AN ALBUM OF | RAILWAY ENGINES!

A N A L B U M O F |

R A I L W A Y E N G I N E S !

I s s u e d bg W . D . & H . O. W I L L S

BRANCH OF THE IMPeRJAL. TOBACCO COMPANY tOF CRCAT BR4TAJN AND IFt£UU><D;, LIMITED

P R I C E O N E P E N N Y

- 5

T H E " R O C K E T "

p I O N E E R of the modern steam locomotive, Stephenson's famous " Rocket " was b u i l t i n 1829, and i n October of the same year

at R a i n h i l l , near Liverpool , i t rewarded the hopes of i ts builders b y moving a load of three times its own weight of 4J tons at an average speed of 13*8 m.p.h. , and r u n n i n g l i g h t at a m a x i m u m speed of 29 m.p .h . Compared w i t h the performance of the modern giants i l lust rated i n this A l b u m , these figures seem insignificant, b u t at t h a t t ime they were a remarkable revelation of the possibilities of steam tract ion.

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E " S I L V E R J U B I L E E . "

London, Midland & Scottish Ely. T h e i n t e r e s t of t h i s 4 - 6 - 0

three - cy l inder express passenger engine, c o m p l e t e d i n M a y , 1935, centres i n the b e a u t i f u l f in ish . T h e s h i n y b lack of the boi ler , cab and tenders ides is contrasted w i t h t h e c h r o m i u m p l a t i n g adopted f o r wheels and m o t i o n w o r k , s t eam pipe casings, etc. N o . 5552 bears the name " S i l ver J u b i l e e " i n h o n o u r of H i s la te M a j e s t y K i n g George V ' s S i lver Jubi lee . She was e x h i b i t e d a t E u s t o n , together w i t h the f o r m e r L . N . W . R . 4 - 4 - 0 engine " C o r o n a t i o n " ( b u i l t 1911), d u r i n g S i l ver Jub i lee Week , M a y , 1935. O n N o v . 6 t h , 1935, she w o r k e d the honevxnoon special c o n v e y i n g the D u k e a n d Duchess o f Gloucester f r o m St . Pancras t o K e t t e r i n g . (No. 1)

•A

W I L L S ' S C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "S ILVER JUBILEE." L.M.S.R.

" P A C I F I C " EXPRESS L O C O . " PRINCESS M A R G A R E T

ROSE . " L.M.S.R. F o r h a u l i n g the mos t i m p o r

t a n t A n g l o - S c o t t i s h expresses over the W e s t Coast route , i n c l u d i n g the " R o y a l Scot , " " M i d d a y S c o t " a n d " N i g h t Scot , " t h e L . M . S . R . e m p l o y s 4 - 6 - 2 l o c o m o t i v e s o f t h e " P r i n c e s s R o y a l " class, each named after a m e m b e r of the R o y a l F a m i l y , a n d w e i g h i n g w i t h tender, i n w o r k i n g order, 158 tons 12 c w t . L i k e the G . W . R . " K i n g " a n d " C a s t l e " class engines, these engines have f o u r cy l inders a n d a boi ler pressure of 250 l b . per sq. i n . O n such dut ies as the " R o y a l S c o t " express, these engines m a y w o r k r i g h t t h r o u g h between E u s t o n a n d Glasgow ( 4 0 1 ^ m i l e s ) , o r E u s t o n a n d E d i n b u r g h (3991 miles) . (No . 2)

W / I L L S - s C I G A R E T T E S

- P A C I F I C " EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE "PRINCESS MARGARET ROSE," L.M.S.R.

T U R B I N E - D R I V E N L O C O M O T I V E ,

London, Midland & Scottish Rly. T h e f a m i l i a r exhaust beat of

the o r t h o d o x s team l o comot ive is s t range ly absent w h e n t h i s engine is r u n n i n g , for the d r i v e is b y t u r b i n e a n d gear ing instead of b y cy l inders a n d pistons. T h e s m o o t h t u r n i n g ef fort i m p a r t e d t o the d r i v i n g wheels b y a t u r b i n e and the v e r y gentle exhaust , thus saving fue l , have long a t t r a c t e d l o comot ive engineers. O u r i l l u s t r a t i o n shows N o . 6202, a 4 - 6 - 2 , w h i c h was i n t r o d u c e d i n 1935, the f irst of the t y p e t o be b u i l t b y a r a i l w a y c o m p a n y i n Great B r i t a i n . T h e m a i n t u r b i n e , used for f o r w a r d r u n n i n g , develops 2,000 h .p . a n d is carr i ed under the cas ingnear the f r o n t ; a s m a l l e r t u r b i n e for b a c k w a r d r n n n i n g is o n the opposite side. (No . 3)

9j

y.

S T R E A M L I N E D EXPRESS LOCO. " S I L V E R L I N K , "

London & North Eastern Rly, G r e a t B r i t a i n ' s f i r s t f u l l y -

s t r e a m l i n e d l o c o m o t i v e , a4-6 - -2 , was i n t r o d u c e d b y the L . N . E . r ! in 1935 for w o r k i n g the s t reaml ined London -Newcas t l e express " T h e S i lver J u b i l e e , " so named i n honour of H i s late M a j e s t y K i n g George V ' s S i lver Jubi lee . T h e distance of 268-3mi les , w i t h one stop at D a r l i n g t o n , is covered i n 4 hours . O n an exper i m e n t a l r u n on September 2 7 t h , 1 9 3 5 , " S i l v e r L i n k " t w i c e reached a m a x i m u m speed of 112^ m . p . h . T o m i n i m i z e w i n d resistance, the engine a n d cab f ronts a n d the sides of the t r a i n h a v e been s p e c i a l l y s h a p e d . " S i l v e r L i n k " is one of f our s i m i l a r engines b u i l t f o r t h i s p o p u l a r service. (No . 4J

ESEb ' I L L S ' S C I G A R E T T E S

y.

r STREAMLINED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE •COCK O T H E NORTH." L.N.E.R.

S T R E A M L I N E D E X P R E S S LOCO. " C O C K O ' T H E

N O R T H . " L.N.E.R. T h e f i rs t e ight -coupled loco

m o t i v e b u i l t f o r express passenger service i n Great B r i t a i n , th i s three-cyUnder 2 - 8 - 2 engine was a l s o t h e f i r s t o r d i n a r y - t y p e engine on a home r a i l w a y to have a s t reaml ined contour . T h i s class is employed on " The F l y i n g S c o t s m a n " a n d other expresses between E d i n b u r g h and A b e r d e e n . I n 1934 N o . 2 0 0 1 was tested on the French l ocomot ive tes t ing p l a n t a t V i t r y , near Paris . S p e c i a l f e a t u r e s i n c l u d e t h e double b last -p ipe and the t w o c h i m n e y s set one b e h i n d t h e o ther w i t h i n the same casing, a n d poppet -va lves . I n w o r k i n g order "Cock o ' the N o r t h " weighs l l O i tons, a n d the tender 5 5 i tons . (No . 5}

" P A C I F i C " E X P R E S S LOCO, " P A P Y R U S . "

