ALCA Brochure - JSTBasic Plan as a major pillar of the Japan’s Plan for Dynamic Engagement of All Citizens for the strategic growth as well as to the basic principle of our international

Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program

2019

01

Contents 02 Japan Science and Technology Agency and Sustainable Development Goals

03 ALCA Outline

07 Top Down Proposal Technology Area

T1 Next Generation Batteries

09 Top Down Proposal Technology Area

T2 White Biotechnology

13 Enabling Technology Project

E1 High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN Wafer


E2 Superconducting Electric Power Equipment using Liquid Hydrogen Cooling


E3 New Heat Resistant Materials for Low CO2 Emission Type Next-Generation Thermal Electric Power Generation


E4 Innovative Light-Weight Materials for the Forward Energy-Saving Society


E5 Next-Generation Smart Community


E6 Highly Effi cient Production Process for Biomass-Based Chemicals and Polymers


E7 Production of Eff ective Biomass Materials with Bioresource Technology


E8 Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for High-Effi ciency Energy Equipment Systems


E9 Waste-Heat Recovery Technology


E10 Photon Management and Optical Engineering


E11 Development of Highly Effi cient Carbon-Circulation Chemical System


E12 Technology Development of High Effi cient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control Method and Breeding Method

30 Game-Changing Technology Area

G1 Solar Cell and Solar Energy Systems


G3 Electric Storage Devise


G4 Ultra Heat-Resistant Materials and High Quality Recyclable Steel


G5 Biotechnology


G7 Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Chemical Processes

36 Current ALCA PIs

38 JST-Mirai Research & Development Program “Realization of a low carbon society, a global issue”

ALCA Change the game with technologies!

02

Japan Science and Technology Agency and

Sustainable Development Goals

In September, 2015, the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the 2030

Agenda for Sustainable Development that comprise of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

and 169 targets. The SDGs provide the universal goals to the issues the world including Japan and

the humanity faces. The goals and targets of the SDGs are relevant to the implementation of Super

Smart Society, “Society 5.0” (Forth Industrial Revolution), set by the 5th Science and Technology

Basic Plan as a major pillar of the Japan’s Plan for Dynamic Engagement of All Citizens for the

strategic growth as well as to the basic principle of our international cooperation.

The First annual Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs

(STI Forum) was held on 6-7 June 2016, at the UN Headquarters in New York, aiming to address

how the Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) could contribute to the implementation of the

SDGs (“STI for SDGs”). It is highly expected that, to achieve the SDGs, the STI play an indispensable

role by resolving various emerging issues we face and by providing scientifi c data and analysis for

better political decision.

It is indeed crucial that all stakeholders from government, universities, research agencies and

institutes, NGOs and private sectors, etc. take transformative steps in a holistic manner toward

STI for SDGs. As Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) promotes not only the research and

development (R&D) but also plans R&D strategies as well as enhance science communication,

science education and open data, we are taking inclusive initiatives nationally and internationally

for achieving the SDGs.

The emission of CO2 actually accounts for the largest percent-age among greenhouse gases (GHG) as a cause of global warm-ing issues. Today, through reducing it, realizing a low carbon society has become a global challenge. In the context of such an international trend, the Japanese government has taken an approach to reduce GHG emission, and the Advanced Low Car-bon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA) was launched in 2010 as a research program toward developing a low carbon technology for the reduction of GHG emission.

In the Paris Agreement, adopted in December 2015 in the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties (COP21) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), “holding the increase in the global average tempera-ture within 2°C from pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C from pre-industrial lev-els” has been requested. Specifi cally, each party is requested to

submit its reduction target for after 2020 to the United Nations.The Japanese government has formally decided a goal, which

promised that “GHG will be reduced by 26% (compared with fi scal 2013) in fi scal 2030” in July 2015, prior to holding the COP21. The government decided that the achievement of such a goal should be aspired by innovative energy-saving technology development and also by largely reducing the ratio of the thermal power generation and by increasing the ratios of the renewable energy and nuclear power generation, from the current power supply confi guration.

As mentioned above, the tide of enhancing to develop the en-vironmental and energy-related technology has risen globally. It can be said that ALCA, which aims at creating a future low car-bon society with game changing technology, is really a research program at the forefront of such a global trend.

ALCA OutlineThe opportunity for technological development in environmental energy becoming ripe again

Photo by Dr. Kentaro Tamura at Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)

03

Low carbon society by “mitigation option”

There are basically two approaches to solve the global warm-ing issues: the “adaptation option” and “mitigation option”. The former is to reduce the global warming effect by adjusting a par-adigm for nature and society. In contrast, the latter is to suppress the GHG emission themselves, which is greatly expected by the contribution of science and technology.

ALCA has every intention of building a low carbon society, curbing the emission of CO2 through energy generation, energy storage, carbon neutral and energy saving, though we can fi nd scientifi c and technological options in various R&D areas.

04

Scope of ALCA

It is expected that the scientifi c and technological outcomes of ALCA will be implemented in the future society by conveying them to the research and development phase which is close to practical use. Therefore, it is necessary for research subjects in ALCA to satisfy the following three requirements.

➊ There is an air of expectancy among the industry.➋ Suffi cient effort has not been made yet in the industry.➌ It is expected that academia will deal with the problems in the

future.

Creation of “game changing technology”

In order to realize a low carbon society, we must look to the creation of game changing technology, which greatly changes the paradigm of science and technology, to break through the existing fossil energy dependent society.

To do so, we are asked to identify research and development

which should be addressed at present by back casting from the future low carbon society. In ALCA, which is a society needs pull type, it is encouraged to take inter-discipline efforts without be-ing tripped up the existing mono-disciplines.

Fifth Year

Stage GateEvaluation



Selection

Prioritizing on the basis of the stage gate evaluationStart with small funds in the earlier stage

Small start Integration

Selection and concentration by stage gate evaluation

While ALCA positively adopts game changing problems through peer review process to the proposals, a “stage gate eval-uation” is strictly carried out during the research period for mak-ing a decision on continuing the research or not. The evaluation is made not only in light of the scientifi c merit, but also in the light of “potential contribution for a low carbon society”, which means the goal of ALCA.

With adopting, many PIs are adopted with relatively small funds (small start), and those which have passed through the stage gate evaluation will be prioritized. In the bottom up pro-

posal type, the PIs who have passed the ALCA stage gates with the initial fi ve fi scal years and which have further passed the stage gate focusing on the latter fi ve fi scal years, will be driven forward in the ALCA research in the latter fi ve fi scal years (enabling tech-nology project) with the expanded research scale.

By the selection and concentration in such a stage gate evalu-ation, we intend to accelerate the research and development, fo-cusing on the social implementation in 2030. We will adopt new ALCA problems to renew, proceeding with the concentration.

05Layered Structure of ALCA Technology Areas

ALCA Tech. Areas

In ALCA we are promoting research and development in two domains: (a) the “top down proposal type technology area” fo-cusing on a clear exit from R&D and (b) the “bottom up proposal type technology area” based on freedom of researchers. Each domain adopts problems depending on accumulation of technol-ogies for them and prospect of their practical use, sharing game changing problems on a common basis.

In the special priority technology area, it is required that the in-dividual elemental technology undertaken as a new science and technology is accumulated to productize.

At the same time, the cooperation with the related programs and projects in other government agencies such as the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) is promoted and we are focusing on bridging the outcome for practical use.

On the other hand, in the bottom up proposal type, each re-search issue is of the bottom up type since it is based on the free idea from the researcher, and each research issue is also a

problem-solving-type fundamental research towards “contribu-tion to the future low carbon society”. Also in the adaptation and the stage gate evaluation, it is requested that the issue is “game changing” including “potential contribution to a low car-bon society”.

ALCA initially promoted the issues in seven technology areas. After the initial fi ve years, “Enabling Technology project” and “Game-changing Technology Areas” were newly established in fi scal 2015.

In Enabling technology project, a clear goal is set toward a low carbon society, and the research and development on the social implementation is accelerated while integrating the elemental technology.

Game-changing technology areas promote the promising is-sues not ready for transfer to the Enabling technology project.

Technology area management (Program Offi cer)

Hiroyuki OhsakiProfessor, The University of Tokyo

Kenji Taniguchi Specially Appointed Professor, Osaka University

Takashi TatsumiPresident, National Instituteof Technology and Evaluation

Akihiko KondoProfessor, Kobe University

Kohmei HaladaEmeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science

Yoshiharu DoiProfessor Emeritus,Tokyo Institute of Technology

Shigehito DekiProfessor Emeritus, Kobe University

Kohei UosakiFellow, National Institute for Materials Science

G1T1•G3

E5

E2・E8・G2

E3・E4・G4

T2・E6E7・E12・G5

E11・G6

E1・E9・E10・G7

KazuhitoHashimotoProgram Director

President,

NIMS

Program Officer (PO)

Atsuhiro OsukaProfessor, Kyoto University

The management requested for the Program Offi cer (PO) will depend on whether the top down proposal technology area or the bottom up proposal technology area.

In the former, the essence of the management includes (i) a team formation focusing on produc-tization and (ii) a R&D strategy focusing on devel-oping a product is formulated and an operation is made based thereon. Especially, in (ii), it has been attempted to strongly become aware of the research and development looking ahead to exit through the continuous interactions such as the PO interviews and site visits.

On the other hand, in the latter, the implemen-tation of the research issue is committed to game changing effort based on the originality and the creativity provided by the individual researcher, it is confi rmed whether the implementation is met with the object and method of ALCA, and the directionality of the research has been appropri-ately requested.

Reducing CO2

EmissionsLimiting CO2

Generation

Low Carbon Society

Energy Storage

Next Gen.Battery

Electric StorageDevices

WhiteBiotech.

Carbon Neutral

Effective Biomass Materials with Bioresource Tech.

Biotech.

Biomass-Based Chemicals

and Polymers

Development of Highly Efficient Carbon-Circulation

Chemical System

Technology Development of High Efficient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control

Method and Breeding Method

ChemicalProcesses

Energy Generation

Solar Cell and SolarEnergy Systems

Waste-HeatRecovery Technology

High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN Wafers

Systemsand Devices

Energy Saving

Light-Weight Materials

Ultra Heat-ResistantMaterials

Heat Resistant Materials forNext-Gen. Thermal Power Plants

SC* Systems

Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for

High-Efficiency Energy Equipment Systems

SC* Electric Power Equipmentusing Liq.H2 CoolingNext-Generation

Smart CommunityPhoton management and

optical engineering

*SC: SuperconductingSince 2018

06Layered Structure of ALCA Technology Areas

Top Down Proposal Technology Area

Transition toexperimentaldevelopmentExample) Cooperation with companyBusiness of JST academia-industry cooperationNEDO and so on

Research subjects are selected through a joint meeting betweenMEXT and METI, in which government, industry and academia are involved.● The team type or the elemental

technology type is integrally promoted in the area

● Collaboration with other ministry● 300 to 2000 million yen per year

and area

● The issue of the innovative technology seeds, which contribute to the large cuts in the GHG emission

●“Incubation” of the Enabling technology project

●30 million yen per year and issue

Game-Changing Technology Area

Practicaluse

Enabling Technology Project

A clear goal is set toward a low carbon society, and the research and development on the social implementation is accelerated while integrating the elemental technology.● Project formation in which

the individual research issue is integrated

● Cooperation with companies responsible for the practical use

● 50 to 200 million yen per year

E1 High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN Wafer

E2 Superconducting Electric Power Equipment using Liquid Hydrogen Cooling

E3 New Heat Resistant Materials for Low CO2 Emission Type Next-Generation Thermal Electric Power Generation

E4 Innovative Light-Weight Materials for the Forward Energy-Saving Society

E5 Next-Generation Smart Community

E6 Highly Effi cient Production Process for Biomass-Based Chemicals and Polymers

E7 Production of Eff ective Biomass Materials with Bioresource Technology

E8 Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for High-Effi ciency Energy Equipment Systems

E9 Waste-heat Recovery Technology

E10 Photon Management and Optical Engineering

E11 Development of Highly Effi cient Carbon-Circulation Chemical System

E12 Technology Development of High Effi cient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control Method and Breeding Method

T1 Next Generation Batteries

T2 White Biotechnology

G1 Solar Cell and Solar Energy Systems

G2 Superconducting Systems

G3 Electric Storage Devices

G4 Ultra Heat-Resistant Materials and High Quality Recyclable Steel

G5 Biotechnology

G6 Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Chemical Processes

G7 Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Systems and Devices

Enabling Technology Project Top Down Proposal Technology Area


Reducing CO2

EmissionsLimiting CO2

Generation

Low Carbon Society

Energy Storage

Next Gen.Battery

Electric StorageDevices

WhiteBiotech.

