Aim: Aim: For what reasons do For what reasons do adolescents have a high adolescents have a high

incidence of eating incidence of eating disorders?disorders?

Do Now:Do Now: How would you How would you

define an eating define an eating disorder (in disorder (in general)general)

At what point At what point does dieting and does dieting and being conscious being conscious of weight become of weight become an eating an eating disorder (in disorder (in your opinion)?your opinion)?

Discussion Questions:Discussion Questions:1.1. Why do people develop Why do people develop

eating disorders?eating disorders?2.2. Why are eating Why are eating

disorders so much more disorders so much more prevalent among females prevalent among females than males (10X)than males (10X)

3.3. Why are these even more Why are these even more prevalent in adolescent prevalent in adolescent girls?girls?

4.4. Why are they more Why are they more prevalent in certain prevalent in certain cutlures/ethnicities/racutlures/ethnicities/races?ces?

5.5. How do you think you How do you think you can treat a person with can treat a person with an eating disorder?an eating disorder?

Model Retouch Website:

• http://demo.fb.se/e/girlpower/retouch/retouch/

DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria forDSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria forBody Dysmorphic DisorderBody Dysmorphic Disorder

A.A. Preoccupation with Preoccupation with an imagined or an imagined or slight slight defectdefect in in appearance (skin, appearance (skin, hair, weight, nose, hair, weight, nose, etc.) etc.)

B.B. Causes significant Causes significant distress or distress or impairment in impairment in social, social, occupational, or occupational, or other important other important areas of areas of functioning. functioning. Difference between Difference between ‘ideal’ self and ‘ideal’ self and ‘real’ self‘real’ self

Western culture tends to place more emphasis on a thin body image in comparison to other cultures.

Obesity:

A disorder characterized by being excessively overweight. Obesity increases the risk for health issues like cardiovascular

diseases, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, and back problems.

Dieting: •63% of women feel 63% of women feel that body weight that body weight determines their determines their mood.mood.

•Americans spend Americans spend 33 billion 33 billion dollarsdollars on on dieting and diet-dieting and diet-related productsrelated products

•The average The average female starts female starts dieting at dieting at age age 9yrs9yrs

Risk Factors for Eating Risk Factors for Eating Disorders:Disorders:

• Ethnic and Ethnic and socioeconomic socioeconomic statusstatus

• Cultural influence Cultural influence • Low Low self-esteem/perfectself-esteem/perfectionismionism

• Difficulties with Difficulties with communication, communication, separation and separation and conflict resolution conflict resolution w/ familyw/ family

• Anxiety or Anxiety or depressive depressive disorderdisorder

• Family historyFamily history• A drive to A drive to excel in excel in sportssports

• Early pubertyEarly puberty• Winter Winter • Identical Identical TwinsTwins

Bulimia-Bulimia-Nervosa:Nervosa:

• Minimum of 2 binge-eating episodes weekly for 3 months/recurrent binge eating

• A feeling of lack of control over binge-eating behavior

• Regular use of self-induced vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, strict dieting, fasting, or vigorous exercise to prevent weight gain

Anorexia-Nervosa:Anorexia-Nervosa:• Refusal or inability to maintain body weight over a minimum normal weight

• Intense fear of gaining weight despite being underweight

• Disturbance in perception of body shape• Absence of 3 consecutive menstrual cycles

IncidenceIncidences:s:

• The incidence of The incidence of eating disorders has eating disorders has increased increased five timesfive times since 1955since 1955

• More than 1/2 of high More than 1/2 of high school girls have school girls have dieteddieted

• Anorexia is the third Anorexia is the third most common chronic most common chronic disease in teensdisease in teens

Common Male Groups with Common Male Groups with Eating Disorders:Eating Disorders:

Prognosis & Treatment:Prognosis & Treatment:• Worsening occurs in 15-25% of Worsening occurs in 15-25% of patients patients

• Mortality is 5% for anorexiaMortality is 5% for anorexia• Poorer prognosis for bulimia with Poorer prognosis for bulimia with history of sexual abuse, history of sexual abuse, coexistent personality disorder or coexistent personality disorder or depression, substance abusedepression, substance abuse

• Treatment:Treatment: cognitive therapy, cognitive therapy, medication, in and out patient medication, in and out patient treatment centerstreatment centers

Taboo: Eating Disorder

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJPrhJty7TM

• We will now watch selected parts of the documentary “THIN” which documents the daily lives of residents inside an eating disorder clinic in Florida.