Lottdon & North Eastern Rly. For i t s p r i n c i p a l h e a v y ex

presses, t h e L . N . E . R . uses a 4 - 6 - 2 or " P a c i f i c " t y p e three -c y l i n d e r e n g i n e . T h e l a t e s t w'eigh, w i t h c o r r idor tender, 158 tons 13 cwt . , a n d the m a j o r i t y bear names of racehorses. N o . 2750, " P a p y r u s , " became w o r i d -f a r n o u s on M a r c h 5 t h , 1935 , w h e n , a f ter h a v i n g a l ready r u n 392,853 miles since be ing b u i l t i n 1928 , she a t t a i n e d a t h e n w o r l d record m a x i m u m speed for steam of ICS m . p . h . , a n d covered 12-3 miles a t an average of 100-6 m . p . h . W i t h her l oad of 2 1 6 | tons, " P a p y r u s " r a n f r o m K i n g ' s Cross to Newcast le a n d back (536-6 miles) i n a t o t a l r u n n i n g t i m e of 7 hrs. 48 m m s , 55 sees., a n d for 300 miles averaged SO m . p . h . (No. 6)

" C A S T L E " CLASS EXPRESS LOCO. " W I N D S O R C A S T L E . "

Great Western Railway. D u r i n g a v i s i t to the G . W . R .

W o r k s a t S w i n d o n i n 1924, H i s la te M a j e s t y K i n g George V personal ly drove t h i s engine and i t s t r a i n f r o m the W o r k s t o S w i n d o n S t a t i o n ; a brass p la te c o m m e m o r a t i n g the event has since been carr ied o n the cab side. I t was s i n g u l a r l y a p p r o p r i a t e t h a t the same engine shou ld be used t o d r a w the R o y a l F u n e r a l T r a i n bear ing the b o d y of the late K i n g f r o m P a d d i n g t o n t o W i n d s o r o n J a n u a r y 2 8 t h , 1936. T h e " C a s t l e " class of f o u r - c y l i n d e r 4 - 6 - 0 express engines is w o r l d r enowned for speed, being used o n t h e f a m o u s " C h e l t e n h a m F l y e r " express. (No . 7)

s 3 ^

C I G A R E T T E S

••CASTLE" CLASS EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE - WINDSOR CASTLE, S

P A R T I A L L Y - S T R E A M L I N E D LOCO. " M A N O R B I E R C A S T L E , "

Great Western Railway. T h e G . W . R . recent ly appl ied

casings o f special contour to the smoke-box f r o n t , over the c y l i n ders a n d b e h i n d the c h i m n e y and safety valves , o n " K i n g H e n r y V I I " of the " K i n g " class, a n d " M a n o r b i e r Castle " (4 -6 -0 ) of the " C a s t l e " class. A t the same t i m e the cab f r o n t s were f i t t e d w i t h ' ' V " - s h a p e d casings and the tender tops s i m i l a r l y cased i n t o the l ine of the cab roof. T h i s was i n order t o test o u t the a d v a n tages of p a r t i a l s t r e a m l i n i n g i n r e d u c i n g w i n d resistances o n express locomot ives , thus effecting economies i n coal consumpt i o n . O u r i l l u s t r a t i o n shows the a l tered appearance of " M a n o r bier Cast le . " (No. 8)


•

PARTIALLY STREAMLINED LOCOMOTIVE "MANORBIER CASTLE." G.W.R.

" K I N G " CLASS EXPRESS LOCO. " K I N G G E O R G E V , "

Great Western Railway.

T h i s f o u r - c y l i n d e r 4 - 6 - 0 engine belongs t o the p r i n c i p a l class of G . W . R . express l ocomotives , a n d is employed i n such services as t h e " C o r n i s h R i v i e r a L i m i t e d " express. N o . 6000 was e x h i b i t e d i n A m e r i c a i n 1927 at the B a l t i m o r e & Ohio R a i l r o a d C e n t e n a r y c e l e b r a t i o n s . H e r clean Hnes a n d the h i g h l ) o w e r d e v e l o p e d f o r her size considerably impressed A m e r i c a n e n g i n e e r s , a n d s e v e r a l designs i n c o r p o r a t i n g the neat B r i t i s h out l ines have since been b u i l t f o r A m e r i c a n r a i l w a v s . Before her r e t u r n , the B . & ' 0 . au thor i t i e s presented No . 6000 w i t h a n A m e r i c a n l o comot ive be l l , w h i c h is carr i ed o n the f r o n t above the buffer beam. (No . 9)

W I L L S - s C I G A R E T T E S

CLASS EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE " KING GEORGE V . ' G.W.R. s 2ZEP

" L O R D N E L S O N " C L A S S E X P R E S S L O C O . " L O R D H A W K E . " Southern Railway.

T h e Southern R a i l w a y routes f r o m L o u d o n , over w h i c h the D o v e r and Folkestone C o n t i n e n t a l boat t ra ins , such as the " G o l d e n A r r o w " P u l l m a n express, are w o r k e d , are b y no means easy for the locomot ives . There are numerous grades a n d curves, w h i l e near L o n d o n delays are o f ten experienced f r o m the dense s u b u r b a n t r a f f i c . T h e " L o r d N e l s o n " f o u r - c y l i n d e r 4 - 6 - 0 e x p r e s s l o c o m o t i v e s , n a m e d after famous seamen, are used o n these w o r k i n g s a n d also o n t h e " A t l a n t i c C o a s t " a n d o t h e r expresses t o a n d f r o m W a t e r l o o , W e s t e r n Sect ion. I n w o r k i n g order t h e y each w e i g h 8 3 i tons, a n d t h e i r e ight -wheeled tenders 56 tons 14 c w t . (No . 10)

" S C H O O L S " C L A S S LOCO. " L E A T H E R H E A D , "

SoutJtern Railway.

F o r w o r k i n g m o d e r a t e l y -h e a v y t ra ins on w h i c h the larger s ix -coupled express engines are n o t r e q u i r e d , o r t h e u s e o f w h i c h i s deemed u n s u i t a b l e b y we ight or o t h e r res t r i c t i ons , the S o u t h e r n R a i l w a y has a class of three -c y l i n d e r , f o u r - c o u p l e d b o g i e e n g i n e s , n a m e d a f t e r p u b l i c s choo l s . T h e m o s t p o w e r f u l 4 - ^ - 0 t y p e engines i n E u r o p e , t h e y are e m p l o y e d o n express services o n the L o n d o n - H a s t i n g s a n d L o n d o n - P o r t s m o u t h routes , a n d elsewhere. T h e y h a u l loads of t e n a n d eleven coaches, w e i g h i n g , w i t h passengers, l i t t l e short o f 400 tons i n a l l , a t h i g h speeds over h i l l y roads, a n d have shown themselves capable of fast w o r k . (No . 11)


EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE -REMEMBRANCE, - SOUTHERN RAILWAY

E S T

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E " R E M E M B R A N C E , "

Southern Railway. Between 1914 a n d 1922 the

L o n d o n , B r i g h t o n & S o u t h Coast R a i l w a y b u i l t a n d placed i n serv i c e seven express passenger t a n k l o c o m o t i v e s , h a v i n g s ix c o u p l e d w h e e l s a n d a f o u r -wheeled bogie a t each end . W h e n b u i l t , these 98^ - t on engines were the heaviest t a n k locomot ives i n Great B r i t a i n , a n d were used f o r t h e i r l i n e ' s f a s t e s t a n d heaviest expresses. T h e last of the class t o be b u i l t was named " R e m e m b r a n c e " i n m e m o r y of employees of the L . B . & S.C.R. w h o f e l l i n the Great W a r . F o l l o w i n g the extens ion of e l e c t r i fication, these engines have been conver ted i n t o 4 -6 -0 ' s a n d supp l i ed w i t h tenders t o make t h e m su i tab le for w o r k over longer distances. (No . 12)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E . Great Southern Rlys., Ireland.

