Patala:

In Hindu cosmology, Patala or Patal (Sanskrit: पा�ता�ल, Pātāla) denotes the seven lower regions of the universe - which are located under the earth.[1][2][3] Patala is often translated as underworld or netherworld. Patala is composed of seven regions or lokas,[4][5][6] the seventh and lowest of them is also called Patala or Naga-loka, the region of the Nagas. The Danavas (demon sons of Danu), Daityas (demon sons of Diti), Yakshas and the snake-people Nagas live in the realms of Patala.[2] According to Hindu cosmology, the universe is divided into the three worlds: Svarga (Heaven: seven upper regions), Prithvi (earth) and Patala - the underworld and netherworld.

Description

Vishnu Purana tells of a visit by the divine wandering sage Narada to Patala. Narada describes Patala as

more beautiful than Svarga (heaven). Patala is described as filled with splendid jewels, beautiful groves

and lakes and lovely demon maidens. Sweet fragrance is in the air and is fused with sweet music. The

soil here is white, black, purple, sandy, yellow, stony and also of gold.[2][5]

The Bhagavata Purana calls the seven lower regions bila-svargas ("subterranean heavens") and they are

regarded as planets or planetary systems below the earth. These regions are described as being more

opulent than the upper regions of the universe, which include heaven. The life here is of pleasure, wealth

and luxury, with no distress. The demon architect Maya has constructed palaces, temples, houses, yards

and hotels for foreigners, with jewels. The natural beauty of Patala is said to surpass that of the upper

realms. There is no sunlight in the lower realms, but the darkness is dissipated by the shining of the

jewels that the residents of Patala wear. There is no old age, no sweat, no disease in Patala.[

Seven regions

God Vishnu sleeps on the coil-bed of the thousand-headed Naga Shesha, supports the seven realms of Patala and the

earth

According to the Vishnu Purana,[2] seventy thousand Yojanas (a unit of measurement) below the Earth's

surface lie the seven realms of Patala, which are located one above the other. Each of them extends ten

thousand Yojanas. In Vishnu Purana, they are named as from the highest to the lowest as: Atala, Vitala,

Nitala, Garbhastimat, Mahatala, Sutala and Patala. In Bhagavata Purana and Padma Purana, they are

called Atala, Vitala, Sutala, Talatala, Mahatala, Rasatala and Patala. The Vayu Purana calls them

Rasatala, Sutala, Vitala, Gabhastala, Mahatala, Sritala and Patala.[2]The seven Patalas as well as the

earth above them is supported on the head of the tamasic (dark) form of god Vishnu, the thousand-

headed serpent (Naga) Shesha.[2][4] Sometimes, Sesha is described to reside in the lowest region of

Patala, instead of below it.[7] Below the regions of Patala, lies Naraka, the Hindu Hell - the realm of death

where sinners are punished.[2]

Different realms of Patala are ruled by different demons and Nagas; usually with the Nagas headed by Vasuki assigned to the lowest realm.[2]Vayu Purana records each realm of Patala has cities in it. The first region has the cities of the daitya Namuchi and Naga Kaliya; in the second those of demon Hayagriva and Naga Takshaka; in the third, those of demon Prahlada and Hemaka; in the fourth of Kalanemi and Vainateya; in the fifth of Hiranyaksha and Kirmira and in the sixth, of Puloman and Vasuki. Bali rules the sovereign king of Patala.[2]

Bhagavata Purana presents a detailed description of the seven lower realms.[4][6] A similar description of

the seven Patalas also appears in theDevi Bhagavata Purana.[3] The summary of the description of these

realms as given in the above Puranas is as below:[3][4][6]

Atala is ruled by Bala - a son of Maya - who possesses mystical powers. By one yawn, Bala created three

types of women - svairiṇīs ("self-willed"), who like to marry men from their own group; kāmiṇīs ("lustful"),

who marry men from any group, and the puḿścalīs ("whorish"), who keep changing their partners. When

a man enters Atala, these women enchant him and serve him an intoxicating cannabis drink that induces

sexual energy in the man. Then, these women enjoy sexual play with the traveller, who feels to be

stronger than ten thousand elephants and forgets impending death.[3][4][6]

Vitala is ruled by the god Hara-Bhava - a form of Shiva, who dwells with attendant ganas including ghosts

and goblins as the master of gold mines. Here he enjoys sexual union with his consort Bhavani and their

sexual fluids flow as river Hataki here. When fire - fanned by wind - drinks from this river, it spits the water

out as a type of gold called Hataka. The residents of this realm are adorned with gold from this region.

