AFES-Tutorial 02 English 2006-07-20

8/12/2019 AFES-Tutorial 02 English 2006-07-20

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Sample. Tank Foundation Design

After completing this sample you will be able to :

Create geometric data

Set foundation group.

Modify size of footing and pier.

Set load case to foundation /Set load combination.

Change Reinforcement of footing and pedestal.

Place piles under the footing.

Run analysis of footing and pier.

Run BOM of foundation.

Generate drawing of foundation.

In this Section

Tank Foundation Module

Tank Foundation Design Process.

Input Tank Foundation Data.

Design Tank Foundation.

BOM Take-Off for Tank Foundation.

Drawing Generation for Tank Foundation.



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Tank Foundation Module

1. The type of storage tanks normally encountered in refinery, petrochemical and other industrial plants have cylindrical shells,

essentially flat bottoms, and either cone roofs or float roofs. Tank

size may range from 10 to 200 feet in diameter with height from 16to 56 feet.

AFES Modules

2. Suggested conditions for Tank Foundation Type is as below.

< Table 1 >

Earth Foundations with a Crushed stone

Ringwall

Tank Foundation Type

Conditions to be considered The subgrade has adequate bearing capacity and

acceptable settlements

When the anchorage is not necessary*

Advantage The most economical type of tank foundation

Provides uniform support of the tank bottom by

dissipating concentrated loads in a granular pattern

Disadvantage Possible the uneven settlement which cause

additive effort in the future

Difficult to construct flat level plane of the bottom

of the shell of the tank

(⇒ Leveling Ring※)

Catastrophic failure of the bottom is possible if a

leak starts and washes out the underlying support

Application (Design Basis to be applied) Large Diameter Tanks





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Notes

* Regions of low seismicity or in seismic areas where the tank diameterto height ratio is such that there is no uplift of the tank shell or small

sloshing effect. The magnitude of lateral forces, overturningmoments, and associated hydrodynamic mass be determined toassess their impact on tank shell and foundation design

※ A concrete leveling ring can be used under the tank shell in the

gravel ring wall foundation. This leveling ring is 200mm deep by

300mm wide unreinforced concrete whose primary function is to provide a stable level base upon which the fabricator can build the

tank shell wall. Additional advantages of the leveling ring are to

distribute concentrated shell loads on to the gravel ring wall and

minimize edge settlement under seismic condition



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Tank Foundation Design Process

Choose Pro ect

Start

Create Structure

Input Foundation Geometry

(=Node Data)

Assign Foundation Module

(Foundation Type: Tank1 )

Input Feature Data

(=Footing, Pier Shape, Dimension)

Set Footing Bar, Pier Bar

IF Pile Foundation,

Array Pile Data

Set Anchor Bolt/Box

Input Equipment Data

Input Load Case/Combination

StructuralCalculation sheets

Take OffBill of Materials

GenerateConstruction Drawing

Generate 3DModeling Data

END



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Input Tank Foundation Data

Making New Structure.

1. Click “New/Open Project” to generate Tank Foundation in ‘Toolbar

icon’ Menu. Choose Project that you want to work on in “Project

Dialog Window”.

Ex) For this example, we will use “KCI_MKS” Project.

AFES Main GUI : Open/Select Project



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2. Click “Create New Structure” Icon to input ‘Structure Name’ in‘Toolbar Icon’ Menu. “Add : Input ‘Structure Name’ in ‘New

Structure Name’ dialog, then “New” command button.

Add New Structure



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Adding New Node

1. Click “Geometry Data” Icon in Toolbar Icon Menu, then you can

see “Geometry : Foundation Location Plan (Node Data)” DialogWindow.

2. Input the coordinates of ‘Tank Foundation’, then click “Add”

command button.

3. Input ‘Tank Foundation’, and click “Save” Command button.

Note) Choose Foundation or Spread Row that you want to edit, then

4. Click “Delete” to delete Node.

Ex) Make a Node to locate ‘Tank Foundation’ by clicking ‘Add’. Inputcoordinates and click “Save” command button.

Input/modify Geometry Data



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Making Group of Isolated without Pile.

1. Click “Assign Foundation Grouping” Icon in Toolbar Icon Menu.

The “Structure Group” Dialog Window will display.

