Matrikulasi Bahasa Inggris Pascasarjana STSI BandungT.A. 2012 / 2012

Oleh:Afri Wita, S.Pd., M.A.

TOEFL & IELTS?

TOEFL

- Test Of English as a Foreign Languange

- Listening, Structure, Reading, Writing

- Score?PBT : 217 – 677CBT : 0 – 300IBT : 0 - 120

IELTS

The International English Language Testing System

Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking

Score? Nine-band scale9 : expert user8 : very good user7 : good user6: competent user5 : modest user

TOEFL

TOEFL TIME

Listening Comprehension 50 questions 35 minutes

Structure and Written Expression

40 questions 25 minutes

Reading Comprehension 50 questions 55 minutes

Test of Written English (TWE) 1 essay topic 30 minutes

LISTENING

1. Part A : 30 percakapan pendek, masing-masing 1 pertanyaan

2. Part B : 2 percakapan panjang, 1 percakapan utk bbrpa pertanyaan

3. Part C : 3 pembicaraan (ceramah), masing-masing utk bbrapa pertanyaan

STRATEGI UMUM

1. Kenali perintah soal : Hindari menghabiskan waktu membaca perintah mengerjakan soal ketika tes

2. Konsentrasi mendengarkan pembicaraan/percakapan : Kaset hanya akan diputar 1 x

3. Ketahui di mana biasanya bagian mudah & sulit pertanyaan: Pada setiap section listening, pertanyaan mulai dari mudah ke sulit.

4. Jangan tinggalkan lembar jawaban kosong.

5. Gunakan setiap waktu tersisa untuk melihat pilihan jawaban

STRATEGI PART A

1. Ketika mendengarkan percakapan pendek, fokuslah pada baris kedua (focus on the 2nd line)

Example: On the recording you hear:(man) I’ve always wanted to visit Hawaii

with you.(woman) Why not next month?(narrator) What does the woman

mean?

In your test book you read:

A. Next month isn’t a good time for the trip.B. She doesn’t want to go to Hawaii C. She suggest taking the trip next monthD. She’s curious about why he doesn’t want to go

2. •Think of possible restatement

3. •Certain structures and expression are tested regularly (listen for: structures, functional expressions, idiomatic expressions

4. •Questions generally progress from easy to difficult

5. •Never leave any answers blank

6. •Even if you do not understand the complete conversation, you can find the correct answer

STRATEGIES PART B

1. •If you have time, preview the answers to the Listening Part B Questions

2. •Listen carefully to the first line of the conversation

.3 •As you listen, draw conclusions about who is talking, where the conversation takes place, or when it takes place

4. •As you listen, follow along with the answers and try to determine the correct answers

5. •Never leave any answers blank

6. •Use any remaining time to look ahead at the answers to the questions that follow

STRATEGIES PART C1. •If you have time, preview the answers

2. •Listen carefully to the first line of the talk

3. •As you listen, draw conclusions about: who is talking, where or when the talk takes place, which course this lecture might be given in

4. •As you listen, follow along with the answers and try to determine the correct answers

5. •Never leave any answers blank

6. •Use any remaining time to look ahead at the answers to the questions that follow

Are they right?

They song

The man choreographing

The actor performance well

STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION

1. Structure (15 pertanyaan) – memilih jawaban yg paling TEPAT melengkapi titik-titik.

2. Written Expression (25 pertanyaan) – memilih 1 kata/kel kata digaris-bawah yang TIDAK TEPAT dalam kalimat.

STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION(1 menit untuk 2 pertanyaan)

STRATEGI UMUM1. Kenali perintah pada tes toefl. Perintah sama, jangan

habiskan waktu baca perintah sewaktu test.2. Mulailah dengan pertanyaan 1 - 15. 5 soal pertama

termudah, 5 soal terakhir tersulit, jangan habiskan waktu untuk pertanyaan sulit.