Sutala is the kingdom of the pious demon king Bali. The dwarf avatar of Vishnu, Vamana tricked Bali -

who had conquered the three worlds - by begging for three paces of land and acquired the three worlds in

his three paces. Vamana pushed Bali to Sutala, but when Bali surrendered to Vishnu and gave away all

his belongings to him, Vishnu in return made Bali, richer than Indra, the god-king of heaven. Bali still

prays to Vishnu in this realm.

Talātala is the realm of the demon-architect Maya, who is well-versed in sorcery. Shiva, as Tripurantaka,

destroyed the three cities of Maya but was later pleased with Maya and gave him this realm and promised

to protect him.[3][4][6]

Mahātala is the abode of many-hooded Nagas (serpents) - the sons of Kadru, headed by

the Krodhavasha (Irascible) band of Kuhaka, Taksshaka, Kaliya and Sushena. They live here with their

families in peace but always fear Garuda, the eagle-man.[3][4][6]

Rasātala is the home of the demons - Danavas and Daityas, who are mighty but cruel. They are the

eternal foes of Devas (the gods). They live in holes like serpents.[3][4][6]

The lowest realm is called Patala or Nagaloka, the region of the Nagas, ruled by Vasuki. Here live several

Nagas with many hoods. Each of their hood is decorated by a jewel, whose light illuminates this realm

PATALA. [Source: Dowson's   Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology ] The infernal regions, inhabited by Nagas (serpents), Daityas, Danavas, Yakshas, and others. They are seven in number, and their names, according to the Vishna Purana, are Atala, Vitala, Nitala, Gabhastimat, Mahatala, Sutala, and Patala, but these name vary in different authorities. The PadmaPurana gives the names of the seven regions and their respective rulers as follow: -- (1.) Atala, subject to Mahamaya; (2.) Vitala, ruled by a form of Siva called Hatakeswara; (3.) Sutala, ruled by Bali ; (4.) Talatala, ruled by Maya; (5.) Mahatala, where reside the great serpents; (6.) Rasatala, where the Daityas and Danavas dwell; (7.) Patala, the lowermost, in whichVasuki reigns over the chief Nagas or snake-gods. In the Siva Purana there are eight: Patala, Tala, Atala, Vitala, Tala, Vidhipatala, Sarkarabhumi, and Vijaya. The sage Narada paid a visit to these regions, and on his return to the skies gave a glowing account of them, declaring them to be far more delightful than Indra's heaven, and abounding with every kind of luxury and sensual gratification.

Patala is a town and a nagar panchayat in Ghaziabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Patala: Hindu - Hinduism Dictionary on Chakra

chakra: (Sanskrit) "Wheel."

 

Any of the nerve plexes or centers of force and consciousness located within the inner bodies of man. In the physical body there are corresponding nerve plexuses, ganglia and glands.

 

The seven principal chakras can be seen psychically as colorful, multi-petaled wheels or lotuses. They are situated along the spinal cord from the base to the cranial chamber.

 

Additionally, seven chakras, barely visible, exist below the spine. They are seats of instinctive consciousness, the origin of jealousy, hatred, envy, guilt, sorrow, etc. They constitute the lower or hellish world, called Naraka or patala. Thus, there are 14 major chakras in all.

 

The seven upper chakras, from lowest to highest, are:

1)    muladhara chakra (base of spine): memory, time and space;

2)    svadhishthana chakra (below navel): reason;

3)    manipura chakra (solar plexus): willpower;

4)    anahata chakra (heart center): direct cognition;

5)    vishuddha chakra (throat): divine love;

6)    ajna chakra (third eye): divine sight;

7)    sahasrara chakra (crown of head): illumination, Godliness.

 

The seven lower chakras, from highest to lowest, are

1)    atala chakra (hips): fear and lust;

2)    vitala chakra (thighs): raging anger;

3)    sutala chakra (knees): retaliatory jealousy;

4)    talatala chakra (calves): prolonged mental confusion;

5)    rasatala chakra (ankles): selfishness;

6)    mahatala chakra (feet): absence of conscience;

7)    patala chakra (located in the soles of the feet): murder and malice.

See: pradakshina, Naraka, chakra, chakras

Patala: Hindu - Hinduism Dictionary on Three worlds

three worlds: The three worlds of existence, triloka, are the primary hierarchical divisions of the cosmos.

-       Bhuloka: "Earth world," the physical plane.

-       Antarloka: "Inner or in-between world," the subtle or astral plane.

-       Sivaloka: "World of Siva," and of the Gods and highly evolved souls; the causal plane, also called Karanaloka.

