All About Herbs · 2019. 9. 5. · FLAVOR = TASTE + MOUTHFEEL + AROMA + “THE X FACTOR”Page , Karen; Dornenburg , Andrew (2008 -09-13). The Flavor Bible: The Essential Guide to

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AllAboutHerbsHerbs:Flavoringsderivedfromtheleafypartofaplant

Spices:Flavoringsderivedfromthebark,berry,rootorseedofaplant

WhatDeterminesFlavor?1) Taste:• Sweet• Sour• Bitter• Salty• Umami

2)Mouthfeel:• Textures

3)Aroma:• Smells

4)“X”Factors:JeNaCes’t Qua…timeofday,temperature,companyyouarewith,conversationandmemories...Emotional&mental.

FLAVOR=TASTE+MOUTHFEEL+AROMA+“THEXFACTOR”Page,Karen;Dornenburg,Andrew(2008-09-13).TheFlavorBible:TheEssentialGuidetoCulinaryCreativity,BasedontheWisdomofAmerica'sMostImaginativeChefs(p.xii).Little,BrownandCompany.KindleEdition.

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Chives

• Flavor• MilderOnion,SlightlyBitter

• ProduceAccents• Tomato,Asparagus,Onion,Carrots,Mushrooms

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Shellfish,Lentils,Beans,Tofu,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Dips,Soups,Sauces,Rice,Risottos

• StorageTips• Injar,bottom1/3filledwithwater,plasticbagcover,fridge3-5days

History• Foundtogrowinthewildinboththenewworld

(Americas)andtheoldworld(Europe,Africa,andAsia)

• FirstrecordedtohavebeenusedinChinain3000BC

• SomespeculatethatMarcoPolobroughttheideatousechivesinculinaryartsbackwithhimfromthefareast

• Medievalgardenerswouldusechivesaroundthebordersofhousesandgardenstofendoffharmfulinsects

Origin• Unknownbutmost

likelyCentralAsiaEtymology• Cepa – Latinfor

“onion”loanedfromtheoldFrenchword“cive”

ChivesTaste with Cous Cous

• Flavor:• Bright,Citrus,Soapy?

• ProduceAccents• Avocado,Tomato,BellPepper,TropicalFruit

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Fish,Shellfish,Lamb,Lentils,Tofu,Beans

• OtherUses• Marinades,Salsa,Guacamole,Chutney,Soup,Curries,Salads

• StorageTips• Inajar,bottom1/3filledwithwater,1week

History• Corianderispossiblyoneofthefirstherbstobe

usedbymankind,datingbackto5000BC.

• DesiccatedseedswerefoundinNeolithicpre-potteryblendsinacaveinIsrael,whichmaybetheoldestarchaeologicfindingsofcoriander

• CorianderseedshavealsobeenfoundinancientEgyptiantombs

• Cilantro/CorianderwasbroughttotheBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericain1670andwasoneofthefirstplantstobecultivatedbyearlysettlers,whichwasaround1670inMassachusetts

Cilantro(Coriander) Origin

• MostlikelyEasternEuropean(specificallyGreece)orAsiaMinor

Etymology

• Koriannon – FromGreekword“koris”meaning“bug”

Taste with Cous Cous

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• Flavor• Fresh,Grassy,LightlyBitter

• ProduceAccents• Mushrooms,Peas,Potato,Tomato,Cucumber,Zucchini,Carrots

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Shellfish,Lentils,Beans,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Sauces,Salads,Garnishes

• StorageTips• Rolledinadamppapertowel,plasticbag,fridgefor1week

Origin• MediterraneanEuropeEtymology• Petroselinon – Greek

from“petros”meaning“stone”and“selinon”meaning“celery”

Parsley

History• Ithasbeencultivatedforover2000years

• SomehistoriansgivecredittoCharlestheGreat(RomanEmperor)fortheherb’spopularityashegrewitoveravastportionofhisproperty

• BecamepopularinnorthernlatitudesintheMiddleAges,whenitwascommonlygrowninmonasteriesandImperialgardens

Taste with Cous Cous

Astringency Ourmouths“pucker”toregisterastringency.Thisisadryingsensationcausedbythetanninsinredwineorstrongtea,andoccasionallyinfoodssuchaswalnuts,cranberries,andunripepersimmons.Page,Karen;Dornenburg,Andrew(2008-09-13).TheFlavorBible:TheEssentialGuidetoCulinaryCreativity,BasedontheWisdomofAmerica'sMostImaginativeChefs(p.5).Little,BrownandCompany.KindleEdition.

