AE Rio 2011 - Cezar Taurion Arquitetura de infra-estrutura Cloud

Plataformas de Aplicação paraCloud Computing

Cezar Taurion

Gerente de Novas Tecnologias/Technical Evangelist

[email protected]

© Copyright International BusinessMachines Corporation 2011. All rights reserved.

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2011IM AR

Everyone is talking about the cloud...


The significance of Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing changes IT services delivery in the same way that the ATM changed banking and the internet changed commerce


Seismic Shifts: What the Industrial Revolution has to do with the Evolution of Modern IT

Industrial Revolution – no single event, but an evolution of events and inventions over many decades

Standardized processes in product manufacturing brought about significant changes in labour

Cloud is the “Spinning Jenny” or “Watt’s Steam Engine” of its time: an essential part to the history of IT, but only a part of a much wider narrative

How this narrative will play out over the next decade really is anyone’s guess

There will be winners and losers

In just the last decade, we’ve moved from static websites and slow internet modem dial-up to $$$Bn e-commerce, pervasive mobile and “tweeting” the world! In the next decade, we may have witnessed a dramatic transformation in the way IT is bought / consumed, to a highly flexible, pay-as-you-go, standardised model. All bets are off !

1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2010s+2000s

Mainframe Era PC / Client-Server Era The Network Era Cloud Computing Era

1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2010s+2000s

Mainframe Era PC / Client-Server Era The Network Era Cloud Computing Era


IT must address these Business Challenges

Reducing riskEnsure the right levels of security and resiliency across all business data and processes

Breakthrough agilityIncrease ability to quickly deliver new services to capitalize on opportunities while containing costs and managing risk

Higher quality servicesImprove quality of services and deliver new services that help the business grow and reduce costs

Doing more with lessReduce capital expenditures and operational expenses


Gartner 2010 CIO review Gartner 2010 CIO review


A cloud computing primer – your 60 second guide

Start

Finish

A new model of IT delivery and consumption… …inspired by internet

services in the consumer space

Key ingredients:•elasticity•PAYG•on-demand self-service

Analogies - electricity generation and The Model-T Ford

Evolutionary, not revolutionary – time sharing, hosting, ASP

Variants – public, private, hybrid, community, G-cloud add to confusion

Get toknowtheCloudstack

Near-term adoption overstated, long-term impact underestimated – all bets are off !

A “confluence of technologies” – virtualization, SOA, multi-tennancy

?


Cloud Computing Definition

Cloud computing is a new consumption and delivery model inspired by consumer internet services and driven by client needs

Cloud computing has 5 key characteristics:

1. “Always on” network access 2. On-demand self-service 3. Location independent resource pooling4. Rapid elasticity – grow & shrink easily5. Flexible pricing models

Virtualization ServiceAutomation

UsageTracking Web 2.0

End User Focused

… to free your budget for new investments and speed deployment of new capabilities.Virtualization Standardization Automation Self Service

Increasingflexibility

Reducedcosts

Increasingquality


Cloud Service Types

Source: “Government in the Cloud” Gartner Webinar, Sept. 8, 2010


A range of deployment options

Private PublicHybrid

IT capabilities are provided “as a service,” over an intranet, within the enterprise and behind the firewall

Internal and external service delivery methods are integrated

IT activities / functions are provided “as a service,” over the Internet

Enterprise data center

Managed private cloud

Third-party operatedClient ownedMission criticalPackaged applicationsHigh compliancyInternal network

Enterprise data center

Private cloud

PrivateOn client premisesClient runs/ manages

Public cloud services

Users

B

Shared resourcesElastic scalingPay as you goPublic Internet

A

Member cloud services

A

Enterprise

B

Mix of shared and dedicated resources

Shared facility and staffVirtual private network

(VPN) accessSubscription or

membership based

Hosted private cloud

Enterprise

Third-party owned and operated

StandardizationCentralizationSecurityInternal network


Infrastructure, Labor, and Re-Engineering IT Business and Delivery Processes Drive Cloud Economics

Virtualization of Hardware

Standardization of Workloads

Utilization of Infrastructure

Automation of Management

Virtualized environments only get benefits of scale if they

are highly utilized

Drives lower capital requirements

More complexity = less automation possible =

people needed

Take repeatable tasks and automate

Lab

or

Lev

erag

eIn

fras

tru

ctu

re

Lev

erag

e

Self ServiceClients who can “serve

themselves” require less support and get services


The value of Cloud Computing is derived from lower capital investment, lower cost of service and rapid provisioning