 

The three-world cosmology is readily found in Hindu scriptures. In the major Upanishads of the Vedas we find numerous citations, with interesting variations. Verse 1.5.17 of the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad states, "Now, there are, verily, three worlds, the world of men (Manushyaloka), the world of the fathers (Pitriloka) and the world of the Gods (Devaloka)..." Later, verse 6.2.15 refers to the two higher worlds as the Devaloka and the Brahmaloka. The Katha Upanishad, verse 2.3.8, omitting the world of men, lists the Pitriloka, the Gandharvaloka (world of genies or elementals) and the Brahmaloka (world of God). Another perspective of three worlds is offered in the Prashna Upanishad 3.8, which lists the world of good (Punyaloka), the world of evil (Papaloka) and the world of men (Manushyaloka).

 

Scriptures offer several other cosmological perspectives, most importantly seven upper worlds (sapta urdhvaloka) and seven lower worlds (sapta adholoka), which correspond to the 14 chakras and make up the "world-egg of God," the universe, called Brahmanda. The seven upper worlds are Bhuloka, Bhuvarloka, Svarloka, Maharloka, Janaloka, Tapoloka andSatyaloka. The second, third and fourth comprise the subtle plane. The highest three comprise the causal plane. The seven lower worlds, collectively known as Naraka or Patala, are (from highest to lowest) Put, Avichi, Samhata, Tamisra, Rijisha, Kudmala and Kakola. From the Saiva Agamic perspective of the 36 tattvas, the pure sphere, shuddha maya - the first five tattvas - is subdivided into 33 planes of existence. The "pureimpure" realm, shuddhashuddha maya - the seven tattvas from maya tattva to purusha - contains 27 planes of existence. The ashuddha ("impure") realm - of 24 tattvas - has 56 planes of existence.

Patala (-loka)

The lowest of the seven subterranean heavenly planets. It is inhabited by the Nagas, great serpents.

 

Patala:

Patala (Paathaala). Deepest hell; one of the seven regions under the earth; the abode of serpents and demons.

Patala:

Patala: Sai Baba Dictionary on Patala(homa)

Patala(homa): Homa: "fire-offering". A sacred ceremony in which the Gods are offered oblations through the medium of fire in a sanctified fire pit (RRV-10)

 

Patala (Sanskrit). The nether world, the antipodes; hence in popular superstition the infernal regions, and philosophically the two Americas, which are antipodal to India. Also, the South Pole as standing opposite to Meru, the North Pole.

Patala:  Spiritual - Theosophy Dictionary on PatalaNethermost, farthest underneath; the reference being not so much to locality or position in space, as to quality -- grossness, heaviness, or material substance. The seventh, lowest, and most material tala. It is used in Hindu literature to signify the hells, underworlds, or infernal regions, or the antipodes or Myalba. The corresponding loka or pole is bhurloka. "Meru -- the abode of the gods -- was placed . . . in the North Pole, while Patala, the nether region, was supposed to lie in the South. As each symbol in esoteric philosophy has seven keys, geographically, Meru andPatala have one significance and represent localities; while astronomically, they have another, and mean 'the two poles,' which meaning ended by their being often rendered in exotericsectarianism -- the 'Mountain' and the 'Pit,' or Heaven or Hell" (SD 2:357). Patala, from one aspect, corresponds to the lower hierarchies of the Gandha, elementals ruling the sense and organ of smell. This lowest tala is the sphere of irrational beings, including animals, having little or no sense or feeling save that of self-preservation and the gratification of the senses -- attributes of materiality which might include a vast number of the human species. Patala is also the sphere of intensely human as contrasted with human-spiritual beings, and is likewise the abode of the animal dugpas, elementals of animals, and multitudes of nature spirits, all belonging to the bipolar planes of bhurloka-patala. In Atlantean times, America was the patala or antipodes of Jambu-dvipa, geographically. In theMahabharata, Arjuna as Krishna's chela is said to have descended into Patala, the antipodes, and there married Ulupi, the daughter of the King of the Nagas or initiates. The Hindu rishi Narada, representing one of the most recondite and still living spiritual influences on earth, is said to have descended in bygone times into the regions of Patala, and to have been delighted with what he found there. On his return to the celestial regions, he gave to the gods a glowing account of the beauties of the hells, stating that they abounded in everything ministering to luxury and sensuous delight. For precisely these reasons, Patala as the lowest of the talas, has been called the infernal regions or hell. To beings evolving in the spheres of matter, these spheres are extremely pleasant despite the pain and suffering that invariably accompany sojourn in all astral spheres, which the talas are. What the evolving entities lose in spiritual power, intellectual bliss, and higher faculty, is compensated for by the attachments and bonds of a sensuous character, tying them temporarily to these realms.

Kauravya (Sanskrit) King of the nagas or initiates in Patala (geographically the Americas) at least some 5000 years ago. Krishna's disciple, Arjuna, is said in the Mahabharata to have traveled to Patala and to have married Ulupi, the daughter of King Kauravya.

