Air Pollution Management System in Vietnam

C E N T E R O F M U LT I D I S C I P L I N A R Y I N T E G R A T E D

T E C H N O L O G I E S F O R F I E L D M O N I T O R I N G

U N I V E R S I T Y O F E N G I N E E R I N G A N D T E C H N O L O G Y, V I E T N A M

N A T I O N A L U N I V E R S I T Y H A N O I

Air Pollution Management System in Vietnam

International Workshop on Land Use/Cover Changes and Air Pollution in Asia

Bogor, Indonesia - August 4th – 7 th, 2015

1

N G U Y E N T H I N H A T T H A N H , B U I Q U A N G H U N G , L E T H A N H H A , N G U Y E N N A M H O A N G , N G U Y E N H A I C H A U , N G U Y E N T H A N H

T H U Y , P H A M V A N H A , L U U V I E T H U N G , M A N D U C C H U C , P H A M N G O C H A I , P H A M H U U B A N G , L E X U A N T H A N H

P H A N V A N T H A N H , D O X U A N T U

Outline

Introduction

Objectives and Approaches

PM Concentration Mapping

Air Pollution Management System

Conclusion

2

Outline

Introduction




Conclusion

3

Air pollution in Vietnam 4

Source: TCMT,

2009


Ratio of PM2.5/PM10 and PM1/PM10 by month from 2010 – 2013 at NVC – Hanoi (Source: TTCMT, 2013)

Yearly TSP at cities in Vietnam from 2008 to 2013

(Source: TCMT, 2013)


http://cem.gov.vn

CEM

• Center of Environment Monitoring, VEA. National center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting (NCHMF), MONRE

• City Dept. of Natural Resource and Environment

Air pollution in Vietnam

7

Air quality management projects

in Vietnam (Source: Ngo Tho Hung, 2010)

• Air pollution is serious in Vietnam

• Lack of measurements

and closed information

• Lack of online

monitoring and warning systems

• Satellite application

for air management is initially investigated

Outline

Introduction




Conclusion

8

PM2.5 Estimation from MODIS in Jan 24th, 2014

PM10 estimated from SPOT4 at May 4, 2012

Research Objective and Approach 9

Monitor PM based on satellite images

Provide products at different spatial and temporal scales

MODIS AOT vs. PM Correlation at PhuTho, Hanoi, Hue, DaNang, 2010-2014

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MOD04 MYD04

Co

rre

lati

on

Co

eff

icie

nt

Aerosol Factors

PM1 PM2.5 PM10

Research Objective and Approach 10

Data Collect/Pre-

Process/ Management

PM2.5 Estimation from MODIS/VIIRS

AQI calculation

Monitoring

Search & Download

Report

Warning

VNU UET Ground Station

Data Modelling Services


Manager, Experts, Citizen

Outline

Introduction




Conclusion

11

M O D I S P M 2 . 5 1 0 X 1 0 K M *

N P P P M 2 . 5 6 X 6 K M

12

Vietnam

* Nguyen et al., “Particulate Matter Concentration Mapping from MODIS Satellite Data: A Vietnamese Case Study”, 2015, ERL, In Press.

Study Area 13

• Vietnam is nearly 332,210 𝑘𝑚2 and extends from (8oN, 102oE) to (23oN, 120oE) with the population of 90.5 million as of 2014.

• 7 climatology regions (NW, NE, RRD, NCC, SCC, CH and SE)

Spatial distribution of CEM and AERONET stations, NCHMF

meteorology stations

Temperature

Relative Humidity

Principitation

Datasets 14

Types Data Description Start End Purpose of use

Sat.

MOD04

Terra, Aerosol, 10x10

km 01/2009 09/2014

MODELING, INPUT FOR

EACH PM MAP

MYD04

Aqua, Aerosol, 10x10

km 01/2009 09/2014

MODELING, INPUT FOR

EACH PM MAP

MOD07

Terra, Meteorology,

5x5km 01/2009 09/2014

MODELING, INPUT FOR

EACH PM MAP

MYD07

Terra, Meteorology,

5x5km 01/2009 09/2014

MODELING, INPUT FOR

EACH PM MAP

Insitu

PM2.5

CEM – VEA

PT, HL - NW

HN – RRD

H – NCC,

DN, KH – SCC 12/2010 12/2014

MODELING (PT, HN, H,

DN)

Ind. VALIDATION (HL,

KH)

Temp, RH,

RF NCHMF, 98 stations 1/2004 2/2014 MODELING

AOT AERONET, 7 stations 3/2013 6/2013 VALIDATION

Methodology 15

Re-sampling Pre-processing Spatial/Temporal

Data Integration

Multiple Linear Regression

PM2.5 Estimation

(Regression)

PM2.5 Interpolation

(Universal Kriging)

Resampled

MOD04/MYD04

Re-sampled

images

Samples

Multiple Linear

Regression model

PM2.5

Grd. Met.