There are four types of Foundation as shown below.

Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4

1, 3 Node uses Type 1(Footing : Circle) for Modeling. 2, 4 Nodes use

Type 2(Footing : Octagon). 5 Node use Type 3(Circle Ring). 6 Nodeuses Type 4(Footing : Polygon Ring, Pier Circle Ring Wall).

Steps below is how to specify Type 1 Module for 1, 3 Nodes.

2. Click ”New” Command Button.

3. Input ‘Group Name’ in ‘Group Name Input Box’, then chooseGroup Type “Tank_1” in ‘Group Type Input Box’.

4. Choose Non Pile Fdn, or Pile Fdn. based on Condition.

5. Click ‘Same Size’ button to apply same size and reinforced steel data

for two different foundation. A standard foundation for input Data

can be chosen in Combo Box. Choose Node to assign from ‘Usingnode list’, click ‘>’ button, and click ‘Save’ to set up Foundation

Module.



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Steps below is how to specify Type 2 Module for 2, 4 Nodes.The standard shape of Type 2 module is Octagonal and Pier is Circle

Ring Wall.

Note) Shape of Footing can be converted in ‘Feature Dialog Window’.

6. Click ”New” Command Button. Input ‘Group Name’ in ‘Group

Name Box’.

7. Choose “Tank_1” for Group Type. Choose Non Pile Fdn, or Pile Fdn

based on condition of Soil.

8. Choose Pile Foundation. Choose Node to assign from ‘Using node

list’ Click “>” and “Save” to specify Foundation Module.



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Assign Structure Group

Steps below is how to specify Type 3 Module for 5 Nodes.

The standard shape of Type 3 module is Circle Ring Wall.


Name Box’.

10. Choose “Tank_1” for Group Type.

11. Choose ‘Block foundation’, then Soil Condition is automatically

chosen to ‘Non Pile Fdn’. This foundation does not support ‘Pile

Foundation’.

12. Click ‘Difference Size( Each Foundation)’ button to apply different

size and reinforced steel data for two different foundations.

13. Choose Node to assign from ‘Using node list’ Click “>” and

“Save” to specify Foundation Module.



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Steps below is how to specify Type 4 Module for 6 Nodes.

The standard shape of Type 4 module is Polygon Ring, and Circle Ring

Wall for Pier.

Note) Shape of Footing can be converted in ‘Feature Dialog Window’.


Name Box’.

15. Choose “Tank_1” for Group Type.

16. Choose ‘Non Pile Fdn’ based on Soil Condition. Foundation

Module only supports Soil Foundation. Choose node to assign from

‘Using node list’ Click “>” and “Save” to specify FoundationModule.



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Modifying size of foot ing and pier.

1. Choose ‘TANK-FDN-01’ in Combo Box.

2. Click “Feature Data (Dimension)” Icon in ‘Toolbar Icon Menu’,

then ‘Feature Input Dialog’ Window will display. Steps to specifyType 1 Module is as below.

3. Choose ‘Footing Tab’ in Dialog Box. Choose ‘Soil Name’.

4. Check ‘Allowable Bearing Pressure’ of Soil Foundation using the

information of Soil Name, which is input in Bearing Capacity of Soil

Tab of “Setting of Constant Dialog”.

This is Input Box when you want to design Footing by Element. (You

do not need to choose currently.)

5. Choose Footing Shape as a Circle.

6. Input ‘Footing Diameter.’

7. Input Height of Footing.

8. Input ‘Lean Concrete and Crushed Stone Thickness.’

9. Input ‘Soil Height’. (Standard of Footing Top: Upward +,

Downward -)

10. Input a projecting part of ‘Dimension of Lean Concrete andCrushed Stone’ to horizontal direction. (Standard of Footing Edge.)

11. Click “Save” Command Button to save Data.



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Input Feature : Footing

12. Choose a ‘Pier Tab’ in Dialog Box.

13. Choose Pier Shape as a Circle Ring.

14. Input ‘Pier Diameter.’

15. Input ‘Wall Thickness.’

16. Input ‘Pier Height.’

17. Input ‘Grout.’

18. Move the Pier with eccentricity by inputting in Offset X/Y

Direction.




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Input Feature : Pier



then ‘Feature Input Dialog’ window will display.

