Alcoa - Pennsylvania State UniversityAlcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - Structural Special Thanks Atlantic Engineering Services – John Schneider – Andy Verrangia

AlcoaAlcoaBusiness Services CenterBusiness Services Center

Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Efficiency Considerations for Modern Design

Geoffrey E. Measel – Structural Option 2004 Senior Thesis

Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Geoffrey MeaselMeasel -- StructuralStructural

IntroductionIntroductionThesis researchThesis research

•Structural Depth•Alternate Floor Systems

•Alternate Foundation Systems

•Core Framing For UFADS

•Mechanical Breadth•Under Floor Air Distribution System

•Construction Breadth•Direct Cost Of Each System

•Overall Building Cost

•Schedule Impact


IntroductionIntroductionPresentation OutlinePresentation Outline

IntroductionStructural Depth– Alternate Floors– Alternate Foundation– Building Impacts

Mechanical Breadth– Under Floor Redesign

Construction ManagementConclusionsQuestions


IntroductionIntroductionProject PlayersProject Players

General Contractor: PJ Dick Inc.

Construction Manager: PJ Dick Inc.

Architects: Primary: Pfaffmann & AssociatesInterior: IKM Inc.

Engineers:Structural: Atlantic Engineering ServicesMechanical: Ray EngineeringElectrical: Hornfeck Engineering, Inc. Site Consultant: Civil & Environmental Consultants Inc.

Owner: Jackson Row Holdings C/O The Rubinoff Company


IntroductionIntroductionLocationLocation


IntroductionIntroductionBuilding StatisticsBuilding Statistics

Function Types:Function Types:MultiMulti--tenant officetenant officeGround Floor Retail Ground Floor Retail Underground Parking GarageUnderground Parking Garage

Size: Size: 228,500 NRSF228,500 NRSF6 Stories6 Stories

Cost Information:Cost Information:Overall Cost: $26 millionOverall Cost: $26 million$19.3 million (excluding tenant fit$19.3 million (excluding tenant fit--out work)out work)

Delivery Method: Delivery Method: DesignDesign--BidBid--Build with CM at RiskBuild with CM at Risk


StructuralStructuralEXISTING STEEL FRAMINGEXISTING STEEL FRAMING


StructuralStructuralexisting core framingexisting core framing


Presentation Presentation OutlineOutline





StructuralStructuralfloor refloor re--designdesign

Existing Composite Existing Composite My Existing (Control for Study)My Existing (Control for Study)Percentage CompositePercentage Composite–– ShoredShored–– UnshoredUnshored–– CamberedCambered

NonNon--CompositeCompositeJoistsJoistsPrePre--Cast ConcreteCast Concrete



System Comparison

6.788.07 7.68

6.44 6.137.18

8.68

3.47 3.9 3.81 3 3.31 3.354.69

6.065.87

02468

10

Exi

stin

g

My

Exi

stin

g

Com

posi

teU

nSho

red

(70%

)

Com

posi

tesh

ored

(100

%)

Com

posi

teC

ambe

red

Pre

cast

Jois

ts

Non

com

posi

te

Valu

e/sq

. ft

Steel Weight/ sq. ft Steel Cost/sq. ft

Floor Framing Comparison


StructuralStructuralFoundation ReFoundation Re--designdesign

7.5” Diameter Mini7.5” Diameter Mini--PilePile–– Pall =(.4 to .5) Pall =(.4 to .5) FyFy As + (.35 to .45) As + (.35 to .45) F’cF’c Ac Ac

Fy Fy =Yield Stress of Steel Casing (80ksi)=Yield Stress of Steel Casing (80ksi)As =CrossAs =Cross--sectional area of steel casing (7.86 in2)sectional area of steel casing (7.86 in2)F’cF’c =28 day Compressive Strength of grout (4000 =28 day Compressive Strength of grout (4000 psipsi))Ac =CrossAc =Cross--Sectional area of grout (35.78 inSectional area of grout (35.78 in22))

Mini-Piles

150 Ton Capacity

300 Piles

Existing Auger Cast Piles

95 Ton Capacity

374 Piles


StructuralStructuralCore ReCore Re--DesignDesign

Existing Core Framing Existing Core Framing My Existing (Control for Study)My Existing (Control for Study)Raised Floor FramingRaised Floor FramingBeam Raised FloorBeam Raised FloorRaised Core FramingRaised Core Framing



Existing Core Framing



Raised Floor Core

24” Raised Tate Access Floor


structuralstructuralCore ReCore Re--DesignDesign

Beam Raised Floor

W21X44 with Slab



Raised Core Framing



Raised Core Framing

Option 2 Option 1



Core Comparisons

5.05 5.28 5.337.16

5.41

8.8010.56 10.83

14.18

11.05

0.002.004.006.008.00

10.0012.0014.0016.00

AES Existing My Exsiting Raised Floor Beam RaisedFloor

Raised Core

Valu

e/S

q. ft

Steel Cost per Sq. ft Steel W eight per Sq. ft

Core Framing Comparison







MechanicalMechanicalUnderUnder--FloorFloor

ConCoreConCore 20002000System Weight: System Weight: 11.5 lbs/sq. ft11.5 lbs/sq. ftConcentrated Load:Concentrated Load: 2000 lbs2000 lbsUniform Load:Uniform Load: 500 lbs/sq. ft500 lbs/sq. ftUltimate Load:Ultimate Load: 5750 lbs5750 lbsImpact Load:Impact Load: 150 lbs150 lbs