Faster access to the latest

technology and powerful

computing

Standardization of applications, infrastructure and service processes

Lower IT Operating and Capital Costs

Capex to Opex

Removing IT complexity from

end users

Fine grained IT services with

very rapid provisioning

Cloud Game Changing Value Drivers

#1 Value Driver


IT benefits from Cloud Computing are real

13

VIR

TU

ALI

ZA

TIO

N

AU

TO

MA

TIO

N

ST

AN

DA

RD

IZA

TIO

N

Cloud attributes From

Server/storage virtualization 10–20%

Utilization of infrastructure 10–20%

Self-service None

Automated provisioning Week - Months

Change and release management Months

Service catalog ordering Months

Metering/billing Fixed cost model

Payback period for new services Years

Legacy environments

Cloud-enabled enterprise

Cloud accelerates business value across a wide variety of domains

To

70–80%

70–80%

Unlimited

Hours / Minutes

Hours / Minutes

Days / hours

Granular

Months


IBM’s Experience with Conversion to Cloud Computing

New Development

Software Costs

Power Costs

Labor Costs (Operations and Maintenance)

Hardware Costs(annualized)

Liberated fundingfor new development, transformation investment or direct saving

Deployment (1-time)

Software Costs

Power Costs(88.8%)

Labor Costs( - 80.7%)

Hardware Costs( - 88.7%)

Note: 3-Year Depreciation Period with 10% Discount Rate

Without Cloud With Cloud100%

CurrentIT

Spend

StrategicChangeCapacity

Hardware,labor & powersavings re-duced annual cost of Operationby 83.8%

Case Study ResultsAnnual savings: $3.3M (84%)

$3.9M to $0.6M


Bene

fit

CostHigh

High IT Provider Relationship Profile

Provider researches, recommends and implements

technology to enable quantum leap in business capability

Utility

Commodity

Provider works with others to develop a service and provide resources/skills

necessary to support the service

Provider of a quality service at a cost equal to or lower than the competition

Provider of an adequate service at a cost lower than the competition

Partner

Enabler

There are six typical steps to getting started with Cloud

Analyze Workloads Determine DeliveryModels

E-Mail, Collaboration

SoftwareDevelopment

Test and Pre-Production

DataIntensive

Processing

Database ERP

Enterprise

Private Public

Hybrid

Trad

IT

Assess Risks

Determine ROI

1 2 3

4 5 6

Understand Strategic Direction

Build Roadmaps

Ente

rpris

eAr

chite

ctur

e

Phase 2Phase 2

Phase 3Phase 3

Phase 4Phase 4

Phase 1Phase 1

Business ArchitectureAlignment

Data Model

Metadata

Information SystemsArchitecture

Define the information integration architecture

Info

rmat

ion

Inte

grat

ion

Information Transformation

Mas

ter D

ata

Man

agem

ent

Information Placement& Structure

Optimize data & content placement and structure across all

LOBs & technology silos

Extend the Information Integration Architecture for placement &

structure optimization

Document business directions and IT’s alignment with them,

across the enterprise

Provide a baseline of agreement by educating all stakeholders on the

fundamentals of Enterprise Architecture

Integrate information transformation with common metadata and data

cleansing services

Extend the information integration architecture across the

organization & technologies

Integrate data placement with the Information Lifecycle Management

implementation

Develop and implement enterprise-wide business architecture initiatives

Assess the existing IS Architecture for a selected set of LOBs

Develop an overall IS enterprise architecture framework to guide the enterprise

Develop and execute an IS Architecture roadmap across the enterprise

Develop metadata technical strategyPilot Metadata integration with key tools and

applicationsDocument business glossary into metadata

repository for some LOBs

Establish a cross-functional Information Architecture (Data Administration) team

Establish data entity naming standardsDefine and document common semantics (business glossary) across LOBs for some

subject areas

Analyze Infrastructure Gaps

01. IT Host Resources

03. IT Storage Resources

04. IT Network Resources

02. IT Distributed Resources

Exploratory DepartmentalEnterprise Integration

Exclusive Open

Scope of services

Assess current state Determine future stateIdentify required capabilities and initiatives

Develop roadmaps

01. IT Host Resources

03. IT Storage Resources

04. IT Network Resources

02. IT Distributed Resources

Exploratory DepartmentalEnterprise Integration

Exclusive Open

Scope of services

Assess current state Determine future stateIdentify required capabilities and initiatives

Develop roadmaps


The Role ofEnterprise Architecture


Enterprise Architecture has a key role in guiding successful, strategic adoption of Cloud Computing

Understanding the current business and IT architecture relationships

Good understanding of data, process and services

Understanding what is working well and what is not

Providing an aspirational view and roadmap based on business objectives

Starting with the business concern rather than technology

Ensuring integrity through information assurance, IT performance, reliability, security and compliance

Managing Total Cost of Ownership

Managing IT risk

Prioritise organisational governance and culture

Embrace the potential of innovative thinking

Create a strategy for consumption and management of cloud services

Understand Cloud as a new option for sourcing services which uses an SOA based architecture pattern. Match problem to the architecture pattern:

What workloads work well; what doesn’t?

