Sea Grant College Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Project No. 2008-ESRDC-01-LEV

ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ALL-ELECTRIC-SHIP ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

TOPOLOGIES (PPT)

J. Chalfant and C. Chryssostomidis

MITSG 11-15

PortPropulsion

Motor

Motor Drive

AC Brkr

ATGMTG

AC Brkr

Energy Storage Rectifier Rectifier

Zone 4 Load

Center

Zone 3 Load

Center

Zone 1 Load

Center

Zone 2 Load

CenterRadarDC/DC

DC/DC

MTGATG

AC Brkr AC Brkr

Pulse Charging

Pulsed Load

Motor Drive

R tifi

Analysis of Various All-Electric-Ship

MTGATG Pulsed LoadRectifier Rectifier DC/DC

Electrical Distribution System TopologiesJulie Chalfant Chryssostomos ChryssostomidisJulie Chalfant, Chryssostomos Chryssostomidis

April 11, 2011

OutlineOutline

• Architectural ModelArchitectural Model• Notional Ship

Di t ib ti S t• Distribution Systems• Results and Conclusions

ARCHITECTURAL MODELARCHITECTURAL MODEL

Architectural ModelMetrics:

i ht

Architectural Model

• weight • volume • efficiency (fuel)• vulnerability • quality of service • cost

Fully-integrated i l ti f cost simulation of

• electrical, • hydrodynamic, y y• thermal, and • structural

components of the shipcomponents of the ship operating in a seaway.

Architectural ModelArchitectural Model

MATLAB, Paramarine

Modules:Modules:• Electrical Distribution System• Power Train• Cooling System• Resistance• Propulsion PowerPropulsion Power• Fuel Usage (Operational Scenario)• Survivability

Architectural ModelArchitectural Model

• Ship Object ClassShip Object Class– Name, Weight, Dimensions (LWH), Location,

Orientation Max Power Load (Cost MTBF)Orientation, Max Power, Load, (Cost, MTBF)• PCM, PDM, PGM, PLM, PMM, ESM

Effy SFC as a fn(load)– Effy, SFC as a fn(load)• BUS Class

– Loc1, Loc2, Nr of Cables, Conductor Size, (Resistance), Ampacity, MaxV, (MaxPower), Load Diameter WeightLoad, Diameter, Weight

Equipment LibraryEquipment LibraryEngines

GE LM2500 LM500Converters

AC t DC– GE LM2500, LM500– Rolls Royce MT30,

RR4500

– AC to DC• ABB Rectifier 36MW• 12-pulse Rectifier 40MW

Motors– ALSTOM/Converteam

19MW, 34MW

p• 12-pulse Rectifier 5MW

– DC to in-ZoneS t PCM1 PCM219MW, 34MW

Circuit Breakers– AC: ABB Emax, ADVAC

• Satcon PCM1, PCM2, PCM1A

– Transformers– DC: Secheron UR26 and

extrapolation

Energy Storage

• Federal Pacific GT S1500H

– Motor Drives• Sinamics GM150/SM150Energy Storage

– ABB PCS100– Battery ESS

• Sinamics GM150/SM150• ABB ACS 6309-A18, ACS

800

Equipment LibraryEquipment Library

Cabling AC PlantsCabling– General Cable Offshore

MVRIG and Polyrad15KV 2KV and 600V

AC Plants– Various York, Trane plants

from 100-6000 tons

Pi i– 15KV, 2KV and 600V – single and 3-conductor, – armored and sheathed,

d d

Piping– Standard CuNi

and unarmored– various ampacities

electrical distribution analysisfuel usage (operational scenario)

MODULES

fuel usage (operational scenario)vulnerability

MODULES

Electrical Distribution Analysis

• Max-flow, Min-cost algorithmDirected weighted graph with super sink• Directed, weighted graph with super-sink

• Loads are filled in priority order• Network capacity subtracted along the

path as each load is satisfied• Determine load on each component and

thus losses.