Belong ing t o a class f irst i n t r o d u c e d i n 1916 o n t h e f o r m e r Great S o u t h e r n & W e s t e r n R a i l w a y , n o w p a r t o f t h e G r e a t S o u t h e r n R a i l w a y s ' system. N o . 402, together w i t h others of the class, has been a l te red f r o m a four - t o a t w o - c y l i n d e r des ign; t h e y n o w we igh 121^ tons w i t h then: 4 8 - t o n tenders. These 5 f t . 3 in.-gauge 4 - 6 - 0 engines are employed on such services as the E n g l i s h m a i l t r a i n s b e t w e e n D u b l i n a n d Cork . N o . 402 has w o r k e d a t h r e e - c o a c h s p e c i a l over the 165-3 miles f r o m Cork t o D u b h n non-s top i n 2 hrs . 27 m i n s . , a n d covered 106-9 miles of t h i s d istance a t a n average o f 73-7 m . p . h . (No . 13)

D R U M M B A T T E R Y T R A I N . Great Southern Rlys., Ireland.

A great deal of in teres t was aroused i n r a i l w a y circles w h e n i t became k n o w n t h a t an electr ic b a t t e r y h a d been i n v e n t e d w h i c h cou ld be re -charged m u c h more q u i c k l y t h a n the usual t y p e . T h e Great S o u t h e r n R a i l w a y s of I r e l a n d i n s t a l l e d these b a t t e r i e s ( constructed under p a t e n t s o f the i n v e n t o r , D r . J . J . D r u m m ) i n t w o two-car u n i t s , each equ ipped w i t h e l e c t r i c m o t o r s o n t h e m i d d l e bogie a n d w o r k i n g on the same p r i n c i p l e as an electric t r a i n , b u t w i t h o u t r e q u i r i n g side r a i l o r o v e r h e a d l i n e c u r r e n t t r a n s m i s s i o n a l o n g t h e t r a c k . T h e s e t r a i n s w o r k b e t w e e n D u b l i n ( A m i e n s S t r e e t ) a n d B r a y , one set p e r f o r m i n g a t o t a l of 1,000 miles a week. (No . 14)


•ST'

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E " K E S T R E L , "

Great Northern Railway, Ireland. T h i s 4 - 4 - 0 engine is one of a

class of f ive t h r e e - c y l i n d e r c omp o u n d e x p r e s s l o c o m o t i v e s placed i n service o n the 5 f t . 3 in . -gauge l ines of the Great N o r t h e r n R a i l w a y i n 1932, a n d r e p r e s e n t i n g a c o n s i d e r a b l e advance i n power compared w i t h ear l ier engines o n t h i s Hne. T h e class is e m p l o y e d on the express serv i ces b e t w e e n D u b l i n a n d Bel fast , a n d a t one t i m e was b o o k e d b e t w e e n D u b l i n a n d D u n d a l k a t a n average of 60 m . p . h . These engines have p u t u p some excel lent performances w i t h 3 0 0 - t o n t r a i n s o n t h i s 1 1 2 i - m i l e u n d u l a t i n g route . T h e o r i g i n a l b l a c k Uvery has re cent ly g i v e n place t o the m o r e h a n d some c o l o u r i n g s h o w n h e r e . (No . 15)

W I L L S S C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE • K E S T H E L . - GREAT NORTHERN RLY.. IRELAND

W l LLS 'S C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE - DUKE OF ABERCORN." N.C.C. (L.M.S.R.). IRELAND

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E " D U K E O F A B E R C O R N . " N.C.C. (L.M.S.R.), Ireland. T h e nucleus of the N o r t h e r n

Counties C o m m i t t e e system was the f o rmer Bel fast & N o r t h e r n C o u n t i e s R a i l w a y , w h i c h was b o u g h t b y the M i d l a n d R a i l w a y , E n g l a n d , i n 1903. T h e system t h u s p a s s e d e v e n t u a l l y i n t o L . M . S . R . o w n e r s h i p , o n t h e a b s o r p t i o n of the M i d l a n d R a i l w a y i n t o t h a t group . T h u s the character ist ics of L . M . S . R . locom o t i v e design are t o be f o u n d on the N.C.C. O u r subject , a 2 - 6 - 0 , is one of a class re cent ly b u i l t a t the L . M . S . R . w o r k s at D e r b y for express passenger service on the 5 f t . 3 in.-gauge N.C.C. l ines. T h e t ra ins w o r k e d inc lude the " N o r t h A t l a n t i c E x p r e s s " a n d the " P o r t r u s h F l y e r , ' ' between P o r t r u s h a n d Bel fast ( 6 5 i mi les ) . { N o . 16)

s C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, PARIS-ORLEANS-MIDI RAILWAYS. FRANCE

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , Paris-Orleans-Midi Railways,

France.

A good i l l u s t r a t i o n of the h i g h e f f i c i e n c y o f m o d e r n s t e a m engines is g iven b y th is 4 - 8 - 0 F r e n c h engine, o r i g i n a l l y b u i l t i n 1907 as a 4 - 6 - 2 t y p e . I n 1931 i t was considerably mod i f i ed b y the a d d i t i o n of a f o u r t h pa i r of coupled wheels, a smaller f i re grate , new cy l inders a n d special valves, a double b last -p ipe a n d c h i m n e y t o su i t , an increased boi ler pressure and h igher steam t e m p e r a t u r e , shak ing grate , etc. These a l terat ions have produced a machine capable of h a u l i n g loads of 700-800 tons over the h i l l y Vierzon-Toulouse l ine at a h i g h average speed, a n d w i t h a s t r i k i n g economy i n fuel . (No. 17)

i HEAVY FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE.

2ZtP

H E A V Y F R E I G H T L O C O . , P.L.M. Railway, France.

F o r h a n d l i n g t h e h e a v i e s t f r e i g h t traf f ic between Paris a n d the south b y the h e a v i l y - g r a d e d B o u r b o n n a i s route , the Par is , L y o n s a n d M e d i t e r r a n e a n R a i l w a y has i n t r o d u c e d t h i s n e w d e s i g n o f f o u r - c y l i n d e r c o m p o u n d goods engine. A n i n t e r es t ing a n d nove l f eature of th is 2 - 1 0 - 2 l o c o m o t i v e is t h a t the couphng rods between the second a n d t h i r d c o u p l e d a x l e s a r e arranged ins ide the f r a m i n g on c r a n k axles, as insuf f i c i ent r o o m is ava i lab le outs ide o n account o f t h e p o s i t i o n o f t h e h i g h -pressure cy l inders . A t t a c h e d t o i t s tender (not shown here) a n d i n w o r k i n g order, the locomot i v e complete weighs j u s t under 182 tons . T w o of these engines h a v e m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r s . ( N o . 18)

S U B U R B A N T A N K LOCO.. Eastern Railway, France.