Carbon Neutral

Effective Biomass Materials with Bioresource Tech.

Biotech.

Biomass-Based Chemicals

and Polymers

Development of Highly Efficient Carbon-Circulation

Chemical System

Technology Development of High Efficient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control

Method and Breeding Method

ChemicalProcesses

Energy Generation

Solar Cell and SolarEnergy Systems

Waste-HeatRecovery Technology

High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN Wafers

Systemsand Devices

Energy Saving

Light-Weight Materials

Ultra Heat-ResistantMaterials

Heat Resistant Materials forNext-Gen. Thermal Power Plants

SC* Systems

Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for

High-Efficiency Energy Equipment Systems

SC* Electric Power Equipmentusing Liq.H2 CoolingNext-Generation

Smart CommunityPhoton management and

optical engineering

*SC: Superconducting


07

Top Down Proposal Technology Area T1

Special unit for Li metal anode research

Kazuhito HashimotoCoordinator, Team of system research

and strategy review

Program Officer (PO)

Kohei Uosaki

Integrated team leader

Kiyoshi Kanamura

Accelerating and promoting team for practical application Kiyoshi Kanamura

Metal-Air Battery ST*

* Sub Team

Magnesium MetalBattery ST*

Next Generation Battery Team

Kiyoshi Kanamura

METI and N

EDO

Governing Board

Battery Research Platform

Provision of outcome

Evaluation, analysis & common material technology

The board consists of experts related to the business for research and development of battery, and officers of MEXT and METI and related research institutes.

Conduct procedures common to all teams, such as the analysis, support for battery assembly, and providing commonly used materials

Analysis, support for battery assembly, safety evaluation, etc.

Battery integrationtechnology

Cathode

Electrolyte

Mg metal anode


Cathode

Electrolyte

Li metal anodeLi metal anodeLi metal anode

Battery integration technology

Cathode / Anode

Electrolyte

Lithium-Sulfur Battery Team

Masayoshi Watanabe



Electrolyte analysis and evaluation of interface

Cathode / AnodeCathode / Anode

Sulfide-based ST* Oxide-based ST*

All-Solid-State Battery Team

Masahiro Tatsumisago

Consolidating the accumulated outcome of battery research and elemental technologies, and incorporating interdisciplinary knowledge, we promote a project research to accelerate the fun-damental and basic research for practical use. Specifi cally, we do the R&D on leading candidates for the next-generation batteries such as an “all-solid state battery”, “Lithium-Sulfur battery with electrolyte cathode” and “advanced generation battery” including the multivalent ion bat-tery. In addition, we newly organize accelerating and promoting team for the practical use basi-cally comprising a “special research unit for Li metal anode” and “analysis technology and base material technology”. Thus, we take up four team formation, and promote under this system. The optimization group for the comprehensive battery system in each team has the responsibil-ity and exercise leadership for the entire team working together, not only by materials research on such as the active material, the electrolyte and the separator, their mechanisms elucidation or the elemental technology, but also by making the maximum performance as a battery.

Next Generation BatteriesOutline of the area

08


Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the most promising candi-dates for beyond lithium-ion batteries because of its high theoreti-cal energy density. The S-based cathode also has the advantages of high natural abundance, low price, and environmental friendliness. By combining with metallic Li or Si anodes, both of which have high theoretical capacity, and ionic liquid electrolytes, high performance Li-S battery will be realized.

We aim at avoiding the dissolution of intermediates from the S-based cathode, which is a fatal disadvantage in this battery, by utilizing an ion-ic liquid, offering very low solubilization in addition to its non-volatility and non-flammability. The issue of volume change of the cathode and anode materials by discharge and charge will be mitigated by the control of the nano structures. Towards practical use, we extend the research by cooper-ating with the LIBTEC.

We conduct research on All-Solid-State batteries using inorganic solid electrolytes for practical use.

The All-Solid-State battery does not use any flammable electrolytic solution, and accordingly, has been considered to be a highly safe battery that is also free from the risk of electrolyte leakage and is promising for application as an electric vehicle battery. This team is split into two sub-teams, “sulfide-based all-solid-state battery” and “oxide-based all-solid-state battery”, and involves fundamental tech-nologies such as interface fabrication, materials processing, battery design and so on. Especially, the sulfide sub-team has led the research towards practical use upon cooperat-ing with LIBTEC.

The team explores the various advanced generation battery tech-nologies, such as Mg batteries where two electron transfer is possi-ble by divalent ions, metal-air batteries with high theoretical energy density, and batteries running by migration of negative ions (anions).

We focus on the development of innovative batteries which fulfill the requirement from electrical vehicle applications and enable to utilize sustainable natural energy, through the systematic R&D from fundamental material science to prospect battery materializa-tion, and consequent-ly will bring the novel promising battery technology to the light.

All-Solid-State Battery TeamMasahiro TatsumisagoProfessor, Osaka Prefecture University

Lithium-Sulfur Battery TeamMasayoshi WatanabeProfessor, Yokohama National University

Experts are cooperating to address the problems found in each bat-tery system through ALCA-SPRING research.

The special research unit for Li metal anode tackles a safety concern and self-discharge problems of Li metal to realize practical Li-metal secondary batteries. Common issues for battery researches, such as the advanced analysis, battery fabrication, and supply of the base materials, are also all addressed on the ba-sis of the cutting edge facilities and well-or-ganized systems with a support from the battery platform.

Accelerating and Promoting Team for Practical ApplicationKiyoshi KanamuraProfessor, Tokyo Metropolitan University

Next Generation Battery TeamKiyoshi KanamuraProfessor, Tokyo Metropolitan University

2013 2013

2013 2016

Program Officer (PO)Professor Emeritus,

Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYoshiharu Doi

● JST Department of Green Innovation, NEDO Department of material and nanotechnology● JST Program Officer, NEDO project leader, project subleader● Observers: MEXT, METI and Ministry of Environment

Team type and elemental technology type

Interfacial asymmetric organocatalysis

Takuya KitaokaCellulose nanofiber composite plastic foam

Masahiro Ohshima

Specific technology type (cellulose nanofiber)

● White technology for producing chemicals from biomass raw materials is a clean and sustainable technology for manufacturing biomass-based chemicals, which provides an alternative to the use of petroleum-based products.

● Promotion of “team type”, “elemental technology type” and “specific technology type” research. Team type: development of continuous processes for synthesizing biomass-based chemicals / Elemental technology type: solution of technological bottlenecks

for biomass-based polymers / Specific technology type: research and development for next generation cellulose nanofibers

Provision of outcome

Macromolecularpolysaccharide

Waste glyceroland natural rubberSugar Lignin

Thermoplastic resinCreation of high performance

macromolecular polysaccharide bioplastic upon utilizing the

characteristic of polysaccharide

Tadahisa Iwata

Wood and grass plant

Forming high performancemembrane

High heat resistanceand high tensile polyester

Next-generationbiopolymer

Synthetic processwith low environmental load

by solid catalyst

Kiyotaka Nakajima

Glycolic acid polymer

Polymer synthesisby microorganism

Ken’ichiro Matsumoto

Functional polymers containing furan ring

Molecular design and development of synthetic processes

Yuya Tachibana

Super-urushiol(Artificial Japanese lacquer)

Marinemicroorganism

Corearomatic

monomer

Creation of aromatic polymer material(Artificial Japanese lacquer)

by a catalyst of marine microorganismwhich degrades lignin

Yukari Ohta

Muconic acid

Production of muconic acidfrom lignin

Tomonori Sonoki

High performance polymers

Conversion of prepared lignin into materials

Kazuhiro Shikinaka

1,3-propanediol

Microbial conversionof waste glycerol

Toshiaki Nakajima-Kambe

High performance rubberDevelopment of reaction controlling technology

Yuko Ikeda

NED

O: Technical developm

ent of producing processof chem

icals from inedible plants

Joint Meeting

Cellulose nanofiber composite plastic foam

Masahiro Ohshima


09

It is expected that the creation of chemicals from biomass by the white biotechnology will largely contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission in light of carbon neutral and energy-sav-ing. In order to develop a practical production process of the biomass based chemicals, it is extremely important to establish the fundamental technologies in the based chemical industries such as (i) effi cient separation of objective biomass components, (ii) chemical-engineered and biological-engineered conversion into core chemicals, and (iii) synthesis of high performance polymers and utilization thereof. An innovative elemental technology in the throughout process for producing high added-value chemicals from biomass will be developed to establish the bio-mass-based chemical industry.

Operationally we cooperate not only within the ALCA technology area but also with other JST programs. In addition, in order to effectively promote the cooperation among the projects with “Technical development of producing process of chemicals from inedible plants” in NEDO, a joint meeting comprising JST, NEDO and concerned parties for the project are established.

White BiotechnologyOutline of the area

Top Down Proposal Technology Area T2

In the ALCA white biotechnology, attention is focused on the polymer material as a fi nal product. We promote development of synthesis and a material design for high polymer properties such as high thermal resistance, high strength and also the development of a process for effectively producing a monomer chemical. Operation-ally, this technology area consists of three types of the team type,

the elemental technology type and the specifi c technology type. The research and development on “vertical integration type team research”, “elemental technology research for solving the techno-logical bottleneck” and “next-generation cellulose fi ber” is mainly conducted for 5 fi scal years in each type.

High-performance bioplastics are innovatively synthesized from polysaccharides extracted from nature or produced by enzymatic polymerization with keeping their characteristic structures. New products with high added-value and environmental harmonization are developed.

Extraction

DerivatizationInjectionmolding

Injection-molded productof cellulose derivatives

Plant stem (straw and the like)and Wood

O H O

O H O

OHO H O

H O H O

m

O

Cellulose

Innovative Synthesis of High-Performance Bioplastics from PolysaccharidesTadahisa IwataProfessor, The University of Tokyo

The non-food biomass containing lignin is pre-treated with an en-vironmental harmonized type approach. By using the so-obtained product, phenyl propanone aromatic monomers are selectively manufactured by using the set of enzymes of marine mi-croorganisms. Further, the monomers will be functionally developed into a “super urushi material” by chemical cata-lysts.

Enzym

es from

marine microorganisms

Non-food biomass containing lignin

Creation of superurushi material

Platform aromaticmonomers

Environmental harmonizedtype pretreatmentLignin degrading enzymes with high activityAcquisition of new enzymes and structural biological improvement

From marine or subsurfacemicroorganisms

Crystal structure NMR reaction analysis

Coenzyme

Bindingsite

Development of Bioprocess using Marine Microbial Enzymes for Effi cient Lignin Degradation and Catalytic Generation of Super-Urushiol from Lignin MonomersYukari OhtaLecturer, Gunma University Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness

10


An environmental benign production of dicarboxylic acids and di-ols from non-edible and biomass-derived carbohydrates has been de-veloped with stable and highly active heterogeneous catalysts. These compounds are readily available as raw mate-rials for useful plastics as re-placements of fossil fuel-de-rived polyesters.

Catalytic Production of Di-Carboxylic Acids and Diols from Biomass-Derived CarbohydratesKiyotaka NakajimaAssociate professor, Hokkaido University

Polyalkylene furanate resin, a next-generation biopolymer as a replacement of conventional aromatic polyester・ High thermal resistance, tensile

strength, and gas barrier property・ Easy-processability

Team TypeIn the Team-type, individual research units are vertically integrated towards the creation of the biomass-based functional polymers and the

key chemical compounds.

2015

2015

2015

As furfural having furan ring is fatally produced from cellulose and hemicellulose due to the cost competitive edge, the polymer having furan ring would be produced from biomass. We are devel-oping the “bio-based” highly functional polymer with the addition of the peculiar function using the structural characteristics of furan ring.

Development of Highly Functional Polymer using Structural Characteristics of Furan RingYuya TachibanaAssociate Professor, Gunma University

Sugar-Independent Bioproduction of Muconic AcidTomonori SonokiAssociate professor, Hirosaki University

We develop a microbial process for effectively producing mucon-ic acid which can be utilized for a wide variety of phenolic polym-erization from lignin.

