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The month of holy Ramadhan enjoys a special importance in the Islamic calendar. As Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said: "It is Allah's Own month." It is the chief of all months and the most glorious one.

As we already know, 'Fasting' is one of the important pillars of Islam and it is the very month of Ramadhan during which fasting has been made obligatory for all adults and sane Muslims. By fasting during Ramadhan, a Muslim besides discharging an obligation imposed upon him by Allah (swt), becomes entitled to great reward in the Hereafter.

On the other hand, any lapse in the matter amounts to a great sin. Fasting is an article of worship, the knowledge about the performance or otherwise whereof rests only with Allah (swt) and the person concerned. Hence, it is Allah (swt) alone who will reward that person for it, on the Day of Judgment. In this month are to be done charity works, which must be multiplied, as well as good deeds. Is the month of redemption; is the month in which the gates of Jannah are opened and the faithful Muslim will make the most of all that is good, all that may exist in this Dunya, to ensure the al-Akhirah.

W e l c o m i n g r a m a d h a nW e l c o m i n g r a m a d h a nW e l c o m i n g r a m a d h a n

The Life Of Imam Hassan Ibn-e Ali (a.s)

2

Science of Fasting 3

Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) 4

Night of Power( Laylat-ul-Qadr) 5

Hazrat Khadija (s.a) 6

Calendar & Namaz Timings /Hussainia Updates

7

Degrees Of Fasting/Ayaat of the Month

8

For Ramadhan - Daily Recitation of Quran (1 juz each night) -Dua-e-Iftitah -Enlighted Speech /Q & A Session -Daily Salat-ul-Maghrabain /Iftaari

Wiladat Imam Hassan (a.s) 15th Ramdhan

Majalis Shahadat Imam Ali (a.s) 19th/20th/21st of Ramdhan

Al-Hujjat Family Camp from 6th –8th September 2013 Limited Space (Registration Now Open !)

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M e s s a g e f r o m p r e s i d e n tM e s s a g e f r o m p r e s i d e n tM e s s a g e f r o m p r e s i d e n t

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Al-Hujjat (atfs) Vol.1 –Issue No 4 - Ramadhan 1434/July-August 2013

In t h i s i s sue :

In the Name of Allah, The Most Gracious, The Most Merciful

Salaam-un-Alykum, Ramadhan implies the victory of humanity, the success over suffering, and washing of sins. For each one of us, these festive days should be an opportunity for reflection, change, and renewal of the soul. In the month of Ramdhan 40th year of Hijri, in the small hours of the morning of 19th Ramadhan, Imam Ali (a.s) was struck with a poisoned sword by the Kharijite Ibn Maljam while offering his prayers in the Masjid of Kufa. He died on the 21st day of Ramadhan 40 A.H. and buried in Najaf-ul-Ashraf. He was born in the House of Allah, the Kaaba, and martryed in the House of Allah, Masjid-e-Kufa. The Lion of Allah, the most brave and gentle Muslim after the Prophet (pbuh) himself, began his glorious life with devotion to Allah and His Messen-ger, and ended it in the service of Islam. We as followers of Imam Ali a.s should promise to ourselves that we will follow the true footsteps of our beloved Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) which leads the right path through Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to Allah (swt). I take this opportunity to wish you a spiritually successful Ramadhan, and urge all of you to pray for each other and for the community. May Allah (swt) bless us and guide us through the difficult times we are going through. Ameen. With salaams and duas, Riyaz Khawaja

