Agilent Technologies 8960 Series 10 Wireless ...application-notes.digchip.com/018/18-25077.pdf · S:\content repository\(01) E5515\E1962B TA, E6702A LA cdma2000\release archive\4.3\app_guide\chapters\cdma2000_appguide_titlepa

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Agilent Technologies 8960 Series 10 Wireless Communications Test Set Agilent Technologies E6702A cdma2000 Lab Application

Application Guide

E6702A Lab Application Revision: A.03

1000-1878 (not orderable)

© Copyright Agilent Technologies 2000-2003

www.agilent.com/find/8960/

NoticeInformation contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the Copyright License under the clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 (APR 1988).

Agilent Technologies, Inc.Learning Products Department24001 E. MissionLiberty Lake, WA 99019-9599U.S.A.

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Protocol Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Protocol Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8PC Operating System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Starting and Stopping Protocol Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Settable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Getting Started with Protocol Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Protocol Logging Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Summary of Requirements for the Wireless Protocol Advisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Activating Protocol Logging From the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Test Set Control of Protocol Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Settable Fields in Overhead Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12IS-95 Overhead Message Settable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12IS-2000 Overhead Message Settable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Data Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Data Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Data Channel Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Data Channel Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Data Channel Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Data Channel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Getting Started with the Data Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Data Connection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Test Set Network Emulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Related Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

What is Service Option 33? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26How Service Option 33 Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Service Option 33 Data Channel States and Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Transitional States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Terminal States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Data Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Ping Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36How to Read the Ping Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Related Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Service Option 33 Data Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Forward Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Reverse Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Changing Supplemental Channel Data Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Supplemental Channel Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Forward Supplemental Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Reverse Supplemental Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

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Service Option 33 Multiplex Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Supported Multiplex Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Handoffs Available in Service Option 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Hard Handoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Soft Handoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Service Option Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

How Do I Originate a Packet Data Connection From My Wireless Device? . . . . . . 43Establishing the Data Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

How Do I Access the Data Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How Do I Ping a Device From the Test Set? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

IP Address Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47How Network Addresses Are Assigned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47How to Interpret IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Soft Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Soft/Softer Handoff Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Soft Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Softer Handoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Key Parameters Involved in the Soft/Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Pilot Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Performing Soft/Softer Handoffs with the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Cell 1 and Cell 2 Used in Soft/Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Configuring Cell 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Cell 2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

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Configuring Cell 2 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Configuring Cell 2 PN Offset and Code Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Configuring Cell 2 Closed Loop Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Soft Handoff Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Enabling Soft Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Generated Pilot Level Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Settings That Effect the Generated Pilot Level Information Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Updating the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

General Procedures for Soft/Softer Handoff Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72A. Establish a call. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75F. Send Pilot Meas Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Add? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Comp? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Drop/T_TDrop? . . . . . . . . . 82

How Do I Test Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Soft Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Softer Handoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Graphic Access Probe Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94How is a Graphical Access Probe Power measurement made? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Input Signal Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Key TIA/EIA-98-E Tests Using the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement . . . . . 98Calibrating the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Programming a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

How Do I Perform a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement? . . . . . . . . . . . . 103A. Register the Mobile Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103B. Turn Timer-Based Registration Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103C. Turn Call Limit On. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103D. Set Up Access Probe Power Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104E. Arm the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104F. Page the Mobile Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

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G. Set Up the Graphical View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Graphical Access Probe Power Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Possible Setup Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Clipping of Access Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Interpreting Integrity Indicator values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

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Protocol Logging

Protocol Logging

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Protocol Logging

Protocol LoggingThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

“Getting Started with Protocol Logging”

The E6702A Lab Application enables the test set to capture the exchange of control and data information between the test set and a mobile station. Captured information is forwarded to a software application that runs on a personal computer under the Windows operating system.

The software application is referred to as the WPA (Wireless Protocol Advisor). It is tailored for the capture, display, and analysis of message exchange protocols between the test set, emulating a base station, and a mobile station.

IMPORTANT Most of the information necessary to establish a connection and to display, filter, store, print, and analyze the message exchange between the test set and a mobile station is accessible through the Help feature available on-line when the WPA application is running.

This on-line help is also available for download at:

http://www.agilent.com/find/e6582a/

Additional information, including PC operating system requirements and additional protocol logging reference information specific to the test set’s Lab Application is listed below.

PC Operating System Requirements

Logging protocol messages requires an external PC with the following system requirements:

• “Protocol Logging Requirements”

Starting and Stopping Protocol Logging

There are several ways to control the logging of signaling messages.

The primary method for starting and stopping is through features found in the WPA software.

The following information describes features available through the test set’s remote and manual user interface for performing these functions:

• “Activating Protocol Logging From the Test Set”

Settable Fields

The following list of signaling message fields can be changed by setting test set parameters:

Settable Overhead Message Fields

• “Settable Fields in Overhead Messages”



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Getting Started with Protocol Logging

Getting Started with Protocol LoggingYou can use a PC software application, the Wireless Protocol Advisor (WPA), to analyze communication between a wireless device and the test set. If you’re using the data channel feature of the test set as an IP router to exchange data between the wireless device and a network server, then the WPA can also monitor these communications.

The software connects with the test set through the LAN port, to capture messages and data used to set up and maintain links and transfer data. Messages and data can be filtered to include specific protocol layers and message fields.

Most of the information necessary to establish a connection and to display, filter, store, print, and analyze the message exchange between the test set and a mobile station is accessible through the Help feature available on-line when the WPA application is running. You can also download and print a pdf of this information at http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/1000-1868.pdf or click below:

Protocol Logging: Getting Started Guide

TO RETURN TO THE MAIN MEASUREMENTS PAGE, click here: “Protocol Logging” .

http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/1000-1868.pdf

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Protocol Logging Requirements

Protocol Logging RequirementsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The Lab Application enables the test set to log protocol messages. Protocol messages are forwarded to the Wireless Protocol Advisor (WPA) software, which is required for message display and analysis. This software is included with the lab application and will run on PCs that meet the following system requirements:

Summary of Requirements for the Wireless Protocol Advisor

NOTE These requirements are subject to change or addition without notice. Always refer to the product web page for the latest information.

• PC Operating System:

— Microsoft Windows 98

— Microsoft Windows NT 4 SP3/4/5

— Microsoft Windows 2000

• 300 MHz Pentium or equivalent recommended

• 128 MB RAM recommended

• 250 MB available disk space required for installation

• 100 MB available disk space recommended for storing logged information

• Video resolution minimum 800 by 600 pixels with at least 256 colors

• LAN or WAN connectivity required to connect to the test set

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Activating Protocol Logging From the Test Set

Activating Protocol Logging From the Test SetThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Once a connection is established between the PC running the WPA (Wireless Protocol Advisor) and the test set, a logging session can be activated (or deactivated) by selecting the start (or stop) softkey from the test set’s front panel or by sending GPIB commands that perform the same functions:

NOTE The WPA software performs the same start/stop functions when the REC (RECord) button is selected. Refer to the WPA on-line Help for details.

Test Set Control of Protocol Logging

If a PC with the WPA software has not yet connected with the test set, an error message will be generated if an attempt is made to start protocol logging. Exactly one PC/WPA can be connected to a test set at one time.

Front Panel Control of Protocol Logging

1. Press the CALL SETUP key to go to the Call Setup screen.

2. Press the More key on the left hand Control menu to go to screen 2.

3. Press Protocol Logging (F1).

4. Press Start Protocol Logging (F1) to begin logging.

Remote Control of Protocol Logging

The GPIB command to control Protocol Logging is CALL:PLOGging.

Settable Fields in Overhead Messages

Settable Fields in Overhead MessagesThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The test set communicates with a mobile station under test through messages formatted according to communication standards, such as IS-95 or IS-2000. The overhead messages listed below have message fields which are directly or indirectly settable by the user.

Overhead message fields not listed below are either specified by the communication standard or have been fixed to a suitable default value.

IMPORTANT The General Page Message is included with Overhead Messages if it does not contain Page Records. If the General Page Message contains Page Records it is included with the Mobile Station Directed messages.

IS-95 Overhead Message Settable Fields

Table 1. IS-95 Sync Channel Message

Field Default Value (decimal) Test Set Field Name Test Set Field Location

P_REV 4 (95-B) Protocol Rev Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

MIN_P_REV 4 (95-B) Protocol Rev Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

SID 331 System ID Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

NID 1 Network ID Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

PILOT_PN 12 Cell 1 (or 2) PN Offset Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Generator Information, Code Channel Parameters

PRAT 9600 (Full) Paging Data Rate Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

CDMA_FREQ Current Band Channel Channel Channel softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F9)

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Table 2. IS-95 System Parameters Message





MAX_SLOT_CYCLE_INDEX

1 Max Slot Cycle Index Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

REG_PRD 29 Registration Period Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Registration Parameters

T_ADD 28 T_Add Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_DROP 32 T_Drop Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_COMP 5 T_Comp Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_TDROP 3 T_TDrop Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

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Table 3. IS-95 Extended System Parameters Message



MCC 310 Cell MCC Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

IMSI_11_12 0 Cell MNC Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

P_REV 4 (95-B) Protocol Rev Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

MIN_P_REV 4 (95-B) Protocol Rev Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

Table 4. IS-95 Access Parameters Message



NOM_PWR 0 Nominal Power Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

INIT_PWR 0 Initial Power Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

PWR_STEP 3 Power Step Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

NUM_STEP 3 Number of Steps Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

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PAM_SZ 10 Preamble Size Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

MAX_REQ_SEQ 1 Maximum Request Sequence

Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

MAX_RSP_SEQ 1 Maximum Response Sequence


NOM_PWR_EXT 0 Nominal Power Extended


Table 5. IS-95 CDMA Channel List Message




Table 6. IS-95 Neighbor List Message





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IS-2000 Overhead Message Settable Fields

Table 7. IS-95 Extended Neighbor List Message



Table 8. IS-2000 Sync Channel Message





PRAT 0 (full-rate) Paging Data Rate Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters


EXT_CDMA_FREQ Current Band Channel Channel Channel softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F9)

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Table 9. IS-2000 System Parameters Message





MAX_SLOT_CYCLE_INDEX

0 Max Slot Cycle Index Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

REG_PRD 0 (Off), Timer 29 Registration Period Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Registration Parameters

T_ADD 28 T_Add Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_DROP 32 T_Drop Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_COMP 5 T_Comp Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

T_TDROP 3 T_TDrop Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

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NOM_PWR 0 Nominal Power Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

INIT_PWR 0 Initial Power Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

PWR_STEP 3 Power Step Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

NUM_STEP 3 Number of Steps Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

PAM_SZ 10 Preamble Size Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Access Parameters

MAX_REQ_SEQ 1 Maximum Request Sequence


MAX_RSP_SEQ 1 Maximum Response Sequence


NOM_PWR_EXT 0 Nominal Power Extended


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Table 11. IS-2000 CDMA Channel List Message







MCC 310 Cell MCC Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

IMSI_11_12 0 Cell MNC Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

QPCH_SUPPORTED 0 F-QPCH State Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

QPCH_POWER_LEVEL_PAGE

-3 F-QPCH Relative to Pilot Level

Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

RLGAIN_TRAFFIC_PILOT

0 RL Traffic to Pilot Gain Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Cell Information, Cell Parameters

P_REV IS95 Protocol Standard Protocol Rev Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

MIN_P_REV IS95 Protocol Standard Protocol Rev softkey (Call Parms 1 of 3: F10)

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SOFT_SLOPE 0 Soft_Slope Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

ADD_INTERCEPT 0 Add_Intercept Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

DROP_INTERCEPT 0 Drop_Intercept Call Setup Screen, Call Control 2 of 3: Soft Handoff Info, Soft Handoff Parameters

Table 13. IS-2000 Neighbor List Message



Table 14. IS-2000 Extended Neighbor List Message





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Data Channel

Data Channel

Data Channel

Data Channel This section is only applicable to the lab application.

“Getting Started with the Data Channel”

The Data Channel function allows you to use the test set to transfer IP packet data between an external network and a cdma2000 wireless device with a Service Option 33 (SO33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH)) High Speed Packet Data Service Option call connected.

The test set’s Data Channel feature supports the following procedures:

• Access a network from a cdma2000 WAP-enabled wireless device.

• Access a network from a PC equipped with a cdma2000 wireless modem.