Dill• Flavor

• Grassy• ProduceAccents

• Tomato,Beets,Mushroom,Cucumber,Carrots

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Shellfish,Lentils,Beans

• OtherUses• Omelets,YogurtDishes,PotatoDishes,Sauces,SaladDressings,CuredSalmon


History• Datesbackto3000BC.NativetotheEastern

MediterraneanandWesternAsia• AncientEgyptiansuseddilltosootheorcalm• Greeksuseddillasasymbolofwealth• Romansthoughtthatdillbroughtgood

fortune• Soldierswouldalsoapplyburntdillto

woundstohelpthemheal

Origin

• CentralAsia

Etymology

• Dilla - OldNorsefor“calm”or“soothe”

Taste with Chicken Salad

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Tarragon

• Flavor• Licorice,MildlySweet

• ProduceAccents• Carrots,Mushrooms,Artichoke,Onion,Potato,Spinach

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Fish,Shellfish

• OtherUses• Omelets,Salads,Dressings,Gazpacho


History• ItisthoughttohavebeenbroughttoItalyaround

thetenthCenturybyinvadingMongols

• TheMongolsuseditasasleepaid,breathfreshenerandseasoning

• FollowingavisittoPopeClementVIinthe14thcentury,itisbelievedthatSt.CatherinebroughttarragontoFrance

Tarragon Origin• CentralAsia,most

likelySiberiaEtymology• Tragonia andTarchon -

believedtobeofArabicorigin,fromtheword“dragon”or“snake”

Taste with Chicken Salad

• Flavor• Sweet,LightPepper,Cool

• ProduceAccents• Carrots,Eggplant,Watermelon,Mushrooms,Tomato,Potato,Zucchini

• ProteinAccents• Lamb,Lentils,Beans

• OtherUses• FruitSalads,Curries,CreamSauces,Soups,Marinades


Origin• MuchofEuropeand

AsiaEtymology• Mentha - Latinfrom

theGreekword“minthe”

Mint

History• HasbeenfoundinEgyptiantombsdatingbackto

1000B.C.

• Duringthemiddleages,priestsusedminttopolishteeth

• Alsoduringthemiddleages,mintwasusedtokeeprodentsoutofplacescontainingfood.

Taste with Pineapple

Chemesthesis referstoothersensationsthattickle(carbonatedbeverages)“heat”fromchile peppers,or“cold”frompeppermint).Page,Karen;Dornenburg,Andrew(2008-09-13).TheFlavorBible:TheEssentialGuidetoCulinaryCreativity,BasedontheWisdomofAmerica'sMostImaginativeChefs(p.5).Little,BrownandCompany.KindleEdition.

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Basil

• Flavor• Floral,MildlySweet,Peppery,Licorice?

• ProduceAccents• BellPeppers,Eggplant,Tomatoes,Squash,BellPeppers

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Shellfish,Lentils,Tofu,Beans,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Pesto,TomatoSauces,Soups,Stews,Stirfrys,Curries

• StorageTips• Injar,bottom1/3filledwithwater,plasticbag,fridge1week

History• InIndia,Basilwasprimarilyplantedaroundtemples

andlaidwiththedeadasitwasconsideredsacred

• Thefirstwrittenaccountsofbasilgobacktoover4000yearsagowhereitwaspossiblyusedinEgyptforembalming.

• InCrete,basilwasconsideredanemblemofthedevil,sopeoplewouldplacebasilontheirwindow-ledgestopleasehimandprotectagainsthisbadinfluence

Basil Origin• Tropical,mostlikely

IndiabutnewevidencespeculateswestAsia

Etymology• Basile – OldFrench

word,derivedfromGreek“basilikos”meaning“royal”

Taste with Pineapple

• Flavor• Foresty,LightPepper

• ProduceAccents• BrusselsSprouts,Eggplant,Peas,WinterSquash

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Lentils,Beans,Tofu,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Stuffing,SaladDressings,Soups,Risotto,BrownButterSauce,RoastedVeggies

• StorageTips• Rolledinadamppapertowel,plasticbag,fridgefor1-2weeks

Origin• Mediterraneanand

AsiaMinorEtymology• Salvia – Latinname

derivedfrom“salvere”meaning“save”

Sage

History• Therootsofsagehavebeengroundedinthe

Mediterraneanregionforthousandsofyears.

• TheRomanscreatedaspecialceremonyforthegatheringofSageandconsideredittobesacred

• Priortothecreationofrefrigeration,itwasusedasapreservativeformeats

• Inthe10thcentury,Arabdoctorsbelievedittopromoteimmortality.

• In14thcenturyEurope,peopleusedittoprotectthemselvesfromwitchcraft.