3. Lanjutkan dengan pertanyaan 16 - 40. Jangan habiskan banyak waktu untuk pertanyaan sulit.

4. Jika ada waktu, kembali lagi ke pertanyaan 11 - 15 5. Jangan pernah biarkan lembar jawaban tak terisi

Strategi utk pertanyaan Structure

1. Lihat kalimatnya. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui apa yang diperlukan kalimat tersebut

Contoh: ______ is taking a trip to New York.A. TheyB. WhenC. the WomanD. Her

2. Cermati masing-masing pilihan. Buang pilihan yang tidak bisa melengkapi kalimat tersebut

3. Jangan tentukan benar salahnya hanya dengan melihat pilihan

4. Jangan biarkan jawaban tak terisi5. Jangan habiskan waktu hanya untuk

pertanyaan structure

Contoh:( Be sure the sentence has a subject and verb)

______ was backed up for miles on the freeway.

A. YesterdayB. In the morningC. TrafficD. Cars

Contoh:

Engineers ______ for work on the new space program.

A. necessaryB. are neededC. hopefullyD. next month

Contoh:

Be careful of objects of prepositions

With his friend _____ found the movie theatre

A. hasB. heC. laterD. when

Contoh:Be careful of appositives

______ ,George, is attending the lecture.

A. Right nowB. HappilyC. Because of the time

D. My friend

Contoh:

______, Sarah rarely misses her basketball shots.A. An excellent basketball playerB. An excellent basketball player isC. Sarah is an excellent basketball playerD. Her excellent basketball play

Structure

The javelin used in competition must be between 260 and 270 centimeters _____

A. in lengthB. it is longC. its lengthD. lengthily

Answer: A

Structure

In an internal combustion engine,_____ and air are heated inside a cylinder.

A. and gasoline vaporB. both gasoline vaporC. gasoline vaporizesD. besides gasoline vapor

Answer: B

In November of 1863, the city of Atlanta _____ during Sherman’s famous “March to the Sea”

A. was completely burned

B. completely burning

C. it was burned completely

D. completely burned it

Answer: A

The Kentucky Derby _____ every May at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky.

A. to be run

B. run

C. it may be run

D. is run

Answer: D

____ have captured the spirit of the conquest of America as well as James Fenimore Cooper.

A. Few writers

B. The few writers

C. The writers are few

D. Few are the writers

Answer: A

Prospectors rushed to Nevada in 1859 ______ was discovered there.

A. after gold soon

B. soon after gold

C. gold soon after

D. soon gold after

Answer: B

_____ heat from the Sun is trapped near the Earth’s surface, the greenhouse effect occurs.

A. No

B. When

C. That

D. What

Answer: B

Keynes argued that to avoid an economic depression the government _____ spending and lower interest rates.

A. is

B. higher

C. increase

D. should increase

Answer: D

____ a bee colony gets, the more the queen’s egg-laying capability diminishes.

A. It is more overcrowded

B. The more overcrowded

C. More overcrowded than

D. More than overcrowded

Answer: B

Unlike the Earth, which rotates once every twenty-four hours, _____ once every ten hours.

A. the rotation of Jupiter

B. the occurrence of Jupiter’s rotation

C. Jupiter rotates

D. Jupiter’s rotating

Answer: C

_____ peaches are classified as freestone or clingstone depends on how difficult it is to remove the pit.

A. The

B. About

C. Whether

D. Scientifically

Answer: C

Out of John Kenneth Galbraith’s The Affluent Society _____ for an increase in public goods, potentially at the expense of private goods.

A. came the argument

B. his argument

C. argued

D. the economist is arguing

Answer: A

Written Expression

Soon after the United State’s entrance into the A B

war, the major hotels in Atlantic City was

C D

transformed into military barracks.

Answer: D

Major advertising companies have A

traditionally volunteered its time to public

B C D

service accounts.

Answer: C

The value of precious gems is determined by

A B

their hardness, color, and brilliant. C D

Answer: D

READINGTypes of Questions:

1. Reading Comprehension: main idea questions, directly answered detail questions, implied detail questions

2. Vocabulary: meaning of vocabulary words

General Strategies

1. Kenali perintah soal2. Jangan habiskan banyak waktu

membaca teks bacaan3. Jangan khawatir jika topik bacaan

tidak ‘familiar’. Semua informasi yang dibutuhkan utk menjawab soal ada dalam teks

4. Jangan biarkan lembar jawaban tidak terisi

STRATEGI READING COMPREHENSION

1. Baca sepintas untuk mengetahui ide utama dan susunan keseluruhan ide dalam teks.

2. Baca pertanyaan untuk mengetahui tipe pertanyaan yang harus dijawab.

3. Baca bagian teks yang berhubungan dengan pertanyaan

Untuk pertanyaan:• Main idea, Lihat baris pertama masing-

masing paragraf

• Directly & Indirectly answered, pilih kata kunci di pertanyaan dan baca sepintas kata kunci tsb (yang berhubungan) di bacaan