• Log simple IP and packet data.

• Ping a cdma2000 wireless device.

• Change the RF Channel number or the cell’s PN offset values while a data connection is maintained.

The test set also keeps a count of the number of RLP (Radio Link Protocol) data units that are transferred on both the forward (network to wireless device) and reverse (wireless device to network) directions.

To provide analysis of the data channel, the Wireless Protocol Advisor logs cdma2000 control and stack messages, PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) packets, RLP frames, and IP (Internet Protocol) packets. See “Protocol Logging” .

Data Channel Feature Overview

• “Test Set Network Emulation”

• “What is Service Option 33?”

• “Service Option 33 Data Channel States and Transitions”

• “Data Counters”

• “Ping”

Data Channel Capabilities

• “Service Option 33 Data Rates”

• “Supplemental Channel Encoding”

• “Service Option 33 Multiplex Options”

• “Handoffs Available in Service Option 33”

• “Service Option Changes”

Data Channel Operating Procedures

• Data Channel Operating Procedures

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Data Channel

Data Channel Requirements

• “IP Address Requirements”

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Getting Started with the Data Channel

Getting Started with the Data ChannelThe data channel feature allows you to use the test set as an IP router, exchanging data between a wireless device and remote servers.

For general information to help you become more familiar with the data channel feature, see “Data Channel Feature Overview” .

To learn more about what data channel setup you can perform using the test set, see “Data Channel Capabilities” .

To review the setup and use of the data channel feature, see “Data Channel Operating Procedures” :

TO RETURN TO THE MAIN MEASUREMENTS PAGE, click here: “Data Channel” .

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Data Connection Diagram

Data Connection DiagramThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

When using the test set’s data channel feature, the test set functions as a modem to transfer data between a wireless device and a LAN (Local Area Network).

Figure 1. The Test Set in a Data Channel Configuration

The data channel feature provides end-to-end connectivity between the wireless device and a server application.

Data is transferred when an SO33 (Service Option 33) or a SO33 (+F-SCH) (Service Option 33 + Forward Supplemental Channel) is connected and a wireless device accesses the network or the network pings the wireless device. See “What is Service Option 33?”

Test Set Network Emulation

The data channel provides connectivity between the wireless device and a server application by mimicking the relevant behaviors of the following network entities:

• MSC (Mobile Switching Center)

• BSC (Base Station Controller)

• PDSN (Packet Data Switching Network)

• PCF (Packet Control Function)

Related Topics

“What is Service Option 33?”

What is Service Option 33?

What is Service Option 33?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

Service Option 33 is a service option that supports a packet data connection between a wireless device (mobile station, PDA, wireless modem) and a TCP/IP network. Using Service Option 33, a wireless device can send or receive data through the test set’s front panel RF connector, and the test set will route data through the rear panel LAN port to or from a packet data network.

Getting Connected

When a wireless device attempts to access or transfer data, for instance when a selection is made from a web browser on a mobile station, the mobile station must request an SO33 connection. If the test set is configured to one of the available packet data service options (see “Service Option 33 Types” ), that service option will be automatically connected if the service negotiation between the wireless device and the test set was successful.

When an SO33 packet data connection is opened, packet data is exchanged between the LAN port on the test set and the wireless device using a data link layer PPP (Point to Point Protocol) connection.

The data link layer connection is kept open by the wireless device and the PDSN (see “PDSN (Packet Data Service Node) Emulation” ) only as long as is determined by PPP. Occurrences such as link quality failure, expiration of an idle-period timer, or administrative closing of the link (such as exiting the browser on the wireless device) will cause the data link layer connection to be closed.

Service Option 33 Types

There are two packet data service options currently featured in the test set:

• SO33

• SO33 (+F-SCH)

When SO33 is selected, data is transferred on the forward and reverse fundamental channels. When SO33 (+ F-SCH) is selected, the forward supplemental channel is provided to increase data rates. See “Service Option 33 Data Rates” . The reverse supplemental channel is not used.

The packet data channel service options listed in “Data Channel Service Option Availability” are available depending on the selected radio configuration.

Table 15. Data Channel Service Option Availability

Data Channel Service Options

Fwd1, Rvs1 Fwd2, Rvs2 Fwd3,Rvs3 Fwd4,Rvs3 Fwd5,Rvs4

SO33 N/A N/A Available Available Available

SO33 (+SCH) N/A N/A Available Available N/A

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How Service Option 33 Works

Service options define the way traffic bits are processed by a wireless device and the test set. For instance, there are service options that support voice echo and service options that support traffic frame loopback.

Service Option 33 supports high speed packet data transfer between a wireless device and a network.

When a Service Option 33 packet data session is connected, the test set must emulate, in addition to the Base Station, Base Station Controller, and Mobile Switching Center, relevant functions of the following two entities as specified in 3GPP2 A.S0001-A Version 2.0, 3GPP2 Access Network Interfaces Interoperability Specification:

• PDSN (Packet Data Service Node) and

• PCF (Packet Control Function)

See Figure 2. “Network Reference Model” below.

Figure 2. Network Reference Model

Test Set

PDN(Packet Data

Network)

Wireless Device

Rear Panel LAN Port

Front Panel RF Port

Base

Station

MobileSwitching

Center

(PacketControlFunction)

(Packet DataService Node)

PDSNPCF

FunctionsSO 33

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PCF (Packet Control Function) Emulation

One network entity that is emulated by the test set is the PCF. Its job is to manage the relay of packets between the PDSN (see “PDSN (Packet Data Service Node) Emulation” ) and the Base Station.

When a Service Option 33 call is initiated a physical traffic channel is assigned to the call, following normal voice service negotiation procedures. After the call transitions to the connected state, the PCF initiates the setting up of signaling and traffic connections between the PCF and the PDSN.

If the connection between the PCF and the PDSN was successful, a PPP (Point to Point Protocol) link layer connection between the wireless device and the PDSN is opened.

PDSN (Packet Data Service Node) Emulation

Another network entity that is emulated by the test set is the PDSN. The PDSN is a specialized router that functions as an interface to fixed networks (like the Internet). The PDSN establishes, maintains, and terminates link layer sessions and routes packet data between a wireless device and the network it is communicating with.

When a Service Option 33 call is first connected, a PPP (Point to Point Protocol) link layer connection between a wireless device and the PDSN is opened. A physical traffic channel assignment allocates bandwidth to this connection, supporting data exchange between the wireless device and the base station.

RLP (Radio Link Protocol) Type 3 Emulation

RLP (Radio Link Protocol Type 3) is a protocol that specifies how data is delivered over the RF link between the wireless device and the base station.

RLP treats upper layer data as a “featureless octet stream”. It delivers data in the order received from upper layers and does not concern itself with the framework of the data packets formed in IP and PPP. See Figure 3. “Service Option 33 Interface Protocols”.

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Figure 3. Service Option 33 Interface Protocols

There are three general types of frames sent by RLP:

• Control (SYNC, SYNC/ACK, NAK)

• Data (New, Retransmitted)

• Fill and Idle

Control frames are used to synchronize RLP data transfer between the wireless device and the base station. Once synchronized, RLP data frames can be transferred.

The test set will display Connected +Data during data transfer.

RLP is a pure NAK-based protocol. This means the receiver does not acknowledge received data frames. When a frame is missing RLP responds by sending a NAK (Negative AcKnowledge) frame requesting retransmission. When a new or retransmitted frame is received it is placed in a storage buffer that manages sequential delivery of RLP frames to the upper layers.

The test set maintains a set of RLP frame counters. See “Data Counters” .

Wireless Device

Test Set

Base Station/PCF

PDSN

IP

PPP (Frames) PPP (Frames)

IPNetworkLayer

Link Layer

RelayLayer

IP = Internet Protocol

PPP = Point to Point Protocol

RLP = Radio Link Protocol

Legend:

(RF)

IS-2000IS-2000

RLP

(Packets, Bytes) (Packets, Bytes)

(Frames, Octets)RLP

(Frames, Octets)

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Service Option 33 Physical Channel

The RLP specifies that RLP frames are carried on either the F/R FCH (Forward/Reverse Fundamental Channel), the F/R SCH (Forward/Reverse Supplemental Channel), or the F/R DCCH (Forward/Reverse Dedicated Control Channel). The test set does not support the F/R DCCH and the R-SCH.

The SO 33 Relay Layer protocol specifies that RLP can be carried as either primary traffic or secondary traffic. The test set configures the Mux Sublayer to carry RLP as primary traffic. See “Service Option 33 Multiplex Options” .

Standards

For Service Option 33: Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum Systems:cdma2000 High Speed Packet Data Service Option 33, 3GPP2 C.S0017-0-2.12

For RLP: Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum Systems:Radio Link Protocol Type 3,3GPP2 C.S0017-0-2.10

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Service Option 33 Data Channel States and Transitions

Service Option 33 Data Channel States and TransitionsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

When S033 or SO33 (+ F-SCH) is selected as the service option for the current Radio Configuration, the following transitional and terminal call processing states may be displayed in the Active Cell status portion of the display.

Transitional States

The following call control states are states that the test set and wireless terminal remain in only momentarily during transitions to a terminal state.

• Registering

• Paging

• Access Probe

• Setup

• Alerting

• Handoff

• Releasing

Terminal States

The following call control states are states that the test set can remain in for a substantial length of time, sometimes indefinitely.

• Idle

• Connected

• Connected +Data

Figure 4. “Call Control States” shows the test set’s terminal states during SO 33 operation and the transitional states involved.

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Figure 4. Call Control States

Idle

The Idle state is the call control state that the test set will display initially (power up, preset, etc.). After a call ends and the call processing state has transitioned through Releasing the test set will be in the Idle state. The call control state will remain idle until a transition to Registering or the Access Probe state occurs.

Connected

The Connected state indicates that a call is connected and that the Forward Fundamental Channel and the Reverse Fundamental Channels are the only channels being used for data transfer.

Call Control Status:

Idle


Connected


Connected + data

Releasing

*Packet Data Inactivity Timer times out

Data carried on Fundamental Channel only

(SO33)

Registering

*Power up registration

*Forced (Register Mobile)

*Timer based registration

Access Probe

*Access web browser

*Start Ping

*Transfer files (FTP)

Releasing

*End Call from wireless terminal

*End Call from test set

Data carried on Fundamental and Supplemental Channel

(SO33 (+F-SCH))

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Connected +Data

The Connected +Data state indicates that a call is connected and that the Forward Supplemental Channel is available in addition to the Forward Fundamental Channel for higher rates of data transfer.

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Data Counters

Data CountersThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

As part of the SO 33 High Speed Packet Data (Data Channel) feature the test set will maintain forward (test set to wireless device) and reverse (wireless device to test set) data counters.

See “How Do I Access the Data Counters” for front panel operation.

A Counters table will keep track of the following types of data frames in both the forward and reverse directions:

• IP Packets

• IP Bytes

• RLP Frames

• RLP Octets

A second table, RLP Counters Info, provides more detailed information, such as

• RLP Control Frames

• RLP (Radio Link Protocol) data frames

• RLP Fill Frames

• RLP Idle frames

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Data Counters

All counters will be cleared when the Clear Counters (F3) key is pressed (see “To Clear the Data Counters” ).

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Ping

PingThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Ping Description

Ping is a tool to help check system interconnects. The test set has a Ping feature that allows you to ping either the DUT or an alternate address. It sends an IP datagram (technically an ICMP message: Internet Control Message Protocol) from the test set to the ping target expecting a response from the target. If a response is received it is recorded on the test set’s display. This feature is controlled through the front panel or through GPIB control.

To Ping the DUT From the Test Set

See “How Do I Ping a Device From the Test Set?” )

How to Read the Ping Results

In response to a ping the DUT will return a packet to the test set and the packet transfer information will be displayed on the test set’s screen. In the example below ping count was set to 1. Note that it took 2700 msec to complete the ping.

Related Topics

“How Do I Ping a Device From the Test Set?”

Service Option 33 Data Rates

Service Option 33 Data RatesThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Both SO 33 and SO 33 (+ F-SCH) are included as FCH Service Option Setup choices for the following radio configurations:

• Fwd3, Rvs3

• Fwd4, Rvs3

For radio configuration Fwd5,Rvs4 no supplemental channel is supported, therefore SO 33 (+ F-SCH) is not applicable.

