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CASE STUDY : BEIJING SOUTH RAILWAY STATION ANUSHPRA SINGH A/2155/2009 | PRASHANT KUMAR A/2160/2009 SNEHALATA A/2150/2009

Beijing railway railway atation

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Page 1: Beijing railway railway atation

CASE STUDY : BEIJING SOUTH RAILWAY STATIONANUSHPRA SINGH A/2155/2009 | PRASHANT KUMAR A/2160/2009 SNEHALATA A/2150/2009

Page 2: Beijing railway railway atation

overview

“one of the largest roofs in the world to create column free spaces for the platforms at the railway station”

NAME: BEIJING SOUTH RAILWAY STATION

LOCATION: BEIJING, CHINA

TOTAL FLOOR AREA: 144190M2

CONTEXT:

• one of the capital‟s six major rail station• lies between the second and the third

ring roads in Fengtai district• some 0.5km from the old station that it

supersedes• new station is lies within one of these

“square” grids on 94ha of gazette railway land

• lies roughly 3km south-west of the temple of Heaven complex, the proximity of which was to have a bearing on the visual appearance of the main canopy roofs.

BSS is one of the China’s (and Asia’s) largest railway stations, it caters for suburban trains within greater Beijing, regular-speed trains to numerous mainland cities, two underground mass transit lines, and high-speed trains to other cities as far as south as Guangzhou and thence to Hong Kong. Accommodating 450m high-speed and 550m suburban trains, the roof covers some 12500m2 – Beijing National Stadium would be easily contained within the footprint.

Page 3: Beijing railway railway atation

FUTURISTIC DESIGN

• design has strong cultural origins

and adheres to the axes of Beijing’s

planning which fit well within

• the largest station project in China

• design concept comes from the

Chinese decorative knotted cross,

an important cultural object

• Its shape and colour have

influenced every area of the design

concept, maintaining an idea that is

wholly cultural and wholly Chinese.

• the original cultural concept, to

the selective use of colours and the

subtle borrowing of traditional

Chinese architectural

Weston Williamson Architects

a large railway station (mainly serving high speed trains) in Fengtai

District, Beijing, about 7.5 km (4.7 mi) south of central Beijing, between

the 2nd and 3rd ring roads. The station in its present form opened on 1

August 2008 and replaced the old Beijing South station, originally known

as the Majiapu Railway Station, later renamed the Yongdingmen Railway

Station, which stood 500 metres away. The old station was in use from

1897 to 2006.

The new Beijing South Railway Station is the city's largest station, and is

the one of the largest in Asia. It joins the main Beijing Railway Station and

the Beijing West Railway Station as one of three main passenger rail hubs

in the Chinese capital. It serves as the terminus for high-speed trains on

the Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Rail and the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed

Railway, which can reach speeds up to 350 km/h (217 mph). Some CRH

night sleepers to and from Shanghai also depart from (or arrive at) this

station.

The station integrates a Beijing Subway station, bus hubs (including an

airport shuttle bus), and taxi stands, into the same building, and includes a wide variety of restaurants in the station itself.

INTRODUCTION

design

Page 4: Beijing railway railway atation

CONCEPT

The „Hall for Prayer for a Good Harvest‟

in the Temple of Heaven complex,

built during the reign of Emperor

Zhengtong (1436-1449). Elevated on

three white marble circular terraces,

the temple has a triple set of conical

roofs over a round building – a form

unique in Chinese architecture. The

new roof shape for BSS gained MoR

approval, and TSDI/TFP set about the

challenging task of preparing the

overall station design for rapid

completion in time for the 2008

Olympics.

FORM

TSDI/TFP had conceptualised the roof

to follow the “Temple of Heaven” motif.

This kept the overall oval shape, split

into two halves by the separate large-

span flat-topped roof over the central

departure hall area, with each half

reflecting the Temple of Heaven

silhouette by being made up of three

long-span separate roofs with tilted

planes. With a metallic ribbed cladding,

this shape and surface was intended to

reflect the blue glazed tiled conical

roofs of the “Hall for Prayer for a Good

Harvest”.