PM2.5 map

Validation

Grd. PM2.5

Sat. PM2.5 PM2.5 images over

Vietnam

Satellite Images

MOD04/MYD04

Ground PM2.5

Grd. Met. (Temp.)

Model Evaluation 16

MOD MYD

#Sample r2 RMSE (μg/m3) RE (%) #Sample r2 RMSE (μg/m3) RE (%)

274 0.602 8.527 33.348 385 0.577 8.777 53.353

𝑃𝑀2.5𝑡−𝑀𝑂𝐷 = f(𝐴𝑂𝑇𝑡−𝑀𝑂𝐷, 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑚𝑟) 𝑃𝑀2.5𝑡−𝑀𝑌𝐷 = f(𝐴𝑂𝑇𝑡−𝑀𝑌𝐷, 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑚𝑟)

Validation 17

Overall validation of satellite-derived PM2.5 maps over Phu Tho, Ha Noi, Hue and Da Nang in NE, RRD, NCC and

SCC regions, respectively. Results are separated by MOD and MYD datasets and accumulated in total.

1. Overall assessment (Boylan and Russell 2006) - Mean Fractional Bias (MFB ≤± 30% goal: ≤± 60% - criteria) - Mean Fractional Error (MFE ≤± 50% goal: ≤± 75% - criteria)

#Images #Samples r2 RMSE (μg/m3) RE (%) MFB (%) MFE (%)

MOD 85 189 0.427 21.709 39.957 0.491 34.954

MYD 43 96 0.337 17.188 39.458 3.639 34.799

Total 128 285 0.411 20.299 39.789 1.552 34.902

Boxplots shows the variation of satellite derived PM2.5 (_Sat) and ground based PM2.5 (_Grd) from

2010 – 2014 at Phu Tho, Ha Noi, Hue and Da Nang stations. The means values are shown as the

thick solid line in the plots.

Validation 18

Independent validation of satellite-derived PM2.5 and ground-based PM2.5 at Ha Long and Khanh Hoa stations.

2. Independent validation

Station #Samples r2 RMSE (μg/m3) RE (%) MFB (%) MFE (%)

Ha Long 40 0.455 21.512 45.236 -2.975 38.695

Khanh Hoa 45 0.444 8.551 46.446 25.988 33.960

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2.5

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Phu Tho

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Ha Long

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Ha Noi

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Hue

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Da Nang

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2.5

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Khanh Hoa

Seasonal and Spatial Trends

Outline

Introduction




Conclusion

21

System Architecture

22

GISdata

-Administration-LandCover-DEM

DataManagement

Aerosol

Estimation

AirPollutionWarningGenerator

ReportGenerator

Ground-

basedData

ClosedDB

PM2.5/10

OpenDB

AOT/AOD

OpenDB

Met.data

ClosedDB

MODIS/NPP

LandSat

OpenDB

MODIS/NPPatUET

SPOT5

ClosedDBSatellite

Data

AirQualityMonitoring'sUserInterface

ParticulateMatter

concentrationEstimation

AirQuality

Estimation

Spatio-tempo

Database

APOM

System Management

Data Management

Processing Services

• User management

• Permission management

• Category management

• Satellite Data (MODIS/VIIRS/LandSat)

• Ground Data (AERONET Aerosol, CEM PM)

• GIS Data

• Collect data (NASA, UET)

• Preprocessing & Save

• PM2.5 estimation over Vietnam

• AQI calculation (for each province)

• Warning by SMS/Email

• Monitoring • Search and

Download • Report • Warning

registration

System Functions

System Manager

Manager, Experts, Citizen

Data Manager

24

Monitoring

Search & Download

Report

Registration of Warning

Service

Top tem polluted provinces

Air quality Scale

http://apom.fimo.edu.vn:8080/apom/web/

Monitoring

Monitoring 25

List of provinces

List provinces have the warning lever 1/5

Search and Download Data 26

26

Search and Download Data 27

List of results

View & Time Animation

Reports 28

http://apom.fimo.edu.vn:8080/apom/web/

Outline

Introduction




Conclusion

29

Conclusion 30

PM estimation at regional scale (Vietnam) PM2.5 maps at 10 km using MODIS from Dec. 2010 – Sep. 2014 Modeling and validation were carried out for NE, RRD, NCC and

SCC and obtained promising results

Air Pollution Management system (APOM) • Online monitoring and warning system • Automatic data processing • Supporting system (data, user …) administration • Supporting user interface

• Open issues • Frequency of satellite-derived MODIS PM2.5 map is low (effect of

cloud) • Validation in other regions (i.e.: NW, CH, SE) • Statistics approach (data-driven approach) vs. other approaches

(model-driven approaches) • Model performance’s improvement.

Acknowledgement 31

This research was possible due to the funds received from project “Air pollution monitoring and warning system”, QGTD.13.27 from Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

Q & A

T H A N K Y O U F O R Y O U R A T T E N T I O N

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Documents

Air Pollution Management System in Vietnam