American food stereotypes - ULisboarepositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/3884/13/ulfl... · III Annexe number two Topic/ Theme: Young people and consumerism/American food stereotypes

Andy Warhol, Five Coke Bottles, 1962.

Annexes

Topic: Young people and consumerism.

Theme: American food stereotypes.

11th

grade – Level VII

Lesson nr. 20 - 2nd

November, 2009.

II

Annexe number one

Topic/ Theme: Young people and consumerism/American food

stereotypes.

11th

grade – Level VII

Lesson nr. 20 - 2nd

November, 2009

Andy Warhol, Five Coke Bottles ,1962.

Andy Warhol: A Retrospective. Edited by K. McShine. New York: The Museum of Modern Art., 1989, p.

202.

(Biblioteca de Arte, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian).

III

Annexe number two


stereotypes.

11th

grade – Level VII

Lesson nr. 20 - 2nd

November, 2009

A Historical Menu1

1900

1800

1700

1600

1500

Middle

English

Old English

Food

Hamburger

Ice cream, sandwich

Yoghurt

Chocolate, caviar, potato, turkey

Mushroom

Bacon, biscuit, toast, ham, veal, mustard, beef,

mutton, cheese

Butter, fish, bread

Drink

Coca Cola

soda water

Whisky

Tea, coffee

Ale, beer, wine, water

1 David Crystal. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of English Language (1995), Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press, 2003, 137.

IV

Handout number one

School: Colégio Militar

School year: 2009/2010

11th

Grade – Level VII

Teacher Trainer: Dr. António Figueiredo

Teacher Trainee: M. da Conceição Seixas

Name: Number:

Date:

Comprehension Worksheet


1. When you think of American food and drink stereotypes, what comes

immediately to your mind? Support your answer, bearing in mind your previous

knowledge about consumerism habits and attitudes of the target language

people.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

2. Coca-cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending

machines internationally, simply referred as Coke. Do you think that Coca-

V

Cola’s advertising and pictures like the one depicted above have significantly

represented American culture? State your reasons.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

3. In your opinion, what did the artist mean by depicting five bottles of coca-cola?

Justify your answer.

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________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

4. Try to identify a food stereotype related to your own culture and support your

answer.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

5. Sometimes stereotypes can be harmful. Explain why and give an example.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

(Activity devised by the teacher).

VI

Handout number two



11th

Grade – Level VII



Name: Number:

Date :

Reading and Comprehension Worksheet

Read the following text very carefully:

“On the way back from New Haven we were driving along the

Housatonic(*). It was a beautiful day. We stopped to have dinner but the

restaurants at the river’s edge turned out not to be restaurants at all but dark,

run-down bars with, curiously, no views of the river. So we drove on to

Newtown, where we saw many cars parked around a restaurant that appeared

to have a colonial atmosphere. I said, “All those cars are a good sign. Let’s

eat there.” When we got in, we were in a large dining room with very few

people eating. The waitress seemed slightly giddy. David Tudor ordered

some ginger ale, and after quite a long time was served some Coca-Cola,

which he refused. Later we both ordered parfaits, mine was to be chocolate,

his to be strawberry. As the waitress entered the kitchen, she shouted, “Two

chocolate parfaits.” When David Tudor explained to her later that he had

ordered strawberry, she said, “They made some mistake in the kitchen.” I

said, “there must be another dining room in this building with a lot of people

eating in it.” The waitress said, “Yes. It’s downstairs and there are only two

of us for each floor and we keep running back and forth.”

VII

John Cage, Silence.

London: Calder and Boyars, 1973.

Selecção para Didáctica do Inglês, organizada por Joaquim Manuel Magalhães e José Sousa Gomes. Lisboa:

Faculdade de Letras, 1995/1996, p.17.

(*) - The Housatonic is a river, in western Massachusetts and western Connecticut in the United

States. (Internet source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housatonic River).