A u n i q u e f e a t u r e o f Par i s s u b u r b a n t r a i n w o r k i n g is the e m p l o y m e n t on some sections of p o w e r f u l s t e a m t a n k l o c o m o tives , w h i c h a l t e r n a t e l y puU a n d , for the r e t u r n j o u r n e y , push the i r t ra ins of heavy all-steel coaches, we igh ing over 400 tons. B y th is m e t h o d the t ra ins can be re versed a t the t e r m i n i w i t h the m i n i m u m of delay. W h e n the eng ine is p u s h i n g , the d r i v e r w o r k s t h e c o n t r o l s t h r o u g h spec ia l gear f r o m a c o m p a r t m e n t a t w h a t is then the f r o n t of the t r a i n . T h e design i l l u s t r a t e d is a three -cy l inder 2 - 8 - 2 type we igh ing about 1051 tons, and used b y b o t h the Eastern a n d the F r e n c h Sta te Ra i lways i n the Paris area. (No. 19)

C I G A R E T T E S

SUBURBAN TANK LOCOMOTIVE. EASTERN RAiLWAY. FRANCE S

5 S r

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , Madrid, Zaragoza & Alicante

Railway, Spain. T h e m a i n lines i n Spain , as i n

P o r t u g a l , are l a i d t o a gauge of 5 f t . 5| i n . T h e gradients as a rule are heavy, so t h a t a l t h o u g h t ra ins are c o m p a r a t i v e l y l i g h t , large a n d power fu l engines m u s t be used for the p r i n c i p a l expresses. I n recent years such engines have been constructed i n Spain , t h o u g h m a n y of the o lder and smaller types s t i l l i n service are B r i t i s h - b u i l t . T h i s t w O ' C y l i n d e r 4 - 8 - 2 or " M o u n t a i n " t y p e is t h e p r i n c i p a l express engine of the M a d r i d , Zaragoza and A l i c a n t e R a i l w a y , a n d weighs, complete w i t h t e n der, i n w o r k i n g order, about 160 tons. T h i s type is used on such lines as the M a d r i d , Barce lona, and Valencia sections. (No. 20)

W I L L S ' S - C I G A R E T T E

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. MADRID. ZARAGOZA St ALICANTE RLY., SPAIN

S T R E A M L I N E D EXPRESS L O C O M O T I V E .

Belgian National Railways. These 4 - 6 - 2 express passenger

locomot ives we igh , w i t h t h e i r 8 2 i - t o n tenders, a t o t a l of 204^ tons and , w i t h the irc louble c h i m neys a n d the s t r e a m l i n i n g o f the f r o n t and boi ler t o p , very m u c h r e s e m b l e i n a p p e a r a n c e t h e "Cock o ' the N o r t h " type of the L . N . E . R . F i t t e d w i t h four c y l inders , w o r k i n g non - compound , t h e i r e q u i p m e n t includes a feed-w a t e r p u m p and heater t o raise the t empera ture of the water before i t enters the bo i l er ; p a r t of th is apparatus is visible a longside the boi ler , above the f r a m i n g . A l l the engine non-coupled wheels and the tender wheels have ro l l e r -bear ing axle-boxes. T h i s class is employed on heavy express dut ies of the Be lg ian N a t i o n a l Ra i lways . (No. 21)

H E A V Y F R E I G H T T A N K L O C O M O T I V E ,

Netherlands Railways.

These 4 f t . 8 1 in.-gauge 4 - 8 - 4 t a n k engines, each weigh ing 124^ tons i n w o r k i n g order, are among the heaviest t a n k locomotives a t w o r k i n Europe . T h e cy l inders , boilers, a n d certain other p a r t s are ident i ca l w i t h corresponding par ts on the 4 - 6 - 0 f our - cy l inder express passenger engines used o n the N e t h e r l a n d s Rai lwaj - ' s , T h e v e r t i c a l plates near the f r o n t are used t o produce an u p w a r d c u r r e n t of a ir w h i c h w i l l c a r r y the exhaust steam a n d smoke h igher over the boi ler , a n d so clear of the cab windows . T o give sufficient b r a k i n g power, these engines have compressed-a i r brakes w o r k i n g on the bogie as w e l l as the coupled wheels. (No . 22)


EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. GERMAN STATE RAILWAYS s

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E . German State Railways.

T h i s 4 - 6 - 2 l ocomot ive is s i m i l a r t o the p r i n c i p a l express t y p e u s e d f o r h a u l i n g t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t h e a v y long-distance express " D " a n d " F D " t r a i n s i n Germany . A l l o y steels have been used i n the construct ion of the boilers f o r th is and a sister engine, w h i c h w o r k at a s team pressure of 355 l b . per sq. i n . , as against 227 l b . per sq. i n . i n numerous o ther engines w h i c h are otherwise general ly s imi lar . These new engines have f our cyhnders w o r k i n g on the c omp o u n d pr inc ip l e , and an i n t e r est ing feature incorporated i n the design is the prov i s i on o f electric l i g h t a t var ious po ints t o f a c i l i t a t e n i g h t o v e r h a u l i n g . ( N o . 23)

H E A V Y F R E T G H T L O C O . , German State Railways.

These large 2 - 1 0 - 0 f r e i g h t l o c o m o t i v e s , w e i g h i n g , w i t h t h e i r tenders, about 186^ tons i n w o r k i n g order, are the heaviest a t present employed on the Germ a n State Ra i lways . A pressure of 335 l b . per sq. i n . is used, a n d there are four cy l inders , w o r k i n g o n t h e c o m p o u n d p r i n c i p l e . These engines w o r k i n h e a v i l y -g r a d e d d i s t r i c t s . T h e y a r e capable of a m a x i m u m speed o f 50 m . p . h . a n d r e p r e s e n t a n increase i n power of f r o m 10 t o 15 per cent, over the s t a n d a r d goods locomotives of the Germ a n State R a i l w a y s . A complete electric l i g h t i n g system is used t o assist the enginemen t o o i l a n d inspect the var ious w o r k i n g p a r t s d u r i n g darkness. ( N o . 24)

E L E C T R I C P A S S E N G E R & F R E I G H T L O C O . ,

Swiss Federal Railways. T h i s 7,500 h .p . single-phase

electric l o comot ive employed on the St . G o t t h a r d l ine of the Swiss Federal R a i l w a y s , is the most power fu l electric l o comot ive i n E u r o p e . . 'Although r u n n i n g as one u n i t in service, i t r ea l l y consists of t w o i d e n t i c a l halves, each h a v i n g i t s o w n d r i v i n g c o m p a r t m e n t . One of these double locom o t i v e s i s s u f f i c i e n t f o r t h e h e a v i e s t e x p r e s s p a s s e n g e r tra ins , i n place of t w o of the previous type employed . I t can hau l a 600 - ton passenger t r a h i at 38 m . p . h . up a 1 i n 37 grad ient , a n d a 750-ton goods t r a i n a t 30 m . p . h . , t h e m a x i m u m speed of the l o comot ive be ing f ixed a t 62 m . p . h . (No . 25)

d2za W I L L S - a C I G A R E T T E S

- I , - T i n r

ELECTRIC PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. SWISS FEDERAL RLYS.