Naga - Nagas in mythology

In India there is an ancient belief in a subterranean race of divine serpent people who dwell in a patalas or palaces in the underground city of Bhogavati. The word Naga comes from the Sanskrit, and "nag" is still the word for snake in most of the languages of India. They are considered nature spirits and the protectors of springs, wells and rivers. They bring rain, and thus fertility, but are also thought to bring disasters such as floods and drought. Since Nagas have an affinity with water, the entrances to their underground palaces are often said to be hidden at the bottom of wells, deep lakes and rivers. Varuna, the Vedic god of storms, is viewed as the King of the Nagas.

According to some traditions Nagas are only malevolent to humans when they have been mistreated. They are susceptible to mankind's disrespectful actions in relation to the environment.

The Nagas also carry the elixir of life and immortality. One story mentions that when the gods were rationing out the elixir of immortality, the Nagas grabbed a cup. The gods were able to retrieve the cup, but in doing so, spilled a few drops on the ground. The Nagas quickly licked up the drops, but in doing so, cut their tongues on the grass, & since then their tongues have been forked.

Naga - Naga

The word Naga can refer to several different things.

In mythology, the Nagas are a race of supernatural beings, usually depicted with both snake and human attributes which inspired modern interpretations:

o In modern fantasy fiction, members of any race with both snake and human characteristics may be callednagas.

o A species of monster from the Monster Rancher video games.

The Naga are a fictional race in the Warcraft Universe. Naga is a district in Mie, Japan Naga, Wakayama is a town in that district. The Naga are an ethnic group of people living in Nagaland and Manipur state in the north-eastern

part of India. Naga could also mean elephant in Sanskrit or Pali, as in the Naga Sutta. Naga means snake (also refers to a mythical race of snake-people) in Sanskrit and in many

languages derived from it. Philippines

o Naga City, Camarines Sur

o Naga, Cebu

o Naga, Zamboanga Sibugay

Naga is the Malay word for dragon A character in the Slayers series is named Naga the Serpent.

Sarpas (Sanskrit). Serpents, whose king was Sesha, the serpent, or rather an aspect of Vishnu, who reigned in Patala.

Hiranyaksha (Sanskrit). "The golden-eyed." the king and ruler of the 5th region of Patala, the nether-world; a snake-god in the Hindu Pantheon. It has various other meanings.

Madalasa:

Madalasa (Madhaalasaa). Wife of King Rithadwaja. Once the demon Patalaketu carried her away to the nether world; Patala and King Rithadwaja rescued her.

Makaradhwaja: The guard in monkey form of the city of Ahi-ravana in Patala at the Nether Regions 

Triloka:

Triloka: The three worlds; bhumi: earth, svarga: heaven and patala: hell

Bhur-loka (Sanskrit) (from bhur earth + loka place, world)

 

Earth world; the lowest of the seven lokas. The popular exoteric name of our earth when considered in terms of the cosmic lokas or planes. The corresponding tala is patala. The field of influence of bhurloka is said to extend little farther than our atmosphere. Our earth is patala if we look at it from the material standpoint, and bhurloka if we look at it from the energy-consciousness side.

The Ideas of Heaven and Hell

        According to the Hindu Puranas, there are fourteen worlds in the universe - the seven upper and the seven lower. The seven upper worlds are Bhuh, Bhavah, Swah, Mahah, Janah. Tapah, and Satyam; and the seven nether worlds are Atala, Vitala, Sutala, Rasatala, Talatala, Mahatala, and Patala. The region known as Bhuh is the earth where we dwell, while Swah is the celestial world to which people repair after death to enjoy the reward of their righteous actions on earth. Bhuvah is the region between the two. Janah, Tapah, and Satyam constitute Brahmaloka, or the highest heaven, where fortunate souls repair after death and enjoy spiritual communion with the personal God, and at the end of the cycle attain liberation, though a few return to earth again. The world of Mahah is located between Brahmaloka and Bhuh, Bhuuah, and Swah. Patala, the lowest of the seven nether worlds, is the realm where wicked souls sojourn after death and reap the results of  their unrighteous actions on earth. Thus, from the viewpoint of Hinduism, heaven and hell are merely different worlds, bound by time, space, and causality. According to Hinduism, desires are responsible for a person's embodiment. Some of these desires can best be fulfilled in a human body, and some in an animal or a celestial body. Accordingly, a soul assumes a body determined by its unfulfilled desires and the results of its past actions. An animal or a celestial body is for reaping the results of past karma, not for performing actions to acquire a new body. Performance of karma to effect any change of life is possible only in a human body, because only human beings do good or evil consciously. Human birth is therefore a great privilege, for in a human body alone can one attain the supreme goal of  life. Thus, in search of eternal happiness and immortality, the apparent soul is born again and again in different bodies, only to discover in the end that immortality can never be attained through fulfillment of desires. The soul then practices discrimination between the real and the unreal, attains desirelessness, and finally realizes its immortal nature. Affirming this fact, the Katha Upanishad says: "When all the desires that dwell in the heart fall away, then the mortal becomes immortal and here attains Brahman."