Now, answer the following questions:

1. Who are the main characters in this story and what were they looking for?

Account for your answer by quoting from the text.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

2. The narrator said : “All those cars are a good sign. Let’s eat there.” What do

you think he meant by this? Why didn’t they choose a restaurant at the river’s

edge? In your own country do people usually behave in the same way?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

3. From the following items, Coca Cola, chocolate and strawberry parfaits, ginger

ale, which do you think are or aren’t representative of American food

stereotypes? You may consult your dictionary or search the Internet to answer

this question.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housatonic%20River

VIII

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

4. In your opinion, what title can you suggest for this text? Account for your

answer.

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________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

5. Based on your previous knowledge about the subject, mark the following

statements either “true or false”. You may use your dictionary or search the

Internet to answer this question.

The bill in most restaurants in the USA includes a

service charge.

Popcorn is a typical kind of American food.

Steaks, hamburgers, high fat and high sugar food

items are common features of American cuisine.


IX

Handout number three



11th

Grade – Level VII



Name: Number:

Date :

Grammar File

Direct and Reported Speech

Verb and pronoun changes;

Person, place and time changes;

Wh-questions;

Reporting orders and requests;

Reporting offers and suggestions.

Direct Speech We can show that words are in direct speech by putting the original

words of the speaker in quotation marks: (John says: “All those cars are a good sign.

Let’s eat there.”).

When we don’t need or want to repeat the actual words of the speaker, we can use the

Reported Speech (John said (that) all those cars were a good sign. He suggested

eating there.).

We use the Reported speech to report the meaning of what was said, not the exact

words.

We use the Reported speech in a noun clause beginning with that or a wh-word (what,

where, when, etc.). In informal uses, we often omit that.

X

. Reporting what people said:

- Direct speech: John says: “All those cars are a good sign. Let’s eat there.”

- -> Reported speech: John said (that) all those cars were a good sign. He

suggested eating there.

. Reporting wh-questions:

- Direct speech: We ask: “Where can we eat cheese and bacon hamburgers?”

- -> Reported speech: We asked where we could eat cheese and bacon

hamburgers.

. Reporting orders and requests:

- Direct speech: She says: “Please, move this plate.”

- -> Reported speech: She told me to move that plate.

. Reporting offers and suggestions:

- Direct speech: You say: “Shall we go to a fast-food restaurant?”

- -> Reported speech: You suggested going to a fast-food restaurant

In indirect speech, we change the words that refer to the speaker's situation (I, my, this)

into words that reflect the different point of view of the person reporting (she, her, that).

We usually change words that refer to the place and the time of speaking to reflect the

point of view of the person reporting.

We also change pronouns to reflect the point of view of the person reporting.

XI

Person, Place and Time Changes

Person

I

my

He/she

His/Her

Place Here There

Time Now

Today

Yesterday

Tomorrow

This week

Last week

An hour ago

Then, at the time

That day, on Monday, etc.

The day before, the previous day

The next/following day, on Saturday, etc.

That week

The week before, the previous week

An hour before/earlier

Verb and pronoun changes

Direct speech Reported speech

Present simple

She says, "I’m hungry." ›

Past simple

She said she was hungry.

Present continuous

He says, "I'm drinking a coke" ›

Past continuous

He said he was drinking a coke.

Present perfect

They say, "We’ve been in the cafeteria since 4

o’clock."

›

Past perfect

They said they had been in the cafeteria

since 4 o’clock.

Present perfect continuous

You say, "I've been drinking coke for seven

years."

›

Past perfect continuous

You said you had been drinking coke for

seven years.

Past simple

We say, "We went to the coffee shop yesterday." ›

Past perfect

We said we had gone to the coffee shop

the day before.

Past continuous

She says, "I was drinking coke." ›


She said she had been drinking coke.

Past perfect

He says, "The meal had already started when he

arrived."

›

Past perfect

NO CHANGE - He said the meal had

already started when he arrived.


She says, "I had already been eating for five

minutes."

›


NO CHANGE - She said she had already

been eating for five minutes.

XII

Modals in Reported Speech:

We usually change modals:

can could

may might

will would

Note - There is no change to: could, would, should, might and ought to from direct to

reported speech.

We change shall to would in predictions and to should in offers or suggestions:

She says: ”I shall do it right away!”. She said that she would do it right away.

The waiter asks: “Shall I close the door?” The waiter asked if he should close the door.