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , Austrian Federal Railways.

I n 1929 the A u s t r i a n Federal R a i l w a y s i n t roduced t w o exper i m e n t a l e i g h t - c o u p l e d engines, h a v i n g the 2 - 8 - 4 wheel arrangem e n t , f o r express passenger t ra f l i c . Otherwise gcnerahy s i m i lar , one engine h a d three c y l i n d e r s , t h e o t h e r t w o . F u r t h e r engines of the t w o - c y l i n d e r t y p e have since been added, and t h e y are used on the p r i n c i p a l i n t e r n a t i o n a l e x p r e s s e s o v e r t h e h e a v i l y - g r a d e d 196 mi les between V i e n n a and Salzburg . F o r an express engine design, these l o c o m o t i v e s share a c o m m o n character i s t i c w i t h o ther Centra l E u r o p e a n engines i n h a v i n g t w o s m a l l wheels l ead ing , w h i c h are connected i n the f o r m of a t r u c k w i t h the f r o n t p a i r of coupled wheels. (No. 26)

s

2 F T . 6 m . G A U G E L O C O M O T I V E ,

Lithuanian State Railways.

Despite the t o t a l we ight ( w i t h tender) o f 63 tons and an overa l l l e n g t h o f 51 f t . , t h i s 0 - 1 0 - 0 locom o t i v e runs on a gauge measuri n g o n l y 2 f t . 6 i n . I t has been designed t o h a u l loads of 300 tons u p 1 i n 62 grades, w i t h curves, a t 1 2 i m . p . h . , or 200 tons a t 25 m . p . h . o n s t r a i g h t 1 i n 200 grades. T h e f ire-box is designed to b u r n m i x e d fue l of wood and coal . T h e L i t h u a n i a n State R a i l ways o w n about 300 miles of 2 f t . 6 i n . - and 2 f t . -gauge lines, i n a d d i t i o n t o the 4 f t . 8J i n . -gauge r a i l w a y s w h i c h replaced the 5 f t . -gauge lines l a i d d o w n u n d e r t h e p r e v i o u s R u s s i a n ownersh ip . (No . 27)

L L S ' S C I G A R E T T E S

2 FT. 6 IN. GAUGE LOCOMOTIVE. L ITHUANI / s

N C I G A R E T T E S

HEAVY FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. U.S.S.R. RAILWAYS

H E A V Y F R E I G H T LOCO. , U.S.S.R. Railways.

L o c o m o t i v e s o f t h e s a m e power a n d of a s imi lar w e i g h t , b u t designed w i t h fewer axles t h a n this 4 - 1 4 - 4 l o comot ive , are i n use i n the U .S .A . B u t those respons ib le f o r t h i s e n o r m o u s engine f o u n d t h a t t o get the power requ i red a n d the necessary f l e x i b i l i t y , a n d w i t h o u t s t r e n g t h e n i n g t h e e x i s t i n g r o a d , t h e we ight of the engine w o u l d have t o be d i s t r i b u t e d over no fewer t h a n eleven axles. T h i s engine, w h i c h was b u i l t for heavy coal trafhc i n the Donetz Bas in , runs on the 5 f t . gauge, is j u s t under 110 f t . 9 i n . l ong w i t h tender a n d , i n w o r k i n g order, weighs ( w i t h tender ) , 327^ tons. I t is r e q u i r e d t o move 2,500-ton loads over h e a v y grades. (No. 28)

F R E I G H T L O C O M O T I V E , Turkish State Railways.

I n the design of these 2 - 1 0 - 2 locomotives , a large n u m b e r of s tandard ized components c o m m o n t o cer ta in locomot ives o f the G e r m a n S t a t e R a i l w a y s h a v e been embodied b y t h e i r G e r m a n bui lders , i n order to reduce the v a r i e t y i n stocks of necessary spare parts , a n d m a k e those parts i n t e r c h a n g e a b l e w i t h e x i s t i n g T u r k i s h locomot ives . I n w o r k i n g order , these engines w e i g h 148 tons ( w i t h tender ) , a n d are b u i l t t o the s tandard 4 f t . 8 i i n . gauge for service b o t h on the H a i d a r P a s h a - A n k a r a l ine a n d on seco n d a r y l i n e s . A l t h o u g h t h e we ight on a n y one pa i r of wheels does n o t exceed 13 tons 6 c w t . , these locomot ives are capable of h a u l i n g loads of 470 t o 490 tons u p gradients of 1 i n 67 at 12^ m . p . h . (No . 29)

t£!ZE

ARTICULATED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. ALGERIAN RAILWAYS

A R T I C U L A T E D E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , Algerian Railways.

One h a r d l y expects t o f ind the latest types of steam locomotives in N o r t h e r n A f r i c a , b u t the 3971-t o n 4 - 6 - 2 - I - 2 - 6 - 4 engine i l l u s t r a t e d is a m o d e r n a r t i c u l a t e d B e y e r - G a r r a t t designed for h a u l i n g fast t ra ins of all-steel passenger coaches, a n d is one of several a t w o r k on the A lg i e r s -O r a n a n d A l g i e r s - C o n s t a n t i n e lines. Sections of these l ines are v e r y h i l l y , a n d there are m a n y curves, whi l e on other por t i ons the grades are easy and speeds up t o 75 m . p . h . m a y be w o r k e d . T h e size of th is f our - cyhnder , 4 f t . 8^ in.-gauge l o comot ive is emphasized b y th is v iew, showi n g t h e c y l i n d r i c a l l y - s h a p e d r e v o l v i n g coal b u n k e r . (No . 30)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E " M O H A M E D A L I E L K E B I R . "

Egyptian State Railways.

F o r some years past the E g y p t i a n S ta te R a i l w a y s ' 4 f t . 8| i n . -gauge e.xpress services have been scheduled a t r u n n i n g speeds of 48 m . p . h . , a n d t h e p r i n c i p a l t r a i n s , w e i g h i n g 400 to 500 tons, have been w o r k e d b y " A t l a n t i c " t y p e 4 - 4 - 2 e n g i n e s . R e c e n t acceleration t o a r u n n i n g speed of 56 m . p . h . for these t r a i n s has cal led for i m p r o v e d accelerative power f r o m the locomot ives . T o meet th is d e m a n d some of the " A t l a n t i c s " have been r e b u i l t w i t h six coupled wheels as the 4 - 6 - 0 t y p e i l l u s t r a t e d , and the b o i l e r s t e a m p r e s s u r e r a i s e d . These engines are named after E g y p t i a n R o y a l t y . (No. 31)


EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE " MOHAMED ALI EL KEBIB . " EGYPTIAN STATE RLYS. S

A R T I C U L A T E D L O C O . • ' E M I R O F K A T S I N A . " Nigerian Government Railway.