Forward Channel

The forward channel data rates specified for radio configurations Fwd3, Rvs3 through Fwd5, Rvs4 are listed below:

The total forward channel data rate depends on the radio configuration and the selected service option.

• SO33

When SO33 is selected, forward channel data is carried on the F-FCH. The total data rate is controlled by the Traffic Data Rate field setting (F12 on Call Parms 2 of 3 menu).

• SO33 (+ F-SCH)

When SO33 (+ F-SCH) is selected, the forward channel data rate is the sum of the F-FCH and the F-SCH (see “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?” ) if the current radio configuration includes a supplemental channel.

NOTE The test set allocates the F-SCH for the duration of an SO33 (+ F-SCH) call. (A real network allocates/deallocates F-SCH as needed.) However, F-SCH power is on only when a data frame is sent.

Table 16. F-FCH and F-SCH Data Rates

Fwd3, Rvs3 Fwd4, Rvs3 Fwd5, Rvs4

F-FCH (Traffic) F-SCH F-FCH (Traffic) F-SCH F-FCH (Traffic) F-SCH

1.5 kbps (Eighth) 9.6 kbps 1.5 kbps (Eighth) 9.6 kbps 1.8 kbps (Eighth) N/A

2.7 kbps (Quarter) 19.2 kbps 2.7 kbps (Quarter) 19.2 kbps 3.6 kbps (Quarter) N/A

4.8 kbps (Half) 38.4 kbps 4.8 kbps (Half) 38.4 kbps 7.2 kbps (Half) N/A

9.6 kbps (Full) 76.8 kbps 9.6 kbps (Full) 76.8 kbps 14.4 kbps (Full) N/A

153.6 kbps 153.6 kbps

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Service Option 33 Data Rates

Reverse Channel

Reverse channel data rates are not controlled by the test set. The wireless device controls the rate of data transfer on the reverse channel.

The test set will decode only 9.6 kbps data rates on the R-FCH (Reverse Fundamental Channel).

Changing Supplemental Channel Data Rates

The forward F-SCH Data Rate (see “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?” ) can be changed while maintaining a data connection. During a five frame (100 mS) period immediately after the data rate change the supplemental channel will not be transmitting data. The fundamental channel will continue to transmit data during this interval.

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Supplemental Channel Encoding

Supplemental Channel EncodingThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Forward Supplemental Channel

The F-SCH (Forward Supplemental Channel) has two Encoder Type settings (see “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?” ):

• Convolutional

• Turbo

Turbo encoding on the F-SCH is available only when F-SCH Data Rate is set to a rate above 14.4 kbps.

Reverse Supplemental Channel

The test set does not currently have the ability to turn on or decode the R-SCH (Reverse Supplemental Channel).

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Service Option 33 Multiplex Options

Service Option 33 Multiplex OptionsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Supported Multiplex Options

The following multiplex options are supported by the test set:

• 0x1

• 0x2

• 0x3

• 0x905

• 0x909

• 0x911

• 0x921

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Handoffs Available in Service Option 33

Handoffs Available in Service Option 33This section is only applicable to the lab application.

Hard Handoffs

RF Channel

The test set is designed to support changes to the RF Channel during an SO 33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH) data channel call. .

PN Offset

The test set is designed to support changes to the PN Offset during an SO 33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH) data channel call.

Soft Handoffs

The test set does not support soft handoffs during SO 33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH) data channel calls.

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Service Option Changes

Service Option ChangesThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

If a call is connected with Service Option 33, and a change to another service option is attempted, the test set will automatically terminate the data connection and service option negotiation will proceed.

A change to Service Option 33 from another service option is not supported because neither end has data to send.

If a service option change from SO33 to SO33 (+ F-SCH) is attempted, the F-SCH will be enabled and an Extended Supplemental Channel Assignment Message will be sent to the wireless device assigning the F-SCH (Forward Supplemental Channel). The state of the data connection will not change.

If a service option change from SO33 (+ F-SCH) to SO33 is attempted, an Extended Supplemental Channel Assignment Message will be sent to the wireless device and the F-SCH will be disabled. The state of the data connection will not change

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How Do I Originate a Packet Data Connection From My Wireless Device?

How Do I Originate a Packet Data Connection From My Wireless Device?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

An SO (Service Option) 33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH) call enables high speed packet data transfer.

Establishing the Data Connection

1. Connect the test set’s rear panel LAN PORT to a LAN or a PC running a server application. (See “Data Connection Diagram” )

2. Connect a web enabled wireless device to the test set’s front panel RF IN/OUT connector.

3. If the wireless device is functioning as a modem in your test setup and a PC will be running the web browser, connect the wireless device to a PC.

4. Set up the test set as you would using other service options (enter the wireless device’s Cell Band, Channel, SID, etc.).

5. Select SO33 or SO33 (+F-SCH) in the FCH Service Option Setup menu.

6. Enter the mobile station IP address (See “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?” ).

7. Turn on power to the mobile station.

8. After the mobile station finds service, navigate to the web browser on the wireless device or PC. Using the web browser, attempt to access a web site.

9. Monitor the Active Cell call status (see “Service Option 33 Data Channel States and Transitions” ), the wireless device display, and the RLP counters (see “How Do I Access the Data Counters” ) as data is transferred.

How Do I Access the Data Counters

How Do I Access the Data CountersThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The test set’s data channel features include counters that increment as RLP (Radio Link Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) data is transferred to/from a wireless device (see “Data Counters” ).

There are two tables that provide RLP and IP frame counts. The first is labeled Counters and is accessed as follows:

1. Press the CALL SETUP key.

2. Press the left More key until screen 3 of 3 is displayed.

3. Press the Data Channel (F2) key.

The Counters table is shown at the bottom of the Data Channel screen.

The second table includes more detailed information and is accessed by following the steps above, then pressing the RLP Counters Info (F4) key.

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How Do I Access the Data Counters

The RLP Counters Information screen will be displayed.

To Clear the Data Counters

Press the Clear Counters (F3) key. Pressing this key clears all counters.

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How Do I Ping a Device From the Test Set?

How Do I Ping a Device From the Test Set?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

1. From the test set front panel, press the CALL SETUP key.

2. Press the left More key until 3 of 3 is displayed.

3. Press the Ping (F3) key.

4. Press the Ping Setup (F1) key.

5. In the Ping Setup menu, select the Device to Ping. If you select DUT, the IP Address entered in the DUT IP Address field will be pinged (see “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?” ). If you select Alternate, the IP Address entered in the Alternate Ping Address field will be pinged.

6. If required, set the Ping Count, Timeout, and Packet Size.

7. Press Start Ping (F3) key.

IP Address Requirements

IP Address RequirementsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The test set provides a field for entering the IP Address for a wireless device being tested using the high speed packet data service options SO 33 or SO 33 (+ F-SCH). See “How Do I Set Up Data Channel Parameters?”

There are two requirements for the DUT IP Address field:

1. The network portion of the wireless device’s DUT IP address must be the same as the network and subnet portion of the test set’s LAN IP Address.

2. The host portion of the wireless device’s DUT IP address must be unique. (It should not be the same as any other host on the network or subnet that the test set is connected to.)

How Network Addresses Are Assigned

Network IDs are assigned by the NIC (Network Information Center). The network portion (first two bytes) of the class B address in the example above would be acquired from the NIC by a network administrator to avoid conflicts with other networks. The network administrator is then free to allocate subnets as needed since subnet is not visible outside the network.

If you do not know the IP address the test set and/or DUT should be set to, or which unique host IDs are available, you should contact your network administrator.

How to Interpret IP Addresses

The network portion of the LAN IP Address depends on the address classification as shown below:

LAN IP Address Classification

Class A = 1.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255Class B = 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255Class C = 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255Class D = 224.0.0.0 to 247.255.255.255

An IP Address consists of a 4-byte (32 bit) number. Each byte is in a decimal form separated from other bytes by a dot. This is referred to as a “dotted decimal” format.

The IP address class defines which bytes contain the network portion of the address. For Class A addresses, the first byte from the left identifies the network. For class B it is the first two bytes from the left, and for class C it is the first three bytes. Class D addresses are multicast, which are used when a datagram is directed to multiple hosts. See Table 17. “IP Address Formatting”.

Table 17. IP Address Formatting

Class Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4

A Network Host

B Network Host

C Network Host

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Example 1. Determining the Test Set’s Network Address

If the test set’s LAN IP Address is set to 130.29.183.121, as shown below, the first two bytes represent the network portion since this is a Class B address.

If the test set is on a subnet, the Subnet Mask must be applied to determine the subnet address. This is done by performing bit-wise AND logic between the binary values of the LAN IP Address and Subnet Mask. See “Applying the Subnet Address”

D Multicast

Table 18. Applying the Subnet Address

LAN IP Address

130 29 183 121

Subnet Mask

255 255 255 0

Subnet Mask (Binary)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LAN IP Address (Binary)

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

Subnet Address (Binary)

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 17. IP Address Formatting

Class Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4

Network Portion

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As shown in the table above, the Subnet Mask splits the 16 bit host portion of the class B address into an 8-bit subnet ID and an 8-bit host ID.

In this example the DUT IP Address would need to be set to 130.29.183.XXX to match the test set’s subnet ID. The host portion of the LAN IP Address is identified by the bits corresponding to the 0 bits in the Subnet Mask. Therefore, the last byte in the DUT IP Address must not be 121 or any address that corresponds with any other host on the subnet at 130.29.183.XXX

Subnet Address

Network

130

Network

29

Subnet

183

Host

0

Table 18. Applying the Subnet Address

LAN IP Address

130 29 183 121

Subnet Mask

255 255 255 0

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Soft Handoff

Soft Handoff

Soft/Softer Handoff Concepts

Soft/Softer Handoff ConceptsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The CDMA system uses the soft/softer handoff technique to improve receptions when mobile stations move between cells/sectors (on cell/sector boundaries). (See Figure 5. “Soft Handoff vs. Softer Handoff”.)

Figure 5. Soft Handoff vs. Softer Handoff

Soft Handoff

Soft handoff is a "Make before break" handoff. That is, the mobile station (MS) is up on a call and moves from one base station (BS) to another, but the MS starts communicating with a new BS before terminating communications with the old BS.

• Soft handoffs can only be used between BSs on the same frequency. The technique improves reception as MSs move between cells (on cell boundaries).

• During soft handoff the MS actually communicates with more than one BS at a time, so that when it’s time to move from the weaker BS to the stronger one, the MS is already in communication with the stronger one.

• During a soft handoff, the mobile station receives independent closed loop power control bits from the two BSs and perform “Or of Downs” logic to determine how to adjust its power. That means the mobile station will increase its power level if and only if both power control bits from the two BSs are 0 (indicating up). If the power control bit from any base station equals to '1' (indicating down), the mobile station shall decrease its power.To learn more about how to use the test set to verify the MS behavior on independent closed loop power control from the two BSs, see “Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs” .

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Softer Handoff

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Softer Handoffs

A softer handoff occurs when the MS is communicating with two sectors of a cell. Softer handoff is identical to the soft handoff with the following exceptions.

• The mobile station receives identical power control from both sectors and provides diversity combining of the power control bits to determine whether the BSs are sending an up bit or a down bit (ignore the weaker bits). It’s NOT "or of downs" logic.To learn more about how to use the test set to verify the MS behavior on identical closed loop power control from two sectors, see “Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs” .

Key Parameters Involved in the Soft/Softer Handoff

The mobile station assists the base station in the handoff process by measuring and reporting the strengths of received pilots. It searches for pilots on the current CDMA Frequency Assignment to detect the presence of CDMA Channels and to measure their strengths. When the mobile station detects a pilot of sufficient strength that is not associated with any of the Forward Traffic Channels assigned to it, it sends a Pilot Strength Measurement Message or an Extended Pilot Strength Measurement Message to the base station. The base station can then assign a Forward Traffic Channel associated with that pilot to the mobile station and direct the mobile station to perform a handoff.

The following parameters effect the MS pilot strength reporting behavior. To learn more about how to use the test set to verify the MS behavior regarding these parameters, see “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” .