Steps to specify Type 2 Module is stated below.

Most of the steps are the same as Type 1, but choose Octagon Shape in

the ‘Footing Shape’ Combo Box.




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Most of the steps are the same as Type 1. Click “Save” Command

Button to save Data.



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Most of the steps are the same as Type 1, but choose Circle Ring Shape

in ‘Footing Shape’ Combo Box.




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Modifying reinforcement of footing and pier.

1. Choose Foundation in ‘Group Combo Box.’


then ‘Reinforcement Input Dialog’ window will display.

3. Choose ‘Footing Tab’ in ‘Input Box’.

4. Choose one of the ‘Bar Array Types’

5. Input reinforcing bar information fitting to Bar Array Type.

1 &3 Bar Types can choose only the information of Bottom reinforcing bar.

6. Choose size of Footing Top & Bottom reinforcing bar. You canchoose either Number or Spacing Input.

Note) You can choose ‘Using Bar’ in Material and Unit Weight Tab of

“Setting of Constant”.

Bar DB that AFES can support is ASTM A615, KS D 3504, BS 4449,

SAUDI ARABIAN, TS 708, ES 272-74, and TIS 2725. You can add

BAR DB if you e-mail to [email protected],kr .

7. Input ‘Footing Clear Cover’ in Clear Cover Tab of “Setting of

Constant”. It applies to all chosen Foundation. Data inputted

in ”Setting of Constant” will be saved with the same unit of current

project.



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Input Reinforcement Data

8. Choose Pier Tab in ‘Input Box’.

Tie Array, Spiral Array (Tie Bar) is only used for PM Diagram

Analysis of Pier.

It does not apply to ‘Ring Wall Pier’.

9. Choose ‘Top Tie Bar Size’, and input Spacing.

The Bar shape of Ring Wall Pier is

The shape of Side Bar is .

10. Change Data of Pier, and click “Save” Command Button



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11. Input Information of reinforcing bar in Pier Tap for ‘Ring Wall

Footing’.



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Placing Circular Pattern of piles.

1. Choose Foundation to array Piles in ‘Combo Box’.’Pile Data’ Icon in ‘Toolbar Icon’ is generated only when choosing

‘Pile Foundation’. Click “Pile Data” Icon in ‘Toolbar Icon Menu’,then ‘Pile Array Form Dialog’ window will display.

2. Choose ‘ Pile Name’ in Input Box.

3. Check Allowable Pile Capacity of Pile Foundation using theinformation of Pile Name, which is input in Capacity of Pile Tab of

“Setting of Constant Dialog” .

4. Click “View Group Reduction” box after inputting ‘Pile Data’, then

you can check the overlap of ‘Pile to Pile’.

Default Data is 1.5 x Pile Diameter from Footing Edge, and Pile to Pile

is 2.5 x Pile Diameter.

Default Data to check overlap can be changed in ‘Design/Auto

Design/Set Parameters’ window.

5. Click “Insert” Command button or “Generation (New)” command

button to arrange Piles again.



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Input Pile Data

6. Click ‘Generation (New)’ command button, then the picture below is

shown.

7. Choose Circle or Rectangular for Pile Array.

Below is example of Circle Array.

Decide how many Circles are needed to arrange Pile.

8. Choose 3 Circle Arrays.

Diameter of the first Pile Circle is 1200 mm. Arrange 3 piles with 60

Start Angle.

Diameter of the second Pile Circle is 3000 mm. Arrange 6 piles with 30Start Angle.

Diameter of the third Pile Circle is 4000 mm. Arrange 10 piles with

120 Start Angle.

9. Choose ‘Base Point’ when you arrange ‘Pile’. (Example of arranging

Piles based on Footing Center.) Refer to the picture for more input

information.



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10. Input ‘Pile Data’, and click “Save” Command Button.

Input Pile Data

Example below is display result using Pile “Generation (New)” Wizard.

Data can be converted by clicking “Save” Command Button after

changing X/Y Coordination and Arranged Dia. of Spread Sheet.

Piles can be added by clicking “Insert”, “Generation (Add)” CommandButton.

11. Click “Delete” Command Button to delete piles.



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Input Pile Data



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Placing Anchor Bolt.

1. Choose Foundation to input “Anchor Bolt/Box Data” in Combo

Box.