Patala Sutta: The Bottomless Chasmtranslated from the Pali by

Thanissaro Bhikkhu© 1997–2011

Alternate translation: Nyanaponika"Monks, when an uninstructed run-of-the-mill person makes the statement, 'There is a bottomless chasm in the ocean,' he is talking about something that doesn't exist, that

can't be found. The word 'bottomless chasm' is actually a designation for painful bodily feeling.

"When an uninstructed run-of-the-mill person is touched by a painful bodily feeling, he sorrows, grieves, & laments, beats his breast, becomes distraught. This is called an uninstructed run-of-the-mill person who has not risen up out of the bottomless chasm, who has not gained a foothold.

"When a well-instructed disciple of the noble ones is touched by a painful bodily feeling, he does not sorrow, grieve, or lament, does not beat his breast or become distraught. This is called a well-instructed disciple of the noble ones who has risen up out of the bottomless chasm, whose foothold is gained."

Whoever can't endure themonce they've arisen —

painful bodily feelingsthat could kill living beings —

who trembles at their touch,who cries & wails,a weakling with no resiliance:

he hasn't risen upout of the bottomless chasmor even gaineda foothold.

Whoever endures themonce they've arisen —

painful bodily feelingsthat could kill living beings —

who doesn't tremble at their touch:he's risen upout of the bottomless chasm,his foothold is gained.

100% Non-Contestable Proof!by Gene D. Matlock

India's Conquest of the Americas.

The Vedas tell a number of valid facts about ancient America . They call Mexico and Central America Patala. In Sanskrit, Patala means 'one of the seven regions under the earth and the abode of serpents' According to the myths, an eagle named Garuda transported thousands of ancient mariners, called snakes (Nagas, there in its beak. Although I feel they came here in ocean-going ships, the implication is clear that they could have flown here as well. The legends of the O'odhams of Arizona describe such a sky-born ship. They call it Nah-Big, a term definitely derived from the Sanskrit Nag-Bhaga or Snake God. One cannot help but become impressed when he reads the O'odham stories of the Nah-Big. It is clear that it was some kind of flying ship. The O'odhams even speak of it as being propelled by an energy generator having positive (male) and (female) female poles.

Did a Patala ever exist in ancient Mexico? It certainly did and does. In the Mayan-derived dialects along Mexico's northern east coast down to and including the Central America republics, Patal means 'abandoned or deserted land; without people.'

Naga-like derivatives also exist in Mexico . In Sanskrit, Nag-asta means Western Naga Land . The Mayan lowlands down to and including Costa Rica are called Nacaste.

According to Hindu legends, a naga could turn into a human being. In Mexico, a nagual was a were-animal. Nagual derived from the Sanskrit Nag-Baal, meaning Snake Demon.

The Mayans of Mexico and Central America also played an integral part in Hindu mythology and history. Just as in Mexico and Central America, they were mathematicians (measurers), astronomers, military strategists, magicians, wise-men and builders. The Meso--American Mayan's knowledge of astronomy and time-measurement was so accurate that they even felt confident enough to predict the end of the world--or some worldwide catastrophic cosmic event -- in 2012 AD. The Mayans of India also predicted the same type of event, but they didnÕt agree with their Patalan brothers on the same date.

In his book, Remedy the Frauds in Hinduism, Indian historian Purushothoma Chon mentioned a Siberian origin of the Mayans: 'Maya architects are mentioned in our epic Mahabharata. Maya people are in Siam and East Asia . There is a place called Mayyava in Kerala. The Utttar Pradesh people have the meaning of Mayya as mother in phrases like 'Gang ki Maya.' There is a vast area in Russian East Siberia as well as a river by name Maya.' (p. 28.) The Nagas of Tibet even had a similar bar and dot counting system, along with the same words, to the Naga Mayas of Mexico.

