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An Age of Limits Mr. Bermudez and Ms. Kypers
32:1 The Nixon Administration Summarize Nixon’s plans to lead the nation on a
more conservative course
Analyze Nixon’s efforts to win the support of Southern Democrats
Describe the steps Nixon took to battle stagflation
Examine the importance of Nixon’s visits to the Soviet Union and China
Nixon’s New Conservatism New Federalism: Nixon’s plan to distribute a
portion of federal power to the state and local governments.
Revenue Sharing: state and local governments could spend their federal dollars however they saw fit within certain limitations. AKA
State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act: 1972 law which enforced the revenue sharing.
Welfare Reform Nixon viewed welfare as cumbersome and
inefficient.
Family Assistance Plan: Every family of four with NO outside income would receive a basic federal check of $1,600 and could earn up to $4,000 Must take job training Must accept any reasonable work offered to them
Failed due to lack of support
New Federalism Wears Two Faces Needs to get support from Democrats in Congress
Supports increase in government spending for social programs Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid
Tried to get rid of Job Corps, defund Housing and Urban Development (HUD), used Impoundment to not fund 100 programs- $15 billion
Law and Order Politics Issues with Vietnam protests
Help the “silent majority”
Ordering wiretaps- Left wing/Democratic party members
“Personal enemies” list
Dissidents against government policies
Nixon’s Southern Strategy Won by slim margin in 1968
Needs to build a stronger coalition
Southern Strategy: Attract southern conservative Democrats. Playing off unhappiness of with federal desegregation and liberal Supreme Court
Nixon Slows Integration “There are those who want instant integration and
those who want segregation forever. I believe we need to have a middle course between the two extremes”
Slowed integration in Mississippi and South Carolina Violated Brown v. BOE II “with all deliberate speed”
NAACP filed suit and by 1972 90% of south desegregated was 20% in 1969
Nixon opposed extension of Voting Rights Act 1965
Controversy Over Busing Swan v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg: school
districts may bus students to other schools to end pattern of all black and all white schools
“I am not against any individual child. I am not a racist, no matter what those high-and-mighty suburban liberals with their picket signs say. I just wont have my children bussed to some… slum school, and I don’t want children from God knows where coming over here.”
Battle Over Supreme Court Warren Court is too liberal
Four Justices leave the bench for retirement
Need to change the face of Supreme Court by adding conservatives
Swings court in more conservative direction
26th Amendment Lowering voting age to 18 years old
Why?
America Walks on the Moon July 20th, 1969
Neil Armstrong
How would this event make Americans feel?
Walk on the Moon Project Due Monday
Create a personal story of someone living in 1969 Create or use someone's personal story of what they
were doing when the first man walked on the moon Must have details of their life where they are from,
what they do, why they do or do not feel it is significant
Must have a script written out Video record the interview You may work with ONE OTHER PERSON, or by
yourself Send all videos by Monday to
Confronting Stagnant Economy Stagflation: between 1967 and 1973 nation had
high inflation and high unemployment
Inflation caused by Vietnam War and social programs- deficit spending
Competition in international trade
Flood of new workers
Heavy dependence on foreign oil
Confronting Stagnant Economy US gets oil from middle east
Part of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
1960’s cartel raises oil prices
1973 Yom Kippur War breaks out- Israel vs. Egypt and Syria
US supports Israel with massive military aid
OPEC cuts off all oil sale to the U.S=quadrupling price
Nixon Battles Stagflation Raise taxes and cut spending- Congress did not
agree
Raise interest rates = mild recession
Froze all wages and prices (slowed inflation)
Nixon’s Foreign Policy Triumphs
Nixon likes foreign affairs
Desire to gain peace with honor
Made advances in American-Soviet and American-Chinese relations
Kissinger and Realpolitik Henry Kissinger: Nixon’s advisor for national
security affairs, later Secretary of State
Realpolitik: “political realism” based on consideration of power, not on ideals or moral principles
Ends confrontational containment policy-recognizing communist governments
Détente: policy aimed at easing Cold War tensions one example is visit to China 1972
Nixon Visits China USA never recognized China’s communist
government
Nixon wanted to “seek the normalization of relations between the two countries”
Visit was a success with American public
Opened diplomatic and economic relations
Both agree to never dominate pacific and cooperate in settling disputes, scientific and cultural exchanges, reunite Taiwan with Mainland
Nixon Travels to Moscow Nixon is the first American president in Soviet
Union
Also a success with American public
Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT): Nixon and Brezhnev meet and sign SALT I Treaty which would limit the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs)
“peace is at hand”
Watergate: Nixon’s DownfallSection 2 Analyze how Nixon and his advisors sought to
increase the power of the presidency
Summarize the details of the Watergate burglary
Describe how the Watergate scandal was uncovered
Explain why the House Judiciary Committee voted to impeach Nixon and analyze the impact of Watergate on American politics
President Nixon and His White House