Taste with Toast & Marinara

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• Flavor• Foresty,Pungent,Peppery

• ProduceAccents• BrusselsSprouts,Artichokes,BellPepper,Eggplant,Mushrooms,Tomato,PotatoZucchini

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Lamb,Beef,Pork,Fish,Turkey,Lentils,Beans,Tofu,Beans,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Stuffing,TomatoSauces,Dressing,Pizza,Soups


Origin• GreeceEtymology• Oros – Greekfor

“mountain”• Ganos – Greekfor

“joy”

Oregano

History• TheancientGreeksbelieveditwascreatedbythe

GoddessAphrodite,whowantedittobeasymbolofjoygrowinginhergarden

• Theromanswerenexttocultivateoregano,whothenspreadittotherestofEuropeandNorthAfrica

• Inthemiddleages,oreganowasusedcommonlyformedicinalpurposestocuretoothaches,indigestion,andcoughingepisodes

• IntroducedtoU.S.byreturningsoldiersfollowingtheItalianCampaignduringWWII


Pungency referstothetasteandaromaofsuchingredientsashorseradishandmustardthatareasirritating— albeitoftenpleasantly— tothenoseastheyaretothepalate.Page,Karen;Dornenburg,Andrew(2008-09-13).TheFlavorBible:TheEssentialGuidetoCulinaryCreativity,BasedontheWisdomofAmerica'sMostImaginativeChefs(p.5).Little,BrownandCompany.KindleEdition.

Marjoram

• Flavor• Foresty,Grassy

• ProduceAccents• BrusselsSprouts,Squash,Tomato,Carrots,Mushrooms,Peas,Spinach

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Turkey,Lentils,Tofu,Beans,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Stuffing,TomatoSauces,Dressings,Pizza,Soups


Origin• AsiaMinorEtymology• Amaracum - Latin

nametakenfromGreek ”amarakos”,whichmayhaveFarEastroots

History• TheancientGreeksusedmarjoramtohelpheal

frompoison,convulsions,andedema

• AmongboththeGreeksandRomans,itwasthecustomarytocrownyoungcoupleswithmarjoram

• Greeksbelievedthatmarjoramgrowingonone’sgravewasasignofhappinesstocomeinheaven

• WhenmarjoramwasintroducedinEngland,itwasusedinbeerandtobacco

• Marjoramwasalsofrequentlyusedinbeerfortasteandtoactasapreservative.

MarjoramTaste with Toast & Marinara

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• Flavor• Foresty,Grassy

• ProduceAccents• Carrots,Peas,Potato,WinterSquash,Tomato

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Turkey,Lentils,Tofu,Beans,Eggs

• OtherUses• Marinades,Rice,Dips,Stews,RoastedVeggies,TomatoSauces


Origin• SouthernEuropeEtymology• Possiblyfromtheword

“thymos”,Greekfor“spirit”originallymeaning“smoke”

Thyme

History• AFinnishDoctorinthe1800swroteaboutthe

effectivenessofthymeincombattingwhoopingcough,advocatinggivingfreshthymewithalittlesyruptoconquersymptomswithin2-3daysandcompletelyexpelledthediseasewithin2weeks

• Thousandsofyearsago,Romansbelievedeatingthymebeforeamealwouldprotectfrompoison

• Thymewasalsoassociatedwithcourage,braveryandstrengthinancienttimes

• RomansandGreeksburnedthymetopurifyhomes


• Flavor• Foresty,Piney,Pungent

• ProduceAccents• Mushrooms,Peas,Potato,Tomato

• ProteinAccents• Chicken,Beef,Lamb,Pork,Fish,Beans

• OtherUses• Marinades,Breads,TomatoSauces,Pizza,Soups,Stews,RoastedVeggies


Origin• MediterraneanEtymology• Rosmarinus – From

Latin,“ros”meaning“dew”and“marinus”meaning“belongingtothesea”

Rosemary

History• Inthemiddleages,rosemarywasthoughttobea

lovecharmandwaswornatweddings

• QuotedfromOpheliainShakespeare'sHamlet,“There'srosemary,that'sforremembrance”

• In1603,whenbubonicplaguekilled38,000Londoners,thedemandwassohighthatthepriceincreasedfromoneshillingforanarmfulofbranchestosixshillingsforahandful.


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AllAboutHerbsHerbs:Flavoringsderivedfromtheleafypartofaplant

Spices:Flavoringsderivedfromthebark,berry,rootorseedofaplant

Documents

All About Herbs · 2019. 9. 5. · FLAVOR = TASTE + MOUTHFEEL + AROMA + “THE X FACTOR”Page , Karen; Dornenburg , Andrew (2008 -09-13). The Flavor Bible: The Essential Guide to