By constituting an ar-tificial polymer synthetic system in microorganism, a plastic which is superi-or in degradability is syn-thesized from renewable sugar biomass.

Development of Microbial Process for Production of Glycolate-Based Polymers from SugarsKen'ichiro MatsumotoProfessor, Hokkaido University

Lignocellulosic biomass

Lignin-relatedaromatics

Muconicacid

PretreatmentSaccharification

Sugars fromholocellulose

Muconic acid productionfrom non-sugar feedstocks

Non-use of sugars

In this program, we will prepare sustainable yet effective method for utilization of lignnocellulosic biomass. The effective extraction of lignin and polysaccharides will be achieved by ultrafi ne bead milling and enzymatic saccharifi cation for plants that never needs some toxic reagents. Furthermore, the obtained lignin will be used as materials with non-fl ammable, shape memory, and ultraviolet absorption characteristics. In the future, we aim a creation of “Ag-ricultural Industry” in which polysaccharide and lignin of plants are used as sugar/alcohol and high performance polymer, respectively.

Extraction and Utilization of Lignin via Sustainable ProcessKazuhiro ShikinakaSenior Researcher, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Extraction and utilization of lignin via sustainable process 　　　　Kazuhiro Shikinaka Assistant Professor, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology　　　　

In this program, we will prepare sustainable yet effective method for utilization of lignnocellulosic biomass. The effective extraction of lignin and polysaccharides will be achieved by ultrafine bead milling and enzymatic saccharification for plants that never needs some toxic reagents. Furthermore, the obtained lignin will be used as materials with non-flammable, shape memory, and ultraviolet absorption characteristics. In the future, we aim a creation of "Agricultural Industry" in which polysaccharide and lignin of plants are used as sugar/alcohol and high performance polymer, respectively.

Elemental technology

Development of highly functional polymer using structural characteristics of furan ring　　　　Yuya Tachibana Assistant Professor, Gunma University　　　　

• As furfural having furan ring is fatally produced from cellulose and hemicellulose due to the cost competitive edge, the polymer having furan ring would be produced from biomass. We are developing the "bio-based" highly functional polymer with the addition of the peculiar function using the structural characteristics of furan ring.

Agriproduct

Inedible waste

Agriproduct

Inedible waste

Food

Chemical Conversion

Industrial process

Furan derivatives

O R

Furan monomer 重合

O

Fossil resources

O n

Furan-based polymer

Development of highly functional polymer using structural characteristics

of furan ring

Elemental technology


11

Elemental Technology TypeIn the Elemental Technology type, research and development is individually conducted in order to solve the technological bottlenecks in the

creation of the biomass-based functional polymers and the key chemical compounds.

2016

20162015

2015


In order to reduce carbon dioxide emission and establish security and a safe society, a technology for controlling the vulcanization for rubbers is consolidated in view of biodiversity and biosecurity of natural rubber.

New Development of Natural Rubber by Technological Innovation of VulcanizationYuko IkedaProfessor, Kyoto Institute of Technology

The production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) which is a polymer ingredient is sought from the waste glycerol obtained through the manufacturing the biodiesel fuel.

Microbial Conversion into Polymer Ingredient from Biofuel Waste Based BiomassToshiaki Nakajima-KambeProfessor, University of Tsukuba

An unexpected combination of wood nanocellulose and organo-catalysts provides new insight into asymmetric synthesis with high catalytic effi ciency and high stereo-selectivity.

Nanocellulose Controls Molecular Chirality in Heterogeneous Asymmetric OrganocatalysisTakuya KitaokaProfessor, Kyushu University

CNF as a multifunctional additive is composited and foamed with a plastic in a way that hundreds of billions of pores a nanometer in size are formed in a material and the weight per unit volume of the material is reduced to a tenth or less of its original weight, thereby foams having high thermal resistant property are created.

Preparation of Cellulose Nanofi ber Composite Plastic Foam with Ultralight and High Insulation PerformancesMasahiro OhshimaProfessor, Kyoto University

1μm

100nm300μm

200μm

Gas molecules are trapped into spaces smaller than mean free path in size

Conventional heat insulating material Nanocellular CNF composite (image diagram)

The cell wall is strengthened by CNF

Superfinecellular foam

moldingtechnology

+CNF

Specifi c Technology TypeIn the Specifi c Technology type, the next-generation cellulose nano-fi bers are focused.

12

20152015

2015 2015

High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN WaferKenji TaniguchiSpecially Appointed Professor, Osaka University

In this project, a high-quality and large-diameter GaN wafer is developed to reduce energy and power losses in power devices and LEDs. Specifi cally, by reducing the crys-tal defects which affect the electrical property and by enlarging the wafer diameter, mass production and cost-saving of the devices can be possible.

In order to do that, using the Na fl ux method and point seed method, disloca-tion-free and non-strained crystals are grown from small seed crystals. In this way, 6-inch GaN wafers can be produced where are 100/cm2 in line dislocation defect den-sity and zero/cm2 in screw dislocation defect density. In addition, superior electrical property can be obtained in a diode fabricated thereon, and it was confi rmed that the reduction of the crystal defect was extremely effective for the device performance.

Just like in the case of Si semiconductors and compound semiconductors, the sub-strates with low crystal defect density is indispensable for producing excellent devices. However, it takes a long time and signifi cant cost to produce them.

In this project, higher quality and larger diameter GaN crystal is largely improved upon developing a crystal growing apparatus. Finally, we aim at the mass production of the high quality 8-inches or more GaN wafer and low power loss devices and LEDs.

2012

Production of point seed

Crystal growth by Na flux method

Point seed GaN template

Our group promotes crystal growth of GaN with large diameter and low crystal defects. High quality GaN crystals are expected for power devices and LED substrate. Combination of the Na fl ux method and the point seed method, which is our new technique, achieved the production of GaN wafer with 100/cm2 in dislocation defect density and 6 inches in diameter. Our next goal is development of low-cost technology for producing 8 inches GaN wafers with comparable quality of Si wafers.

Over 8-inch Large-Diameter GaN Wafers for Energy-Saving Devices

Yusuke Mori Professor, Osaka University

Enabling Technology Project E1


13


14

The energy system utilizing hydrogen as fuel or energy carrier is expected to greatly reduce the emission of CO2, and various research and development is being conduct-ed. In this project, an energy equipment system integrating the hydrogen technology and the superconductive technology, in which hydrogen is utilized in the form of liquid hydrogen also as extremely low temperature refrigerant, is developed as inno-vative low carbon technology. The superconductive electrical equipment with liquid hydrogen cooling is expected to be technology to improve the effi ciency and to lower the CO2 emission in the system and are largely progressed. These include the super-conductive power generator with liquid hydrogen cooling applicable for the power generation system utilizing the hydrogen turbine and the controlling system for elec-trical system in which the fuel battery and the super conductive energy storage such as SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) are combined as an energy storage device suppressing the output power fl uctuations of the renewable energy.

Hence, focused on the superconductive coil with liquid hydrogen cooling at a technical level for equipment application, a project is conducted by organically co-operating the various technologies from the applicable low cost superconductive long-length superconductive wires based on MgB2 wires, REBCO superconductive wires and so on, to the cryogenic technology by liquid hydrogen and the equipment systems technology such as magnets and rotators, thereby accelerating the research and development for practical use.

Superconducting Electric Power Equipment using Liquid Hydrogen CoolingHiroyuki OhsakiProfessor, The University of Tokyo


Based on the development for MgB2 superconducting wires in the past ALCA project, we develop 100m-1km long class single- and multi-fi lamen-tary MgB2 superconducting wires applying an internal Mg diffusion process with the fi laments composed of an intermediate B powder layer and an Mg core at the center. We investigate the prepared superconducting wires in detail, such as the microstructure of fi laments and the local critical-current variations, and give feedback on the manufacturing process of supercon-ducting wires. As such, we are aiming to develop a high-performance and low-cost MgB2 superconducting wire with the applicable level critical- cur-rent property at the temperature of liquid hydrogen (20K) and at 5T in mag-netic fi eld. Further, long developed superconducting wires will be supplied to the Hamajima group and the Shirai group in ALCA Enabling Tech.

Development of High Performance MgB2 Long Conductors

Hiroaki KumakuraSenior Scientist With Special Missions, National Institute for Materials Science

Cross sectional photograph(prior to heat treatment)

Diameter: 0.88 mm

A 100m-long class single core MgB2 superconducting wire having iron sheath (covering) has been manufactured. In the future, highly stable longitudinal MgB2 superconducting wire having copper (alloy) coating will be developed, based on the same technique.

2010

15

42% of the global CO2 emission is caused by thermal electric power generation. In addition, since the amount of the thermal electric power generation which occupies 68% of the current total electric power in the world is estimated to increase 1.4 times over or more in 2040, it is strongly requested that a next-generation thermal electric power generation system of the low CO2-emission will be created.

Due to the law of thermodynamics, the thermal engine commencing with the gas turbine increases its electric power generation effi ciency by operating at a high tem-perature thereby being an extremely effective means for decreasing CO2 emission. The largest factor limiting the operational temperature is heat resistant materials. It is indispensable to develop a new ultrahigh heat resistant material which complies with the requirement for the operation at high temperature and high effi cacy in various methods such as coal-fi red thermal power, natural gas-fi red power and so on.

In this project, we will seek to further promote the ALCA R&D so far as follows: (a) materials allowing higher effi ciency thermal electric power generation such as gas turbine at 1800°C and thermal electric power generation at 800°C, (b) ferrite heat-re-sistance steel for thermal electric power generation at 700°C, (c) recyclable Ni-based superalloy.

In this way, we establish a basis for the empirical research in collaboration with industry in 5-years and social implementation in 2030 as well.

Atomic resolution STEM image of Ledge-Terrace structure of the interphase boundary in MoSi2/Mo5Si3 duplex phase single-crystal alloy.

New Heat Resistant Materials for Low CO2 Emission Type Next-Generation Thermal Electric Power Generation

Kohmei HaladaEmeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science

2010

It is possible to develop Fe based alloys with excellent creep resis-tance compatible to Ni based alloys!! In the fi rst stage of ALCA project, we have worked on designing Fe based alloys as a potential heat re-sistant material for 800 °C class AUSC power plants with signifi cant-ly increased effi ciency, where we have established a design principle using a new strengthening mechanism, “grain boundary precipitation strengthening (GBPS)” and have demonstrated a possibility of its indus-trialization from the view of both creep strength and steam oxidation resistance. In the present project, we are going to develop elemental technologies for manufacturing steel pipes for boiler heat exchangers and turbine casing materials based on the established design principle with industrial partners.

Elemental Technology for Design and Manufacturing of Innovative 1073K Class Super Austenitic Heat-Resistant Steels

Masao TakeyamaProfessor, Tokyo Institute of Technology

Microstructure of super-heat resistant steel

Comparison of the creep rupture strengthwith the existing alloys (○◇□△●◆■▲)

Under an entirely new concept of Brittle/Brittle multi-phase material, super high-temperature materials based on MoSi2 will be developed by simultaneously achieving high thermal stability of microstructures, high strength and high toughness through controlling atomic structures of interphase boundaries and partitioning and segregation behaviors of alloying elements. In addition, we contribute to the realization of the burning temperature of 1800°C in gas turbine engines, which cannot be achieved with conventionally available alloys.

Development of MoSi2-Based Brittle/Brittle Multi-Phase Single-Crystal Alloys

Haruyuki InuiProfessor, Kyoto University

2010



16

We conduct research on recyclable technology that re-uses a turbine blade as a material having the equivalent or more of the original superalloy by re-solving the used nickel-base superalloy turbine blade in calcia crucible, removing impurities such as sulfur.

2013

The purpose of this ALCA research is to reduce CO2 emission by improving thermal efficiency and lowering the consumption of fossil fuel, and is also to largely disseminate the several kinds of gas turbines made with the direct and complete recycling method of the next-gen-eration superalloy turbine blade material for which the higher cost is constrictive for its dissemination by reducing the life time cost to one fourth. There are two causes for alloy composition change and material deterioration; (i)change of main element con-centration by the diffu-sion from metal coating and (ii)a contamination of impurity element de-pending on the environ-ment such as sulfur. We aim to suppress them, to establish the recyclable technology while main-taining 100% strength and oxidation resistance, and to scale up to the extent that we can pro-duce a large ingot.