The Hindu Naga Mayas also belonged to a powerful Dravidian group of Nagas called Asuras. Whether or not the Asuras were demi-gods or demons depended on one's point of view. The leader of these Naga Asuras was the Hindu (really a Bulgarian) god of precious metals, wealth, traders and even agriculturists (really a group) named Kubera or Khyber (Kheever). For Christians and Jews he was Heber. This Kubera, Khyber, or Heber was leader of a horde called Yakshas or Yakhas (Biblical Joktan?). They were reputed to be both superior mentally and materially. Their servants were called Guhyakhas (Yakha shit). Today, in Judaism, which evolved from the Kubera teachings, the term has changed to Goy, but the meaning has never changed. The Kubera hordes, composed of Yakshas or Yakhas and their Guyakha underclass captured most of India's undesirables, the unredeemably savage and cannibilistic Rakshasas, exiling them to Ceylon or Lanka. Later, they exiled them to Patala, supposedly in air ships.

The Mayas had their own nation in Lanka, also named Maya, with a sub-group called Laks (Mexico's Lacandones). It is a strange anomaly that Rama, Lenka (Lanka), and Lacandon Mayan peoples exist in Meso-America, including the inhabitants of Yucatan (Yakhustan; Joktan?). As further evidence that Kubera or Khyber first settled the Americas , the Meso-Americans told the Spaniards that a strange people had once gone there, naming all of the North American continent Quivira (Kheeveria). The most sacred mountain of the Arizona O'odhams was the gold-filled, rattlesnake infested Baboquivari. There were also Quiburi people and a Quiburi creek in O'ofham country. Kubera--like names also exist among the Caddo Indians of Texas and Louisiana, as well as the North Mexican mining state of Coahuila (true pronunciation Kovira), the Sonoran mining town of Caborca , and the Texas and Northern Mexican Cahuillas (Kaviras). There are also the New Mexican Indian ruins of Gran Quivira and Koari. It is from this international word Kubera that we have derived the words quarry and copper. Yes, you'll find Kubera's name pronounced in one form or another all over the world.

You have surely heard of the so-called Aryans. In India, many Hindus love to mention them as a superior race of people who came to them from Uttara Kuru ( Siberia and the North Pole). Yet, the Kurus (Ari) and Ramas were just the Indian people themselves who once inhabited the whole of the Eastern Hemisphere -- Kurus the north, and Ramas, the Indian sub continent itself. In the mythologies of all the world, the Kurus (Turks) and the Hindus (Ramas) are the Holy Twins. Although both groups were partners (twins) in international trading, the Kurus (Turks) provided the shipping and the Ramas their services as warrior traders. The Ramas were ferocious warriors, just as they were described in the Mahabharata.

It just so happens that the Carib (Cariva) Indians of the Caribbean islands claimed that their creator gods were the Kuru Rumani. The Mexicans will tell you that the state of Veracruz derives its name from Ver a Cruz (Seeing at a Cross), but such a name is preposterous for a variety of reasons. The people of Vera Cruz are really descendants of Carib Indians, called Vira--Kurus (Hero Kurus).

Emperor Moctezuma of Mexico himself told the Spaniards that the Mexican royal family descended from a ruling eastern caste called Colhua, the only way the Aztecs could pronounce Kaurava.

I could provide almost an infinity of evidence to validate my claim that the Kurus and Ramas (Aryans and sub-continent Hindus) first colonized the Americas , but that's not necessary. What I have to say in the last part of this article is sufficient unto itself.

The Hindus of antiquity had an ancient astro-geographical map with four lotus petals pointing in the cardinal directions, called Mt. Meru (the world mountain). The point of the left petal fell on a seaport called Ketumala or Chetumala. Both pronunciations were used. The lower center petal was Jambudvipa (subcontinent India ).

One day, I decided to examine a map of Meso-America in order to find out whether a Chetumala or Ketumala ever existed there. It did not take me long to find out that Chetumal is even now a safe port in what is presently Belize, Central America. (See the illustrations below). The name of this port of Chetumal has never changed in all these thousands of years. According to the available evidence, I knew I had found the Chetumala depicted on the point of the left petal of the Mt. Meru drawing. But the skeptics and so-called 'historians and mytholigists' who are dead set against India knowing the truth about herself, for foolish reasons only they can know, insisted that the Central American Chetumal was just a coincidence. What I have never revealed to anyone until now is that the Belize Chetumal is absolutely nothing compared to the total proof you will learn in my upcoming conclusion to this article. However, my life is steadily going to its inevitable end. In order to produce fascinating articles, I have spent too much time writing anti-climaxes, while simultaneously honing my own historical skills to near perfection, building up to the time when the hero finally gets the girl. I must act now while there is still time.