‘Layout of Anchor Bolts’ Dialog window will appear when clicking“Anchor Bolts/Box Data” Icon in Toolbar Icon Menu.

“Layout of Anchor Bolts” is information for drawing. AFES program

does not design ‘Anchor Bolt’.

2. Choose who is going to supply ‘Anchor Bolt’ in Bolt Data.

3. Choose whether Anchor Bolt & Box uses Unified or Metric Units.

Data in ‘Anchor Bolt Size ‘ is different depends on Units.

Note) Anchor Bolt Type & Size can be converted by Anchor Bolt Tab

Box of “Setting of Constants”.

4. Input Bolt Size, Projection, and Bolt Length.

You do not need to input Bolt Size, Projection, and Length Data if

“Using Anchor Box” in Anchor Box is checked.

5. Choose ‘Anchor Bolts Array Type’. (Rectangular, Circle Array)

If you choose ‘Circle Array’, Input ‘Start Angle, Number of Anchor

Bolt, and Anchor Bolt Circle Diameter’, and click “Draw” Command

Button.

To change ‘Anchor Bolt’ coordinates, change Spread Sheet and click

“Save” Command Button.

You can add Anchor Bolt by clicking ”Add” Command Button.

If you add Anchor Bolt on Circle Array, it changes to ‘RectangularArray’.



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Input Anchor Bolt/Box Data

To delete all ‘Anchor Bolt Data’ & input new data, choose ‘Anchor

Bolts Array Type’, input Data, and click “Draw” Command Button.



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Making Equipment Data.

1. Choose Foundation to input “Equipment Data” in Combo Box.

2. Click “Equipment Data” Icon in Toolbar Icon, then “Equipment

Assign” Dialog window will display.

To input specific information of Equipment, you have to input

‘Equipment Name’ & Type.

3. Choose Equipment Node in Spread Sheet, and input ‘Equipment Name’.

4. Click ”Save” Command Button in Toolbar Icon, and assignEquipment to Large Storage Tank.

Note) Tank1 Type assigns automatically the Equipment Type as ‘LargeStorage Tank’.

5. Click “delete’ to delete Assigned Equipment.


6. Click “Input” Icon in Toolbar Icon Menu after ‘Equipment Assign’,

the dialog below is shown.



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7. Chose ‘Equipment Type’. The shape of Tank is changed according to

Type.

8. Input ‘Equipment Diameter.’ Input Default Data as ‘Pier to PierCenter’ value in AFES.

9. Input ‘Equipment Shell/ Insulation/Fire Proofing Thickness.’

10. Input an Equipment Height & Bottom Plate Height.

11. Input Equipment Empty, Operation, and Test Weight.

12. Input ‘Internal Friction Angle’ of Soil.

13. Input a Filling Material Name, Unit weight, and Thickness for Ring

Wall.

Note) Thickness1 + Thickness 2 of Ring Wall should be same as ‘Pier

Height’.

14. Input a Data for ‘Sump Pit’.

15. To save Data, click “Save” button.




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Setting Load Case to Foundation Group

1. Choose Foundation to input “Load Case/ Combination” in Combo

Box. Click “Load Case/Combination” Icon in Toolbar Icon Menu,then “Loads & Combination” Dialog window will display.

The default load cases for a tank foundation that AFES generates are as

follows:

a) Operating

b) Empty(=Erection)c) Test

d) X Wind

e) Y Windf) X Earthquake

g) Y Earthquake

The default allowable or unfactored load combinations for a tank

foundation generated by AFES depend on the concrete design codeselected. For eg if ACI code is selected, the combinations are as

follows:

a) DL + Oper

b) DL + Oper + X Wind

c) DL + Oper + Y Windd) DL + Oper + X EQ

e) DL + Oper + Y EQ

f) DL + Empty(=Erec)g) DL + Empty(=Erec) + X Wind

h) DL + Empty(=Erec) + Y Wind

i) DL + Empty(=Erec) + X EQ

j) DL + Empty(=Erec) + Y EQ

k) DL + Test

The default ultimate or factored load combinations for a tank1foundation generated by AFES depend on the concrete design code

selected. For eg if ACI 318 - 1999 is selected, the combinations are asfollows:

a) 1.4DL + 1.4Oper

b) 1.05DL + 1.05Oper + 1.275 X Wind

c) 0.9DL + 0.9Oper + 1.3 X Windd) 1.05DL +1.05Oper + 1.275 Y Wind

e) 0.9DL + 0.9Oper + 1.3 Y Wind

f) 1.05DL + 1.05Oper + 1.403 X EQ

g) 0.9DL + 0.9Oper + 1.43 X EQh) 1.05DL + 1.05Oper + 1.403 Y EQ

i) 0.9DL + 0.9Oper + 1.43 X EQ

j) 1.4DL + 1.4Empty(=Erec)

k) 1.05DL + 1.05Empty(=Erec) + 1.275 X Wind

l) 0.9DL + 0.9Empty(=Erec) + 1.3 X Windm) 1.05DL + 1.05Empty(=Erec) + 1.275 Y Wind

n) 0.9DL + 0.9Empty(=Erec) + 1.3 Y Wind

o) 1.05DL + 1.05Empty(=Erec) + 1.403 X EQ



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p) 0.9DL + 0.9Empty(=Erec) + 1.43 X EQ

q) 1.05DL + 1.05Empty(=Erec) + 1.403 Y EQr) 0.9DL + 0.9Empty(=Erec) + 1.43 X EQ

s) 1.0DL + Test

Note)

1. Input ‘Load Case Name & Load Case Value’ in ‘Load Case

Window’, and make a ‘Load Combination’ in Load Combination

Window.

2. Make ‘Load Combination’ using ‘Import Function’ in ‘Load

Combination Window’, and go to ‘Load Case Window’, then ‘Load

Case’ is automatically input.

After following 1 or 2 steps above, input ‘Load Case Value’ for each

pier.

‘Default Load Combination’ in AFES has the function that can design

‘Tank Foundation’ by importing “Vessel_Load_comb_1.txt” file in

‘Data Directory’.

‘Pier External Loading Sign Convention’ is as below.

Axial Loads (Fz), Shear Loads (Fx, Fy), Moment(Mx, My, Mz)

Axial Loads are negative downwards. Shear are positive if applied in

the positive direction of X and Y Axis. Moments Mx are positive if

applied in the counter-clockwise direction about the positive (+X) axis.

Moments My are positive if applied in the clockwise direction about the

positive (+Y) Axis.

2. Click “Load Case” Icon, then “Loads Case” Dialog will display.

3. Choose Node to add Load Case. (EX. Choose Node 1, 3.)

4. Choose ‘Unassigned Load Case’ in Show state of Load Case.

5. Choose ‘Load Case’ in List Box, and click “Save” Command Button.

6. To add more ‘Load Cases’, repeat step c). Added ‘Load Case’ isdisplayed in Spread.

7. If you finish adding ‘Load Cases’, click “Finish” Command Button.

8. To add Load Case, click “Edit node list”, choose “Unassigned Load

Case” and ‘Load Case’, then click “Save” Command Button.



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9. To delete ‘Load Case’, choose ‘Load Case’ and click “Remove”

Command Button.

10. To input ‘Load Case value’, choose Load Case and input values inSpread Sheet, then click “Save” Command Button.

Input Load Case Data

Note) SW : ‘Default Load Case’ of AFES is SELF WEIGHT. Fy (=-1)

means that automatically calculate ‘Foundation Self Weight’ to the

direction of Vertical Downward.



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11. Click “Load Combination” Icon, then “Load Combination” Dialogwindow will display.

12. Click “New” Command Button.

13. Input Load Combination “Name”.

14. Choose Load Cases using Shift Key, then click “>” CommandButton.

15. Input Factor Value.

16. Choose Elastic Strength(=Stability) or Ultimate Strength

(=Reinforcement/Shear) Check for Load Combination.

17. To use Safety Factor used for Sliding and Overturning MomentCheck, choose Combo Box when it is for Stability Check. AFES can

use 4 Safety Factor. Choose Factor for Allowable Increase in Combo

Box.

Note) Set up Sliding, Overturning, and Allowable Increase in

“Setting of Constants”.

18. Click “Save” Command Button to save the values.

19. Repeat step 12 ~ 18.



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Design Tank Foundation

1. Choose a ‘Foundation Group’.

The steps for Foundation design is as follows.

