EMBEDDED SYSTEM BASED GSM

COMMUNICATION FOR AUTOMATIC

IRRIGATION CONTROL SYSTEM

IEEE Reference: Wireless sensor network based remote irrigation control system and Automation using DTMF code.

Abstract:

Agriculture is a source of livelihood of majority

Indians and has great impact on the economy of the

country. In dry areas or in case of inadequate rainfall,

irrigation becomes difficult. So, it needs to be automated

for proper yield and handled remotely for farmer safety. In

this paper we suggest a Wireless sensor network and

Embedded based technique to control water flow for

sectored, sprinkler or drip section irrigation. This system

will be very economical in terms of the hardware cost,

power consumption and call charges.

In places such as agriculture lands, there is a

continuous need for monitoring the water level at particular

places. In places such as drip irrigation for coconuts and

bananas, the water is let out through pipes directly to each

field. A person has to carefully monitor the water level at

regular intervals. His job becomes tedious during night

times and for frequent power cuts. Sometimes there is

wastage of water and electricity due to negligence and

other times there is a hard job for the user. The project

helps in automating this job.

This is highly helpful in places such as drip irrigation

system where there are many flow pipes but does not

require any change in the agricultural fields. Further there

is a wireless communication device consisting of very high

frequency transceiver. It helps to coordinate any action

between the controlling authority and the fields. So each

field can be placed as a separate wireless node and these

field transceivers act as a high speed wireless network.

The project proposes a water level sensor at each place

where the water has to be monitored. When the motor is

switched on the sensors are activated and the fields are

irrigated automatically. Once the water reaches a particular

level which may even take hours, the system takes

appropriate steps to regulate or even stop the water flow.

The farmers’ job gets over immediately after

switching the power supply. The circuit also monitors the

water in the well/bore well so that if the water level goes

very low it switches off the main motor to prevent dry run

and also to prevent damage to the motor.

The project houses a high speed microcontroller and

water sensors at different fields and inside the well. These

sensors are attached to the microcontroller and are

controlled accordingly using motor and water control

circuits.

The microcontroller used is a high Speed

microcontroller for fault free operation. It has a variety of

advantages over conventional old microcontrollers such as

RISC architecture, larger memory word, fast operation and

a host of inbuilt features such as ADC, communication

protocols etc.,

The project also houses a GSM modem where the user

can easily be notified by any fault in the system or if all

fields are properly irrigated or if there is no sufficient water

in the well. The same can be used to switch on the system

and off by simply sending an SMS. This scheduling helps

greatly because as agriculture power supplies are provided

only at a particular time of day and not all hours. This is

highly helpful in places if the user is out of his home for

any purpose or his home is far away from his agricultural

land which is a common scenario.

This helps in precious saving of water and electricity

and eases the job of the person. The project can be used in

large agricultural lands, coconut plantations and many other

plantations and even in home environment or industries and

colleges where there are large gardens to monitor and irri

gate them

automatically.

Block Diagram:

PIC MICROCONTROLLERPIC16F877

Soil moisture Sensor

ADC

GSM interfacing Circuit

GSM

RelayDriver

Relay

WIPER Motor

Interfacing Circuit

LCD DISPLAYFOR STATUS

Relay Driver (2)

Relay (2)

Signal conditioning ckt

Humitity sensor

+5V Power supply(to all components)

Valves (2)

Hardware Components:

1. Embedded Microcontroller – PIC 16F8772. GSM module3. Relays 4. Relay Drive5. HUMITITY/TEMP6. SOIL MOISTURE7. WIPER MOTOR

Software Tools:

1. Eagle for PCB design3. OrCAD for Schematic Design4. MPLAB IDE for controller programming

Advantages:

1. This system will be very economical in terms of the hardware cost and power consumption.

2. This helps in precious saving of water and electricity and eases the job of the person.

3. It can be implemented in large agricultural areas.4. By the use of GSM the user can control the motor

from anywhere by just sending SMS.

RF interfacing Circuit

5V – Power supply(to all components)