• T_ADD: As shown in Figure 6., if a Pilot Channel Ec/I0 exceeds T_ADD, the MS notifies the BS. The new pilot is added to the Candidate Set. It is now a candidate to be considered for the Active Set. Default T_ADD value is 28 (in incremental units of -0.5 dB, so 28 corresponds to -14 dB).

• T_COMP: As shown in Figure 6., if Candidate Set Pilot Channel Ec/I0 exceeds lowest Active Set Pilot Channel Ec/I0 by 0.5xT_COMP, the MS notifies the BS. The BS adds the pilot to the Active Set (MS commences soft handoff with it). Default value for 0.5xT_COMP is 2.5 dB.

• T_DROP and T_TDROP: As shown in Figure 6., if a Pilot Channel Ec/I0 in the Active Set falls below T_DROP for a time T_TDROP, then the MS notifies the BS. The BS removes it from the Active Set. Default value for T_DROP is 32 (in incremental units of -0.5 dB, so 32 corresponds to -16 dB) and for T_TDROP is 3 (corresponds to 4 seconds).

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Figure 6. T_Add, T_Comp and T_Drop

Pilot Sets

The pilot search parameters and the rules for Pilot Strength Measurement Message or Extended Pilot Strength Measurement Message transmission are expressed in terms of the following sets of pilots:

• Active Set: The set of pilots associated with the Forward Traffic Channels assigned to the MS. Any BS that the MS is up on a call with (or in soft handoff with) is in the MS's "Active Set".

• Candidate Set: The set of pilots that have been received with sufficient strength by the MS to be successfully demodulated, but have not been placed in the "Active Set" by the BS. MS has notified the BS that these strong pilots are present.

• Neighbor Set: The pilots that are not currently in the Active Set or the Candidate Set and are likely candidates for handoff.

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Performing Soft/Softer Handoffs with the Test Set

Performing Soft/Softer Handoffs with the Test SetThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

• “Cell 1 and Cell 2 Used in Soft/Softer Handoff”

• “Configuring Cell 2”

• “Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters”

• “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff”

• “Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs”

Cell 1 and Cell 2 Used in Soft/Softer Handoff

The test set has the ability to simulate either two individual base stations or one two way sectored base station (see Figure 7. “Test Set Generators”), which allows testing of soft and softer handoff performance of a mobile station (see “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” and “Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs” ).

• Cell 1 (or Sector A) is a full cell that supports up to seven CDMA channels for call processing support. For more configuration information about Cell 1.

• Cell 2 (or Sector B) is a partial cell that is implemented with only the channels required to exercise the soft and softer handoff functionality of a mobile station. For more configuration information about Cell 2, see “Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff” .

• Cell 2 / Sector B's Pilot source allows a CDMA mobile station to detect energy at another PN Offset and request a soft or softer handoff.

• Once cell 2 has been detected, a soft or softer handoff between the two cells/sectors can be user initiated from the test set. See “Enabling Soft Handoff” .

• Cells 1 and 2 have independent reverse link power controls and have individually settable Walsh code, PN Offsets. See “Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff” .

• Since Cell 2 does not have a Sync channel or a Paging channel, it is not possible for the mobile station to camp on Cell 2 or to be brought up on a call using only Cell 2 as the source.

• The mobile station can move from a call on Cell 1 to a call with soft or softer handoff including Cell 1 and Cell 2. The mobile station may then return to a call with Cell 1 only. The mobile station is not allowed to continue with a connection to Cell 2 only.

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Figure 7. Test Set Generators

Configuring Cell 2

See “Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff” .

Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters

See “Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters” .

Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff

When the mobile station detects that a pilot has crossed certain power level thresholds (such as T_Add, T_Comp, T_Drop, etc., see “Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters” ), the mobile station will send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the test set autonomously. The reported pilot level information is displayed in “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” table.

The following examples explain how these parameters affect the pilot reporting function of the mobile station.

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T_Add Behavior

If the pilot strength of Cell 2 relative to the total RF power (see “Pilot Delta Power” ), exceeds T_Add (28 is the default value) multiplied by -0.5 dB, the mobile station will add the Cell 2 pilot to its Candidate set of pilots (see “Pilot Sets” ). It will also send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message to the test set to report the measured pilot level information (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ).

See “How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Add?” for the example procedure to verify that the MS behaves correctly regarding T_Add.

Cell 1 Pilot Strength

T_Add


Pilot Strength Measurement Message is sentCell 2 Pilot becomes “Candidate”

Pilot Ec/Io (Pilot Delta Power)

Time

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T_Comp Behavior

If the pilot strength of Cell 2 (see “Pilot Delta Power” ) that is a member of the mobile station’s Candidate set of pilots (see “Pilot Sets” ), relative to the total RF power, is stronger than Cell 1 currently in the mobile station’s Active set (see “Pilot Sets” ) by at least T_Comp (5 is the default value) multiplied by 0.5 dB, the mobile station flags this event as "To Add" to assist the test set in determining when adding a pilot to the mobile station’s Active set should be considered (soft/softer handoff). The Cell 2 pilot is added to the Active set of pilots when the soft/softer handoff is initiated (see “Enabling Soft Handoff” ). It will also send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message to the test set to report the measured pilot level information (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ).

See “How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Comp?” for the example procedure to verify that the MS behaves correctly regarding T_Comp.


T_Add


Pilot Strength Measurement Message is sent

Time


0.5 x T_Comp dB

Cell 2 Pilot becomes “Candidate”

Pilot Strength Measurement Message is sentCell 2 Pilot becomes “To Add”

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T_Drop/T_TDrop Behavior

If the pilot strength of Cell 2 (see “Pilot Delta Power” ) that is currently in the mobile station’s Active set of pilots (see “Pilot Sets” ), relative to the total RF power, falls below the T_Drop (32 is the default value) multiplied by -0.5 dB threshold for the period of time specified by T_TDrop (3 is the default value, indicating 4 seconds), the mobile station flags this event as "To Drop" to assist the test set in determining when an Active set pilot should be dropped from its Active set. In the test set, the Cell 2 pilot is removed from the Active set of pilots when the soft/softer handoff is turned off (see “Enabling Soft Handoff” ). It will also send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message to the test set to report the measured pilot level information (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ).

See “How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Drop/T_TDrop?” for the example procedure to verify that the MS behaves correctly regarding T_Drop/T_TDrop.

Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs

The test set supports two types of soft handoffs: Soft and Softer. The difference between these two handoff types consists of messaging that the test set sends to the mobile station regarding closed loop power control subchannel bit. This allows to test the mobile station’s ability to respond correctly to more than one power control subchannels.

Cell 1 Pilot StrengthCell 2 Pilot Strength

Pilot Strength Measurement Message is sentCell 2 Pilot becomes “To Drop”

T_Drop

T_TDropTime


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MS CLPC Behavior in Soft Handoff

When Soft is selected in the Soft Handoff Parameters menu Handoff Type field (see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” ), and a soft handoff is initiated by selecting On in the Soft Handoff field (see “D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff” ),

• The test set sends the mobile station a Handoff Direction message with PWR_COMB_IND bit set to 0. This bit tells the mobile station that it will be receiving different power control bits from Cell 1 and Cell 2.

• The mobile station is expected to perform a logical “or of downs” of power control bits received from both cells, which means the mobile station will increase its power level if and only if both power control bits are 0 (indicating up).

See “Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Soft Handoff” for the example procedure to verify that the MS responds correctly to more than one power control subchannel based on “or of down” logic of the power control bits.

MS CLPC Behavior in Softer Handoff

When Softer is selected in the Soft Handoff Parameters menu Handoff Type field (see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” ), and a softer handoff is initiated by selecting On in the Soft Handoff field (“D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff” ),

• The test set sends the mobile station a Handoff Direction message with PWR_COMB_IND bit set to 1. This bit tells the mobile station that it will be receiving identical power control bits from both cells.

• The mobile station shall use diversity combining of power control bits received from both cells and always select the stronger bits. It’s NOT "or of downs" logic.

• When testing the mobile station’s ability to decide on the right power control bit during softer handoffs, it is valid to send different closed loop power control bits from each cell. The mobile station is required to determine the correct power control bit based on the stronger cell signal.

See “Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Softer Handoff” for the example procedure to verify that the MS responds correctly to more than one power control subchannel based on diversity combining of power control bits.

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Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff

Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer HandoffThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

• “Cell 2 Overview”

• “Configuring Cell 2 Power”

• “Configuring Cell 2 PN Offset and Code Channels”

• “Configuring Cell 2 Closed Loop Power Control”

Cell 2 Overview

Supporting soft and softer handoffs in the test set requires simulation of a second CDMA base station simulator (Cell 2). Cell 2 is implemented with only the channels (see Table 19. “Generated Code Channel Information for Cell 1 and Cell 2”) required to exercise the soft and softer handoff functionality of a CDMA mobile station. For more Cell 2 features in soft/softer handoff, see “Cell 1 and Cell 2 Used in Soft/Softer Handoff” .

Configuring Cell 2 Power

Setting Cell 2 Power, such as power range, rules, current level and desired level) are similar to the Cell Power (cell 1) settings. The test set’s total RF output power is a combination of the power of cell 1, cell 2 and AWGN power:Total RF Power (dBm/1.23 MHz) = [Cell 1 Power + Cell 2 Power + AWGN Power] (dBm/1.23 MHz)

Front Panel Usage

For how to change Cell 2 power to verify the mobile station soft/softer handoff behavior, see .

Table 19. Generated Code Channel Information for Cell 1 and Cell 2

Cell 1 Code Channels Cell 2 Code Channels

IS-2000 System IS-95 System IS-2000 System IS-95 System

F-Pilot F-Pilot F-Pilot F-Pilot

F-Sync F-Sync F-FCH/Traffic F-Traffic

F-Paging F-Paging F-OCNS F-OCNS

F-QPCH F-Traffic

F-FCH/Traffic F-OCNS

F-SCH

F-OCNS

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Programming Usage

The test set includes commands to set the desired Cell 2 Power. You may also query the desired power level settings.

The test set also includes commands to query the current level of cell 2 power. This CALL:STATus command is query only. It returns a value indicating the test set’s actual hardware settings and hardware status. Current hardware settings can differ from the desired level you’ve set, most frequently due to an error condition. When no error conditions exist, the commands used to set the desired level will return the same results as the commands used to query current level. For example, “CALL:CELL2:POWer?" will return the same value as “CALL:STATus:CELL2:POWer?" when no error conditions exist.

Configuring Cell 2 PN Offset and Code Channels

Setting Cell 2 code channel levels (such as current level, desired level, OCNS calculation) are similar to those for Cell 1.

Front Panel Usage

To set the Cell 2 code channels from the front panel.

Programming Usage

The following table contains a list of GPIB commands controlling cell 2 code channels.

Table 20. Generated Power Level Information

Parameter Current Level Desired Level

Cell 2 Power CALL:STATus:CELL2:POWer:[AMPLitude][:SELected]?

CALL:CELL2:POWer

Table 21. GPIB Commands for Setting/Querying Cell 2 Parameters

Parameters Command Purpose

Cell 2 PN Offset CALL:CELL2:PNOFfset Sets/queries the Cell 2 PN (pseudonoise) offset.

Cell 2 F-Pilot Level (relative to cell)

CALL:CELL2:PILot Sets Cell 2 F-Pilot Level.

Cell 2 F-Traffic Level (IS-95 system)

CALL:CELL2:TRAFfic Sets Cell 2 Traffic Level (IS-95).

Cell 2 F-FCH/Traffic Level (IS-2000 system)

CALL:CELL2:FCHannel Sets Cell 2 F-FCH/Traffic Level (IS-2000).

Cell 2 Delay CALL:CELL2:DELay Sets Cell 2 Delay (baseband channel relative to Cell 1).

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Configuring Cell 2 Closed Loop Power Control

The Cell 2 closed loop power control, together with cell 1 closed loop power control, is used to verify that the mobile station responds correctly to more than one power control subchannel during soft/softer handoffs. See for details.

The closed loop power control bit patterns for Cell 2 (Cell 2 Rvs CLPC) are:

• Active bits: indicates that the test set sends power control bits that raise or lower the power level of the mobile station depending on the received signal strength of the reverse channel.