Name: al-Hasan. Title: al-Mujtaba. Kunyat: Abu Muhammad. Father's name: 'All Amir al-Mu'minin. Mother's name: Fatimah (daughter of the Holy Prophet). Birth: In Medina on Tuesday, 15th Ramadhan 3 AH. Death: Died at the age of 46, in Medina on Thursday, 28th Safar 50 AH; bu ried in Jannatu 'I-Baqi, in Medina. Background: Imam Hasan (a.s) was the eldest son of Imam Ali (a.s) and Hazrat Fatima (s.a). When the Holy Prophet (pbuh) received the happy news of the birth of his grandson, he came to the house of his beloved daughter, took the newly born child in his arms, recited adhan and iqamah in his right and left ears respectively, and in compliance with Allah's command named him al-Hasan(a.s) . Childhood: The first phase of seven years of his infancy was blessed with the gracious patronage of the Holy Prophet (pbuh), who gifted him all his great qualities and adorned him with Divine knowledge, tolerance, intelligence, bounty and valour. Being infallible by birth and decorated with heavenly knowledge by Allah (swt), his insight had an access to al-lawhu'I-mahfuz ( the Guarded Tablet on which the transactions of mankind have been written by Allah for all eternity). The Holy Imam (a.s) immediately became conversant with all the contents of any wahy (Qur'anic verses) revealed when the Holy Prophet would disclose it to his associates. To the great surprise of the Holy Prophet, Hazrat Fatima (s.a) would often recite the exact text of a newly revealed wahy before he disclosed it personally to her. When he inquired, she would inform him that it was Hasan through whom she had learned the Revelation. Remembrance of Allah & Piousness: The Holy Imam (a.s) devoted himself to prayers in such abundance, that all the limbs employed in prostration bore scars and impressions of his Sajdah (prostration). Most of the nights were spent on the prayer-carpet. The sense of his absorption and humiliation in prayers to Allah (swt) were in such earnest that he would shed tears profusely out of fear of Allah (swt). While performing ablution, he trembled with the fear of Allah (swt) and his face grew pale at the time of prayers. His earnest meditation in the offering of prayers and his extreme absorption in communion with Allah (swt) would render him entirely unconscious of his environments Imamate: The demise of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) was followed by an eventful era when the Islamic world (under the false ruling bodies) came in the grip of the fever of expansionism and conquest. But even under such a revolutionary phase, Imam Hasan (a.s) kept devoting himself to the sacred mission of peacefully propagating Islam and the teachings of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) along with his great father Imam 'Ali (a.s). The martyrdom of Imam 'Ali (a.s) on the 21st Ramadhan marked the inception of Imam Hasan's Imamate. The majority of Muslims pledged their allegiance to him and finalized the formality of bay'ah (oath of allegiance). No sooner had he taken the reins of leadership into his hands than he had to meet the challenge of Mu'awiyah, the Governor of Syria, who declared a war against him. In compliance with the Will of Allah (swt) and with a view to refrain from causing the massacre of Muslims however, he entered into a piece treaty with Mu'awiyah on terms (though not totally respected and carried out by Mu'awiyah), yet saved Islam and stopped a civil war. But this peace treaty was never meant as a surrender by him of the permanent leadership to Mu'awiyah. It was meant only as an interim transfer of the administration of the Islamic kingdom, subject to the condition that the ad- ministration would be surrendered back to Imam Hasan (a.s) after Mu'awiyah's death and then it would in turn be inherited by Imam Husain (a.s). Having relieved himself of the administrative responsibilities, Imam Hasan (a.s) kept the religious leadership with himself and devoted his life to the propagation of Islam and the teachings of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) in Medina.

T h e L i f e Of : I m a m H a s s a n i bnT h e L i f e Of : I m a m H a s s a n i bnT h e L i f e Of : I m a m H a s s a n i bn --- e A l i e A l i e A l i ( a . s )( a . s )( a . s )