We can use must or had to when we report that something was necessary:

He says: “You must do more!”.

He said we must do more!

Or

He said we had to do more.

In reporting we use verbs such as announce, answer, explain, mention, promise, reply,

say, suggest, tell, warn. The most common of these are say and tell.

Tell or say ?

We use tell if we want to mention the hearer (the person spoken to).

Eg.: She told me (that) David Tudor had ordered strawberry parfaits.

When we don’t mention the hearer, we use say.

Eg.: She said (that) David Tudor had ordered some ginger ale.

XIII

Wh-questions

We can report questions with verbs like ask, wonder or want to know:

Direct question

Reported question

John asks: “When did you start drinking

coca-cola, David?”

Someone says:” Which way is the

restaurant?”

We ask:”Where can we eat cheese and

bacon hamburgers?

John asked David when he started drinking

coca-cola.

Someone wanted to know which way the

restaurant is.

We asked where we could eat cheese and bacon

hamburgers.

Yes/No questions

Reported Yes/No questions have if or whether.

Direct Question

Reported Question

The clients ask: “Can we have lunch?”-

Yes of course.

The clients asked if/whether they could have

lunch.

Peter asks: “Is there a fast-food restaurant

nearby? – No.

Peter asked if/whether there was a fast-food

restaurant nearby.

Reported orders and requests We can use the structure tell/ask someone to do something:

Direct Speech Reported Speech

He says: “Please move this chair”. He told me to move that chair.

Teresa says: “Would you mind turning the

music down?”

Teresa asked the waiter to turn the music

down.

The negative is tell/ask someone not to do something:


He says:” You mustn’t leave the money

on the table!”.

He told me not to leave the money on the table.

John says:” Please, don’t drink more

beer!”

John asked me not to drink more beer.

XIV

We can also use the structure ask to, to do something:


The waitress says: “Can I see your bill,

please?”

The waitress asked to see my bill.

We ask for when someone asks for something:


I say:”Can I have a glass of water?” I asked (the waiter) for a glass of water.

Reported offers, suggestions, etc. We can use agree, offer, promise, refuse and threaten with a to-infinitive:


We say: “We’ll pay for the damage”.

We offered to pay for the damage.

You say:”I’ll definitely finish lunch in 15

minutes”.

You promised to finish lunch in 15 minutes.

We can also use an object + to-infinitive after advise, invite, remind and warn.


He says: “I think you should have a cup of

coffee.”

He advised me to have a cup of coffee.

I say: “Don’t forget to ring me.” I reminded him/her to ring me.

We can use an –ing form after admit, apologize for, insist on and suggest.


He says: “I really must eat out this

evening”.

He insisted on eating out that evening.

Claire says: “Shall we go to a fast-food

restaurant?”

Claire suggested going to a fast-food restaurant.

Admit that, insist that, etc.

We can use a clause with that after admit, advise, agree, insist, promise,

remind, suggest and warn.

He admitted (that) he had drunk too much.

She insisted (that) we all went round to her flat after coffee.

I warned you (that) this fast food restaurant is expensive.

(adapted from Eastwood, John. Oxford Practice Grammar: with answers. 1992.

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 318, 320, 322, 324, 326).

XV

Handout number four



11th

Grade – Level VII



Name: Number:

Date :

Vocabulary and Grammar Worksheet

Reported Speech: Practice

1. Based on what you have learnt so far about the grammar structure, put the following

passage taken from the text by John Cage, in the Reported Speech:

As the waitress entered the kitchen, she shouted, “Two

chocolate parfaits.” When David Tudor explained to her later

that he had ordered strawberry, she said, “They made some

mistake in the kitchen.” I said, “There must be another dining

room in this building with a lot of people eating in it.” The

waitress said, “Yes. It’s downstairs and there are only two of

us for each floor and we keep running back and forth.

John Cage, Silence.

XVI

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

2. Report the following sentences. They were all said last week. Use the verb in

brackets:

2. a) Tessa: “It was me. I ate all the chocolate ice cream yesterday.” (admit)

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

2. b) Simon to Susan: “Would you like to join me for lunch?”(invite)

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

2. c) Peter: “I really must leave the restaurant now.” (insist)

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

2.d) Adrian: “I’m sorry I was rude to the waiter.” (apologize)

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

(adapted from Eastwood, John. Oxford Practice Grammar: with answers. 1992.

