Ancient RomeMr. Pentzak

Level One Individuals & Societies

Pre-Test 3/25 & 3/26

Where is Italy? What are some natural boundaries of Italy?

What river is Rome situated on?

According to the legend of the founding of Rome, who were the two twins that built Rome? Who was their father?

How does the legend above relate to the story of The Aeneid?

Who wrote the Aeneid? How is it similar to Homer’s epics The Iliad and The Odyssey?

Name two cultures that heavily influenced Roman civilization

Pre-Test Continued

When did the Roman Empire collapse?

What is the difference between a Patrician and Plebian?

What are Romance Languages and what do they have to do with Rome?

Name at least one Roman god/goddess and their Greek counterpart.

How did the Roman Empire influence Christianity?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=me4E5wDCK2Q

Vocabulary List #3

Patrician Plebian Veto Senate Consul

Conquer Tolerance Persecute Successor Legend

Standardized Definitions

Patrician- an aristocrat or nobleman

Plebian- a commoner

Veto- the power to prevent legislation or action proposed by others

Senate- an assembly of citizens having the highest deliberative functions in a government, esp. a legislative assembly of a state or nation.

Consul- (in ancient Rome) one of the two annually elected chief magistrates who jointly ruled the republic.

Conquer- overcome and take control of (a place or people) by use of military force.

Tolerance- willingness to accept feelings, habits, or beliefs that are different from your own

Persecute- subject (someone) to hostility and ill-treatment, esp. because of their race or political or religious beliefs

Successor- a person or entity who takes over and continues the role or position of another.

Legend- a traditional story sometimes popularly regarded as historical but unauthenticated

Popcorn Reading

I will select who will read first.

After reading AT LEAST THREE SENTENCES, the reader may then select the next student to read aloud by saying “popcorn, (name of student)” and throwing the beach ball/dino plush towards them.

The process will continue until the selected passage is completed.

No repeats until everyone has read!

Origins of Rome

Historians do not know exactly how Rome came to be, but later Romans came up with legends that explained their origins.

We will be working in groups of three to four to explore the two famous legends surrounding the founding of Rome.

We will be watching short video clips, working with complex texts, and working collaboratively to sort the details out!

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/romes-humble-beginnings-from-a-greek-colony-to-the-formation-of-the-republic.html#lesson

(Skip 6:15-6:52)

Legendary Rome The Aeneid

http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/1524F9FB-0302-4283-9D05-BCE42A4C6C1D

Written by Roman poet Virgil in 19 BCE

Glorifies the history of Rome, borrows the glory of the Greeks, adds divinity of the ruler

Romulus & Remus

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wA1D9wd29jI&authuser=0

Explains the construction of Rome in 753 BCE

Divine influences, fratricide, fills in the gaps between the Aeneid to the founding of the city

Origins of Rome

Romulus & Remus

Twins born to the god of war Mars and Rhea Silva, a princess that was banished to a temple by her cruel uncle

Her uncle has the kids kidnapped and “drowned”

Kids rescued and raised by wolves, later adopted

Grow up, kill uncle, claim throne through mother’s heritage

Build a city, get in a fight about what to call it, Romulus kills Remus and names city Rome

Virgil’s The Aeneid

Aeneas is a Trojan prince, escapes during the fall of Troy

Epic adventure all over the Mediterranean Sea

Gods divert him for a long time

Finally gets to Italy, aligns himself with the locals, marries a princess, starts a war

He eventually wins, his family becomes the ruling class

Rhea Silva is Aeneas’ descendant

Bell Ringer 3/27 & 3/28

• Give me the PLOT of the legend of Romulus and Remus

• Who were the main characters? • Are there any elements to this story that

you can connect to other stories or legends?

Homework 3/27 & 3/28

Go this this website: http://www.purposegames.com/game/roman-empire-basic-geography-game

Do five rounds, recording your scores and times on a piece of paper

Have whoever is at home sign/initial to verify you did it

Bring in for next class

Bell Ringer 3/31 & 4/1

Take out your old Vocabulary List Three homework & your homework with the mapping game

Draw a picture of two words that clearly represents the meaning of those words.

Are there any words you are struggling with?

If not, please study the words on list three silently.

Homework 3/31 & 4/1

Go to this website: http://www.purposegames.com/game/longitude-and-latitude-quiz

Do five rounds, recording your scores and times on a piece of paper

Have whoever is at home sign/initial to verify you did it

Bring in for next class

Bell Ringer 4/2 & 4/3

How are the stories of Romulus and Remus and The Aeneid related?

How do you think Patricians or Plebeians can be connected to those stories?

How do you think the lives of slaves, plebeians, and patricians were similar/different?

Bell Ringer 4/4 &4/7

How do we decide what things are important?

What is the best way to remember/organize a lot of information?

Timeline Directions The following events are NOT in order

Place them in the correct chronological order (oldest date to most recent date) labeled with the YEAR

http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/romans.html

HINT: use “CTRL + F” to search the website

Change “BC” to “BCE”, “AD” to “CE” no letters? It’s CE

Then, please write at least one complete sentence that explains the significance of that event

Do this on a separate sheet of paper neatly!

When you are finished, please go to my website and play the BBC Rome game

If you finish that, play any of the geography games we have worked on.