You will notice that just to the left of the Chetumal petal there is a body of water called the Kashyapa Sea . A meaning of Kashyapa is 'sea turtle; tortoise.' We now call the Kashyapa Sea the Caribbean Sea . It is commonly known that more sea turtles of different species inhabit Meso--America and Eastern Central America than any other place in the world. One species in the region, the Hawksbill, has always been hunted for its beautiful shell which, for thousands of years, has been used to make fine ornaments. In ancient days, there were uncountable millions of Hawksbills in the Caribbean Sea . Because of centuries of feverish and constant harvesting, the Hawksville population has shrunk to an estimated 22,000 nesting females. Belize itself is a composite Sanskrit word Bala= Facing the East; The Rising Sun. Isha or Isa = God Shiva. Belize indeed faces the east.

But not even this is enough proof for those wanting to keep India hidden under the rug. So now it's time to reveal something that no rug can ever hide. Chetumala or Ketumala is not the official name of the left petal. It is the official name of the harbor itself. The full territory was called Aparagoyana or just Goyana ( Guyana )! Apara=Western; being in the west of; a bad shore. Guh=concealed; hide; keep secret; a hiding place; filth; etc. Yana=journey; going; moving; riding; a vehicle of any kind; ship, etc. (See ancient Geography of

Ayodhya, by Dr. Shyam Narain Pande; p. 8, plus 87 other references listed in the Internet.)

Aparagoyana ( Guyana ) clearly tells us that the Guhyakas and the Rakshasas were being exiled to Guyana because the civilized world was ashamed of them. Today, the name Guyana has shrunk to just the top right half of South America, but a sizable portion of the territory still retains enough of the ancient name of the left petal to let us know that the total region was in no way named Ketu Mal but Apara-Guyana. On the map itself, you will see Guyana as the first nation. The second nation's name has been changed to Suriname, which is also derived from Sanskrit. Suri is a name of God Krishna. Nama=Named. The third one at the right is French Guiana or French Guyana.

It is a fascinating anomaly about these nations that the majority population is of East Indian descent. People of African descent come next. After that, mixed races, European (mostly Portuguese) and Chinese.

So that seafarers could know for sure when they were following the trade winds correctly to Central America, the old Hindu legends gave extremely exact information to let them know they were sailing between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. According to any of the 87 descriptions of Apara-Goyana or Guyana you can find in the websites describing it, 'When the sun rises in Jambudv’pa, it is the middle watch of the night in Aparagoyana; sunset in Aparagoyana is midnight in Jambud’pa, and sunrise is noon in Jambud’pa, sunset in Pubbavideha and midnight in Uttara Kuru.' How can any astro-geographical description be more accurate than that?

So now, my Hindu friends, you have this part of your history back. And the orthodox historian villains are growling, 'Curses, foiled again.!' It's not so preposterous as Kubera 'spending ten thousand years with his head below water,' either. It is one hundred percent fact. No skeptic or religio-cultural enemy of India can ever twist this truth to mean something it is not. The truth of Idia's dominance and colonization of the ancient Americas is nakedly exposed to the whole world. If you don't take the initiative and start rewriting your history books right now, you have no one but yourselves to blame when the self-worshiping 'rational' academics try to cannibalize you!

I want to add that I also accidentally stumbled upon the method of unlocking the simple to learn secret of decoding the so-called mysteries of Hindu mythology. They aren't mysteries at all but probably the most scientific books ever written. Once a person learns this trade secret, he can make valid conclusions whereas others, especially 'smart rational, can't be fooled western scientists and orthodox historians' cannot -- and won't. The critics of the Hindu holy books would really feel like -- or actually become -- fools if they knew what they were mocking. They're really quite easy to unravel -- much like finding the way out of simple mazes. Since I have concentrated mostly on the mystery of whether or not India and the Turks, a.k.a. The Holy Twins, discovered the Americas, I may

have worked myself out of a job. I must find other Hindu oriented mysteries to unravel.

My detractors often say to me, 'Well, if that trade secret is so easy to learn, why don't you give it to the world?'

This is my answer: Mankind is worse ethically and morally than the most brutish of apes. He appears determined to kill not only himself, but everything else on this planet. So why did Thomas A. Edison destroy many of his most potentially lethal mathematical discoveries before he died? Or why did the widow of history's most famous sexologist, Sir Richard Burton, burn his papers after his death? Or let me put it this way: Are you pleased to know that Iran has learned how to manufacture nuclear weapons?

CENTRAL ASIA'S VEDIC PASTIn this case it would seem to find an episode of the life of Krishna avatara (that is one earthly manifestation) of the Indian God Vishnu."..... "That constitutes an ulterior test of the existence of intense relationships with India even if today little documented traces remain."

