ANALYSIS OF TEXTILE MATERIALS COATED WITH NANOPUR AND POLYURETHANE COATING

Katarina SUTONMeliha

OMEROVIĆ

Stana KOVAČEVIĆ

INTRODUCTION• Coated textile surface materials consist

of a textile substrate coated on one or on both sides with one ore several polymer layers and finally treated. In this way the original properties of textile materials are significantly enhanced and thus coated they can be used for special purposes.

PU coated material treated against burning, bacteria and mildew

Bacterial protection Protection against liquid

Protection against flame

Sweat permeability

• PU artificial leather is a polymer material consisting of PU coating and substrate. The substrate may be: woven fabric, knitted fabric or nonwoven fabric. In selecting strength, elongation, composition and dimensional stability, resistance to water and air permeability, abrasion resistance are of great importance. Properties of artificial leather are also affected by the type and quantity of basic polymer coating, polymerization, additives, resistance to UV radiation, method for PU coating etc.

• Laminated fabric and synthetic leather can be processed to generate protection against liquids, flames and bacteria, and allows sweat to pass through.

• Artificial polymer materials are increasingly used for making articles of clothing protecting against wind, rain and sun where PU plays a significant role. This kind of textile garments is made of multicomponent materials in which PU is applied to woven, knitted or nonwoven fabrics. These materials belong to the group of composite materials or to the group of technical textiles.

EXPERIMENTAL• Components of aminated fabric in plain weave were

tested.• Physical and mechanical properties of materials and

components, especially in layers were tested.• Breaking force and elongation at break of the yarn and

fabrics were tested on the Statimat M tensile tester made by Company Textechno according to the standard ISO 2062 (for yarns) and according to the standard ISO 13934-1:1999 (for fabrics). Bursting strength was determined on the strength tester made by Apparecchi Branca S.A., Italy, in accordance with the standard ASTM D 3787-89. Air permeability was tested on the SDL Atlas air permeability tester witha pressure of 100 Pa on the sample area of 5 cm2 according to the standard HRN EN ISO 9237:2003.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

It is tested next materials:

• PU coating,• knitted fabric• knitted fabric + PU coating

• woven fabric• nanopur layer• woven fabric + nanopur layer

Microscopic presentation of PU on the knitted fabric

Microscopic presentation on the SEM

Microscopic presentation of Nanopur layer on the woven fabric

Breaking force and elongation at break of the yarn taken from woven and knitted fabrics

0100200300

400500600700

PU coating -for woven

fabric - warp

PU coating -for woven

fabric - weft

Wovenfabric - warp

Wovenfabric - weft

Wovenfabric + PU

coating -warp

Wovenfabric + PU

coating -weft

F (N)

050100150200250300350400

e (%)Breakong force (N) Elongation (%)

Breaking force and elongation at break of fabrics

0100200300400500

PU

coa

ting

- for

kni

tted

fabr

ic -

PU

coa

ting

- for

kni

tted

fabr

ic -

Kni

tted

fabr

ic -

line

Kni

tted

fabr

ic -

cour

seK

nitte

dfa

bric

+ P

Uco

atin

g -

Kni

tted

fabr

ic +

PU

coat

ing

-

F (N)

050100150200250300350400e (%)

Breakong force (N) Elongation (%)

Relation between breaking forces of polyurethane coating, knitted fabric and woven fabric

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

PU coating -lenghtwise

PU coating -cross

Knitted/wovenfabric -

lenghtwise

Knitted/wovenfabric - cross

Knitted/wovenfabric + PUcoating -

lengthwise

Knitted/wovenfabric + PU

coating - cross

F (N) Knitted Fabric Woven fabric

CONCLUSION

• According to the obtained results it can be concluded that certain properties of the components in the multilayer material influence the properties of the final product. This effect manifested itself in the test directions test samples. The results indicate that it is possible to change properties of multilayer materials by changing the properties of the components.

• On this basis it is possible to design a targeted product with targeted properties if the textile components (woven fabric, knitted fabric and nonwoven fabric), are thoroughly analyzed, as well as appropriate construction parameters (weave, density, properties and yarn count), mechanical properties (breaking force, elongation at break and breaking strength) and physical properties (thickness and weight) are ascertained.

• It can be concluded that the multilayer materials (laminated fabrics and artificial leather with knitted fabric) have better physical and mechanical properties than conventional materials (woven and knitted fabric) and that materials with added value can be produced by using nano technology in the production of certain components.

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