Development of Direct and Complete Recycling Method for Superalloy Turbine Aerofoils

Hiroshi HaradaResearch Adviser, National Institute for Materials Science

17

Under the globalization trend of the economy, transporting equipment has started to occupy a larger position. A weight saving design for components such as pistons and the like can largely improve the energy efficiency, and also contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission, as well as reduce the weight of the mobile body in auto-mobiles and aircrafts etc. The largest factor resulting in such a weight saving design is to employ a light-weight material. However, many of materials which are expected to be light-weight material have a relatively short history, and such material is greatly inferior to conventional material, in a comprehensive view not only of properties under a severe use environment as the mobile body and the driving portion, but also of those including cost performance and workability.

Focusing on the technological bottlenecks for the development of the future light-weight material, this present project is aiming at disseminating the developed light-weight material and greatly contributing to the reduction of CO2 emission caused by the use of products and elucidating the technology basis for problem solution. More specifically, the project encompasses strong and ductile Mg alloys compatible for Al; a new smelting process of Ti which is expensive because of its refining process cost while largely surpassing the specific strength and the corrosion resistance of steel; and a self-healing function for fracture-crack propagation which is unavoidable for ceramic material. In order to make the paths to solutions clear and socially imple-ment the light-weight material and its manufacturing technology around 2030, we promote the research and development for creating their basis, while strengthening the partnership with the industry.

Innovative Light-Weight Materials for the Forward Energy-Saving SocietyKohmei HaladaEmeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science

Shinkansen model structure which is extruded with high speed using a newly developed Mg-Al-Ca-Mn based dilute alloy

2012

In order to reduce CO2 emission from transportation vehicles by the weight reduction, strong, formable and low cost wrought Mg alloy is developed. To make it truly applicable to transportation vehicles, the developed alloy needs to have comparable room temperature forma-bility and high strength with Al alloys. Using precipitation hardenable alloy, randomly oriented grain structure is formed to achieve the excel-lent formability, and nano-scale precipitates are dispersed to strength-en the final product. By establishing techniques to form such ideal microstructure based on the simulation studies and experiments, inno-vative wrought Mg alloys which can be used like Al alloy is developed.

Innovative Development of Strong and Formable Wrought Magnesium Alloys for Light-Weight Structural Applications

Shigeharu KamadoProfessor, Nagaoka University of Technology



18

As a part of reduction of GHG emission, it is promoted to create the future low carbon society where renewable energy is aggressively introduced. In this project, we aim at creating and socially implementing the science-based core technology with an eye on a disaster resilient smart community which hopes to be a low carbon and autonomous distributed energy community, for core social infrastructure such as buildings, platforms, transportation and so on.

We develop new high-effi ciency solar battery revised from material level and an innovative power storage device which balances fl uctuation in electricity generated by the amount of sunlight and variation in the amount of consumption by season and period of time.

In addition, by combining the high energy density battery and the high-effi ciency fuel cell with high output and long-life to the developed high-effi cacy solar battery, the stable supply of recyclable energy in the smart community is sought after.

Further, we also attempt to realize an advanced energy consumption saving by introducing an innovative heat insulating technology and low power consumption electric equipment.

In this project, we integrate the accumulated elemental technologies in the ALCA research so far and enhance the cooperation with the industry. In this way, we make each elemental technology closer to the practical use phase, and intend to contribute the formation of a low carbon society.

Next-Generation Smart CommunityShigehito DekiProfessor Emeritus, Kobe University


2010

The carbon alloy catalysts which have been developed by Ozaki et al. are innovative carbon materials which are expected to be substi-tute for noble metal catalysts used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Through past ALCA re-search the catalyst having a per-formance of about 650 mW/cm2 in maximum output was developed.

In the future, the characterization of the carbon alloy catalyst and an effort for securing long-term durability will be conducted and diffusion of proton exchange membrane fuel cells will fi nally be promoted to contribute to the formation of a next-generation smart community.

Development and Evaluation of Carbon Alloys with Electrocatalytic Activity for Cathode Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Jun-ichi OzakiProfessor, Gunma University

Powder of carbon alloy catalyst

High magnifi cation imageand model of nano-shell structure

Transmission-type electron microscope image of nano-shell carbon

(one of the carbon alloy catalysts)


19

2010

A novel hybrid supercapacitor (Advanced Hybrid Capacitor; AdHiCapTM), which utilizes a water based electrolyte with a solid electrolyte was developed. This new ground breaking supercapacitor affords 10 times higher energy density compared to current state-of-the-art hybrid capacitors and has supe-rior safety. As part of the on-going R&D of the AdHiCapTM based on ALCA

project, we have now improved the long-term stability of the water stable Li-based anode.

Our performance goal is 400 Wh/kg in en-ergy density and 3 kWh/kg in power density, which should be realized through further im-provement in anode performance as well as new electrolytes.

Development of Advanced Hybrid Capacitor (AdHiCap)

Wataru SugimotoProfessor, Shinshu University

The newly developed 4 V water based hybrid capacitor (AdHiCapTM)

By using a water stable lithium anode in combination with a high capacity supercapacitor electrode as the cathode, a 4 V cell voltage is achieved even when using aqueous electrolyte, realizing both safety and environmental benigness.

2011

We will develop novel high performance, durable electrodes in a solid oxide electrolysis cell for hydrogen production / power genera-tion (solid oxide fuel cell mode), which can be applied as a reversibly operating device for a load-leveling of large-scale electric power from renewable energy such as photovoltaics or wind-power plants. We will also examine to establish a fabrication process of the cell/stacks, and clarify the subjects for constructing a practical system.

Development of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for Effi cient Hydrogen Production and Power Generation in the Fuel Cell Mode

Hiroyuki UchidaProfessor, CERC, University of Yamanashi

Solid oxide electrolyte

O2-

O2

H2OH2O

Storage

SOEC

Heat supply

Heat (low temp.)

SOFC

Heat recovery

Electricity(matching

with demand)

Heat

Low-carbonsociety

Oxygen tankHydrogen tank

H2

Renewable electricity

SOEC

SOFC

SOFC

SOEC

SOEC/SOFC Reversible Operation System for Long-Term and Large-Scale Storage of Renewable Electricity

O2-

YSZO2-O2- O2-O2-

Ni (nm-size)He- H2OH2

O2-O2- O2-O2-

Mixed conductor（SDC）

O2-

e-

Concept of novel hydrogen electrode

Development of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for Efficient Hydrogen Production and Power Generation in the Fuel Cell Mode Hiroyuki Uchida Professor, University of Yamanashi

We will develop novel high performance, durable electrodes in a solid oxide electrolysis cell for hydrogen production / power generation (solid oxide fuel cell mode), which can be applied as a reversibly operating device for a load-leveling of large-scale electric power from renewable energy such as photovoltaics or wind-power plants. We will also examine to establish a fabrication process of the cell/stacks, and clarify the subjects for constructing a practical system.

2011

20 cm2 cell （in electric furnace）

Gas supply section

Gas humidifier

Durability test system

内田先生の写真2枚目スライド1の図と並べてください。和文を参考。

2012

This project aims to develop a metal hydride/air secondary battery consisting of a metal hydride electrode, an alkaline solution, and a bi-functional air electrode, in which electric energy is stored with wa-ter decomposition and is generated with water production. Water is the only active mass of this battery, providing a potential of high safety even with an increase in energy density, which is quite different from other types of secondary batteries. One of the targets in this project is to achieve a high energy density over 1500 Wh/L or 500 Wh/kg which is impossible to realize with lithium ion secondary batteries.

Development of MH/Air Secondary Battery

Masatsugu MorimitsuProfessor, Doshisha UniversityDevelopment of MH/Air Secondary BatteryMasatsugu

MorimitsuProfessor, Doshisha University

2012

This project aims to develop a metal hydride/air secondary battery consisting of a metal hydride electrode, an alkaline solution, and a bi-functional air electrode, in which electric energy is stored with water decomposition and is generated with water production. Water is the only active mass of this battery, providing a potential of high safety even with an increase in energy density, which is quite different from other types of secondary batteries. One of the targets in this project is to achieve a high energy density over 1500 Wh/L or 500 Wh/kg which is impossible to realize with lithium ion secondary batteries.

Fig. 1 Reactions of MH/air secondary battery

Fig. 2 Photo of MH/air laminate cell

P23左下_盛満先生実用技術化_スマートコミュ1課題

20

To develop a new catalyst and a reacting process for effectively producing bio-mass-based chemicals and polymer materials from a carbon-neutral resource is an important science and technology issue for establishing a low carbon society. Actu-ally, its research and development is aggressively promoted in various countries in this context. For practical use, there are various issues such as cost reduction of the biomass product, improvement of performance, reduction of the environmental load, and the like, in order to compete with the current petrochemical industry. Especially, it is strongly requested to create a well-designed energy-saved producing process with cost advantage and chemicals and polymer materials with high added-value.

In the present project, we aim at developing game-changing biomass conversion technologies such as highly added-value biomass-based chemicals, high-performance biomass-based polymer, high-effi ciency and rapid synthesis catalysts and enzymes, and an environment-conscious process for target products.

On the basis of biomass-related technology which has previously accumulated in the ALCA contributes to the formation of a low carbon society, by stepping up the technology for practical use, and by developing innovative high-effi cacy biomass con-verting process, while cooperating with other projects.

Highly Effi cient Production Process for Biomass-Based Chemicals and PolymersYoshiharu DoiProfessor Emeritus,Tokyo Institute of Technology

Glucose

Microbialfermentation

Aromatic amine

Biopolyimide having best thermal resistanceHigh thermal resistant

transparent film

Aromatic diamine(monomer)

Photoreaction

ProcessingPolymerization

2010

A fermentation system of microorganism, which produces 4-amino-cinnamic acids having the ideal structure as materials of super engineer-ing plastics in large amounts, is established and the super engineering bioplastics which are compatible with the metal substituting materials are developed. Further, a method of recycling with biodegradation for stocking carbon as carbon dioxide in the material system over the long term is developed, and creation of new concept of “carbon minus ma-terial”, which is a game changer for carbon neutral, is conducted.

Generation of Super-Engineering Plastics using Microbial Biomass

Tatsuo KanekoProfessor, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology


-OH

O

OHOH

Intramolecular reactions

By-products

Intermolecular side reactions

Water

TiO2

O O=P

TiO octahedron6TiO Lewis acid sites4

O O

O

O O

OTi

TiO

O

2012

Based on cellulose-containing biomass, we are aiming at produc-ing furan-based monomers such as 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and 2,5-bis (aminomethyl) furan (AMF) and the like through 5-(hy-droxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF). By solving this science and tech-nology problem, we can sustainably achieve engineering plastics and high added-value polymers without using fossil resources and the CO2

emission.

Development of Multifunctional Heterogeneous Catalysts

Michikazu HaraProfessor, MSL, Tokyo Institute of Technology


21

BuOH phaseLowmoleculelignin

Phenols

Resin additive

Petrochemicalproduct

SugarsFunctionalizedmaterial

Water phaseSugar derived fromhemicellulose

130 to 300°CSeveral to 10 MPa

Mixed solventof water/BuOH

OH

OH

Solid

Solid cellulose

Fractionation

2012

By separating cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin constituting woody based and glass plant based biomasses and by developing technology converting each component centered on lignin into useful chemical substances, it can lead to the development of a system for creating all resources of biomasses.

Development of Isolating and Manufacturing Technology of Single-Cyclic Aromatics from Natural Polycyclic Aromatics

Takao MasudaProfessor, Hokkaido University

We will develop new processes for the production of chemicals by depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass catalyzed by activated car-bons, which contribute to CO2 emissions reduction in our society. In-expensive carbon materials are used as catalysts and we aim for the synthesis of valuable pentoses and hexoses from cellulose and hemicel-lulose in real biomass. Lignocellulose will be totally used by converting lignin into catalyst or fuel. We will also study the structure-activity rela-tionship in catalysis and utilize it in the design of new catalysts.