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The month of Ramadhan: the month of Atonement, the month of Divine mercy and blessings for mankind. This is the month when the Final Testament - The Quran was revealed to mankind from Lord. In this month the 1.79 billion and more faithful Muslims across the globe will be fasting in the name of Lord, for the sake of Lord to attain righteousness, to attain closeness to Allah (s.w.t). Fasting has its spiritual and religious merits and dimensions. At the same time this practice of fasting which recommended in all faiths and religious tradition also have great scientific and medical benefits that are revealed as advanced medical science is researching on it. A short compilation of the Science of Fasting is what follows: Fasting - an "operation without surgery" "Fasting is, without any doubt, the most effective biological method of treatment... it is the 'operation without surgery'... it is a cure involving exudation, reattunement, redirection, loosening up and purified relaxation. While fasting, the patient improves her or his physical health and gains much. But he or she will have neglected the most important thing if the hunger for spiritual nourishment that manifests itself during fasting is not satisfied." -Otto Buchinger, Sr., M.D., Germany's great, self-described "fasting therapist". Read the full article 'Why Fasting' that focuses on medical benefit of fasting here. Fasting As a Natural Nutrition Therapy Dr. Elson M. Haas, M.D., offers some very beneficial information about fasting, addressing preventive and integrated medicines, natural nutrition therapies and detoxification (fasting). Fasting And Alzheimer’s There seem to be some mysterious benefits for the brain in Ramadhan-style fasting. A study conducted at the National Institute on Aging showed that intermittent deprivation of food can protect the brain from diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. [Mark] Mattson and his colleagues also shared data from research on humans, which shows that populations with higher caloric intakes—such as the United States and Europe—have a greater prevalence of Alzheimer’s than do populations that eat less—such as China and Japan. (From Andrea Useen’s article Why Religious Fasting Could Be Good for Your Brain.) So how can it stave off degenerative brain diseases? Mattson claims fasting can actually creative new neurons. From his article published by the National Institutes of Health, it reads: "[Dietary restriction] can stimulate the production of new neurons from stem cells (neurogenesis) and can enhance synaptic plasticity, which may increase the ability of the brain to resist aging and restore function following injury." Now there was one part that seemed to conflict with what doctors recommend to prevent obesity and diabetes. Mattson suggest that we eat more in one sitting. "…increasing the time interval between meals is beneficial, even when the size of the meals are increased to a level that results in no overall decrease in caloric intake." Perhaps both the neuroscientists and diabetes specialists would be content if we slowly graze from sunset to bedtime. Fasting May Even Affect Sleep According to Dr. Ebrahim Kazim, a low blood-sugar level can lock the brain into stages of deep sleep. He writes: "Fasting improves the quality and intensifies the depth of sleep, a matter of particular importance to the aged who have much less stage three and four sleep (deep sleep). The processes of repair of the body and of the brain take place during sleep. Two hours of sleep during the month of Ramadhan are more satisfying and refreshing than more hours of sleep otherwise!" (credit) Fasting and your Biological Rythms is a beautiful article by Doctor E. Kazim where he describes how fasting release special types of tranquilizing natural chemicals that not only tranquil our mind but also elate the mind. Miracle of Fasting is a very religion independent investigation on the benefits of Fasting. It talks about how fasting is necessary for the internal purification, how fasting conserves vital force and how it cleanses toxins out. read here. Healthier Living through Fasting is an article by Ibrahim B. Syed, Ph.D. who is a Clinical Professor of Medicine at University of Louisville School of Medicine. The article focuses on how Science Favors Fasting interms of longevity, effect on weight, lipid metabolism etc.

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S c i e n c e o f F a s t i n g - M e d i c a l b e n e f i t s o f f a s t i n g

The commander of faithful, the father of eloquence, the caretaker of the orphans, the shelter of the needy and the perfect of all humans after Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). Born in the House of Allah, Holy Kaabah, and martyred in the House of Allah, Masjid-e-Kufa. He died on the 21st day of Ramadhan 40 A.H. and buried in Najaf al-Ashraf (Iraq).

On the eve of the martyrdom of Imam Ali (a.s) we take this opportunity to extend our heartiest condolences to Imam of the time, Imam Mahdi (atfs) and the Muslim world. Oh Allah (s.w.t) help us live the life of Imam Ali (a.s)!

Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) had prophesied his departure from this world several days before hand, and on the day of his martyrdom he mysteriously desired his sons Imam Hasan (a.s) and Imam Hussain (a.s) to offer their morning prayers in the house and not to accompany him as they usually did to the mosque of Kufa. When Imam Ali (a.s) was leaving his abode, the household birds began making a great noise and when one of Imam Ali's servants attempted to quieted them, Imam Ali (a.s) said, "Leave them alone, for their cries are only lamentations foreboding my death."