These B e y e r - G a r r a t t 4 - 6 - 2 + 2 - 6 - 4 a r t i c u l a t e d locomotives , w h i c h bear the names of N i g e r i a n chiefs, have then: w e i g h t o f 11IJ-tons spread over twe lve axles because of the v e r y l i g h t ra i l s and bridges o n cer ta in sections over w h i c h they have t o r u n . T h e y are h a n d l e d e n t i r e l y b y A f r i c a n n a t i v e s , a n d d u r i n g t h e s i x m o n t h s heavy e x p o r t season are used on the Jebba-I\l inna sect i o n . F o r the rest of the year they are employed on t h r o u g h runs w i t h passenger t ra ins between the p o r t of Lagos a n d K a n o , a distance of 700 miles. Each engine was shipped in three parts f r o m the bui lders i n E n g l a n d . ( N o . 32)


ARTICULATED LOCOMOTIVE •'EMIR OF KATSINA." NIGERIAN GOVT. RLY.

PASSENGER 8c F R E I G H T L O C O M O T I V E .

Kenya & Uganda Railways. These D a r l i n g t o n - b u i l t 2 - 8 - 2

engines we igh 90J tons, have 6 .5i - ton tenders a n d 4 f t . 6 i n . coupled wheels ; they are among the biggest o r d i n a r y - t y p e m e t r e -gauge passenger engines in the w o r l d . T h e i r dut ies inc lude h a u l -i n g t h e m a i l t r a i n s r u n n i n g between N a i r o b i (5,400 f t . above sea level) a n d the coast, a d is tance of 330 miles. W i t h a break of a b o u t 5 h o u r s before t h e r e t u r n , the r o u n d t r i p of 660 m i l e s o c cup ies 42 h o u r s w i t h t ra ins we igh ing 400 to 500 tons. O n the m a i l service a rel ief crew is c a r r i e d o n t h e t r a i n , t h e change-over being made a f ter each t e n hours , w h i c h const i tutes a w o r k i n g d a y . (No. 33)

y.


PASSENGER a FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, KENYA St UGANDA RAILWAYS


EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. SOUTH AFRICAN GOVhRNMENT RAILWAYS

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E . South African Government Rlys.

These new " 1 6 E " class 4 - 6 - 2 " P a c i f i c " t y p e locomotives are c la imed to be the largest of the i r wheel arrangement a t w o r k on the 3 f t . 6 i n . gauge. T h e y have coupled wheels 6 f t . i n d iameter , and the centre hne of the v e r y large boi ler is 9 f t . 3 i n . above the r a i l leve l . I n w o r k i n g order , w i t h the i r 67|- ton tenders, complete w i t h 12 tons of coal a n d 6,000 gallons of water , these locomotives we igh 166^ tons. T h e y are b u i l t for w o r k i n g express t ra ins , i n c l u d i n g the " U n i o n L h n i t e d , " over the 617-mile B e a u f o r t West , K i m b e r l e y a n d J o h a n n e s b u r g section. T h e " U n i o n L i m i t e d " covers the j o u r n e y of 900 miles between Cape T o w n a n d J o h a n nesburg i n 28 hours . (No. 34)

A R T I C U L A T E D H E A V Y F R E I G H T L O C O M O T I V E . South African Government Rlys.

A p r o d u c t of Manchester , t h i s B e y e r - G a r r a t t 4 - 8 - 2 + 2 - 8 - 4 t y p e weighs 214 tons complete , is about 90 f t . i n l e n g t h a n d the largest 3 f t . 6 in.-gauge engine i n the w o r l d . T h e p r i n c i p a l dut ies are the h a u l i n g of heavy f r e i g h t t r a i n s , we igh ing u p t o 1,200 tons, over a 38-mile grade of 1 i n 66 i n N a t a l , a n d the i r use has enabled t r a i n loads t o be doub led . T h e great power of these locomot ives , w h i c h r e a l l y c o n s i s t o f t w o engines a r t i c u l a t e d together , is due t o the fact t h a t the separate e i g h t - w h e e l - c o u p l e d u n i t s a t each end have the i r o w n sets o f c y l i n d e r s a n d m o t i o n , p o w e r be ing suppl ied b y the v e r y large boi ler arranged between the t w o engine u n i t s . (No. 35)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , North Western Railway, India.

T h i s L a n c a s h i r e - b u i l t 5 f t . 6 in.-gauge 4 - 6 - 2 l o comot ive is one of f our f o u r - c y l i n d e r n o n -c o m p o i m d express locomot ives . Compared w i t h the v e r y s i m i l a r t w o - c y l i n d e r engines w h i c h f o r m the s t a n d a r d for the fastest a n d h e a v i e s t e x p r e s s p a s s e n g e r d u t i e s , s u c h as t h e L a h o r e -K a r a c h i M a i l o n t h e N o r t h W e s t e r n a n d on o ther I n d i a n State -owned l ines, these engines represent an advance i n power , a n d t h e y v a r y s o m e w h a t i n d e t a i l design, p a r t i c u l a r l y i n the use of poppet -va lves . I n w o r k i n g o r d e r , e n g i n e a n d t e n d e r we igh 1 7 2 i tons . T h e c o a l - b u r n i n g engines of th i s a n d s i m i l a r types i n I n d i a are h a n d l e d b y a crew of three . (No . 36)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E . Bengal'Nagpur Railway, India.

A l t h o u g h general ly c o n f o r m i n g i n d e t a i l to the I n d i a n State R a i l w a y s ' l a r g e s t s t a n d a r d express locomot ives of the same gauge a n d wheel ar rangement , these b ig 5 f t . 6 in . -gauge B e n g a l -N a g p u r R a i l w a y locomot ives are designed on the De Glehn comp o u n d system. T h e y are 4 -6 -2 ' s employed on the heaviest passenger traf f ic , i n c l u d i n g the Ca l c u t t a - B o m b a y Mai ls , w h i c h t h e y w o r k over the section between H o w r a h s t a t i o n , Ca l cu t ta , a n d N a g p u r . Steam is first used i n a pa i r of high-pressure cy l inders outside the frames, t h e n passes t o the large low-pressure c y l i n d e r s a r r a n g e d b e t w e e n t h e frames. I n w o r k i n g order, one of these engines weighs 105 tons, a n d t h e t e n d e r ( l o a d e d ) , 6 5 * tons. (No . 37)

D I E S E L - E L E C T R I C P A S S E N G E R L O C O M O T I V E , Royal Siamese State Railways.

