American Imperialism

American Activism Abroad

                                                 

           

Frederick Jackson Turner: The Significance of the Frontier in American History, 1893

• America’s unique development rooted in the frontier past

• Vast expanse of “free” land

• Reaching Pacific meant looking overseas for “frontier”

• Attacked immigration from S. & E. Europe

• Dollar Diplomacy• http://www.schooltube.com/video/3c0f20ffce0fca65c463/Doll

ar-Diplomacy

Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Influence of Seapower upon History

• Seapower essential to national greatness

• Britain a prime example

• McKinley & Roosevelt

• Expand overseas – bases for navy – protect Commerce

Acquisition of Hawaiihttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeOj9Dt75pQ

• Hawaiian League – 400 members, mostly American businessmen

• Bayonet Constitution 1886 – curtailed monarch’s power

• 1893 Bloodless coup – Queen steps down (American Troops)

• 1898 U.S. annexed

Sanford Dole

Queen Lili’uokalani

Cuba in Cartoons 1890s

American self image

Jose Marti

The Splendid Little War: 1898http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JYFJU3ZJLM

• Spanish-American Cuban War over in 4 months

• Yellow journalism – “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war.” Hearst

U.S.S. MaineRough Riders

U.S. Gains

America: An imperial power

                                                                                                                         

PHILIPPINESHTTP://GLENCOE.COM/SITES/COMMON_ASSETS/SOCIALSTUDIES/IN_MOTION_10/TAV/TAV_499.SWF

•The United States, by title of purchase in the 1898 Treaty of Paris, bought the Philippines from Spain, for US$20,000,000. •It also bought itself a war, in the name of Benevolent Assimilation. •The war lasted three years, and cost the Americans 10,000 casualties and US $600 million. Some 16,000 soldiers were killed in battle. About 200,000 Filipino civilians succumbed to pestilence, disease, and crossfire during the war.

Emilio AguinaldoFilipino Rebel Leader

Open Door – Asia: 400,000,000 potential

consumers in China alone

John Hay & the Open Door Policy 1899

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wFjjdMHv2A

• All nations to be allowed access to Chinese market

• All nations were to have equal trading rights

• Europeans had already carved up China

Boxer Rebellion - 1900

A man, a plan, a canal, Panamahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tw5NMo_u-oA

Acquiring the rights•Roosevelt & Panamanian business interests conspire•Colombians bribed to lay down weapons•1903 Panamanian revolt•U.S. cruiser right off shore•Hay-Buneau-Varilla treaty 10 million to Panamanians – 10 mile swath renewable 99 year lease

•French precede Americans – lose money & lives•Americans acquire rights for 40 million•Start negotiating with Colombia•Offered 10 mil. Cash and ¼ million annually•Colombia wanted more

Building the Canal

• 1906-1909 preliminary construction, surveys, disease control (1/3 of the French force died of Yellow Fever)

Building the Canal

Thousands of West Indian LaborersT.R. visits the Canal Zone

45,000 Recruited Contract Workers

Roosevelt Corollary

U.S. Intervention in Latin America

Green = protectorate

Blue = occupation