• Alternating bits: indicates that the test set sends alternating up/down (0/1) power control bits.

• All Up bits: indicates that the test set sends all 0 (up) power control bits.

• All Down bits: indicates that the test set sends all 1 (down) power control bits.

• Alt20 Up/Down bits: indicates that the test set sends a periodic sequence of 20 up power control bits followed by 20 down power control bits.

• Cell 1 bits: indicates that Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (cell 2 reverse closed loop power control) mode is set to the same mode as Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (cell 1 reverse closed loop power control). For Cell 1 Rvs CLPC.

The Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (cell 2 reverse closed loop power control) bit patterns can be set using the CALL:CELL2:CLPControl commands.

Cell 2 OCNS Level CALL:CELL2:OCNSource The Cell 2 F-OCNS/OCNS level is a calculated value and can only be queried.

The F-OCNS value is calculated to provide a summing value that results in a total code channel value equalling 100% of cell 2 power.

CALL:STATus Queries current level and states of Cell 2 Power, Cell 2 F-Pilot code channel, Cell 2 F-FCH/Traffic code channel and Cell 2 OCNS. Queries soft/softer handoff state.

Table 21. GPIB Commands for Setting/Querying Cell 2 Parameters

Parameters Command Purpose

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Configuring Soft Handoff ParametersLast updated: June 24, 2003

This section is only applicable to the lab application.

The soft handoff functionality is accessible through the Soft Handoff Information screen by pressing the Soft Handoff Info (F1 on the Call Control 2 of 3 menu) when the Operating Mode is Active Cell.

The Generated Pilot Level Information (see “Generated Pilot Level Information” ) and Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ) tables are displayed on the Soft Handoff Information screen, which can assist you to verify the mobile station soft/softer handoff behavior (see “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” ).

Soft Handoff Parameters

The test set provides controls for soft/softer handoff related with System Parameters Message fields. These fields are: T_Add, T_Comp, T_Drop, T_TDrop, Soft_Slope, Add_Intercept and Drop_Intercept. The following soft handoff parameters are settable when the Soft Handoff Parameters (F2 on the Soft Info menu) is pressed. For the detailed front panel operation, see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” on page 72.

NOTE There are slight differences between these parameter names when the System Type is changed between IS-2000 and IS-95. The commands, however, are the same for either system type.

• Handoff Type: CALL:SETup:SHANdoff:TYPe.

• Cell 1 F-Pilot Level (Channel 1 Pilot Ec/Ior in the standard): CALL[:CELL[1]]:PILOT[:SLEVel][:SELected].

• Cell 1 F-FCH/Traffic Level (Channel 1 Traffic Ec/Ior in the standard): CALL[:CELL[1]]:FCHannel[:SLEVel][:SELected].

• Cell 2 F-Pilot Level (Channel 2 Pilot Ec/Ior in the standard): CALL:CELL2:PILOT:LEVel[:SELected].

• Cell 2 F-FCH/Traffic Level (Channel 2 Pilot Ec/Ior in the standard): CALL:CELL2:FCHannel:LEVel[:SELected].

• T_Add: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:TADD.

• T_Drop: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:TDRop.

• T_Comp: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:TCOMp.

• T_TDrop: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:TTDRop.

• Soft_Slope: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:SOFT[:SLOPe].

• Add_Intercept: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:ADD[:INTercept]

• Drop_Intercept: CALL[:CELL[1]]:SPARameter:DROP[:INTercept]

• Cell 2 Delay (relative to Cell 1, in the unit of microsecond): CALL:CELL2:DELay]

• Clear Mobile Pilot Report: CALL:MS:REPorted:PILot:STRength:REPort:CLEar

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Enabling Soft Handoff

After establishing a call between the test set’s cell 1 and the mobile station, configuring cell 2 (power, PN offset, code channel level, etc., see “Configuring Cell 2 Used for Soft/Softer Handoff” on page 61), and setting the Soft Handoff parameters (soft handoff type, cell 2 delay, etc., see “Soft Handoff Parameters” ) as desired, you may turn soft handoff state on (see “D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff” on page 74 and CALL:SETup:SHANdoff:ENABle) to initiate the soft handoff. This causes the test set to send a Handoff Direction Message to the mobile station and the mobile station will try to demodulate the signal from cell 2.

Once you turn the soft handoff on, the current selected soft handoff type (either Soft or Softer) is displayed at the bottom of the “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” table. You can also query the current soft/softer handoff state with CALL:STATus:SHANdoff?.

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Generated Pilot Level Information

Generated Pilot Level InformationThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The Generated Pilot Level Information table on the upper part of the Soft Handoff Information screen shows the current settings of Cell 1and Cell 2, which include the cell power, pilot power, PN Offset, and Pilot Strength for each cell. This is the actual signal being output to the mobile station. See “Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters” to access the Generated Pilot Level Information table.

The Generated Pilot Level Information table can assist you to verify the correct MS pilot reporting behavior (see “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” ). For example, if the Generated Pilot Level Information table indicates that the Cell 2 Delta Power is stronger than T_Add (28 is the default value) multiplied by -0.5 dB, and the mobile station has not sent a Pilot Strength Measurement Message, a failure condition may exist with the mobile station. Send the pilot measurement request (see “F. Send Pilot Meas Request” ) and check the mobile reported Pilot Strength for Cell 2.

Description

The following information are displayed on the Generated Pilot Level Information table:

Total RF Power

The total RF power (Io) is the sum of Cell 1 Power (Îor), Cell 2 Power (Îor)and AWGN Power (Ioc). The Cell 1 Power (dBm/1.23 MHz), Cell 2 Power (dBm/1.23 MHz) and AWGN Power (dBm/1.23 MHz) are directly settable from the test set.

Pilot Power

The Cell 1/2 Pilot Power (dBm/1.23 MHz) is the sum of the Cell 1 Power (Îor) and Cell 1/2 F-Pilot Level (Pilot Ec/Ior). The Cell 1/2 Power (dBm/1.23 MHz) and Cell 1/2 F-Pilot Level (dB) (see “Configuring Soft Handoff Parameters” ) are directly settable from the test set. The Cell 1/2 Pilot Power is to facilitate to calculate the “Pilot Delta Power” .

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Pilot Delta Power

The Cell 1/2 Pilot Delta Power (dB) is the Cell 1/2 pilot level relative to the total RF power. It is equivalent to the Pilot Ec/Io in the standard defined as the ratio of the combined pilot energy per PN chip to the total received power spectral density at the mobile station, including noise and other signals.

The Cell 1/2 Pilot Delta Power is not directly settable and calculated by subtracting the “Pilot Power” from the “Total RF Power” . See “Total RF Power, Delta Power and Pilot Strength Calculation” for details.

The Cell 1 Pilot Delta Power can be queried with the CALL:STATus:PILot[:CELL[1]][:LEVel]:RTTotal[:SELected]? and the Cell 2 Pilot Delta Power can be queried with the CALL:STATus:PILot:CELL2[:LEVel]:RTTotal[:SELected]?.

Pilot Strength

The Pilot Strength values is the value of “Pilot Delta Power” divided by -0.5 dB and rounded off to the nearest integer value. The test set converting the Pilot Delta Power to the Pilot Strength is to facilitate you to verify the correct mobile station pilot reporting behavior, which the mobile station reports pilot strength in units of -0.5 dB. These values should correspond to Pilot Strength values the mobile station reports in the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ).

The Cell 1 Pilot Strength can be queried with the CALL:STATus:PILot[:CELL[1]]:STRength[:SELected]?and the Cell 2 Pilot Strength can be queried with the CALL:STATus:PILot:CELL2:STRength[:SELected]?.

PN Offset

The PN Offset uniquely identifies each base station. The PN Offset values displayed in the Generated Power Level Information table can assist you to verify the correct mobile station reported PN Offset values in the “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” . The PN Offset values reported by the mobile station in the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table should correspond to these values.

The Cell 1/2 PN Offset can be changed either from the front panel or with CALL[:CELL]:PNOFfest and CALL:CELL2:PNOFfset.

Settings That Effect the Generated Pilot Level Information Display

The following table is an example settings as specified in the standard. It also shows how to set on the test set to achieve the specified values. The Ioc, Traffic Ec/Ior, and Pilot Ec/Ior are all directly settable on the test set. For Ior/Ioc, which is the ratio of cell power to AWGN, you need to adjust Cell 1 Power (for Channel 1) and Cell 2 Power (for Channel 2) to achieve the correct levels relative to AWGN. Delta Power is then used to verify that all parameters are set correctly.

Table 22. Test Parameters for Candidate Set Pilot Detection

Parameter in Standard

Channel 1 Channel 2 Equivalent Test Set Settings

Ior/Ioc (dB) -3.1 -0.1 Set Cell 1 Power to -58.1 (AWGN Power + Ior/Ioc)

Set Cell 2 Power to -55.1 (AWGN Power + Ior/Ioc)

Pilot Ec/Ior (dB) -7 -7 Set Cell 1 Pilot Level to -7 dB

Set Cell 2 Pilot Level to -7 dB

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Total RF Power, Delta Power and Pilot Strength Calculation

• Cell 1 Power = -58.3 dBm/1.23 MHz (equivalent to 1.5488 E-6 mw)

• Cell 2 Power = -55.1 dBm/1.23 MHz (equivalent to 3.0903 E-6 mw)

• AWGN Power = -55 dBm/1.23 MHz (equivalent to 3.1623 E-6 mw)

• Total RF Power = Cell 1 Power + Cell 2 Power + AWGN Power = 7.8014 E-6 mw (equivalent to -51.08 dBm/1.23 MHz)

• Channel 1 Pilot Power = Cell 1 Power + Cell 1 Pilot Level = -58.1 + (-7) = -65.1 dBm/1.23 MHz

• Channel 2 Pilot Power = Cell 2 Power + Cell 2 Pilot Level = -55.1 + (-7) = -62.1 dBm/1.23 MHz

• Cell 1 Pilot Delta Power = Cell 1 Pilot Power - Total RF Power = -65.1 - (-51.08) = -14.02 dB

• Cell 2 Pilot Delta Power = Cell 2 Pilot Power - Total RF Power = -62.1 - (-51.02) = -11.02 dB

• Cell 1 Pilot Strength = Cell 1 Pilot Delta Power / (-0.5) = (-14.02)/ (-0.5) = ~ 28

• Cell 2 Pilot Strength = Cell 2 Pilot Delta Power / (-0.5) = (-11.02)/ (-0.5) = ~ 22

Traffic Ec/Ior (dB) -7 N/A Set Cell 1 Traffic Level to -7 dB

Set Cell 2 Traffic Level to the default (it does not matter)

Ioc (dBm/1.23 MHz)

-55 Set AWGN Power to -55.

Pilot Ec/Io (dB) -14 -11 Delta Power (calculated and displayed on the Generated Pilot Level Information)

Table 22. Test Parameters for Candidate Set Pilot Detection

Parameter in Standard

Channel 1 Channel 2 Equivalent Test Set Settings

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Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information

Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level InformationThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

The Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table on the upper part of the Soft Handoff Information screen shows the information the mobile sends to the test set in the Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to assist in the soft handoff.

When a connection is established between the test set and the mobile station, the mobile station reports the measured pilot level information to the test set by the PSMM. The PSMM contains a pilot strength record for each pilot from which the timing reference is derived. Each pilot strength record consists of three fields: the PILOT_PN_PHASE parameter (PN Offset * 64), the PILOT_STRENGTH field, and the KEEP field.

When the PSMM is received by the test set, the PSMM contents are displayed in the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table for up to three pilot channels (up to six pilot channels can be retrieved using the CALL:MS:REPorted:PILot:STRength command.

Description

The following information are displayed on the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table:

• PN Status: It shows Cell 1 and Cell 2 pilots' current “Pilot Sets” status (Active or Candidate) or the transition status from one set to another set (To Add or To Drop). See “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” for details.

• Keep Status: It corresponds to the KEEP field in the PSMM. The mobile shall set this bit to 0 if the handoff drop timer (specified by T_TDrop, see “Soft Handoff Parameters” ) has expired; otherwise the bit shall be set to 1.