Raised Floor Design


MechanicalMechanicalDuct work ReDuct work Re--DesignDesign

Existing Duct Plan Re-Designed Duct Plan







Const. MgmtConst. MgmtCost SummaryCost Summary

System Cost Comparison

1512000 1608750 1588500 15997502052000 2083500

15570001786500

0500000

1000000150000020000002500000

Exi

stin

g

My

Exi

stin

g

Com

posi

teU

nSho

red

(70%

)

Com

posi

tesh

ored

(100

%)

Com

posi

teC

ambe

red

Pre

cast

Jois

ts

Non

com

posi

te

Cos

t

Cost

Overall Floor Framing Cost Comparison


Const. MgmtConst. Mgmtcost summarycost summary

Cost Comparison

271080 276048 287928230256

319032

050000

100000150000200000250000300000350000

AES Existing My Exsiting Raised Floor Raised Core Beam RaisedFloor

Cost

Cost

Overall Core Framing Cost Comparison



Existing Auger Cast PilesExisting Auger Cast Piles–– 374 Piles *( 50’) * $30.00/ft = $561,000374 Piles *( 50’) * $30.00/ft = $561,000–– Schedule: 50’ (374 piles) / 350 = 53 daysSchedule: 50’ (374 piles) / 350 = 53 days

MicroMicro--Piles (MiniPiles (Mini--Piles)Piles)–– 300 Mini300 Mini--piles*($55.00/ft) 50’ = $825,000piles*($55.00/ft) 50’ = $825,000

–– 300 mini300 mini--piles * 50’ / 275ft/day = 54.5 dayspiles * 50’ / 275ft/day = 54.5 days

Foundation Comparison



Reduction of Construction Cost:Reduction of Construction Cost:--HVAC Cost = $283,040HVAC Cost = $283,040

Enhancement of Property Value:Enhancement of Property Value:-Tenant Re-Occupancy = $312,131

Improvement in Tenant Attractiveness:Improvement in Tenant Attractiveness:-Life Cycle Savings (1st Year) = $304,168-Staff Productivity (1st Year) = $635,400

Projected Mechanical Savings


Summary & Summary & Conclusions Conclusions

Structural:Structural:–– Floor Framing: 70% Composite Floor Framing: 70% Composite UnshoredUnshored

–– Watch Steel PricesWatch Steel Prices-- 100% Comp. Shored100% Comp. Shored–– Foundation: Stay with Auger Cast PilesFoundation: Stay with Auger Cast Piles

–– If Schedule becomes an issue go with If Schedule becomes an issue go with MiniMini--PilesPiles

–– Core Framing: Raise the CoreCore Framing: Raise the Core

Mechanical: Under Floor Air DistributionMechanical: Under Floor Air Distribution


Special ThanksSpecial Thanks

Atlantic Engineering ServicesAtlantic Engineering Services–– John SchneiderJohn Schneider–– Andy Andy VerrangiaVerrangia

PJ DickPJ Dick–– Frank Frank BabicBabic–– Matt WetzelMatt Wetzel

PfaffmanPfaffman & Associates& Associates

G.E.M. Inc.G.E.M. Inc.

AE FacultyAE Faculty–– Kevin Kevin ParfittParfitt–– Walt SchneiderWalt Schneider–– Jonathan DoughertyJonathan Dougherty

AE ClassmatesAE Classmates

My FamilyMy Family


QuestionsQuestions


Floor Framing Floor Framing SummarySummary



Composite Comparison

3.81 3.81 3.81 3.81 3.83 3.83 3.90 4.00

7.75 7.75 7.75 7.68 7.64 7.64 7.68 7.83

0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.00

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30

Percent Composite

Valu

e/sq

.ft

Steel Cost per Sq. ft Steel Weight per Sq. ft

Percentage Composite Comparison Unshored



Composite Comparison (Shored)

3.00 3.00 3.11 3.11 3.14 3.22 3.27 3.27

6.44 6.44 6.49 6.50 6.44 6.37 6.43 6.43

0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.00

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30

Pe rce nt Composite

valu

e/sq

. ft

Steel Cost per Sq. ft Steel Weight per Sq. ft

Percentage Composite Comparison Shored



Existing System Comparison

3.473.90

6.78

8.07

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

AES My Existing

Valu

e/S

q. ft

Steel Cost per Sq. ft Steel W eight per Sq. ft

Existing Floor Comparison


Existing Core Comparisons

5.05 5.28

8.80

10.56

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

AES Existing My Existing

Valu

e/Sq

. ft

Steel Cost per Sq. ft

Steel Weight per Sq. ft


Steel Systems Comparison


StructuralStructuralFoundation ReFoundation Re--designdesign

Pile Cap Re-Design

Documents

Alcoa - Pennsylvania State UniversityAlcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - Structural Special Thanks Atlantic Engineering Services – John Schneider – Andy Verrangia