An elevated road encloses the central check-in and departure hall and

serves as the arrivals and drop-off route for road transport. Beneath, at

street level, are 11 island and two side platforms giving 24 platform

edges, designed for a passenger throughout reaching almost 105m per

year by 2030, equating to daily flows of 286500 and peak hourly flows of

33280 passengers. Flexibility in the overall planning allows for increased

peak flows at festivals such as Chinese New Year and Golden Week.

Beneath the platform zone at the first basement level is the interchange

hall, catering for some 87000 people per day transferring to other

transport modes such as taxis, buses and private cars. These are 52 taxi

pick-up and drop-off bays with 138 queuing spaces, 38 bus bays with 48

queuing spaces, and a 909-space car park.

Below again are two mass transit lines, each with a 120m long island

platform arrangement skewed to the at-grade railway lines.

FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS

concept

Page 5: Beijing railway railway atation

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION TRANSPORTATION

The terminus occupies a 32 hectare site in Fengtai. The enormous oval-shaped

station was designed by the British architect firm of Sir Terry Farrell and Partners in

collaboration with the Tianjin Design Institute.[5] It was built from more than 60,000

tons of steel and 490,000 cubic meters of concrete by 4,000 workers in less than

three years. The glass ceiling is outfitted with 3,246 solar panels to generate

electricity. The structure spreads out like a ray or trilobite and covers 320,000 square

meters, more than the Beijing National Stadium's 258,000 m2. Its 24 platforms have

the capacity to dispatch 30,000 passengers per hour or 241,920,000 a year. The

251,000 m2 waiting area can accommodate 10,000 passengers.

On the elevated departures concourse, there are designated waiting areas and

VIP lounges (with better seating and, in the lounges, free food and snacks) for

passengers travelling in CRH Business Class, and a number of restaurants and

corner shops. There are also a number of ticket counters (where nationwide

ticketing services are available) and an increasing number of retail stores and fast

food stalls. Ticket machines are available to holders of the PRC ID card and sell

tickets for trains departing from this station. 23 boarding gates despatch

passengers onto trains. The arrivals level is underground, with 8 arrival gates

situated in the immediate vicinity of the Beijing Subway station concourse. To the

sides are two taxi stands, and separated West and East parking lots for private cars

(including a mezzanine level). Express entrances have been built, and are

presently in use for all C trains to Tianjin, as well as some trains to Shanghai. Ticket

machines and a few ticket counters are also available at the arrivals level. As with

the departures level, a variety of restaurants and corner shops are also available at

the arrivals level. Two floors below the arrivals level are the platforms for Lines 4 and

14, respectively, with only Line 4 services available at present. Construction began

immediately after services ended at the old station. The station was complete for

the 1 August 2008 reopening. In 2011 and 2012, new restaurants, fast food stalls,

and corner shops were added. To cut queues, traditional counters at the arrival

level were replaced with ticket machines.

The entire transportation system is integrated with the station itself.

Beijing Subway: Beijing South Railway Station - Line 4.

Beijing Bus stops:

Beijing South Railway Station :381 458

Beijing South Railway Station North Square: 20 84 102 106 203 458

Beijing South Railway Station South Square : 72 208 529 652 665 特5 特8Beijing Airport Bus: Route 10

Bus routes in bold have a terminus at the stop.

The current Line 14 services do not yet call at this station; they end at Xiju

station.

As of 2012, Beijing South Station is the terminal for two CRH railway lines.

The Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway has frequent service to Tianjin (C trains).

The Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway runs G and D trains

to Ji'nan, Nanjing, and Shanghai, with several trains continuing

to Hangzhou and Ningbo, and one (G55) to Fuzhou. This railway also has

services to Qingdao (via the Jiao'ao–Jinan branch) and Hefei (via the Bengbu–

Hefei branch). Since July 2013, travel time to Hangzhou has been cut by one

hour for services that skip Shanghai.

Beijing South services the world's third fastest train (after the Shanghai Airport

Express Train and some faster trains of the Shinkansen).

TRAINS

construction