Depolymerization of Lignocellulose Catalyzed by Activated Carbons

Atsushi FukuokaProfessor, ICAT, Hokkaido University

2013

Depolymerization of Lignocellulose Catalyzed by Activated Carbons

Atsushi Fukuoka

Professor, ICAT, Hokkaido University

2013

We will develop new processes for the production of chemicals by depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass catalyzed by activated carbons, which contribute to CO2 emissions reduction in our society. Inexpensive carbon materials are used as catalysts and we aim for the synthesis of valuable pentosesand hexoses from cellulose and hemicellulose in real biomass. Lignocellulose will be totally used by converting lignin into catalyst or fuel. We will also study the structure-activity relationship in catalysis and utilize it in the design of new

ValuablesBiomass

CO2

Photo-synthesis

Reduction of CO2

emission

DegradationCombustion

Carbon catalyst

Depolymerization

P40右上-P41__辰巳PO担当5課題

22

The stoma present on the epidermis of a plant is a sole in-let of carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis which is the plant-inherent metabolic reac-tion. It has been known that the stomatal resistance which is cre-ated in incorporating carbon di-oxide through the stoma is one

Promotion of Photosynthesis and Plant Productivity by Controlling Stomatal Aperture

Toshinori KinoshitaProfessor, ITbM, Nagoya University

2010

Stomatal opening induced by Chemical X1 and X2

Control

Wild type Transgenic line

Chemical X1 Chemical X2

Wild type Transgenic line

of the main rate restricting steps for photosynthesis. In the present research, a molecular mechanism for stomatal opening and closing is elucidated, and creation of a plant body in which the stomatal aperture is artifi cially controlled and identifi -cation of a compound controlling the stomatal aperture are addressed to seek the improvement of the photosynthesis activity (CO2 uptake) and the plant productivity.

Production of Effective Biomass Materials with Bioresource TechnologyAkihiko KondoProfessor, Kobe University

Biomass can be converted into a useful bioresource such as bioethanol, bioplastic, core chemical and others upon CO2 fi xation, and is expected to contribute to reduc-ing GHG emission. While various biomass production research projects are currently promoted both within and outside Japan, there exist many hurdles for the practical use such as stability and reproducibility in the open air and open system, the cost for purifying a target material and so on.

This ALCA project aims for enhancement of the biomass production and the effec-tive utilization of its useful component by gene modifi cation and metabolic control, in order to effectively utilize CO2 which is fi xed by the biological body from the en-vironment. Our project will contribute to the achievement of a low carbon society, conducting R&D based on the output of ALCA research so far with knowledge and technology linkage.


We have isolated thermotolerant microbes from tropical environ-ment, and also acquired thermally adapted strains by means of exper-imental evolution. Using these thermotolerant and/or thermo-adapted strains, we have aimed at developing “high-temperature fermentation system”, and also at elucidating the mechanism of thermotolerance or thermal adaptation. Our approaches enable us to establish low-cost and robust fermentation systems, which could lead to Low Carbon So-ciety by supporting the development of White biotechnology.

Genome-Based Research and Development of Thermo-Tolerant Microbes Aiming at Low-Cost Fermentation

Kazunobu MatsushitaProfessor, Yamaguchi University

2011


23

We are discovering unknown symbiotic actions on the surface of aquatic plants and creating highly functional vegetation units that are rationally redesigned. Thus developed highly functional vegetation unit without genetic modifi cation absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus contained in wastewater as well as atmospheric CO2 at high-speed as fertilizer and purifi es water with light energy. Furthermore, its high growth rate enables effi cient production of useful biomass containing abundant starch and protein etc.

Effective Aquatic Biomass Production utilizing Mutualistic Microorganisms

Masaaki MorikawaProfessor, Hokkaido University

2011

2014

The targets of this study are low grade methane emitted from wastewater treatment facilities and landfi lls and organic waste that potentially produces methane amounting to 1/9 of the used amount of natural gas. We will synthesize microbial cells with high methanol productivity through metabolic engineering, immobilize them in a high density by an original method using an adhesive protein, construct a gas-phase process without babbling and stirring, and convert methane into methanol, which is important as fuel and a hub chemical.

Methane/Methanol Conversion by an Innovative Bioprocess using Gas Phase Microbial Reaction

Katsutoshi HoriFull Professor, Nagoya University

Methane/Methanol Conversion by an Innovative Bioprocess Using Gas Phase Microbial Reaction Katsutoshi Hori Full Professor, Nagoya University

2014

The targets of this study are low grade methane emi8ed from wastewater treatment facili:es and landfills and organic waste that poten:ally produces methane amoun:ng to 1/9 of the used amount of natural gas. We will synthesize microbial cells with high methanol produc:vity through metabolic engineering, immobilize them in a high density by an original method using an adhesive protein, construct a gas-‐phase process without babbling and s:rring, and convert methane into methanol, which is important as fuel and a hub chemical.

ataA遺伝子遺伝子

Gas-phase methanol production by a highly adhesive microbe with high productivity

sensor protein

metabolic engineering

screening of thermophiles

ataA geneAdhesive protein AtaA of Acinetobacter

compost

Protein etc.

Sewage

Eutrified water

Wastewater from food industry

Agricultural wastewater

N, P

CO2

Biomass

Fuels AcceleratorPlatform Handle

High conc. CO2

COCOCO

Duckweed

Microalgae

PGPB

Starch

SugarSugar

Protein etc.

PGPB

Starch

Sugar

Fuels × Platform × Accelerator × Handle optimization for efficient aquatic biomass production and highly functional vegetation unit

PMRB

Fertilizer Natural aquaplants Symbionts Symbionts and stimulants

PGPB：plant growth-promoting bacteriaPMRB：plant metabolism-regulating bacteria

Symbionts and stimulants

Highly Functional Vegetation Unit

Symbionts Symbionts and stimulants

Protein etc.Protein etc.

PMRB

High-yield biomass

High quality Biomass

HydrogenMethane

EthanolButanol

Lactate

Succinate

Solid Fuel

Oil

New function

Hydrogen

SuccinateSuccinateSuccinateSuccinateSuccinateSuccinate

Methane

New function

High quality High quality High quality High quality Solid Fuel

2014

An intracellular transport called “cytoplasmic streaming” occurs in the cell of every plant. We have shown that artifi cial increase in the velocity of myosin enhanced the plant size of Arabidopsis concomitant with the acceleration of the cytoplasmic streaming.

The purpose of this project is development of a platform system for biomass enhancement through increasing myosin velocity further and applying it not only to Arabidopsis but to rice.

Artifi cial Control of Cytoplasmic Streaming as a Platform System for Plant Biomass Enhancement

Motoki TominagaAssociate Professor, Waseda University

Artificial Control of Cytoplasmic Streaming as a Platform System for Plant Biomass EnhancementMotoki TominagaAssistant Professor, Waseda University

2014

An intracellular transport called “cytoplasmic streaming” occurs in the cell of every plant. We have shown that artificial increase in the velocity of myosin enhanced the plant size of Arabidopsis concomitant with the acceleration of the cytoplasmic streaming.The purpose of this project is development of a platform system for biomass enhancement through increasing myosin velocity further and applying it not only to Arabidopsis but to rice.

Wild-typemyosin

High-speedmyosin

Low-speedmyosin

P28右上_富永先生実用技術化_生物資源

In order to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, it is requested to expand the production of second generation bioethanol using inedible plant woody material as an ingredient. The present issue is to develop a plant forming a new woody material which can produce bioethanol at a low cost and in large amounts in comparison with a normal wood material, by additionally expressing various genes in a plant which can-not produce the woody material due to mutation of important genes.

Producing New Wood in Plant with No Wood

Nobutaka MitsudaGroup Leader, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

2011

Mutant plant with no secon-dary cell wall

NST3pro TF-VP16/SRDX(1) Individual transformation

(2) Bulk transformation

Increased pro-duction of secon-dary cell wall

Lignin-free cell wall

Lignin modi-fication by enzymatic gene

Lignin addition by transcription factor

Develop-ment of

innovative wood

Screening

P26左下_光田先生図のみ

2012

This proposal is based upon the system of high temperature supercon-ducting induction/synchronous machines, of which pioneering studies have been conducted by Kyoto University and AISIN SEIKI Co., Ltd.-aca-demic group. The team is to make the overwhelming high functionality for the existing machines the ultimate and develop electric drive transport equipments that support low carbon society. With the use of aforemen-tioned rotating machine system, realization of de-rare earth components, optimization of variable speed, and practical direct drive transport equip-ments are executed, and then innovative low carbonization is defi ned clearly.

System of Superconducting Rotating Machines for Transport Equipments that Supports Low Carbon Society

Taketsune NakamuraProgram-Specifi c Professor, Kyoto University

System of Superconduc0ng Rota0ng Machines for Transport Equipments that Supports Low Carbon Society Taketsune Nakamura Program-‐Specific Professor, Kyoto University

2012

This proposal is based upon the system of high temperature superconduc0ng induc0on/synchronous machines, of which pioneering studies have been conducted by Kyoto University and AISIN SEIKI Co., Ltd.-‐academic group. The team is to make the overwhelming high func0onality for the exis0ng machines the ul0mate and develop electric drive transport equipments that support low carbon society. With the use of aforemen0oned rota0ng machine system, realiza0on of de-‐rare earth components, op0miza0on of variable speed, and prac0cal direct drive transport equipments are executed, and then innova0ve low carboniza0on is defined clearly.

Fig. 1 Image of high temperature superconduc0ng rota0ng system for next genera0on transporta0on equipments

(a) Ring-‐winding stator (b) Squirrel-‐cage rotor

Fig. 2 Developed 50 kW class fully superconduc0ng induc0on/synchronous motor

Thermal Conducting body

Stator

Rotor

Shaft

BearingCompressor for cryocooler

24

With the increasing development of low-carbon technology in ALCA, it has become extremely important to improve the effi ciency of power generation and transmission and to lower the energy loss in electric energy utilization because the proportion of electric power consumption in the fi nal energy consumption has been increasing. Previously, in the superconductor-related technology area in ALCA, we focused on further increasing the effi ciency of transportation motorization and applying the su-perconductor technology to it. Electric motors that convert mechanical energy into electric energy have potential applications in electric vehicles, wind power genera-tion, and industrial motors.

In this ALCA Enabling Technology Area, on the basis of innovative technology on electric equipment and systems, we aim at drastically increasing the effi ciency and lowering energy loss by introducing advanced electric and magnetic materials. Simul-taneously, we aim at demonstrating that these technologies can be the key devices in the realization of a low-carbon society. Based on the ALCA research results obtained thus far such as compact superconductive motors with high effi ciency, low-cost high-temperature superconductive wires, and superconducting magnetic separation, we aim at transferring the following research aspects into the practical-use phase within fi ve years： (i) Demonstration of the magnetic separation system for a boiler feedwater scale in thermal power plants. (ii) Demonstration of the high effi ciency and long-term operation of compact superconductive motors. (iii) Development of a low-cost, long-durability, and maintenance-free cryogenic cooling technology. (iv) Development of a low-cost, long superconductive wire cooled by liquid nitrogen and superconductive magnet technology for practical use

Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for High-Effi ciency Energy Equipment Systems

Hiroyuki OhsakiProfessor, The University of Tokyo


It is very effective to use superconducting wires which is zero electric resistance, instead of copper wires, in order to improve the effi ciency of electricity utilization. However, since the present price of supercon-ducting wires is very expensive, they are used only for special purpose such as MRI and MGLEV. In this research, for realizing one tenth of the current price, we try to develop a new low-cost superconducting wire which does not use either expensive noble metal, rare earth or rare metal, and to develop inexpensive manufac-turing process suitable for the low-cost super-conducting wire.

Low-Cost High Temperature Superconducting Wire

Toshiya DoiProfessor, Kyoto University

2011

Low-cost High Temperature Superconducting Wire Toshiya Doi Professor, Kyoto University

Textured Cu tape

protection layer

Stainless steeltape

REBa2Cu3O7

conductive buffer Aconductive buffer B

conductive buffer c

① Oxygen-diffusion blocking layer ② Metal-diffusion blocking layer ③ New buffer layer configuration ④ Low-cost process for REBa2Cu3O7 ⑤ High performance REBa2Cu3O7

2011

It is very effective to use superconducting wires which is zero electric resistance, instead of copper wires, in order to improve the efficiency of electricity utilization. However, since the present price of superconducting wires is very expensive, they are used only for special purpose such as MRI and MGLEV. In this research, for realizing one tenth of the current price, we try to develop a new low-cost superconducting wire which does not use either expensive noble metal, rare earth or rare metal, and to develop inexpensive manufacturing process suitable for the low-cost superconducting wire.