• PN Phase: It corresponds to the PILOT_PN_PHASE field in the PSMM. Since the mobile station derives its time reference from Cell 1 of the test set, the Cell 1 PN Phase is equal to 64 x Cell 1 PN Offset. The test set allows you to set Cell 2 Delay (relative to Cell 1) from 0 to 16 chips (see “Soft Handoff Parameters” ), the Cell 2 PN Phase should be equal to (Cell 2 Delay + 64 x Cell 2 PN Offset).For example, if the Cell 1 Pilot PN Offset is 15, the Cell 1 Pilot PN Phase will be (15x64 = 960) PN chips. If

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the Cell 2 Pilot PN Offset is 28 and the Cell 2 Delay is set to 12.21 us (15 chips), the Cell 2 PN Phase will be (28 x 64 + 15 = 1807) PN chips.

• Pilot Strength: It corresponds to the PILOT_STRENGTH field in the PSMM. The mobile station searcher is used to compute the strength of a received pilot by measuring the ratio of the pilot energy per chip (Ec) to the total received spectral density (Io) (noise and signals) at the current CDMA frequency. The mobile station reports pilot strength in units of -0.5 dB. These values should correspond to values that the base station reports in the “Generated Pilot Level Information” table.

• PN Offset: It is an offset index of the timing of the cell’s short codes relative to system time and uniquely identify each simulated cell site to the mobile station (0 through 511 inclusive). These values should correspond to values the base station reports in the “Generated Pilot Level Information” table.

• Pilot Strength Request Time Stamp: It reports the time that the last Pilot Measurement Request Order (PMRO) was sent from the test set to the mobile station by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key.

• Pilot Strength Report Time Stamp: It reports the time that the last Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) was received at the test set from the mobile station.

• Handoff Status: It indicates the current soft handoff state. The possible results are Soft, Softer or None. The 'Soft' is displayed when a call is connected and the mobile is in soft handoff (Handoff Type is set to Soft and Soft Handoff is set to On). The 'Softer' is displayed when a call is connected and the mobile is in softer handoff (Handoff Type is set to Softer and Soft Handoff is set to On). Otherwise, 'None' is displayed. See “Enabling Soft Handoff” .

Updating the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information

There are two methods to cause the mobile station to send the PSMM for updating the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table:

• One method is the mobile station will autonomously send a PSMM to the test set when it detects that a pilot has crossed certain power level thresholds. See “Verifying MS Pilot Reporting Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff” .

• Another method is the test set sends a request to the mobile station through Pilot Measurement Request Order (PMRO). When the mobile station receives a PMRO it responds with a PSMM. A PMRO (Pilot Measurement Request Order) is sent to the mobile station by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key (See “F. Send Pilot Meas Request” or &$//�06�5(3RUWHG�3,/RW�675HQJWK�5(4XHVW>�,00HGLDWH or as a side-effect of any signaling that effects the mobile station’s active set of pilots. This would include turning soft handoff on or off, changing the soft handoff type (soft or softer), or bringing up a call.

When a PMRO is sent to the mobile station by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key, the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table is cleared and the Pilot Strength Request Time Stamp is updated. When the PSMM is received by the test set, the Pilot Strength Report Time Stamp is updated and the new PSMM results are displayed.

You can clear the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table using CALL:MS:REPorted:PILot:STRength:REPort:CLEar command. See “E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report” for front panel operation.

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NOTE A call must be connected (Active Cell, Connected state) before the test set displays the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key.

NOTE The test set does not send any handoff messages (Extended Handoff Direction Message, Universal Handoff Direction Message or General Handoff Direction Message) in response to the mobile station’s PSMM.

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General Procedures for Soft/Softer Handoff Tests

General Procedures for Soft/Softer Handoff TestsThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

A. Establish a call.

1. Connect the mobile station to the Test Set.

2. Make a call.

B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters


2. Press the More key on the left side of the display until 2 of 3 is displayed.

3. Press the Soft Handoff Info (F1) key to display the Generated Pilot Level Information and Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information tables. See “Generated Pilot Level Information” and “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” .

4. Press the Soft Handoff Parameters (F2) key (see “Soft Handoff Parameters” ), set the parameters as needed. For example, Handoff Type (Soft or Softer), Cell 1 and Cell 2 Pilot Level, etc. To display more Soft

3

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Handoff Parameters (such as Cell 2 Delay, etc.), turn the knob

NOTE The F-Pilot Level field is corresponding to the Pilot Ec/Ior parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the F-FCH/Traffic Level field corresponding to the Traffic Ec/Ior parameter.

Cell 2 Delay is relative to cell 1. It is set in units of microseconds (us), with a maximum of 13.02 microseconds (16 PN chips). It defaults to 12.21 us (15 chips).

5. Press the Close Menu (F6) key.

C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power

NOTE The Cell Power field is corresponding to the Îor parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the AWGN Power field corresponding to the Ioc parameter.

1. Press the Cell 2 Power (F1) key and enter a desired value (for example, -55 dBm/1.23 MHz). The Cell 2 pilot information is displayed in the Generated Pilot Level Information table (see “Generated Pilot Level Information” ).

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2. Press the AWGN Power (F3) key and enter a desired value (in this example, set to Off).

D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff

1. Press the Soft Handoff (F4) key and select On from the table.

The Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table (see “Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information” ) should now show Cell 2, identified by a pilot PN offset of 36 in this example, as an Active pilot.

1

2

1

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E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report

1. Press the Soft Handoff Parameters (F2) key.

2. Scroll down the list of parameters. Highlight and select Clear Mobile Pilot Report.

3. Highlight Yes in the Clear Now? menu and press the knob.

Cell 2 is Active

1

2

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4. Press the Close Menu (F6) key.

F. Send Pilot Meas Request

1. Press the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key.

NOTE A call must be connected (Active Cell, Connected state) before the test set will display the Send Pilot Meas Request softkey.

1

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How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Add?

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Add?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

With this test setup, the mobile station is expected to send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station when the Cell 2 Pilot Strength crosses the T_ADD threshold (28 is the default, indicates -14 dB relative to the total RF power) and the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) is flagged as a “Candidate” (see “T_Add Behavior” for description).

1. Establish a call (see “A. Establish a call.” ) with the Cell 1 Power set to -55 dBm/1.23 MHz.

2. Set the Soft Handoff Parameters to the defaults (see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” ) and make sure the Soft Handoff (F4) is Off.

NOTE The F-Pilot Level field corresponds to the Pilot Ec/Ior parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the F-FCH/Traffic Level field corresponds to the Traffic Ec/Ior parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard.

3. Clear the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table (see “E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report” ).

4. Set the Cell 2 Power (F1) to -65 dBm/1.23 MHz and set the AWGN Power (F3) to Off (see “C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power” ). This results in the Cell 2 Pilot Strength (35, -17.5dB) below T_Add (28, -14dB). No Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) is expected to send from the mobile station.

NOTE The Cell Power field is corresponding to the Îor parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the AWGN Power field corresponding to the Ioc parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard.

5. Press the Cell 2 Power (F1), slowly turn the knob until it is set to -60 dBm/1.23 MHz. This causes the Cell

Cell 2 Pilot Strength = 35 (17.41 dB below total RF power) below T_Add = 28 (14 dB below total RF power)

No report.

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How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Add?

2 Pilot Strength (26, -13 dB) to above the T_ADD (28, -14 dB) threshold for soft handoff.

6. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. The mobile station should have sent a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station since the Cell 2 Pilot Strength crosses the T_ADD threshold. The test set flags the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) as a “Candidate” when the reported Pilot Strength crosses T_ADD.

If the Generated Pilot Level Information display, which shows the actual pilot strength and PN offset transmitted by the test set, indicates that the Cell 2 Pilot Strength crosses T_Add threshold (28, -14 dB) and the mobile station has not sent a PSMM, a failure condition may exist with the mobile station. Send the pilot measurement request by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key (see “F. Send Pilot Meas Request” ) and compare the mobile reported pilot information to the actual information in the Generated Pilot Level Information display.

Cell 2 Pilot Strength = 26 (13 dB below total RF power) exceeds T_Add = 28 (14 dB below total RF power)

Mobile reports Cell 2 Pilot Strength exceeds T_Add threshold.

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How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Comp?

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Comp?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

With this test setup, the mobile station is expected to send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station when the Cell 2 Pilot Strength exceeds the T_Comp (5 is the default value) threshold and the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) is flagged as “To Add” (see “T_Comp Behavior” for description). The Cell 2 pilot is added to the Active set of pilots when the soft handoff is initiated.




3. Clear the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information display (see “E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report” ).

4. Set the Cell 2 Power (F1) to -60 dBm/1.23 MHz and set the AWGN Power (F3) to Off (see “C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power” ). This causes the Cell 2 Pilot Strength (26, -13 dB) to above the T_ADD (28, -14 dB) threshold. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. The Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) should be flagged as a “Candidate” since the reported Pilot Strength crosses T_ADD.


5. Press the Cell 2 Power (F1), slowly turn the knob until it is set to -52 dBm/1.23 MHz. This causes the Cell

Cell 2 Pilot Strength = 26 (13 dB below total RF power) exceeds T_Add = 28 (14 dB below total RF power)

Mobile reports Cell 2 Pilot Strength exceeds T_Add threshold.

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2 pilot level to exceed the T_COMP threshold.

6. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. The mobile station should have sent a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station since the Cell 2 Pilot Strength is stronger than Cell 1 Pilot Strength (24, -12 dB) by more than T_Comp (5). The test set flags the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) as “To Add” when the reported Pilot Strength crosses T_Comp threshold.

If the Generated Pilot Level Information display, which shows the actual pilot strength and PN offset transmitted by the test set, indicates that the Cell 2 Pilot Strength is stronger than Cell 1 Pilot Strength by at least T_Comp (5 indicating 2.5 dB), and the mobile station has not sent a Pilot Strength Measurement Message, a failure condition may exist with the mobile station. Send the pilot measurement request by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key (see “F. Send Pilot Meas Request” ) and compare the mobile reported pilot information to the actual information in the Generated Pilot Level Information display.

7. At this point a soft handoff should be established with Cell 2. Press the Soft Handoff (F4) key and set the Soft Handoff State to On.

8. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 pilots should be Active and current Handoff Status is Soft. This indicates that a soft handoff has been established with Cell 2 and Cell 1 as active set pilot and traffic channels.

Cell 2 Pilot isstronger thanCell 1 Pilot byT_Comp = 6

Mobile reportsCell 2 Pilot isstronger than Cell 1 Pilot by5 (2.5 dB)

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How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Drop/T_TDrop?

How Do I Make Soft/Softer Handoff Tests Regarding T_Drop/T_TDrop?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

With this test setup, the mobile station is expected to send a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station when the Cell 2 Pilot Strength falls below the T_Drop threshold (32 is the default, indicating - 16 dB relative to the total RF power) for the period of time specified by T_TDrop (3 is the default, indicating 4 seconds), and the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) is flagged as a “To Drop” (see “T_Drop/T_TDrop Behavior” for description). The Cell 2 pilot is removed from the Active set of pilots when the soft handoff is ended.




3. Clear the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information display (see “E. Clear Mobile Pilot Report” ).

4. Set the Cell 2 Power (F1) to -52 dBm/1.23 MHz and set the AWGN Power (F3) to Off (see “C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power” ). This causes the Cell 2 pilot level to exceed the T_COMP threshold.


5. Press the Soft Handoff (F4) key and set the Soft Handoff State to On.

6. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 pilots should be Active and current Handoff Status is Soft. This indicates that a soft handoff has been established with Cell 2 and Cell 1 as active set pilot and traffic channels.

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7. Press the Cell 2 Power (F1), slowly turn the knob until it decreases to -66 dBm/1.23 MHz (in this example). This causes the Cell 2 pilot level to below the T_Drop threshold.

8. Wait 5 seconds. Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. The mobile station should have sent a Pilot Strength Measurement Message (PSMM) to the base station since the Cell 2 Pilot Strength falls below the T_Drop threshold for the period of time specified by T_TDrop. The test set flags the Cell 2 pilot (Pilot Offset 36) as a “To Drop” when the reported Pilot Strength is below T_Drop.