On the 19th of the month of Holy Ramadhan of the year 40 A.H, Imam Ali (a.s) came to the mosque in Kufa for his morning prayers. Imam Ali (a.s) gave the call for prayer (Azaan) and became engaged in leading the congregation. Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam pretending to pray, stood just behind Imam Ali (a.s) and when Imam Ali (a.s) was in a state of prostration, Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam dealt a heavy stroke with his sword, inflicting a deep wound on Imam Ali's (a.s) head. This was the time when Imam Ali (as) uttered his famous words : "Fuzto warab-il-Kaaba" - "By the Lord of the Kaaba, I have succeeded".

Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) had prophesied the assassination of Imam Ali (a.s) and his issues. Regarding Imam Ali (a.s) Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) had said, "O Ali! I see before my eyes thy beard dyed with the blood of thy forehead."

They assassinated Imam Ali (a.s) at his finest time - the hour of standing before Allah, the Exalted, during a prayer of submission, in the best of days, while fasting during the month of Ramadhan ; during the most glorious Islamic duties, while preparing to wage jihad, and in the highest and most pure divine places, the Mosque of Kufa. May joy be to Amir al-Muminin Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (a.s) and a blessed afterlife!The crime of assassinating Imam Ali (a.s) remains one of the most cruel, brutal and hideous, because it was not committed against one man, but against the whole rational Islamic leadership. By assassinating Imam Ali (a.s) , they actually aimed at assassinating the message, the history, the culture and the nation of Muslims embodied in the person of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (a.s) .

I m a m A l i I BN - E A B I TA L I B ( a . s )

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The month of Ramadhan has been singled out for special wor-ship (`Ibadat) and exclusive favours. It is a month unlike other months. One reason for this, as defined by the Qur'an, is be-cause the Holy Qur'an was revealed in this month. Says Allah in Sura al­Baqarah: The month of Ramadhan, that in which the Qur'an was sent down; a guidance for mankind, and clear signs of guidance and distinction (2:185). In fact, according to a hadith of the 6th Imam (a.s), the other holy books were also revealed in this month.

Among the nights of Ramadhan is one special night, which is better than a thousand months (HQ, 97:3). Good deeds per-formed on that single night are equal to those performed over a thousand months.

It is the Night of Power (Laylatul Qadr), when the Qur'an was revealed. Some commentators believe it was the night when the Qur'an was brought down from Baytul M`amur (Heavenly abode), for Jibrael to reveal in parts to the Prophet (pbuh). Others say it was the night when the Prophet received the entire Qur'an, but was asked to transmit it as and when the occasion demanded. Laylatul Qadr is a celebration to commemorate the arrival of the final guidance for humans. It is a tribute to the commencement of the message revealed to mankind by their Creator, a message which shows them the way to achieve happiness in both the worlds. Just as the arrival of a child is celebrated, on its birth and then every year, as a bringer of joy and fulfilment for the family, Laylatul Qadr is celebrated as a bringer of light and guidance for mankind. Unlike the birthday which is celebrated with a feast for the sens-es, Laylatul Qadr includes a feast for the spirit, a feast of worship and prayers. Some Ahadith indicate that the fate of every believer for the coming year is decreed on this night. That is why the Du`as for this night ask for special favours in the decree for the year. Believers are encouraged to stay awake the entire night, and pray for blessings and forgiveness. It is the holiest night of the year, and it would be unwise to be heedless of the tremendous benefits of this night.

The Night of Power is a very important occasion in Islam. Everyone is asked to live it and to enjoy it. This Night is a night of Mer-cy, a night of Blessing, a night of Peace and a night of Guidance. It is a night of Unification between the finite world of ours and the Infinite Universe of the Unseen. Anyone who is interested in attaining the Mercy of Allah (swt) will strive very hard to look for the Night of Power. Anyone who is interested in receiving the blessings of Allah (swt) on the Blessed Night will work very hard to enjoy the Night of Power. Any-one who is interested in attaining peace of mind, peace of body and peace in society, he has to look for this Night and to live it. May Allah (swt) give us the strength, the power, the courage and the effort to do our best to obey Allah (swt) and to follow His teachings. May Allah (swt) guide us and may Allah (swt) strengthen our Iman. May Allah (swt) help us to live another year with sincerity and devotion. May Allah (swt) make us realize that one year of our life is over and that we are one year closer to our graves. Let us wake up and do our best to please Allah (swt) in our daily life. Let us ask Almighty Allah (swt) forgiveness. Ameen