25

We are developing a superconducting magnetic separation system to remove iron oxide scale from high-temperature and high pressure boiler feed-water in thermal power plants.

Reduction of scale maintains high energy conversion effi ciency of the plant and reduce fuel consumption.

We estimate 1.5 million ton of CO2 reduction per year in Japan.

Removing Iron Oxide Particles from Boiler Feed-Water of Thermal Power Plants

Shigehiro NishijimaProfessor, Fukui University of Technology

2013

Removing Iron Oxide Particles from Boiler Feed-Water of Thermal Power Plants Shigehiro Nishijima Professor, Osaka University

Feed-water system of thermal power plant

Boiler

High temperature heater

Pump

Pump

Deaerator

Condenser

Low pressure turbine

High pressure turbine

Superconducting Magnetic sepration system

2013

We are developing a superconducting magnetic separation system to removeiron oxide scale from high-temperature and high pressure boiler feed-water in thermal power plants. Reduction of scale maintains high energy conversion efficiency of the plant and reduce fuel consumption. We estimate 1.5 million ton of CO2 reduction per year in Japan.

We will conduct the research and development of fully superconduct-ing rotating machines using REBCO coated conductors (CCs.). Applying our original technologies for reduction of ac losses as well as for en-hancement of electric current capacity of conductors using plural pieces of REBCO CCs to the armature windings for rotating machines, we will fi rst develop the superconducting armature winding technologies with low AC loss characteristics and a large current capacity. Combination of this superconducting armature with rotating REBCO superconducting fi eld windings makes it possible to install the both windings into the same casing resulting in re-duction of the gap distance and constitute it as a com-pact superconducting syn-chronous rotating machine of high output power den-sity and the high effi ciency. This rotating machine will bring us the realization of the “low-carbon society” through effective energy savings.

REBCO全超伝導回転機の開発

岩熊成卓/九州大学大学院システム情報科学研究院教授

2014

REBCO超伝導テープ線材を用いて

全超伝導回転機の研究開発を行います。REBCO超伝導線材の低交流

損失化と大電流導体化を図る独自技術を用いて、低損失・大電流仕様の超伝導電機子を開発します。回転界磁子には巻線型を採用し、全超伝導機ゆえに界磁子、電機子ともに同一のケーシングに格納することができるため、ギャップを縮小し、高出力密度・高効率の同期機として構成し、省エネを介して低炭素社会の実現を目指します。

図

Development of REBCO Fully Superconducting Rotary Machines

Masataka IwakumaProfessor, Kyushu University

2014

26

Focusing on large amounts of waste heat, our goal in this ALCA Enabling Technol-ogy Project is to surpass the conventional technologies by innovating technologies for waste-heat reduction, recovery, and storage. We especially focus on low-temperature waste heat that is produced massively but is diffi cult to be converted into electricity.

Using waste heat, we develop a highly effi cient steam engine operated at less than 100°C and a thermoacoustic engine operated at less than 300°C. In the latter, we not only examine power generation but also the refrigerating machine.

Waste-Heat Recovery Technology

Kenji TaniguchiSpecially Appointed Professor, Osaka University


Thermoacoustic System for Waste Heat Regeneration with 60% Carnot Effi ciency

Thermoacoustic system for waste heat regeneration with 60% Carnot efficiency Shinya Hasegawa Associate Professor, Tokai Universty

2013

In industries and vehicles, more than 60% thermal energy is thrown away as the waste heat. Moreover, these are dissipated in several places and it is very difficult to recover these wastes. Research works are conducted to reuse these waste heat using the thermoacoustic systems.

In industries and vehicles, more than 60% thermal energy is thrown away as the waste heat. Moreover, these are dissipated in several places and it is very diffi cult to recover these wastes. Research works are con-ducted to reuse these waste heat using the thermoacoustic systems.

Shinya HasegawaAssociate Professor, Tokai Universty

2013


27

Internationally considering the emission-reduction target, we focus on the R&D on lowering the energy loss in optics-based technologies that can contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission. We attempt to lower power consumption in liquid-crystal displays and lighting by suppressing unnecessary light and improving its direction-ality. In addition, we attempt to lower the energy loss and improve the efficiency of light-emitting diodes by optimizing their structure and materials. In this ALCA Enabling Technology project, we examine the germicidal lamp technology in addition to lighting. Moreover, via R&D on solar-cell materials and structures, we effectively utilize solar light and attempt to reduce CO2 emission by decreasing the electricity required for lighting.

More specifically, we investigate new technologies such as perovskite solar cells and tandem one. Moreover, we construct photovoltaic devices separately from pho-todetectors using laser transmission.

Photon Management and Optical Engineering



The ultimate objective of this project is the generation of environ-mentally friendly high-performance perovskite-type solar cells. For this purpose, a series of promising Pb-free perovskite-type semiconductors will be developed, whereby particular focus is placed on highly pure materials. Taking advantage of their intrinsic advantageous characteris-tics, i.e., low fabrication costs, light weight, and flexibility, it should be possible to establish such solar cells as an alternative renewable energy source, which would contribute substantially to the reduction of carbon emission levels and thus make society more sustainable.

Development of High Performance and Environmentally Friendly Perovskite Type Solar Cells

Atsushi WakamiyaProfessor, ICR, Kyoto University

Development of High Performance and Environmentally Friendly Perovskite Type Solar Cells

Atsushi Wakamiya

Accociate Professor, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University

2016

本本研究は、材料の高純度化という切り口で、鉛フリーペロブスカイト系半導体材料を新たに開発し、これらを用いて環境負荷が少なく真に有用な高性能ペロブスカイト太陽電池の開発の実現を目指します。低コスト、軽量、フレキシブルといった本太陽電池の特徴を活かして広く社会実装へとつなげることにより、再生可能エネルギー源としての導入を増加させ、低炭素社会の実現に大きく貢献することを目指します。

図もお使い下さい。

2016


28

Reversible CO2 absorption modules and CO2 separation membranes would be developed by taking advantage of the amine-gel technolo-gies. The modules enable low cost and energy efficient CO2 recycling process.

Development of Low Cost and Energy Efficient CO2 Separation Materials and Proceses using Amine-Gels Technologies

Yu HoshinoAssociate Professor, Kyushu University

2014

Development of low cost and energy efficient CO2 separation materials and proceses using amine-gels technologiesYu HoshinoAssociate Professor, Kyushu University

2014

Reversible CO2 absorption modules and CO2 separation membranes would be developed by taking advantage of the amine-gel technologies. The modules enable low cost and energy efficient CO2recycling process.

Efficient CO2 recycling process

CO2 separation by amine gels

DeSOx

Exhaust Gas

Exhaust GasDeSOx

Membrane Module

Reversible AbsorptionModule

The carbon cycle consists of biogeochemical exchanges among the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth. Many projects that aim to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by using plants to fix carbon are underway. Compared to the atmospheric carbon dioxide, however, hu-man-emitted carbon dioxide is usually localized and concentrated. This situation can be utilized for constructing a carbon cycle subsystem that is more efficient than phys-ical or plant-dependent carbon cycles.

ALCA has been developing the technology to efficiently separate and recover rela-tively high concentrations of carbon dioxide emitted from power plants or ironworks, the catalysts for the low-energy conversion of the carbon dioxide to methanol, the reaction systems therefor, etc.

This project aims to construct a highly efficient chemical system for a carbon cycle based on technologies of this kind. Our specific goal is the development of practi-cal applications that construct modular plants for converting carbon dioxide emitted from existing thermal power plants to useful chemicals. To use carbon dioxide as re-sources, technology for the mass-production of hydrogen, a reducing agent, without emitting carbon dioxide must be developed. However, because the development of such technology is a long-term subject, this project can be combined with existing technologies for hydrogen production, enabling an early development of the im-portant elemental technologies for the efficient and large-scale conversion of carbon dioxide to raw materials. Furthermore, highly efficient processing technologies to recover carbon species from various sources and fix them in the form of raw materials for chemicals are to be developed to contribute to the realiza-tion of a low carbon society.

Development of Highly Efficient Carbon-Circulation Chemical System

Takashi TatsumiPresident, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation


Carbon dioxide capture and storage is regarded as a promising tech-nology for the global worming problem. We propose a novel CO2 ab-sorption solvent that separates into two liquid phases after CO2 absorp-tion. It enables us to reduce the CO2 separation energy by sending only the CO2 rich phase to desorption column.

Energy-Saving CO2 Capture Process with Phase Separation Solvent

Hiroshi MachidaAssistant Professor, Nagoya University

2015

Energy-Saving CO2 Capture Process with Phase Separation SolventHiroshi MachidaAssistant professor, Nagoya University

2015

Carbon dioxide capture and storage is regarded as a promissingtechnology for the global worming problem. We propose a novel CO2 absorption solvent that separates into two liquid phases after CO2 absorption. It enables us to reduce the CO2 separation energy by sending olny the CO2 rich phase to desorption column.

Processgas

Treated gas CO2

Absorber

Stripper

CO2 lean amine

CO2 rich amine

Lean amine

R-NH2

R-NH2

R-NH3+ HCO3

－

CO2

HCO3－

CO2CO2

CO2 rich

CO2 lean


29

Technology Development of High Ef� cient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control Method and Breeding Method


Biomass such as plants and algae directly contribute to the reduction of green-house gases by fi xing carbon dioxide. Its decomposition products and metabolites be-come raw materials for bioethanol, bioplastics, basic compounds, etc. and it can also substitute for petroleum. Furthermore, biotechnology can promote energy saving by deriving compounds diffi cult to prepare by conventional chemical methods and introducing bioprocesses. However, there are various problems in increased bio-pro-duction, such as derivation of excellent varieties, high-speed screening, maintaining traits in the real environment, diffi culty in designing metabolism, differences between in lab scale and actual production scale culture, costs of cultivation and product pu-rifi cation.

On the other hand, by combining cutting-edge technologies such as synthetic biol-ogy, genome editing and synthesis technology, high-speed screening technology and AI / IT technology, innovative cell control and breeding become possible, shortening the period for social implementation.

In this project, we aim to achieve higher effi ciency and lower cost of material production through developing innovative cell control and breeding method by col-laboration among technology areas and by constructing cells that can increase the biomass production amount and enable high-effi ciency production of bio-derived chemical products.


Bio-based succinate & lactate are promising feedstocks for the sub-stitution of fossil fuels. Cyanobacteria are a group of bacteria perform-ing oxygenic photosynthesis. In this study, we perform genetic manip-ulation of cyanobacteria to increase succinate and lactate productivity. Metabolomic approaches are important for clarifying the metabolic status of cyanobacteria to improve their productivities.

Metabolic Engineering of Cyanobacteria for Fermentative Production of Succinate and Lactate

Takashi OsanaiAssistant Professor, Meiji University

2013


Metabolic Engineering of Cyanobacteria for Fermentative Production of Succinate and Lactate

Meiji University, School of Agriculture Associate Professor Takashi Osanai

炭素代謝を改変したラン藻を用いて、二酸化炭素からコハク酸・乳酸を生産

Bio-based succinate & lactate are promising feedstocks for the substitution of fossil fuels. Cyanobacteria are a group of bacteria performing oxygenic photosynthesis. In this study, we perform genetic manipulation of cyanobacteria to increase succinate and lactate productivity. Metabolomic approaches are important for clarifying the metabolic status of cyanobacteria to improve their productivities.

Genetic engineering of cyanobacteria

Metabolomic analyses

F6PNADP+NADH

NADPH

NAD+

E4P

ADP

Ru5P

ATP

Ac-CoA

PIPES

DHAP

2-IPMA

2-PGA

MES

CO2Light COSuccinate

HOOH

O

O

Cyanobacteria

30

Organic solar cells based on semiconducting polymers, “plastic” solar cells, are expected to be a technology with low-cost and low-environ-mental impact. In this project, we will create new high-performance semiconducting polymers by controlling their electronic and ordering structures, and aim at the energy conversion effi ciency of 15% which has not been achieved for “plastic” solar cells.