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, p.329).

XVII

Handout number four



11th

Grade – Level VII



Name: Number:

Date :

Vocabulary and Grammar Worksheet

Reported Speech: correction

1. As the waitress entered the kitchen, she shouted asking for

two chocolate parfaits. When David Tudor explained to her

later he had ordered strawberry, she said they had made some

mistake in the kitchen. I said that there must be another dining

room in that building with a lot of people eating in it. The

waitress said yes, that it was downstairs, and here were only two

of them for each floor and they kept running back and forth.

John Cage, Silence.

XVIII

2.

2. a) Tessa: “It was me. I ate all the chocolate ice cream yesterday.” (admit).

Tessa admitted having eaten all the chocolate ice cream the day before.

2. b) Simon to Susan: “Would you like to join me for lunch?”(invite).

Simon invited Susan to join him for lunch.

2. c) Peter: “I really must leave the restaurant now.” (insist).

Peter insisted on leaving the restaurant then.

2.d) Adrian: “I’m sorry I was rude to the waiter.” (apologize).

Adrian apologized for having been rude to the waiter.

(adapted from Eastwood, John. Oxford Practice Grammar: with answers. 1992. Oxford:

Oxford University Press, 2005, p.329).

XIX

Annexe number three


stereotypes.

11th

grade – Level VII

Lesson nr. 20 - 2nd

November, 2009

LAYOUT OF A FORMAL LETTER

1. Sender’s address: Write your address in the top right hand corner of the letter;

2. Date: Put the date under your address. These are ways of writing the date:

- 15th

July 2010 or 15 July 2010;

3. Name and address of the person you are writing to: Write the name and

address of the person you are writing to in the left corner;

4. Initial greeting: Put a comma after the name of the person you are writing to:

- Dear Mr./Mrs. Brown,

- Dear Sir, Dear Madam, etc., if you don’t know the person you writing to,

5. Opening/Beginning of the letter: The first sentence or paragraph introduces the

letter and, if necessary, indicates the reason you are writing:

I am contacting you regarding ... Further to our conversation of ...

I am writing to complain about ... I would like to apply for ...

I would be grateful if you could ...

6. The paragraph or paragraphs in the middle of the letter should contain the

relevant information behind the writing of the letter;

7. Closing/Round the letter off with a paragraph in which you take your leave:

I look forward to your reply.

I look forward to hearing from you.

I look forward to seeing you.

I would appreciate your immediate attention to this matter.

8. Sign off:

Yours sincerely, when you know the recipient's name;

Yours faithfully, when the recipient's name is unknown to you.

XX

Sender’s address

Date

Name and address of the person you

are writing to

Initial greeting

Opening/Beginning of the letter

Body of the letter

Closing

Signature

XXI

Handout number five



11th

Grade – Level VII



Name: Number:

Date :

Written Production Worksheet


Imagine that your School Director has decided to expand the range of products you

can eat and drink over meals at school. Fast food and energetic drinks will now be

available in the School canteen.

It would be interesting to find out how you feel about such a decision. Now, bearing

in mind the learnt grammar structure and vocabulary, write a friendly letter to the

School Director, state the problem, make suggestions and propose a healthy Canteen

menu (lunch and snack items).

Write no less than 100 words, respecting the layout of a formal letter.

XXII


Don’t forget to mention:

Disadvantages of fast food versus advantages of healthy food;

Your feelings about the situation;

Your likes and dislikes regarding food;

Suggestions for a healthy Canteen menu (lunch and snack items):

- Starters (salad, soup, bread, butter, cheese, dressings);

- Main course - Hot dish (meat, fish, seafood, vegetarian meal);

- Snacks (rolls and sandwiches);

- Desserts (fruit, ice-cream, cookies);

- Cold and hot drinks (fruit juice, mineral water, milk, tea, coffee).

Documents

American food stereotypes - ULisboarepositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/3884/13/ulfl... · III Annexe number two Topic/ Theme: Young people and consumerism/American food stereotypes