Operational ScenarioOperational Scenario• speed-condition profile, p p ,

– percent time spent at various speeds and battle conditions

S l d fil• Sample speed profiles

15ime

NAVSEA Nominal

15

Tim

e

Rough Actual Data, 1998

5

10

ent o

f Ope

ratin

g T

5

10en

t of O

pera

ting

T

A t l fil d i l d b ttl

0 10 20 300

Speed (kts)

Perc

e

0 10 20 300

Speed (kts)

Per

ce

• Actual profiles used include battle condition as well.

SurvivabilitySurvivability• Impose damage, then remove damaged

equipment/cabling from the directed graph and distribute remaining power on a priority basis. T f ld i bilit t i i th f f• Twofold survivability metric in the face of damage:

maximum value of all loads that can be serviced– maximum value of all loads that can be serviced, proceeding in priority order

– highest priority load that cannot be filled while g p ysatisfying all higher priority loads

• Survivability scores are averaged over a large number of blasts, and can be calculated or single or multiple blasts.

LoadsOperational Scenario

NOTIONAL SHIP

Operational ScenarioElectrical Distribution Systems

NOTIONAL SHIP

Notional ShipNotional Ship

• Notional Destroyer similar to DDG 51Notional Destroyer, similar to DDG 51• ESRDC MVDC Baseline topology

22 l d t l d i 4• 22 lumped-parameter loads in 4 zones • plus selected propulsion motors, radar,

pulse weapon, and generators.

Notional loadsNotional loads

Cruise BattleCruise BattleZone 1 1,382 2,790Zone 2 1 685 3 241Zone 2 1,685 3,241Zone 3 2,149 3,890Zone 4 839 2,965o e 839 ,965

Radar 2,850 3,750Pulse Weapon 0 10,000

Notional Ship Total Motor Load

Speed (kt) Load (kW)0 00 05 203

10 1 41510 1,41515 4,69620 10 99620 10,99625 24,08530 60 40730 60,407

Notional Ship Layout, Generated in Paramarine

Z 2 Z 1Z 3Z 4 Zone 2 Zone 1Zone 3Zone 4

Baseline Ring Bus

PortMotor Drive

ATGMTGEnergy Storage Rectifier Rectifier

PropulsionMotor

AC BrkrAC Brkr

Zone 4 Load

Center

Zone 3 Load

Center

Zone 1 Load

Center

Zone 2 Load

CenterRadarDC/DC

DC/DC

Pulse Charging

DC/DC

MTGATG

AC Brkr AC BrkrC a g g

Pulsed Load

Motor Drive

StbdPropulsion

Motor

Rectifier Rectifier DC/DC

Motor

Modified Ring BusPort

Propulsion

Motor Drive

ATGMTGEnergy Storage Rectifier Rectifier

g

MotorAC BrkrAC Brkr

Zone 4 Load

Center

Zone 3 Load

Center

Zone 1 Load

Center

Zone 2 Load

CenterRadarDC/DC

DC/DC

Pulse Charging

MTGATG

AC Brkr AC BrkrC a g g

Pulsed Load

Motor Drive

StbdPropulsion

Motor

Rectifier Rectifier DC/DC

Motor

Breaker-and-a-HalfPort

PropulsionMotorATGMTG

Energy StorageRectifier Rectifier

Motor DriveAC BrkrAC Brkr

DC/DC

Zone 2 Load

RadarZone 1 Load

Center

Zone 3 Load

Center

Zone 4 Load

Center

Load Center

Pulse Ch i

MTGATG

AC Brkr AC Brkr Charging

Pulsed Load

Motor Drive

StbdPropulsion

Motor

Rectifier Rectifier DC/DC

Motor

ResultsResultsRing Bus Breaker and a

HalfHalfTotal Weight (lton) 792 693Total Volume (ft3) 42,721 38,527( )Annual Fuel (lton) 16,861 16,805Total Loss (kW) 3,383 3,382Single-Hit Survivability

98.34 97.17

D bl Hit 91 25 86 47Double-Hit Survivability

91.25 86.47

Ring bus is lighter and smaller but has reduced survivability.

ConclusionsConclusions

• Further development of architecturalFurther development of architectural model to include:

OOP– OOP– Modularity

Equipment library– Equipment library• Single/Multi blast survivability• Efficiency over range of operating

conditions

Thank you!y