T h e I ieavy-oU engine is being increasingly used i n r a i l service, and i n a d d i t i o n t o m a n y rai lcars a n d h i g h - s p e e d l i g h t - w e i g h t Diesel t ra ins , there are to -day Diesel locomotives o f considerable size and powder a t w o r k . T h e example i l l u s t r a t e d is employed on m a i n - l i n e service i n S iam. I t weighs 87 tons a n d replaces a steam locomot ive a n d tender of about the same t o t a l we ight . The service w o r k e d is the Siamese section of the B a n g k o k - S i n g a p o r e I n t e r n a t i o n a l e x p r e s s , h i t h e r t o r e q u i r i n g f o u r l o c o mot ives for the var ious sections, b u t n o w w o r k e d right t h r o u g h between B a n g k o k a n d the border a t Padang Besar b y the one o i l -engined locomot ive . (No. 38)

C I G A R E T T E S

DIESEL-ELECTRIC PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE. ROYAL SIAMESE STATE RLYS. IN

M I X E D - T R A F F I C L O C O . , Canton-Hankow Rly., China. T h o u g h i t m a y be t h o u g h t t h a t

the locomotives used o n the r a i l ways of far-of f China are n o t representat ive of the most u p -to -date types , such is far f r o m being the case. The p r o d u c t of a B r i t i s h f i r m , a n d designed for t h e 4 f t . 8^ i n . g a u g e , t h i s t h o r o u g h l y m o d e r n 4 - 8 - 4 engine alone weighs j u s t u n d e r 116 tons i n w o r k i n g order . T h e tender , we igh ing 77 tons complete , carries 111 tons of coal and 6,600 gallons of water . These engines, w h i c h are h a n d l e d e n t i r e l y b y C h i n e s e , h a v e been b u i l t f o r w o r k i n g b e t w e e n C a n t o n a n d H a n k o w , a distance of a p p r o x i m a t e l y 670 mi les , a n d some have been loaned f o r service on the N a n k i n g - S h a n g h a i R a i l w a y . ( N o . 39) '

s C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. I LWAYS OF JAPAN

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , Imperial Govt. Rlys. of Japan.

A m o n g the highest scheduled speeds i n the w o r l d o n the 3 f t . 6 i n . g a u g e a r e t h o s e o f t h e T o k i o - K o b e expresses o f the Japanese I m p e r i a l G o v e r n m e n t R a i l w a y s . T h e best t r a i n s i n c l u d e d i n i n g a n d o b s e r v a t i o n cars b y d a y , and sleeping cars b y n i g h t . R'uns of 115 miles are covered non-stop a t an average speed as h i g h as 46 m . p . h . T h i s Japanese-bui l t 4 - 6 - 2 engine is one of the latest " C 5 3 " class t h r e e - c y l i n d e r n o n - c o m p o u n d " P a c i f i e s , " w i t h 5 f t . 9 i n . -d iameter coupled wheels, a n d weighs ( w i t h tender) 128 tons. Some of the Japanese expresses bear p i c t u r e s q u e n a m e s , t h e E n g l i s h t rans lat ions be ing " T h e Cherry F l o w e r s , " " T h e Swal l ow L i m i t e d , " etc. (No . 40)

s W l L L S - s C I G A R E T T E S

HEAVY PASSENGER LOCO. - S I R GEO, MURRAY." S. AUSTRALIAN GOVT. RLYS.

H E A V Y PASSENGER LOCO. " S I R G E O R G E M U R R A Y . "

South Australian Govt. Rlys. A n interes t ing feature of these

large E n g h s h - b u i l t , mechani c a l l y - f i r e d 4 - 8 - 4 l ocomot ives is t h a t a l t h o u g h cons t ruc ted for 5 f t . 3 in.-gauge service, t h e y have been so designed t o a l l ow of conversion to 4 f t . 8 J i n . gauge should this be r e q u i r e d . W h e n new t h e y h a d o n l y t w o smal l wheels under the cab end , b u t th is has been a l tered t o a four-wheeled t r u c k to w h i c h a booster or smal l a u x i l i a r y engine has been appl ied to g ive greater power for s t a r t i n g and at l ow speeds. These engines as a l t e red weigh 232 tons, i n c l u d i n g an 84-t o n tender. T h e i r dut ies inc lude t h e h a u l i n g o f t h e A d e l a i d e -Melbourne expresses. (No. 41)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E , New Zealand Government Rlys.

Since 1932, p r o v i s i o n has been made for the c ons t ruc t i on o f a t o t a l of t h i r t y of these 3 f t . 6 i n . -gauge 4 - 8 - 4 engines a t the N e w Zealand G o v e r n m e n t R a i l w a y s ' w o r k s h o p s . One s u c h e n g i n e w e i g h s , c o m p l e t e w i t h 5 1 - t o n tender, a t o t a l of j u s t under 138 tons, .and develops a b o u t 85 per cent , m o r e power t h a n the pre v ious s t a n d a r d " ' Paci fie'' passen -g e r e n g i n e . W h e r e v e r t w o engines together were prev ious ! v required , one of these new " K " class l o c o m o t i v e s h a n d l e s t h e t r a f f i c u n a i d e d . T h e y h a v e proved themselves v e r y econoni -i ca l a n d , w i t h t h e i r 4 f t . 6 i n . coupled wheels, w e l l su i ted t o the heav i ly -graded sections of the N o r t h I s l a n d m a i n t r u n k route . (.\'o. 42)

E X P R E S S L O C O M O T I V E . Canadian Natiofial Railways. A l t h o u g h n o t t h e l a r g e s t

pxpress engines on the Canadian N a t i o n a l R a i l w a y s , t h i s t y p e does a great deal of useful w o r k on b o t h m a i n l ine long-distance passenger and on f re ight traf f ic , p a r t i c u l a r l y on the more easily-graded sections of the system. These 4 - 6 - 4 engines have done excel lent w o r k w i t h the " I n t e r n a t i o n a l L i m i t e d " express. T h i s t r a i n r u n s be tween M o n t r e a l , Canada, and Chicago, U.S .A . , a n d except for the short elect r i c a l l y - h a u l e d section under the r i v e r between Sarnia and H u r o n , i s s t e a m - h a u l e d t h r o u g h o u t . These engines are mechanica l ly fired a n d , w i t h t h e i r tenders, i n w o r k i n g order , weigh about 330 tons. (No . 43)

W I L L S - s C I G A R E T T E S y

EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE, CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS

s

H E A V Y P A S S E N G E R 8: F R E I G H T L O C O M O T I V E ,

Canadian Pacific Railway.

T h i s p o w e r f u l o i l - b u r n i n g 2 - 1 0 - 4 t w o - c y l i n d e r l o comot ive is one of a series used for h a u l i n g t h e C a n a d i a n P a c i f i c ' s h e a v y passenger and f re ight t ra ins over the m o u n t a i n sections i n W e s t e r n Canada. W i t h tender c omplete , i n w o r k i n g order, t h i s class weighs 336 tons, and as m a n y as f our of these engines m a y be used a t i n t e r v a l s on a 3,500-t o n f re ight t r a i n a long the 20 miles of 1 i n 40 grades u p to G l a c i e r S u m m i t . A s l i g h t l y heavier version of th i s class, con -s ist ing so f a r of one l o comot ive o n l y . N o . 8000 is a t h r e e - c y l i n der c o m p o u n d a n d uses steam a t 850 l b . pressure. (No . 44)

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c c z n


HEAVY PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE. CANADIAN PACIFIC RLY.

A R T I C U L A T E D H E A V Y F R E I G H T L O C O M O T I V E , Northern Pacific Rly., U.S.A.