If the Generated Pilot Level Information display, which shows the actual pilot strength and PN offset transmitted by the test set, indicates that the Cell 2 Pilot Strength falls below T_Drop threshold (32, -16 dB) and the mobile station has not sent a PSMM, a failure condition may exist with the mobile station. Send the pilot measurement request by pressing the Send Pilot Meas Request (F5) key (see “F. Send Pilot Meas Request” ) and compare the mobile reported pilot information to the actual information in the Generated Pilot Level Information display.

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9. End the soft handoff. Press the Soft Handoff (F4) key and set the Soft Handoff State to Off.

10.Observe the Mobile Station Reported Level Information display. The Cell 2 pilots should be removed from the display and current Handoff Status is None. This indicates that a soft handoff has ended and the connection only with Cell 1 as active set pilot and traffic channel.

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How Do I Test Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff?

How Do I Test Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoff?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

When the mobile station is in a soft or softer handoff, there are two power control subchannels affecting closed loop power control. The difference between the soft and softer handoff types consists of messaging that the test set sends to the mobile station regarding closed loop power control subchannel bit (see “Verifying Mobile Station (MS) Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC) Behavior in Soft/Softer Handoffs” ).

Testing the mobile station’s ability to respond correctly to more than one power control subchannel is shown by the following two examples.

• “Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Soft Handoff”

• “Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Softer Handoff”

Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Soft Handoff

With this test setup, the mobile station is expected to perform an “or of down” logic function on the closed loop power control bits (the mobile station increases its power level if and only if the power control bits from both cells are indicating up).


2. Set the Soft Handoff Parameters (T_Add, T_Comp, T_Drop, etc.) to the defaults (see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” ) (Handoff Type is Soft )and make sure the Soft Handoff (F4) state is Off.

NOTE The F-Pilot Level field corresponds to the Pilot Ec/Ior parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the F-FCH/Traffic Level field corresponds to the Traffic Ec/Ior parameter.


4. Set the Cell 2 Power (F1) to -50 dBm/1.23 MHz and set the AWGN Power (F3) to Off (see “C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power” ).

NOTE The Cell Power field corresponds to the Îor parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the AWGN Power field corresponds to the Ioc parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard.

5. Observe the Delta Power results in the Generated Pilot Level Information table, and the PN Status and Handoff Status in the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table.

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6. Set the Soft Handoff (F4) to On (see “D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff” ). Observe the changes on the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table, the Handoff Status should indicate Soft and the PN Status of Cell 1 and Cell 2 should indicate Active.

NOTE Selecting Soft in the Handoff Type causes the PWR_COMB_IND bit in the Handoff Direction Message to be set to a '0' and the Handoff Direction Message is sent to the mobile station when the Soft Handoff (F4) is set to On.

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7. Select Channel Power measurement by pressing the Measurement Selection key and observe the measurement results.

8. Press the More key on the right side of the screen until 2 of 3 is displayed.

9. Change the Cell 1 and Cell 2 closed loop power control mode and observe the Channel Power measurement results:

• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to All Down bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to Active bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to decrease, observe the Channel Power measurement results.

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• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to All Up bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to All Up bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to increase, observe the Channel Power measurement result.

• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to Active bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to All Down bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to decrease, observe the Channel Power measurement results.

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Verifying MS CLPC Behavior in Softer Handoff

With this test setup, the mobile station is expected to perform diversity combining of power control bits (ignore the weaker bits). In this example, since the Cell 2 power is stronger than Cell 1 power, the mobile station should follow the Cell 2 Closed Loop Power Control.


2. Press the Soft Handoff Parameters (F2) key, set the Handoff Type to Softer (see “B. Set Up Soft/Softer Handoff Parameters” ).


4. Set the Cell 2 Power (F1) to -50 dBm/1.23 MHz and set the AWGN Power (F3) to Off (see “C. Set the Cell 2 Power and AWGN Power” ).

NOTE The Cell Power field corresponds to the Îor parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard and the AWGN Power field corresponds to the Ioc parameter in the TIA/EIA-98E standard.

5. Observe the Delta Power results in the Generated Pilot Level Information table, and the PN Status and Handoff Status in the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table.

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6. Set the Soft Handoff (F4) to On (see “D. Initiate the Soft or Softer Handoff” ). Observe the changes on the Mobile Station Reported Pilot Level Information table, the Handoff Status should indicate Softer and the PN Status of Cell 1 and Cell 2 should indicate Active.

NOTE Selecting Softer in the Handoff Type causes the PWR_COMB_IND bit in the Handoff Direction Message to be set to a '1' and the Handoff Direction Message is sent to the mobile station when the Soft Handoff (F4) is set to On.

7. Select Channel Power measurement by pressing the Measurement Selection key and observe the measurement results.

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8. Press the More key on the right side of the screen until 2 of 3 is displayed.

9. Change the Cell 1 and Cell 2 closed loop power control mode and observe the Channel Power measurement results:

• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to All Down bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to Active bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to maintained at the expected power level, observe the Channel Power measurement results.

• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to Active bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to All Down bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to decrease, observe the Channel Power measurement result.

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• Set Cell 1 Rvs CLPC (F7) to Active bits and set Cell 2 Rvs CLPC (F8) to All Up bits. The mobile station’s output power is expected to increase, observe the Channel Power measurement results.

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Graphic Access Probe Power Measurement

Graphic Access Probe Power Measurement

Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Description

Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement DescriptionThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

• “How is a Graphical Access Probe Power measurement made?”

• “Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Parameters”

• “Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Results”

• “Input Signal Requirements”

• “Key TIA/EIA-98-E Tests Using the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement”

• “Calibrating the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement”

How is a Graphical Access Probe Power measurement made?

The graphical access probe power measurement consists of a series of up to 60 channel power measurements, each triggered by a rise in RF power detected on the test set’s RF input. The measurement trigger threshold is approximately -45 dBm/1.23 MHz.

Access probe sequences are transmitted by the mobile station during registrations or mobile station originated calls. Access probe sequences consist of a series of RF power “steps” which increase in power according to the step size setting until the maximum number of steps is reached or the call processing event completes, for example when the call connects.

Each graphical access probe power measurement cycle is initiated by a GPIB INIT command or by pressing the START SINGLE key. During a measurement cycle the following events can trigger access probe power measurements:

• Registrations (including power-up and timer based)

• Mobile station originated calls (pressing the SEND key on the mobile station)

• Test Set originated calls (pressing the Originate Call key on the test set).

When a graphical access probe power measurement is initiated, the test set calculates the number of access probes expected from parameters set up in the Graphical Access Probe Power Setup menu (see “Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Parameters” ) assuming that Call Limit Mode is turned on (see “C. Turn Call Limit On.” ). Pressing the MEASUREMENT RESET key will clear the display.

Considerations when making Graphical Access Probe Power measurements

NOTE Graphical access probe power measurements do not run concurrently with any other measurements. If any measurement(s) are open when graphical access probe power is opened, they will automatically be closed.

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IMPORTANT When a call is originated from the test set, and call limit is on, the call processing state of the test set remains in a non-idle state (usually Access Probe or Registering) after the graphical access probe measurement has completed. Before attempting the next measurement, the End Call (F3) key must be pressed or a GPIB command to end the origination must be sent before attempting the next measurement.

Changing the number of steps and step size will affect the power level displayed if more than one access probe is transmitted by the mobile station. However, the number of access probes transmitted depends on whether or not the test set responds by acknowledging the access request, thereby ending the access attempt. To view the full access probe sequence, you must prevent the test set from responding to the mobile station access probe request by turning the Call Limit Mode on (key F10 in Call Parms, 2 of 3 screen). For the GPIB command syntax.

NOTE It is recommended that you always turn the Call Limit Mode on when measuring access probe power. The easiest way to induce access probes from the mobile station is to page the mobile station. If you do not have call limit mode set to on, the call connection will complete, which clears the access probe power result from the measurement screen. Set call limit mode back to off when you have finished measuring access probe power.

When the mobile station performs any type of registration, an access probe power measurement will likely be triggered. Registrations can occur on mobile station power-up, depending on how the mobile station is programmed. Registrations may be requested by the test set at pre-determined time intervals, which will periodically cause the access probe power measurement to update. To control timer based registrations, access the Registration Parameters menu. For GPIB syntax information on timer-based registrations.

NOTE It is recommended that you always turn the Timer Based Registration State off when measuring access probe power since the registration events can trigger access probe power measurements to update during a measurement cycle.

Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Parameters

The access probe measurement setup menu provides control over the following access probe parameters:

• Nominal Power (NOM_PWR in the standards): an offset to the mobile station open loop power estimate to accommodate maximum transmit power of the cell. This parameter affects the initial access probe power level by introducing correction factors to the open loop estimate calculated by the mobile station.

• Nominal Power Extended (NOM_PWR_EXT in the standards, for IS-95 system): an offset to the mobile station open loop power estimate to accommodate maximum transmit power of the cell. This parameter affects the initial access probe power level by introducing correction factors to the open loop estimate calculated by the mobile station.

• Initial Power (INIT_PWR in the standards): an offset to the mobile station open loop power estimate for the first access probe in the access probe sequence. This parameter affects the initial access probe power level by introducing correction factors to the open loop estimate calculated by the mobile station.

• Power Step (PWR_STEP in the standards). This parameter specifies the step increase in mobile station transmit power between each access probe within an access probe sequence.

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• Number of Steps (NUM_STEP in the standards): This parameter specifies the number of steps in one access probe sequence.

• Maximum Response Sequence (MAX_RESP_SEQ in the standards). This parameter specifies the maximum number of access probe sequences for an access channel request.

• Preamble Size (PAM_SZ in the standards).

• Measurement Timeout - (see Timeouts). The access probe power measurement will remain armed indefinitely until the maximum number of access probes is received, unless the measurement timeout is On or the measurement is reset.

Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Results

Each measurement is displayed in both a tabular and a bar graph format. See “Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Display” .

Figure 8. Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement Display

Graphical Display

The graphical display shows an access probe power bar graph covering a time span of up to 120 seconds from the first access probe. Access probe power is displayed using yellow bars on the graph and the graph can display up to 60 access probes, labeled 0 through 59. Power levels are displayed in units of dBm/1.23 MHz.

MeasurementProgressIndicator

Graphical Display

Tabular Display

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NOTE The number of access probes equals Number of Steps plus 1. For example, when Number of Steps is set to 3, the display shows 4 yellow bars in one access probe sequence.

NOTE If the absolute power level of an access probe falls below the range of the graph, the value will cause the bar to be invisible (it will clip). The correct value for the absolute power level will be displayed in the table at the bottom of the display.

The graphical display is accessed by the Graph Control softkey (see “G. Set Up the Graphical View” ). The F5 Graph Span softkey is used to adjust the view window. The view window can be adjusted to include a view of the entire 120 second range, or reduced to include only the access probes or access probe sequences of particular interest. If Graph Span is set to display only a portion of the 120 second time period, the F3 Graph Start Time field can be used to move the Graph Span window.

Two markers are available on the graphical display:

• Position Marker. The Position Marker can be moved when the F1 Marker Mode is set to Position. This selection is made automatically if the F2 Marker Position field is adjusted. When Marker Mode is set to position, the position marker can be positioned at each access probe power measurement across the current span of the graph. Measurement results that correspond with the Position Marker are displayed above the graph (the two values to the right of the “Mkr” annunciator) and become highlighted in the table whenever the Marker Mode is not turned off.

• Delta Marker.The Delta Marker is available when the F1 Marker Mode is set to Delta. This selection will toggle the F2 softkey label to Marker Delta. When the Marker Delta field is adjusted the delta between the Position Marker and the Delta Marker can be easily observed. Measurement results that correspond with the Position Marker and the Delta Marker are displayed above the graph (the two values to the right of the “Mkr” and Delta annunciators, respectively) and become highlighted in the table whenever the Marker Mode is set to Delta.

Tabular Display

A table below the graphical display lists the following measurement results for up to 60 access probes:

• An access probe number indexed to each marker position.

• The absolute power of each access probe measurement in units of dBm/1.23 MHz.

• The delta power between adjacent access probes.