2. Click “Foundation Analysis/Design” Icon in Toolbar Menu, then

“Analysis and Design” Dialog Window is shown as below.

3. Choose ‘Regular Shaped Foundation Design Method (=Default)’,

and click ”OK” Command Button.

There is a Dialog with several Design Methods.Detail of ‘Select Load Distribution Method’ is as follows.

4. Choose whether External Load on Pier Top go to ‘ConcentratedForce’ or ‘Uniform Load’.

More specific explanation of ‘Shear & Reinforcement Design for MATModule’ is as follows.

5. Choose a ‘Critical Point ‘ to apply to Foundation based on ‘BuildingCode’.



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6. Choose a ‘Maximum Point’ to design Foundation with Allowance.

It is a typical rule designing with ‘Maximum Value’ in Mat Foundation.

Detail of ‘Structural Analysis Design of Foundation’ is stated below.

The Conventional Rigid Method 1 : Analyze Foundation with internal

forces caused by external forces.

The Conventional Rigid Method 2 : Analyze based on the fact that the

sum of external forces and internal forces is 0.

7. Click “Go to Diagram” Command Button to see SFD, BMDDiagram.

8. Click “Go to Summary” Command Button to see Summary Sheet.

Example of clicking “Go to Diagram” Command Button is as below.

SFD, BMD Diagram can be seen in case of Footing/Group/LoadCombination.

In case of Tank Foundation, you can input values in ‘Number ofMoment Dist. Point’ to assume concentrated load as distributed load.

9. Click “Next” Command Button to see Summary Sheet.



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10. Choose Load Combination for Foundation Design.

To draw several plans in ‘Layout Plan’, you can adjust using “Number

of Match Point” Tab.



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“Summary Sheets” of calculation sheet is shown below. You can save

as ‘PDF File Format’ in any Directory.



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11. Click ”Show Detail Report” Command Button to see detailed

calculation sheet.



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Detailed calculation sheet is shown below.

Print out Reports by clicking ‘Option’ Icon in Toolbar Menu.



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12. Click ‘Design/Interactive Design/Ring Wall Design’ to design

‘Ring Wall.’



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To design a ‘Ring Wall Pier’, choose Footing in ‘Footing List’ and Pier

in Pier List’, then click “Calculation (One)” Command Button.

”Detail Report” Tab is activated, and Design Result of Ring Wall isdisplayed.

13. Click “Calculation (All)” Command Button to design multiple Ring

Wall. ”Detail Report” Tab is activated, and Design Result of Ring

Wall is displayed.



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BOM Take-Off for Tank Foundation

To calculate Materials for Foundation, click “Take Off Bill of

Material” Icon in Toolbar Menu.

1. Input Spec. for Material Calculation, and click “Calculation” button.

To apply the same input Spec. to other Foundation, click “Save”

Command Button.



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Material’s Report for Foundation is shown below.

It displays Data, Summary Table, Calculation BOM, and Calculation ofRebars.

Rebar, Net BOM, does not consider ‘Bar Bending’ in this function.



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Drawing Generation for Tank FoundationAFES interfaces directly with AutoCAD, and MicroStation to create a

construction drawing.

1. Click “Export DXF File” Icon in Toolbar Menu to generate

construction drawing.

2. Click ”Option” Command Button to adjust Parameters for Drawing

Generation.

3. Click “OK” Command Button to generate drawing.



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Option for drawing generation is stated below.

Data changes for Sheet, Font, Layers, Entity, Drawing (=Bar LeaderType, Bar Bending Include or Not), Bar

Bending (=Rebar DB) can be saved.

You can choose a single rebar that you want to calculate for Bar

Bending calculation.

You can verify the adjusted value in ‘Standard Tab’ of drawing.

Ex) If you use ‘#-‘, choose ‘ASTM A 615’ and adjust values.

Click “OK” Command Button after finishing ‘set up.’



AFES provides the viewer below. AFES automatically save drawings

in Directory/ DxfData/ Project No.

”Standard” Tab is the value used for construction drawing.

”Layout” Tab is plan drawing of foundation location.

The rest of Tabs are Foundation Detail Drawing.

Documents

AFES-Tutorial 02 English 2006-07-20