Brand Name: AncefGeneric Name: Cefazolin

Pharmacological Category: antibiotic, cephalosporin (1st generation)FDA Approved Indication(s): infections (acute, uncomplicated UTI; mild infections caused by susceptible gram and cocci, moderate to severe infections, pneumococcal pneumonia, severe, life-threatening infections (endocarditis, septicemia)), perioperative prophylaxisMechanism of Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested. Contraindications: known allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibioticsMajor Adverse Effects: anaphylaxis, SJS, oral candidiasis, thrombocytothemia, phlebitisUsual Adult/Pediatric Dosage: Adult: 1-1.5 g every 8 hours, depending on severity of infection Pediatric: >1 month: 25-100 mg/kg/day divided every 6-8 hours

How should this drug be adjusted for renal impairment? Hepatic impairment? Reduced doses are required in patients with renal function impairment.No dosage adjustment necessary for hepatic impairment.

Explain how this drug should be prepared. Include type and volume of diluent (if needed); type and volume of final solution; and any special requirements needed during the compounding process (filters, etc). Dilute 500 mg vial with 2 mL SWFI and 1 g vial with 2.5 mL SWFI; reconstituted solution may be directly injected after further dilution with 5 mL SWFI or further diluted for IV administration in 50-100 mL compatible solution; 10 g vial may be diluted with 45 mL to yield 1 g/5 mL or 96 mL to yield 1 g/10 mL.

Under what conditions, and how long, should preparation be stored (temperature, light, etc)? Store intact vials at room temperature and protect from temperatures exceeding 40C. Reconstituted solutions of cefazolin are light yellow to yellow. Protection from light is recommended for the powder and for the reconstituted solutions. Reconstituted solutions are stable for 24 hours at room temperature and for 10 days under refrigeration. Stability of parenteral admixture at room temperature (25C) is 48 hours. Stability of parenteral admixture at refrigeration temperature (4C) is 14 days.