• The time that each access probe arrived relative to the first access probe.

The table has the capacity to display 20 access probes. To scroll through the table adjust the Position or Delta Marker position field.

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Measurement Progress Indicator

A measurement progress indicator in the lower left portion of the display continually updates the ratio of access probes received to the number of access probes expected. Each access probe power measurement cycle ends when the expected number of access probes have been received, the measurement times out, or the measurement is aborted or reset.

NOTE If there is a measurement problem associated with an access probe, a non-zero integrity indicator will be displayed below the table and the access probe’s power measurement will appear in reverse video (black text on a white background).

Input Signal Requirements

The graphical access probe power measurement meets or exceeds specifications when the following input signal requirements are met:

• The frequency of the signal being measured must be within the range of 412 MHz to 483 MHz, 800 MHz to 960 MHz, or 1.7 GHz to 2.0 GHz, and be within 100 kHz of the expected frequency.

• The average power level of the signal at the RF IN/OUT connector must be between -61 dBm to +37 dBm. The test set can autorange to a signal that is within +/- 9 dB of the expected input level.

Key TIA/EIA-98-E Tests Using the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement

• Same as Access Probe Power Measurement Description

Calibrating the Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement

The graphical access probe power measurement is automatically calibrated during a channel power calibration. Follow the channel power calibration schedule and the graphical access probe power measurement will be properly calibrated. Refer to Calibrating the Test Set for a description of channel power calibration.

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Programming a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement

Programming a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement This section is only applicable to the lab application.

This section provides an example of how to make graphical access probe power measurements via GPIB.

The following program example assumes that the mobile station’s antenna output is connected to the RF IN/OUT connector, and the mobile station has found service.

The basic procedure to measure access probe power remotely is:

1. Turn the graphical access probe power measurement timeout timer on using the SETup:GAPPower command. If the timeout timer is not turned on, and an access probe is not received, the measurement will hang on the FETCh? command indefinitely.

2. Turn on the mobile station and perform a registration (wait for power-on or send CALL:REGister).

3. Turn call limit on.

4. Set up initial power, step size, number of steps, and the maximum number of access probes for requests and responses.

5. Turn off timer-based registrations.

6. Initiate the access probe power measurement using the INITiate<:measurement mnemonic>[:ON]. The <measurement mnemonic> for graphical access probe power measurements is GAPP.

7. Perform a page or mobile station originated call.

8. Monitor the measurement progress indicator.

9. Use the FETCh:GAPPower[:ALL]? command to obtain the measurement results.

Programming Example

10 RE-SAVE "c:\roadhog\programs\gapp.txt"20 !This program measures a graphical access probe power sequence30 !See "Access Probe Output Power" in TIA/EIA-98-D for specifications and standards40 A=71450 OUTPUT A;"*CLS"60 CLEAR SCREEN70 !***Specify call parameters***80 Systype$="DIGITAL2000"90 Band$="USPCS"100 Channel=525110 Sid=331120 Nid=1130 Radio_config$="F3R3"140 Service_opt$="SO2"150 !160 !***Specify test parameters***170 Loss_frequency$="836 MHZ,881 MHZ"180 Expected_loss$="-2,-2"190 Acc_prb_steps=8200 Acc_prb_size=1

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210 Max_resp_seq=1220 Ior=-55230 Pilot=-7240 Paging_ch=-12250 Sync=-16260 Traffic=-15.5270 !280 !***Set up bus and measurement timeouts***290 ON TIMEOUT 7,20 CALL Timeout300 OUTPUT A;"SETUP:GAPP:TIMEOUT:STIME 30 S"310 OUTPUT A;"SYST:COMM:GPIB:DEB:STAT ON"320 !330 !***Return test set to IDLE call processing state***340 OUTPUT A;"CALL:STATUS?"350 ENTER A;Call_status$360 IF Call_status$="IDLE" THEN GOTO 400370 OUTPUT 714;"CALL:END"380 WAIT 2390 !400 !***Set up path loss***410 OUTPUT A;"SYSTEM:CORRECTION:SFREQUENCY ";Loss_frequency$420 OUTPUT A;"SYSTEM:CORRECTION:SGAIN ";Expected_loss$430 !440 !***Set up access/paging parameters***450 OUTPUT A;"CALL:OPER:MODE CALL" !Active cell operating mode460 OUTPUT A;"CALL:BAND ";Band$470 OUTPUT A;"CALL:CHAN ";Channel480 OUTPUT A;"CALL:POW ";Ior490 OUTPUT A;"CALL:SID ";Sid500 OUTPUT A;"CALL:NID ";Nid510 OUTPUT A;"CALL:RCON ";Radio_config$520 OUTPUT A;"CALL:PROT PREV6"530 OUTPUT A;"CALL:PAG ";Paging_ch540 OUTPUT A;"CALL:PAG:DRAT FULL"550 OUTPUT A;"CALL:PIL ";Pilot560 OUTPUT A;"CALL:SYNC ";Sync570 OUTPUT A;"CALL:FCH ";Traffic580 !590 PRINT "Press continue when the mobile station has found service and registered"600 PAUSE610 CLEAR SCREEN620 !630 !***Turn call limit on***640 OUTPUT A;"CALL:CONNECTED:LIMIT 1"650 !660 !***Set up measurement parameters***670 OUTPUT A;"CALL:APARAMETER:POWER:STEP ";Acc_prb_size !Power Step680 OUTPUT A;"CALL:APARAMETER:POWER:STEP:COUNT ";Acc_prb_steps !Number of Steps690 OUTPUT A;"CALL:APARAMETER:SEQUENCE:RESPONSE ";Max_resp_seq !Maximum response700 !sequence710 !720 !***Turn off timer-based registrations***730 OUTPUT A;"CALL:REGISTER:TIMER:STATE OFF"

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740 PRINT "WAITING FOR REGISTRATIONS TO COMPLETE"750 WAIT 3751 CLEAR SCREEN760 !770 !***Initiate the Graphical Access Probe Power measurement***780 OUTPUT A;"INIT:GAPP"790 PRINT "GAPP MEASUREMENT INITIATED"800 !810 !***Page the mobile station***820 DISP "Paging mobile station..."830 OUTPUT A;"CALL:ORIG"840 DISP "Measuring Graphical Access Probe Power"850 !860 !***Check measurement progress indicator***870 Total_probes=(Acc_prb_steps+1)*Max_resp_seq880 PRINT "Total number of expected access probes = ";Total_probes890 LOOP900 OUTPUT A;"FETCH:GAPP:ICOUNT?"910 ENTER A;Prog_ind920 DISP "Received access probe ";Prog_ind;" of";Total_probes930 WAIT .25940 EXIT IF Prog_ind=Total_probes950 END LOOP960 !970 !***Query measurement results***980 DIM Access_probe(20)990 DIM Gapp_meas$[500]1000 OUTPUT A;"FETCH:GAPP?"1010 ENTER A;Gapp_meas$1020 Separator$="," !GAPP measurements are returned in a comma-separated string1030 First_acc_probe=POS(Gapp_meas$,Separator$) !Find the first comma, which separates1040 !the integrity indicator from the1050 !first access probe measurement1060 Integrity=VAL(Gapp_meas$[1;First_acc_probe-1]) !Convert the ascii integrity1070 !characters to a numeric value1080 PRINT "Integrity Indicator = ";Integrity1090 FOR I=1 TO Total_probes1100 Acc_probe_mkr=First_acc_probe+((I-1)*17) !Set up a marker that will jump1110 !to each comma in the ascii string1120 Access_probe(I)=VAL(Gapp_meas$[Acc_probe_mkr+1;Acc_probe_mkr+16]) !Convert1130 !ascii to a numeric value1140 PRINT "Access probe ";I-1;" measurement is ";Access_probe(I);" dBm/1.23 MHz"1150 NEXT I1160 DISP "Test complete"1170 !1180 !***Return to default call processing states***1190! OUTPUT A;"CALL:END"1200 !OUTPUT A;"CALL:CONNECTED:LIMIT 0"1210 !OUTPUT A;"CALL:REGISTER:TIMER:STATE ON"1220 END1230 !1240 Timeout: SUB Timeout1250 PRINT "Program timed out"

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1260 CLEAR 71270 CLEAR 7141280 SUBEND

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How Do I Perform a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement?

How Do I Perform a Graphical Access Probe Power Measurement?This section is only applicable to the lab application.

A. Register the Mobile Station.

1. Connect the mobile station to the test set’s front panel RF IN/OUT connector and power it on.

2. Wait for the mobile station to perform a power-up registration after it has found service. When a registration has completed, the Mobile Reported Information window will display the registration data received from the mobile station.

3. If the mobile station does not automatically registered, perform the procedures, but pressing the Register the mobile (F5) instead of the Originate Call (F3) key).

B. Turn Timer-Based Registration Off.


2. Press the More key on the left side of the display until 2 of 3 is displayed.

3. Press the Cell Info (F2) key.

4. Press the Registration Parameters (F4) key.

5. Select Off from the Timer Based Registration State menu.

C. Turn Call Limit On.

1. Press the More key on the right side of the display until 2 of 3 is displayed.

2. Press the Call Limit Mode (F11) key.

3. Select On from the Call Limit Mode menu.

2

3

4 5

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D. Set Up Access Probe Power Parameters.

1. Press the Measurement selection key.

2. Scroll down the menu and select Graphical Access Probe Power from the list.

3. Press the Graphical Access Probe Pwr Setup (F1) key.

4. Set up test parameters.

5. Press the Close Menu (F6) key

E. Arm the Measurement

1. Press the Start Single key.

F. Page the Mobile Station

1. Press the More key on the left side of the display until 2 of 2 is displayed

2. Press the Originate Call (F3) key to page the mobile station.

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1

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G. Set Up the Graphical View

1. Press the More key on the left side of the display until 1 of 2 is displayed

2. Press the Graph Control (F2) key.

3. Set up the Graph Start Time (F3) and Graph Span (F5)

Graph Span

Graph Start Time

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4. Set up the Marker Position (F2 key)

5. Press the Marker Mode (F1) key, select Delta. Then press the Marker Delta (F2) key and adjust the marker position.

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Graphical Access Probe Power Troubleshooting

Graphical Access Probe Power TroubleshootingThis section is only applicable to the lab application.

Possible Setup Issues

IMPORTANT If the Graphical Access Probe Power measurement is currently selected all other measurements are disabled.

The input signal must conform to “Input Signal Requirements” .

The graphical access probe power measurement becomes armed when the START SINGLE key is pressed or the INITiate GPIB command is sent. At that time, the test set calculates the number of expected access probes based on number of steps and maximum request or response sequence parameters.

If a registration occurs before a call is attempted, the measurement will disarm before the mobile station has finished sending access probes. This is because the test set does not distinguish between access probes occurring as a result of registrations, for example, and call attempts.

Graphical access probe power measurement results are affected by the Amplitude Offset value. Use the SYSTem:CORRection:GAIN command to determine offset values.

Graphical access probe power measurements are triggered by a rise in RF power that crosses approximately -55 dBm.

Clipping of Access Probes

The Graphical Access Probe Power measurement has a range of 15 dB. If the Power Step and Number of Steps are set up such that the mobile station transmits access probes greater than 15 dB from the first access probe, it will appear that the mobile station is transmitting a lower power level than expected.

To avoid this measurement inaccuracy, limit the Power Step and Number of Steps to yield no greater than 15 dB of change from the first (lowest power) access probe to the highest power access probe.

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Graphical Access Probe Power Troubleshooting

Interpreting Integrity Indicator values

If over range (5) is returned the input power has exceeded the test set’s internal sampler maximum value during some part of the sampling or the input power has exceeded the calibrated range of the test set’s power detector.

If under range (6) is returned the measurement result is below the expected input power level. Under range is also indicated if the input power is below the calibrated range of the test set’s power detector.

If the signal has both over range and under range conditions, only the over range (5) will be indicated.

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Documents

Agilent Technologies 8960 Series 10 Wireless ...application-notes.digchip.com/018/18-25077.pdf · S:\content repository\(01) E5515\E1962B TA, E6702A LA cdma2000\release archive\4.3\app_guide\chapters\cdma2000_appguide_titlepa