C l a i m e d t o be t h e l a r g e s t l o c o m o t i v e i n the w o r l d , t h i s r e m a r k a b l e 2 - 8 - 8 - 4 1 2 5 - f t . engine, h a v i n g sixteen coupled wheels, weighs ( w i t h i t s 179-ton tender) a t o t a l of 4 9 8 i tons. I t has a p a i r of cy l inders on the leading end of each of the t w o f lexible engine u n i t s u p o n w h i c h the boi ler , smoke-box and cab section rest, i n accordance w i t h the M a l l e t p r i n c i p l e o f a r t i c u l a t e d c o n s t r u c t i o n . T h i s huge e n g i n e w a s d e s i g n e d t o h a u l f re ight t r a i n s o f 4 , 0 0 0 tons w e i g h t over the h e a v y 216-raiIe section between M a n d a n , N o r t h D a k o t a a n d G l e n d i v e , M o n t a n a . T h e m'-.chanical stoker can feed 20 tons of coal au hour . (No. -15)

y

W I L L S ' S C I G A R E T T E S y

ARTICULATED REIGMT LOCO,. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY. U.S.A.'

BSD W I L L S - S C I G A R E T T E S

EXPRESS PASSENGER LOCO.. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY. U.S.A.

•zap i

E X P R E S S P A S S E N G E R L O C O M O T I V E .

Northern Pacific Rly., U.S.A. F o r w o r k i n g heavy t h r o u g h

passenger and special t ra ins over the 906 miles between Jamest o w n , N . D . , a n d Missoula, M o n t . —one of the longest runs i n the w o r l d on w h i c h the same steam locomot ive is used t h r o u g h o u t , and i n c l u d i n g some heavy m o u n t a i n g r a d e s — t h e N o r t h e r n Pacific R a i l r o a d uses these 180-t o n 4~8~4 engines, w h i c h have 1 7 3 - t o n t e n d e r s . F i r i n g is b y means of a mechanica l stoker c a p a b l e o f f e e d i n g a p p r o x i m a t e l y H i tons of coal an h o u r on t o the U S - s q . f t . grate . T h e m a i n f r a m i n g of these engines, together w i t h the t w o cyhnders a n d c e r t a i n o ther detai ls , consists of a single cast ing we igh ing j u s t over 35 tons. (No. 46)


r STREAMLINED LOCO. " COMMODORE VANDERBILT. " N.Y.C. RAILROAD, U.S.A.

S T R E A M L I N E D L O C O M O T I V E " C O M M O D O R E V A N D E R B I L T , "

N.Y.C. Railroad, U.S.A.

One of the w e l l - k n o w n " H u d s o n " t y p e 4 - 6 - 4 express locom o t i v e s of the N e w Y o r k C e n t r a l L ines has been covered w i t h a s t reaml ine cowling. , A t speeds of 70 t o 90 m . p . h . i t is ca l cu lated t h a t t h e s t r e a m l i n i n g decreases the a i r resistance b y about 30 per cent. I n a d d i t i o n , enclosing the cy l inders and pipes gives p r o t e c t i o n f r o m heat losses, an i m p o r t a n t cons iderat ion i n the severe weather experienced i n N o r t h A m e r i c a . Ro l l er bearings a r e used e x t e n s i v e l y i n t h i s engine, w h i c h is employed o n the crack " T w e n t i e t h C e n t u r y L i m i t e d , " an express o p e r a t i n g on a 16^-hour schedule be tween N e w Y o r k a n d Chicago (960 miles) . (No . 47)

S'^ C I G A R E T T E S

DIESEL-ELECTRIC TRAIN "BURLINGTON ZEPHYR. ' C.B. & Q, RAILROAD. U.S.A.

D I E S E L - E L E C T R I C T R A I N " B U R L I N G T O N Z E P H Y R . " C.B. &Q. Railroad. U.S.A.

I n order t o recapture l o n g distance traff ic f r o m road and a i r t r a n s p o r t , a n d t o effect m o r e economical opera t i on , the r a i l ways of the U .S .A . are a c q u i r i n g s t r e a m l i n e d D i e s e l t r a i n s . E x a m p l e s are the stainless steel " Z e p h y r s " on the Chicago, B u r l i n g t o n a n d Q u i n c y R a i l r o a d , t w o of w h i c h w o r k a double t r i p p e r d a y e a c h b e t w e e n Chicago a n d St . Pau l , a r o u n d d i s t a n c e o f 862 m i l e s . O t h e r Diesel t ra ins are a t w o r k i n the U .S .A . , G e r m a n y , I t a l y , France , D e n m a r k , B e l g i u m a n d H o l l a n d . A t o p speed of 120 m . p . h . is c red i ted t o a Diesel t r a i n , a n d i n G e r m a n y t h e y regu lar ly r u a a t 100-104 m . p . h . (No . 48)

A R T I C U L A T E D EXPRESS L O C O M O T I V E ,

San Paulo (Brazilian) Railway. E m p l o y e d o n t h e p r i n c i p a l

expresses b e t w e e n S a n P a u l o a n d J u n d i a h y , these 185 - t on B e y e r - G a r r a t t 4 - 6 - 2 - t - 2 - 6 - 4 engines were the first of t h e i r type to be employed for express p a s s e n g e r w o r k . T h e y h a v e coupled wheels 5 f t . 6 i n . i n d iameter , a n d a separate pa i r of cy l inders d r i v i n g on t o each of the t w o swiveUing engine u n i t s , between w h i c h the bo i ler is carr i e d . T h e 40-mi le j o u r n e y , i n c l u d i n g 1 i n 40 grades a n d sharp curves, is completed i n a booked t i m e of 60 mins . , w i t h t ra ins of steel coaches w e i g h i n g u p t o 500 tons. These large engines, r u n n i n g on the 5 f t . 3 i n . gauge, w o r k w i t h equal f a c i l i t y i n e i ther d i r e c t i o n w i t h o u t being t i i r n e d . ( N o . 49)

3SS W I L L S ' S C I G A R E T T E S

ARTICULATED EXPRESS LOCOMOTIVE. SAN PAULO (BRAZILIAN) RAILWAY s

H E A V Y F R E I G H T L O C O . . Buenos Ayres & Pacific

Railway, Argentina, These p o w e r f u l 2 - 8 - 2 e i ght -

coupled, h e a v y - d u t y " M i k a d o " locomotives have the d i s t i n c t i o a Of being the biggest o r d i n a r y -type engines i n S o u t h A m e r i c a . I n w o r k i n g order t h e y we igh , w i t h the i r 8 6 i - t o n tenders c a r r y ing 7,700 gallons of w a t e r and 15 tons of fue l , a t o t a l o f 205 tons. T h e y r u n on the 5 f t . 6 i n . gauge, hauUng f re ight t ra ins of 1,600 tons over the heav i ly -graded sect i o n of the B . A . P . m a i n l ine b e t w e e n L a Paz a n d J u s t o D a r a c t , a s t re t ch of 167 miles . T o assist the fireman i n keeping the f ire-grate adequate ly fed w i t h fue l , a pusher device is used on the tender, w h i c h moves the coal f o r w a r d t o the shovel -plate o p e n i n g o n t h e f o o t - p l a t e . (No . 50)

W I L L S - S C I G A R E T T E S y

HEAVY FREIGHT LOCO., BUENOS AYRES & PACIFIC RLY., ARGENTINA

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