@SMOLLAMARCO

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

MARCO SMOLLA

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

WHAT ARE AGENT-BASED MODELS?

▸ “… simulate the simultaneous operations and interactions of multiple agents in an attempt to re-create and predict the appearance of complex phenomena.” (Wikipedia)

▸ Three central ideas to ABM:

▸ Agents (dynamically interacting rule-based objects)

▸ Emergence (rise of larger entities, patterns and regularities through interactions among smaller or simpler entities that themselves do not exhibit such properties)

▸ Complexity (interaction of individual parts in various ways …)

Ashcroft, Michor, Galla, 2015, Genetics

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

EXAMPLES

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

ABM INGREDIENTS

▸ Agents, interact with the world around them and/or with other agents

▸ World

▸ Rules, determines the context-dependent behaviour of an agent

▸ Loop (allows to repeatedly act or interact)

A SIMPLE EXAMPLE

PLAYING GAMES?

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

A SIMPLE EXAMPLE

▸ 2 agents with 1 out of 3 strategies and number of won rounds

▸ a function to choose strategies

▸ a function to let agents compete

▸ … loop it

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

A SIMPLE EXAMPLE

ADDING STRATEGIES

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

AN ADVANCED EXAMPLE

“ALL MODELS ARE WRONG … BUT SOME ARE USEFUL”

George Box

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

@SMOLLAMARCO

AGENT-BASED MODELLING IN R

MARCO SMOLLA

Code @ https://github.com/flsrgroup/ABM-in-R/blob/master/ABM.Rmd