Development of High-Effi ciency Polymer-Based Solar Cells

Itaru OsakaProfessor, Hiroshima Univeristy

2014

Development of High-Efficiency Polymer-Based Solar CellsItaru Osaka Professor, Hiroshima Univeristy

2014

Organic solar cells based on semiconducting polymers, "plastic" solar cells, are expected to be a technology with low-cost and low-enviromental impact. In this project, we will create new high-performance semiconducting polymers by controlling their electronic and ordering structures, and aim at the energy converion efficiency of 15% which has not been achieved for "plastic" solar cells.

Various technologies, including solar batteries for utilizing solar energy, are already spreading in society and are extremely promising technologies for the utilization of renewable energy. ALCA will develop solar batteries that are far more effi cient than conventional solar batteries, create new materials for solar batteries, and create low-cost manufacturing processes for solar batteries, including technology for production on a large scale, and integrate them into a solar energy utilization system. In particu-lar, ALCA emphasizes research and development of perovskite solar batteries, which were initially proposed in Japan. ALCA will also develop other innovative technologies for solar energy utilization.

Solar Cell and Solar Energy Systems

Atsuhiro OsukaProfessor, Kyoto University

Game-Changing Technology Area G1


31

A novel carbon material "graphene like graphite (GLG)" showing high-rate performance, high capacity and low irreversible capacity will be prepared from the pyrolysis of graphite oxide. When it is used as a negative electrode of lithium ion battery, EV and PHEV will be more widely available, which result in the reduction of CO2 emission.

Development of Graphene-Based Carbon Materials for High-Rate Performance and High-Capacity Negative Electrode of Lithium Ion Battery

Yoshiaki MatsuoProfessor, University of Hyogo

2014

Development of Graphene-Based Carbon Materials for High-Rate Perfomance and High-Capacity Negative Electrode of Lithium Ion BatteryYoshiaki MatsuoProfessor, University of Hyogo

2014

A novel carbon material "graphene like graphite (GLG)" showing high-rate performance, high capacity and low irreversible capacity will be prepared from the pyrolysis of graphite oxide. When it is used as a negative electrode of lithium ion battery, EV and PHEV will be more widely available, which result in the reduction of CO2 emission.

d=0.3354nm

O

O

OOH OH

O

OHOH

OOH OH

OH OH

OHO

O OOH

O

OH

HOOC

OH

OH

OH

COOHOH

HOOCCOOH

GLG（Graphene Like Graphite)

d～0.34nm

oxidation

Graphite Graphite oxideΔ

Li+

Li2+xC6 (744～1000 mAh/g)

・Li+ ions are stored between carbon layers ・Defects facilitate the diffusion of Li+ ions thorough the layers.・Large interlayer spacing allows to store a large amount of Li+・Residual oxygen functionalities increase the Li+ storage sites.

It is requested to further spread Electric Vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy gen-eration for reducing GHG emission. For example, in order to improve the cruising distance of EVs, the electricity storage device has to provide both higher energy den-sity and higher power. In addition, as the power generation based on the renewable energy increases, the stationary electricity storage devices become more necessary for stabilizing the short-term fl uctuation load in the electricity system. In this ALCA Tech. Area, we are promoting the R&D for the innovative electricity storage device as the key technologies.

Electric Storage Devise

Kohei UosakiFellow, National Institute for Materials Science



32

The specific surface of a powder is much larger than that of bulk, therefore superalloy powder is susceptible to oxidation and nitridation that can deteriorate the properties of additive-manufactured part. To tackle this problem, we aim to develop technologies to (i) produce ro-bust superalloy powder in order to reduce the contamination by oxygen and nitrogen, (ii) refine contaminated powder and (iii) clean up addi-tive-manufactured process.

Development of Robust Additive-Manufactured Nickel Superalloy for Impurity Contamination

Koji KakehiProfessor,Tokyo Metropolitan University

2016

A new class of high temperature materials will be developed for re-ducing the CO2 gas emission from the LNG power plant. BCC alloys mainly based on various elements will be explored for the matrix of the composite alloys with various compounds for obtaining high strength, high toughness and high oxidation resistance.

High Temperature Materials Based on Multi-Element BCC Solid Solutions

Seiji MiuraProfessor, Hokkaido University

Si

Al B2-Aluminides

T2-SilicidesStrength

Toughness Oxidationresisance

ScYLa

TiZrHf

VNbTa

CrMoW

MnTcRe

FeRuOs

CoRhIr

NiPdPt

TM: Transition MetalsNi, Co, Pd, Pt,Rh, Ir,・・・

RM: Refractory Metals

Nb, Mo, V, Ta,Cr, W, Ti, Zr,Hf, ・・・

2014


Development of Robust Additive-Manufactured Nickel Superalloy for Impurity Contamination

Koji Kakehi

Professor,Tokyo Metropolitan University

2016

Ultra Heat-Resistant Materials and High Quality Recyclable SteelKohmei HaladaEmeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science


Decreasing the carbon dioxide emissions of the power generation, metal, and transportation industries, which emit large quantities of greenhouse gas, is an urgent issue for achieving a low carbon society. Carbon dioxide emissions must be decreased through improved energy efficiency by improving the performance of heat-resistant materials that are used for power generation turbines, jet engines for airplanes, and other applications. To achieve this, ALCA aims to develop technologies to substantial-ly improve the properties of these materials, such as their high-temperature strength, room-temperature resilience, oxidation resistance, as well as technologies for their production and heat-resistant coating.

In addition, other research subjects include establishing manufacturing technolo-gies for high-strength and high-performance materials from recycled raw materials, in order decrease the energy consumption of recycling, and the creation of struc-ture-control to realize high performance while decreasing the amount of rare metals to be added.

Furthermore, ALCA will develop innovative metal and ceramic materials for the manufacture of lighter and stronger materials, in order to produce lighter transporta-tion equipment that consumes less energy.

33

Apomixis is a phenomenon that generates seeds without fertiliza-tion. The resulting seeds are maternally-inherited clones. In this project, based on our study of transcription factors. We are to develop a system to induce apomixis in various plants including crops.

The Plant Breeding Revolution through the Development of Artificial Apomixis Induction Technique

Masaru TakagiProfessor, Saitama University

2015

The Plant Breeding Revolution through the Development of Artificial Apomixis Induction Technique

Masaru TakagiProfessor, Saitama University

2015

Apomixis is a phenomenon that generates seeds without fertilization.The resulting seeds are maternally-inherited clones. In this project, based on our study of transcription factors. We are to develop a system to induce apomixis in various plants including crops.

Sterile mutantSilique development without fertilization

transformationScreening of Apomixis genes

Application to crops

Increase crop productivity andReduce carbon dioxide emissions

P38右上−P39__近藤PO担当7課題 Carbon dioxide fixation in plant is maximized by abundant nitrogen supply. So far, chemical fertilizers have been used for crop cultivation though it's production needed large amount of energy. In this study, we focus on the role nitrifying bacteria plays in the natural nitrogen cycle and attempt to develop it's cultivation methods and control the com-plex nitrifying microbial system. In the future, this developed technolo-gy could be applied to beneficial use of unused organic resources, soil improvement and design of artificial soil, resulting in carbon reduction.

Development of Nitrifying Bacteria Cultivation Methods and Designed Nitrifying Microbial Consortia useful for Organic Hydroponics

Akinori AndoAssistant Professor, Kyoto University

2016

Development of Nitrifying Bacteria Cultivation Methods and Designed Nitrifying Microbial Consortia Useful for Organic Hydroponics

Akinori AndoAssistant professor, Kyoto University

2016

Carbon dioxide fixation in plant is maximized by abundant nitrogen supply. So far, chemical fertilizers have been used for crop cultivation though it's production needed large amount of energy. In this study, we focus on the role nitrifying bacteria plays in the natural nitrogen cycle and attempt to develop it's cultivation methods and control the complex nitrifying microbial system. In the future, this developed technology could be applied to beneficial use of unused organic resources, soil improvement and design of artificial soil, resulting in

nitrate（NO3

-)ammonium ion

（NH4+)

nitrite（NO2

-)

Sustainable resource recycling system

Nitrification reaction

Biotechnology


From the view point of energy- saving such as carbon neutral and bioprocess with the advanced technologies in various domains of biotechnology, we are contributing to a large reduction of GHG emission. Specifically, we cover the research and devel-opment of carbon fixation technology by biomass plant breeding, biomass conversion technology, direct conversion technology of CO2, and other conversion technolo-gies of various organic resources. We also promote the interdisciplinary research and development based on microbial science, plant science and bioprocessing science, which goes beyond the conventional framework.



34

Most organisms can not assimilate phosphite with a phosphorus ox-idation state of +3. In this project, we will develop a robust and selec-tive cultivation method of microalgae using phosphite dehydrogenase. Furthermore, we will apply this method to biocontainment that makes algae growth and survival dependent on phosphite.

Development of a Robust and Biologically Contained Culturing Method of Microalgae using Phosphite

Ryuichi HirotaAssociate Professor, Hiroshima University

2016

Development of a Robust and Biologically Contained Culturing Method of Microalgae Using Phosphite

Ryuichi HirotaAssistant Professor, Hiroshima University

2016

Most organisms can not assimilate phosphite with a phosphorus oxidation state of +3. In this project, we will develop a robust and selective cultivation method of microalgae using phosphitedehydrogenase. Furthermore, we will apply this method to biocontainment that makes algae growth and survival dependent on phosphite.

HPO42-HPO3

2-

PhosphatePhosphite

Phosphite dehydrogenase (PtxD)+NAD+ +NADH+H++H2O

Resistant to contamination

Since phosphite is an ecologically rare chemical, the

engineered strains can not grow in the open environment

Conferring the ability to grow on phosphite using PtxD

35

A magnetic heat pump is an innovative "green heat pump" tech-nology that is based on the entropy change caused by a change in the magnetic field in a particular kind of magnetic material. Further, it is an environment-friendly system that does not use chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) as a refrigerant. In order to achieve the practical use of the mag-netic heat pump and enhance the performance of its application, the research related with the following challenges are conducted in this project: (i) a design of layered active magnetic regenerator; (ii) a devel-opment of quantity synthesis process with Mn-based compound; and (iii) a development of kilowatt-class magnetic heat pump

Development of Magnetic Heat Pump with Layered Active Magnetic Regenerator

Tsuyoshi KawanamiProfessor, Meiji University

2014

Development of Magnetic Heat Pump with Layered Active Magnetic Regenerator

Tsuyoshi KawanamiAssociate Professor, Meiji University

2014

A magnetic heat pump is an innovative ""green heat pump"" technology that is based on the entropy change caused by a change in the magnetic field in a particular kind of magnetic material. Further, it is an environment-friendly system that does not use chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) as a refrigerant. In order to achieve the practical use of the magnetic heat pump and enhance the performance of its application, the research related with the following challenges are conducted in this project:(i) a design of layered active

FIG. Magnetocaloric effect

P41右下-P42_谷口PO担当4課題

The use of deep ultraviolet light is attracting much attention for a wide variety of applications, such as sterilization, water purification, medicine and biochemistry, and so on. However, the production of pres-ent germicidal mercury lamps will be much suppressed in near future because of their large environmental load. In this project, we will develop high-efficiency deep-UV LEDs becoming the substitute of germicidal mercury lamps. We contribute to low-carbon society realization by a significant reduction of the electricity loss of deep-UV LED.

Development of High-Efficiency Vertical Deep-UV LED Becoming the Substitute of Germicidal Mercury Lamps

Hideki HirayamaChief Scientist, RIKEN

Development of High-Efficiency Vertical Deep-UV LED Becoming the Substitute of Germicidal Mercury Lamps

Hideki HirayamaChief Scientist, RIKEN

2015

The use of deep ultraviolet light is attracting much attention for a wide variety of applications, such as sterilization, water purification, medicine and biochemistry, and so on. However, the production of present germicidal mercury lamps will be much supressed in near future because of their large environmental load. In this project, we will develop high-efficiency deep-UV LEDs becoming the substitute of germicidal mercury lamps. We contribute to low-carbon society realization by a significant reduction of the electricity loss of deep-UV LED.