Name : Khadija bint-e-Khawailad (s.a) Title : Umm-ul-Momineen Agnomen: Tahira Father : Khawailad bin Asad Mother : Fatemah bint-e-Zaedeh Birth : Makkah Death : 10th Ramadhan 3 years before Hijrah at the age of 64 years. Buried : in Makkah Birth and Geneology Hazrat Khadija (s.a) was the first wife of the Holy Prophet (pbuh). She was born in Makkah. Her father's name was Khuwaylid bin Asad and he was a wealthy trad-er. The Geneology of both Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) and Hazrat Khadija (s.a) was the same reaching upto Qusayy. Early Life Her mother and father both died within 10 years of each other. Their wealth was divided amongst the children but it was Hazrat Kha-dija (s.a) who took over the family business and expanded it. With the profit she made she helped the poor, widows, orphans, sick and the disabled people of Makka. She had a cousin called Waraqa bin Naufal who was very learned man and who was not an idol worshipper. Both Waraqa and Hazrat Khadija were monotheists and believed in one Allah. First contact with Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) Because of her excellent Akhlaq the Arabs (who at that time used to look down upon women) called her Tahira - the pure one. She was also known as the 'Princess of Makkah' because of her wealth. A lot of Arab nobles and princess wanted to marry her but she re-fused all of them. In 595 AD, Hazrat Khadija was looking for someone to be in charge of her caravan to Syria. Hazrat Abu Talib (a.s) suggested the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) to her. She had heard of his trustworthiness and agreed to employ him although he did not have much trading experience. To help him she sent her slave Maysara. The trading caravan was a great success and when Hazrat Kha-dija (s.a) heard of the Prophet's skills and excellent conduct, she became his admirer. Marriage with Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) Soon it was arranged for Hazrat Khadija (s.a) to be married to the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). At that time, Prophet Mohammad(pbuh) was aged 25 and Hazrat Khadija (s.a) was 40 years of age. According to Shiite tradition, this was her first marriage and that she was not a widow as is narrated by non-shiite sources. Hazrat Abu Talib( a.s) read the Nikah on behalf of the Prophet whilst Waqara bin Noufal read it for Hazrat Khadija. Hazrat Abu Talib (a.s) paid the mehr for his nephew and fed the people of Makka for 3 days in celebration. Hazrat Khadija too fed the people. The marriage was a very happy one and their first child was a son called Qasim. The second was Abdullah. Both died in infancy. Their third and last child was Hazrat Fatema Zahra (s.a). Her services for Islam When the Prophet used to go to meditate in the cave of Hira on Jabel-e-Noor, it was Hazrat Khadija (s.a) herself who would climb up there to give him his food and necesseries. She was the first person to accept Islam as taught by the Prophet (pbuh). In 616 AD, the Quraish isolated the Bani Hashim (the family of the Prophet) and they took refuge in a ravine called Shib-e-Abu Talib. Hazrat Khadija (s.a) was there too and it was her wealth (which she donated for Islam) that sustained the Muslims at that time. The siege lasted for 3 years during which time they experienced hunger, thirst, and the cold and heat of the desert. Her Death Hazrat Khadija (s.a)) was married to the Holy Prophet (pbuh) for 25 years. Shed died in 619 AD on the 10th of Ramadhan 3 years before the Hijrah. When she died nothing was left of her wealth - all of it was served for the propagation of Islam. She was buried in Makkah in a cloak of the Holy Prophet (pbuh). Hazrat Abu Talib (a.s) died in this year too. The Prophet (pbuh) called the year Aam-ul-Huzn (the year of grief). While Hazrat Khadi-ja (s.a) lived, the Holy Prophet (pbuh) did not marry another woman and in later years he always said that she was the best of his wives. He also said that she was one of the four perfect women who had ever lived. The other three are Hazrat Aasiya, the wife of Firaun, Hazrat Maryam, the mother of Proph-et Isa (AS), and Hazrat Fatima Zahra (s.a.) beloved daughter of Prophet Mu-hammad (pbuh).