• Vocabulary, pertanyaan akan menunjukkan bagian teks yang berisi kata yang di tanyakan

• Overall Review, Jawabannya bisa ada di setiap bagian bacaan

4. Baca dengan cermat bagian teks yang berisi jawaban pertanyaan. Jawaban bisa jadi ada di kalimat yang sama dengan kata kunci (atau satu kalimat sebelum atau sesudahnya).

5. Pilih jawaban yang paling tepat dari empat pilihan yang diberikan.

QUESTIONS ABOUT THE IDEAS OF THE PASSAGE

1. Jawab pertanyaan Main Idea dengan tepat

MAIN IDEA QUESTIONSPertanyaan

What is the topic of the passage?What is the subject of the passage?What is the main idea of the passage?What is the author’s main point in the passage?With what is the author primarily concerned?Which of the following would be the best title?

Main Idea Questions

Jawaban

Jawaban tipe pertanyaan ini umumnya dapat ditemukan dengan melihat kalimat pertama masing-masing paragraf

Langkah Menjawab

1. Baca baris pertama masing-masing paragraf

2. Cari tema atau ide umum di baris pertama

3. Baca cepat sisa bacaan untuk memastikan itulah topiknya

4. Eliminasi langsung jawaban yang pasti salah & pilih jawaban yang paling tepat

2. RECOGNIZE THE ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS: Bagaimana gagasan di satu paragraf berhubungan dengan paragraf lainnya.

ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS

Pertanyaan

How is the information in the passage organized?How is the information in the second paragraph related to the information in the first paragraph?

Jawaban Jawaban jenis pertanyaan ini umumnya bisa ditemukan dengan melihat kalimat pertama paragraf yang tepat

Langkah Menjawab

1. Baca baris pertama setiap paragraf2. Cari kata yang menunjukkan

hubungan antara paragraf3. Pilih jawaban yang paling tepat

menjelaskan hubungannya

DIRECTLY ANSWERED QUESTIONS

Stated detail questions

Unstated detail questions

Pronoun referent questions

STATED DETAIL QUESTIONSPertanyaan

According to the passage, …It is stated in the passage …The passage indicates that …The author mentions that …Which of the following is true …?

Jawaban Berurutan dalam teks bacaan

Langkah Menjawab

1. Pilih kata kunci dalam pertanyaan2. Cari bagian teks yang berisi kata kunci3. Baca dengan cermat bagian yang berisi

kata kunci tersebut4. Cari jawaban yang menyatakan ulang ide

tersebut5. Eliminasi jawaban yang pasti salah dan

pilih jawaban yang paling tepat dari sisa pilihan

“UNSTATED” DETAIL QUESTIONSPertanyaan

Which of the following is not stated …?Which of the following is not mentioned …?Which of the following is not discussed …?All of the following are true except …

Jawaban Berurutan dalam teks bacaan

Langkah Menjawab

1. Pilih kata kunci dalam pertanyaan2. Baca cepat untuk mencari kata kunci3. Baca dengan cermat kalimat yang

berisi kata kunci4. Cari jawaban yang sesuai dengan

teks, dan eliminasi jawaban tersebut5. Pilih jawaban yang tidak benar atau

tidak dinyatakan dalam teks

PRONOUN REFERENTS

Pertanyaan

The pronoun ”…” in line X refers to which of the following?

Jawaban Pertanyaan menunjukkan baris teks di mana pronoun yang ditanyakan dalam teks

Langkah Menjawab

1. Temukan pronoun yang ditanyakan dalam teks

2. Cari kata benda yang letaknya sebelum pronoun yang ditanyakan

3. Baca dengan cermat bagian teks sebelum pronoun tersebut

4. Eliminasi langsung jawaban yang pasti salah dan pilih jawaban yang paling tepat dari sisa pilihan

Indirectly Answered Questions

Implied detail questions•It is implied in the passage that...•It can be inferred from the passage that...•It is most likely that...•What probably happened...

Transition questions•The paragraph preceding the passage probably..•What is most likelyin the paragraph following the passage...