2015

We are going to conduct the research and development of advanced technology based on physics. We address a wide range of problems from new conceptual re-search to technological development aimed at social implementation. Taking into consideration the social return as outcomes of energy-saving or energy-creating tech-nologies, we promote them. Specifically, we cover research and development which has great potential to reduce GHG emission such as an innovative power device sys-tem and ultra-low loss technology for the existing system.

Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Systems and Devices




36

T1 Next Generation Batteries Kohei Uosaki / Fellow, National Institute for Materials Science P07

1 2013 All-Solid-State Battery Team Masahiro Tatsumisago Professor, Osaka Prefecture University P08

2 2013 Lithium-Sulfur Battery Team Masayoshi Watanabe Professor, Yokohama National University P08

3 2013 Next Generation Battery Team Kiyoshi Kanamura Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University P08

4 2016 Accelerating and Promoting Team for Practical Application Kiyoshi Kanamura Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University P08

T2 White Biotechnology Yoshiharu Doi / Professor Emeritus, Tokyo Institute of Technology P09

1 2015 Innovative Synthesis of High-performance Bioplastics from Polysaccharides Tadahisa Iwata Professor, The University of Tokyo P10

2 2015 Catalytic Production of Di-Carboxylic Acids and Diols from Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates Kiyotaka Nakajima Associate Professor, Hokkaido University P10

3 2015Development of Bioprocess using Marine Microbial Enzymes for Efficient Lignin Degradation and Catalytic Generation of Super-Urushiol from Lignin Monomers

Yukari OhtaLecturer, Gunma University Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness

P10

4 2015 Development of Microbial Process for Production of Glycolate-Based Polymers from Sugars Ken'ichiro Matsumoto Professor, Hokkaido University P11

5 2016 Development of Highly Functional Polymer using Structural Characteristics of Furan Ring Yuya Tachibana Associate Professor, Gunma Univeristy P11

6 2015 Sugar-Independent Bioproduction of Muconic Acid Tomonori Sonoki Associate professor, Hirosaki University P11

7 2016 Extraction and Utilization of Lignin via Sustainable Process Kazuhiro ShikinakaSenior Researcher, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

P11

8 2015 Microbial Conversion into Polymer Ingredient from Biofuel Waste Based Biomass Toshiaki Nakajima-Kambe Professor, University of Tsukuba P12

9 2015 New Development of Natural Rubber by Technological Innovation of Vulcanization Yuko Ikeda Professor, Kyoto Institute of Technology P12

10 2015 Nanocellulose Controls Molecular Chirality in Heterogeneous Asymmetric Organocatalysis. Takuya Kitaoka Professor, Kyushu University P12

11 2015Preparation of Cellulose Nanofiber Composite Plastic Foam with Ultralight and High Insulation performances

Masahiro Ohshima Professor, Kyoto University P12


Current ALCA PIs

E1 High-Quality and Large-Diameter GaN Wafer Kenji Taniguchi / Specially Appointed Professor, Osaka University P13

1 2012 Over 8-inch Large-Diameter GaN Wafers for Energy-Saving Devices Yusuke Mori Professor, Osaka University P13

E2 Superconducting Electric Power Equipment using Liquid Hydrogen Cooling Hiroyuki Ohsaki / Professor, The University of Tokyo P14

1 2010 Development of High Performance MgB2 Long Conductors Hiroaki KumakuraSenior Scientist With Special Missions, National Institute for Materials Science

P14

E3 New Heat Resistant Materials for Low CO2 Emission Type Next-Generation Thermal Electric Power Generation Kohmei Halada / Emeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science P15

1 2010 Development of Mosi2-Based Brittle/Brittle Multi-Phase Single-Crystal Alloys Haruyuki Inui Professor, Kyoto University P15

2 2010 Elemental Technology for Design and Manufacturing of Innovative 1073K Class Super Austenitic Heat-resistant Steels Masao Takeyama Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology P15

3 2013 Development of Direct and Complete Recycling Method for Superalloy Turbine Aerofoils Hiroshi Harada Research Adviser, National Institute for Materials Science P16

E4 Innovative Light-Weight Materials for the Forward Energy-Saving Society Kohmei Halada / Emeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science P17

1 2012Innovative Development of Strong and Formable Wrought Magnesium Alloys for Light-Weight Structural Applications

Shigeharu Kamado Professor, Nagaoka University of Technology P17

E5 Next-Generation Smart Community Shigehito Deki / Professor Emeritus, Kobe University P18

1 2010Development and Evaluation of Carbon Alloys with Electrocatalytic Activity for Cathode Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Jun-ichi Ozaki Professor, Gunma University P18

2 2010 Development of Advanced Hybrid Capacitor(AdHiCap) Wataru Sugimoto Professor, Shinshu University P19

3 2011Development of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for Efficient Hydrogen Production and Power Generation in the Fuel Cell Mode

Hiroyuki Uchida Professor, CERC, University of Yamanashi P19

4 2012 Development of MH/Air Secondary Battery Masatsugu Morimitsu Professor, Doshisha University P19

E6 Highly Efficient Production Process for Biomass-Based Chemicals and Polymers Yoshiharu Doi / Professor Emeritus, Tokyo Institute of Technology P20

1 2010 Generation of Super-Engineering Plastics using Microbial Biomass Tatsuo Kaneko Professor, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology P20

2 2012 Development of Multifunctional Heterogeneous Catalysts Michikazu Hara Professor, MSL, Tokyo Institute of Technology P20

3 2012Development of Isolating and Manufacturing Technology of Single-Cyclic Aromatics from Natural Polycyclic Aromatics

Takao Masuda Professor, Hokkaido University P21

4 2013 Depolymerization of Lignocellulose Catalyzed by Activated Carbons Atsushi Fukuoka Professor, ICAT, Hokkaido University P21

E7 Production of Effective Biomass Materials with Bioresource Technology Akihiko Kondo / Professor, Kobe University P22

1 2010 Promotion of Photosynthesis and Plant Productivity by Controlling Stomatal Aperture Toshinori Kinoshita Professor, ITbM, Nagoya University P22

2 2011 Genome-Based Research and Development of Thermo-Tolerant Microbes Aiming at Low-Cost Fermentation Kazunobu Matsushita Professor, Yamaguchi University P22

3 2011 Producing New Wood in Plant With No Wood Nobutaka MitsudaGroup Leader, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

P23

4 2011 Effective Aquatic Biomass Production Utilizing Mutualistic Microorganisms Masaaki Morikawa Professor, Hokkaido University P23

5 2014 Artificial Control of Cytoplasmic Streaming as a Platform System for Plant Biomass Enhancement Motoki Tominaga Associate Professor, Waseda University P23

6 2014 Methane/Methanol Conversion by an Innovative Bioprocess using Gas Phase Microbial Reaction Katsutoshi Hori Full Professor, Nagoya University P23

E8 Development of Advanced Industrial Electricity Equipment for High-Efficiency Energy Equipment Systems Hiroyuki Ohsaki / Professor, The University of Tokyo P24

1 2011 Low-Cost High Temperature Superconducting Wire Toshiya Doi Professor, Kyoto University P24

2 2012 System of Superconducting Rotary Machines for Transport Equipments that Supports Low Carbon Society Taketsune Nakamura Program-Specific Professor, Kyoto University P24

3 2013 Removing Iron Oxide Particles from Boiler Feed-Water of Thermal Power Plants Shigehiro Nishijima Professor, Fukui University of Technology P25

4 2014 Development of REBCO Fully Superconducting Rotary Machines Masataka Iwakuma Professor, Kyushu University P25

Enabling Technology Project

37

E9 Waste-Heat Recovery Technology Kenji Taniguchi / Specially Appointed Professor, Osaka University P26

1 2013 Thermoacoustic System for Waste Heat Regeneration with 60% Carnot Effi ciency Shinya Hasegawa Associate Professor, Tokai University P26

E10 Photon Management and Optical Engineering Kenji Taniguchi / Specially Appointed Professor, Osaka University P27

1 2016 Development of High Performance and Environmentally Friendly Perovskite Type Solar Cells Atsushi Wakamiya Professor, ICR, Kyoto University P27

E11 Development of Highly Effi cient Carbon-Circulation Chemical System Takashi Tatsumi / President, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation P28

1 2014Development of Low Cost and Energy Effi cient CO2 Separation Materials and Proceses using Amine-Gels Technologies

Yu Hoshino Associate Professor, Kyushu University P28

2 2015 Energy-Saving CO2 Capture Process with Phase Separation Solvent Hiroshi Machida Assistant Professor, Nagoya University P28

E12 Technology Development of High Effi cient Bio Production by Innovative Cell Control Method and Breeding Method Akihiko Kondo / Professor, Kobe University P29

1 2013 Metabolic Engineering of Cyanobacteria for Fermentative Production of Succinate and Lactate Takashi Osanai Assistant Professor, Meiji University P29

G1 Solar Cell and Solar Energy Systems Atsuhiro Osuka / Professor, Kyoto University P30

1 2014 Development of High-Effi ciency Polymer-Based Solar Cells Itaru Osaka Professor, Hiroshima Univeristy P30

G2 Superconducting Systems End of 2018 Hiroyuki Ohsaki / Professor, The University of Tokyo −

G3 Electric Storage Devices Kohei Uosaki / Fellow, National Institute for Materials Science P31

1 2016Development of Graphene-Based Carbon Materials for High-Rate Performance and High-Capacity Negative Electrode of Lithium Ion Battery

Yoshiaki Matsuo Professor, University of Hyogo P31

G4 Ultra Heat-Resistant Materials and High Quality Recyclable Steel Kohmei Halada / Emeritus Researcher, National Institute for Materials Science P32

1 2016 Development of Robust Additive-Manufactured Nickel Superalloy for Impurity Contamination Koji Kakehi Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University P32

2 2014 High Temperature Materials Based on Multi-Element BCC Solid Solutions Seiji Miura Professor, Hokkaido University P32

G5 Biotechnology Akihiko Kondo / Professor, Kobe University P33

1 2015 The Plant Breeding Revolution through the Development of Artifi cial Apomixis Induction Technique Masaru Takagi Professor, Saitama University P33

2 2016Development of Nitrifying Bacteria Cultivation Methods and Designed Nitrifying Microbial Consortia useful for Organic Hydroponics

Akinori Ando Assistant Professor, Kyoto University P33

3 2016 Development of a Robust and Biologically Contained Culturing Method of Microalgae using Phosphite Ryuichi Hirota Associate Professor, Hiroshima University P34

G6 Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Chemical Processes End of 2018 Takashi Tatsumi / President, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation −

G7 Innovative Energy-Saving and Energy-Producing Systems and Devices Kenji Taniguchi / Specially Appointed Professor, Osaka University P35

1 2014 Development of Magnetic Heat Pump with Layered Active Magnetic Regenerator Tsuyoshi Kawanami Professor, Meiji University P35

2 2015 Development of High-Effi ciency Vertical Deep-UV LED Becoming the Substitute of Germicidal Mercury Lamps Hideki Hirayama Chief Scientist, RIKEN P35


Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA) will begin collaboration with the “Realization of a low carbon society, a global

issue” area of JST-Mirai Research & Development Program in 2017.

The “Realization of a low carbon society, a global issue” area of the JST-Mirai Research

& Development Program at ALCA will promote innovative research and development that

contributes to the realization of a future low carbon society based on top-down management,

the small start system, and the stage gate evaluation system, as a way to take advantage of

underlying basic research rooted in science. In particular, in the area bottleneck solution, which

is a necessary technical theme for the realization of a low carbon society, the technologies

that are necessary for a substantial reduction of greenhouse gases by 2050 will be developed

around the technology areas specifi ed in “Energy and Environment Innovation Strategies” of the

government.

ALCA will also collaborate with programs of other offices and ministries to transfer results

for implementation in society. These approaches will create “Game Changing Technologies”

to radically decrease carbon dioxide, which is hoped to be achieved by 2050. Through the

implementation of these technologies in society, we aim to contribute to the realization of a low

carbon society.


38

[email protected]

https://www.jst.go.jp/alca/en/index.html

+81-3-3512-3543

Documents

ALCA Brochure - JSTBasic Plan as a major pillar of the Japan’s Plan for Dynamic Engagement of All Citizens for the strategic growth as well as to the basic principle of our international