Indeed, between the decorations of sogdiane several the external panels of its sarcophagus they can be noticed divinity between which the God Weshparkar seated on three protomi of Taurus and with a trident in hand (fig. 16). In the below part of the same panel two zoroastriani clergymen fortified of one appear also particular mask still used in Iran and India during some rituals and one procession of animals from load on a bridge. Draft of the Chinvat bridge, the passage that the defunct one is held to cross during its trapasso in the zoroastriane sideboards. According to the zoroastriani religious witnesses the spirit of the defunct one must exceed several stations before catching up the paradise. To every station one is premail divinity between which, exactly, Weshparkar. The trident and the Taurus are its characteristic attributes clearly taken to loan from the iconography of the divinity hindu, in this case from Shiva. The Sogdiani, in fact, a process absorbed many elements of the religious iconography Indian second still little clearly but that it goes dated to 6th century B.C. approximately. That constitutes an ulterior test of the existence of intense relationships with India even if today little documented traces remain.

Also the funerary bed exposed recently to several Paris extension panels decorates second the iconography to you Hindu. Three are the more interesting panels from this point of view both dominate to you from figures of probable divine nature. The first

panel ritrae an endowed personage of four arms placed side by side from two archers on a throne to lotiforme base (fig. 17). Such attributes send back immancabilmente to a particular aspect of the God of the Indian sun Surya. Moreover, the discs concentrate us to the shoulders of the personages recall a solar symbolism exactly. The other interpretable scene in key Hindu regards a panel with an aquatic scene in which a male personage notices itself attempt scoccare an arrow towards the high while it is seated astride of a large bovine dipped in the flutti together other monstrous beings (fig. 18). In this case it would seem to find of forehead to an episode of the life of Krishna that others was not if not avatar (that is one earthly manifestation) of the Indian God Vishnu. The last panel, a lot ruined, ritrae a personage from the ventre prominent seated on one skin elephant and encircled from tralci of grape (fig. 19). Perhaps also this personage is interpretable as a divine being in how much the Sogdiani seems to have adopted the iconography of Indra in order to adapt it to that one of Ahura Mazda, the supreme gentleman of just pantheon. However he is not excluded that raffigurazione of Kubera for via of the belly of the God and the grape bunches can be a matter also of one.

In the Mahabharata, one of the two Sanskrit epics of ancient India, mention is made of the visit of Arjuna, a prince of the Bharatas, to Patala, the "antipodes," and of his marriage there to the princess Ulupi, a daughter of one Kauravya, the king of the Nagas. Commenting on this, H. P. Blavatsky wrote that Pundit Dayanand Saraswati, then the greatest Sanskrit and Puranic authority in India, had personally confirmed her view that Patala was America, and that the visit of Arjuna to that land from what was then India took place 5,000 years ago. (The( Secret Doctrine, II, 214.)

The Sanskrit word for serpent is naga and she explained that from time immemorial the serpent, as the dragon, has in every part of the world signified a "wise man, endowed with extraordinary magic powers." She further alluded to the clear relationship between the reference to nagas or wise initiates residing in Patala (America), and the nagals, a Mexican Indian name for "the (now) sorcerers and medicine men."

This brings us to Professor Gordon's research in the Aztecan and Mayan (and also South American Indian) tradition that it was a white, bearded personage who brought the arts of civilization to America, arriving from the east by boat. Both the Aztecan and Mayan titles for this personage, Quetzalcoatl and Kukulcan respectively, mean "Plumed Serpent." Additional testimony to the ubiquity and central religious importance among early American peoples of the snake or serpent need hardly be given, but we can briefly refer to the Snake Tribes among the North American Indians, the gigantic Serpent Mound over 700 feet in length that was constructed by the mound-building peoples of ancient Ohio, and the use of the feathered serpent

(often dragonlike in appearance) in the magnificent pre-Columbian stone structures throughout Central America.

The classical Old World has something to say about bearded white men who are at the same time plumed serpents. A pediment from the Athenian acropolis portrays on one side three plumed serpents, each with the head of a bearded man. This embodies the essential traits -- at two levels -- of the American iconography. There are too many details involved to be attributed to accident. (Before Columbus, pp. 51-53.)

Another very interesting corroboration of Old World links with the Plumed Serpent tradition, not mentioned by Professor Gordon, is offered by the Scots antiquary, Dorothea Chaplin, who, writing in 1938, (Mythological Bonds Between East and West, pp. 35-36.) discusses linguistic evidences for prehistoric links between the Celtic hero Cuchulinn (or Kukil Can) and the Mayan Kukulcan, noting that both of these figures were characterized as the Feathered Serpent.

For his courage in allowing his evidence to stand or fall on its inherent cogency and appeal to our sense of logic and probability, Professor Gordon deserves a loud vote of thanks, for, as he correctly observes, his conclusions do "help us more fully to understand ourselves, our place in the order of things and our responsibilities."