Timeline Approximate date of Trojan War

c. 1200 BCE

Founding of Rome

End of Roman Kingdom/Beginning of the Roman Republic

Ottomans capture Constantinople 1453 CE

Caesar elected Consul of Rome

First aqueduct built

Carthage destroyed

Coliseum built

Division of Empire into East/West

Caesar crossed the Rubicon

Julian calendar created

Battle of Actium

Caesar assassinated

Octavius declares himself emperor

Holy Roman Empire established

Jerusalem destroyed

Sack of Rome

Fall of Western Roman Empire

Christianity proclaimed official religion of the Empire

1. Legend

2. Senate

3. Republic

4. Plebian

5. Aristocrac

y

6. Tolerance

7. Patrician

8. Oligarchy

9. Veto

10.Consul

11.Tyrant

12.Persecute

13.Monarchy

14.Successor

15.Conquer

A. an aristocrat or nobleman

B. A form of government headed by a hereditary sovereign head of state, esp. a king,

queen, or emperor.

C. a commoner

D. A government by the best individuals or by a small, wealthy, landholding privileged

class

E. A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution

F. the power to prevent legislation or action proposed by others

G. an assembly of citizens having the highest deliberative functions in a government, esp.

a legislative assembly of a state or nation.

H. (in ancient Rome) one of the two annually elected chief magistrates who jointly ruled the

republic.

I. overcome and take control of (a place or people) by use of military force.

J. willingness to accept feelings, habits, or beliefs that are different from your own

K. subject (someone) to hostility and ill-treatment, esp. because of their race or political or

religious beliefs

L. A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives,

and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

M. a person or entity who takes over and continues the role or position of another.

N. a traditional story sometimes popularly regarded as historical but unauthenticated

O. A non-elected absolute ruler that takes power by force

BONUS16. Define “Pilgrimage”

Mental Map Directions On the piece of paper provided, draw a map of

the Roman Empire, using only your “mental map” or existing geography skills.

You will have ten minutes

Try to be as accurate as you can be

Using markers, colored pencils, or crayons, please shade the extent of the Roman Empire at it’s height of power

This will serve as another pre-test measure, we will compare this one to one we do at the end of the unit

See Mr. Pentzak’s example

How Did We Do?

Roman Dragon…

For Labeling Your Maps

On Your Maps…

(41˚N, 12˚E)

(32˚N, 35˚E)

(51˚N, 0˚E)

(49˚N, 2˚E)

(37˚N, 10˚E)

(38˚N, 24˚E)

(31˚N, 30˚E)

(35˚N, 36˚E)

(32˚N, 44˚E)

(41˚N, 29˚E)

Plot the following coordinates (city locations) and then use your word bank to identify them. Use an atlas, textbook, or map to label the other items in your word bank

Early Italy THE ETRUSCANS

First people in Italy (?)

Different language, religion, and culture

Women seemed to have high status, depicted in art, mentioned in burials

What we know of them comes from archeological finds and their descriptions in Greek and Roman histories

Latins adapted their style of clothing, city layout (hill, ditch, wall) some of their words, social class

THE LATINS

A tribe that lived in the area that is now Rome

Spoke a older form of Latin

Did not leave many written records

Loosely unified settlements, ethnically Latins

The king of the Latins, Latinus met with Aeneas, he marries his daughter Lavinia and builds a new capital city.

Eventually, this line is supposed to have produced Romulus and Remus

So... Rome?

We can divide it's history into three main pieces or eras: Kingdom, Republic, and Empire

Roman Kingdom 753 BCE- 509 BCE

Founded in 753 BCE

Ruled as a monarchy (Romulus first king)

Romulus is said to have create the senate 300 of the best individuals

After each king died, a new king would be voted in

The last king was a cruel tyrant, over thrown in 509 BCE

Leaders of the rebellion became the first to consuls of the Roman Republic

Roman Republic

Roman Republic 509 BCE- 27 BCE

Consuls voted in each year, they can veto each other and guided by the senate

Check and balances!

Typically high offices were reserved for Patricians

Plebs/Plebeians were just about everyone besides Patricians: shop keepers, merchants, skilled craftsmen, unskilled laborers.

Many of Rome's wealthiest families end up being Plebian

A series of political conflicts from 494-287 BCE sought to level the class differences

Once equal representation in gov’t. achieved, those Plebeians in office became more Patrician

Revolution!

Roman Empire

27 BCE – 476 CE (Western)/ 330-1453 CE (Eastern)

Julius Caesar elected as Consul in 59 BCE

He and his two close friends form a political alliance (triumvirate) which basically voids the power of the other consul member

After his year is up, Caesar leaves Rome and becomes a governor and then lead military campaigns to the north

Political rivals back in Rome – He cannot come back

49 BCE Crosses the Rubicon River (an act of Civil War)

48 BCE Caesar appointed dictator of Rome

Greek vs. Roman Gods

Roman religion result of indigenous Latin beliefs and Greek influences

Same Greek gods, new names

Lares were personal household spirits or deities that were worshiped by specific families, throwback to the Etruscans (?)

Romance Languages

Latin was spoken throughout the Roman Empire

After the collapse of the Empire, places become more localized and new dialects formed

Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian (main ones)

All are related to Vulgar Latin and developed between 500-

800CE

English NOT a Romance Language, although England was occupied by the Romans

Latin French Spanish Italian English

Lunae Lundi lunes lunedì Monday

Martis Mardi martes martedì Tuesday

Mercurii

Mercredi miércoles

mercoledì

Wednesday

Jovis Jeudi jueves giovedì Thursday

Veneris Vendredi viernes venerdì Friday

Saturni Samedi sábado sabato Saturday

Solis Dimanche

domingo

domenica

Sunday