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Brief Biography of Hazrat Khadija (s.a)

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July ناضم Fajr Sun-

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Zuharain Maghrabain Programme

10 Wed 1 3:43 5:33 1:42 10:04 Shab-e-Jumma

11 Thu 2 3:45 5:34 1:42 10:03 Jum’a Prayers

12 Fri 3 3:47 5:36 1:42 10:03

13 Sat 4 3:48 5:37 1:42 10:02

14 Sun 5 3:50 5:38 1:42 10:01

15 Mon 6 3:52 5:39 1:42 10:00

16 Tue 7 3:54 5:40 1:42 9:59

17 Wed 8 3:56 5:41 1:42 9:58 Shab-e-Jumma

18 Thu 9 3:58 5:42 1:42 9:57 Jum’a Prayers

19 Fri 10 4:00 5:44 1:43 9:55 Wafat Janab-e-Khadija (s.a)

20 Sat 11 4:02 5:45 1:43 9:54

21 Sun 12 4:04 5:46 1:43 9:53

22 Mon 13 4:06 5:48 1:43 9:53

23 Tue 14 4:09 5:49 1:43 9:51

24 Wed 15 4:11 5:50 1:43 9:49 Wiladat Imam Hassan (a.s)

25 Thu 16 4:13 5:52 1:43 9:48

26 Fri 17 4:15 5:53 1:43 9:46 Shab-e-Jumma

27 Sat 18 4:17 5:54 1:43 9:45 Jum’a Prayers

28 Sun 19 4:19 5:56 1:43 9:44 Youm-e-Zarbat

29 Mon 20 4:22 5:57 1:43 9:42

30 Tue 21 4:24 5:59 1:43 9:41 Shahadat Imam Ali (a.s)

31 Wed 22 4:26 6:00 1:43 9:39 Shab-e-Qadr

Aug 1st 23 4:28 6:02 1:43 9:37 Jum’a Prayers

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4 Sun 26 4:35 6:06 1:42 9:32

5 Mon 27 4:37 6:08 1:42 9:31

6 Tue 28 4:39 6:09 1:42 9:29

7 Wed 29 4:41 6:11 1:42 9:27 Shab-e-Jumma

8 Thu 30 4:44 6:12 1:42 9:25 Jum’a Prayers

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A N AYA AT O F T H E M ON T HA N AYA AT O F T H E M ON T HA N AYA AT O F T H E M ON T H

يام كوا كتب على الذيي هي يا أيها الذيي آهنوا كتب عليكن الص قبلكن لعلكن تتقوى

"O who believe, fasting is decreed for you as it was decreed for those before you; perchance you will guard yourselves.

Al Baqarah (2:183)

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―――Don’t feel ashamed Don’t feel ashamed Don’t feel ashamed when giving little for when giving little for when giving little for charity, that is because charity, that is because charity, that is because

there is always there is always there is always goodness in giving goodness in giving goodness in giving no matter how littleno matter how littleno matter how little.‖.‖.‖ ---Imam Ali ibnImam Ali ibnImam Ali ibn---e Abi Talib e Abi Talib e Abi Talib (a.s)(a.s)(a.s)

According to Mirza Javad Agha Maliki Tabrizi (from the book Spiritual Journey of the Mys-

tics) there are three types of fasting's:

The fasting of commons which is the renunciation of eating and drinking, and observance of

other fasting requirements as described in the Books of Jurisprudence.

The fasting of nobles, which in addition to the above also includes renunciation of sins, i.e.

controlling eyes, ears, tongue, and other bodily parts from sinning and transgression.

The fasting of most distinguished nobles which in addition to the renunciation of the above,

also includes relinquishment of everything, be permissible or forbidden, which makes mind

and conscience negligent from Allah’s remembrance.

Mirza, then states that the fasting of the noble and the distinguished nobles also varies in

ranks based on the level of their piety and asceticism.

Truly, faith and piety definitely have a great effect on the fast, the person fasting, as well as

the benefit one can acquire from the fasting in the Holy month of Ramadhan.

Degrees of Fasting!