Understand what drives Cloud economies and how to realise them

Consider implications of IT as a commodity delivered by a commodity supply chain

Become more closely involved in procurement strategies for sourcing and commercial risk management

Start to consider variability of IT workload – can we source peak workload externally?

Start to architect for Enduring Agility rather than specific end points

Application Overhaul, Infrastructure Virtualisation

Increase business engagement to avoid rogue Cloud service selection

Evolve EA processes for Cloud

Closer link to IT Service Management strategy

What remains constant for EA? How should EA evolve?


The business objectives and benefits of potential Cloud solutions must be identified with both Business and IT managers

Processes

Business Model

Unit Item

Aquisition cost USD

Aquisition cost

£

Ongoing cost

USD p.a.

Ongoing cost

£ p.a. Other value MetricApplication Layer

Applicaton Support & Maintenance Cost - for indicative use only as each application will be different 200,000

£ / application per annum

Data LayerUSD exchange rate 1.58 $ / £

Oracle Processor Licence Multiplier for Sun Multicore Processors0.75 licence / core

Possible Discount40%

Oracle Database Enterprise Edition - Processor Perpetual Licence 47,500 $ / licenceOracle Database Enterprise Edition - Processor Perpetual Licence 30,063 £ / licence

Oracle Database Enterprise Edition - Processor Perpetual Licence - adjusted13,528 £ / core

Oracle Database Enterprise Edition - Support & Maintenance 10,450 $ per annumOracle Database Enterprise Edition - Support & Maintenance 6,614 £ per annumOracle Database Enterprise Edition - Support & Maintenance - adjusted 2,976 £ / core per annumSQL Server - Enterprise 17,000 £ / processorSQL Server - Standard 4,500 £ / processorSQL Server - Workgroup 2,500 £ / processorSQL Server - Enterprise 1,700 £ / processor per annumSQL Server - Standard 450 £ / processor per annumSQL Server - Workgroup 250 £ / processor per annumSAN procurement & management per GB to include mirroring to second site 15 £ / GB per annumServer Layer - UNIXSun Solaris server h/w with 2 quad-core CPUs (i.e. 8 cores) plus system s/w 30,000 £

Sun Solaris server per core3,750 £ / core

Service delivery implementation for new Sun server build 2,000 £ / imageSun Solaris server per core - Support & Maintenance 450 £ / core per annumSun Solaris server per core - Energy & Cooling £ per annumSun Solaris server platform and database management per image 10,000 £ / image per annumServer Layer - Windows

Wintel server with 2 dual-core CPUs (i.e. 4 cores) plus system software1,500 £

Wintel server per core 375 £ / coreService delivery implementation for new Wintel build 1,000 £ / imageWintel server - Support & Maintenance 300 £ / server per annumWintel server per core - Energy & Cooling £ per annumWintel server platform and database management per image 5,000 £ / image per annumWindows TCO relative to Sun Solaris TCO 0.5

Financial Model

Innovation for competitive advantage Strategic alignment and transformation More responsive to changing demand Improved Performance Improved organisational flexibility and agility

Improved growth & profitability Governance, risk & compliance Transparency, visibility & control Reduced cost of service Optimise CAPEX and OPEX

CFO

CEO

CIO Flexible, adaptable, extendable systems Reliability Reduced cost of ownership User adoption & empowerment

IT Service ModelIT Business

Strategy

Portfolio Management

Strategy

Str

ateg

y

Dir

ect

Co

ntr

ol

Tac

tics

Exe

cute

Op

erat

ion

s

Information

Information Content

Service and Solution

Deployment

Service and Solution Rollout

Technology Implementation


Development


Maintenance and Testing

Service and Solution Creation

and Testing

Service Delivery

and Support

Service Support

Operations

Infrastructure Resource

Administration

Service Delivery

Operations

Business Resilience

User Identity and Access Processing

Business Resilience Operations

Business Compliance

Analysis

Enterprise Architecture

Technology Innovation

Portfolio Value Management

IT Management System Control

Business Technology & Governance

Strategy

Development Strategy

Deployment Strategy

Service Management

Strategy

Business Risk and Compliance

Strategy

Business Resilience Strategy

Security, Privacy, and Data

Protection

Continuous Business

Operations Planning

Business Risk and Compliance

Control Information Architecture

Information Lifecycle Planning

and Control

Service and Solution Lifecycle

Planning


Architecture


Implementation Planning

Change Deployment

Control

Service Delivery Strategy

Service Support Strategy

Service Support Planning

Infrastructure Resource Planning

Service Delivery Control

IT Business Administration

Sourcing Relationships and

Selection

HR Planning and Administration

Site and Facility Administration

Financial Control and Accounting

IT Business Model

Customer Contracts and

Pricing

Vendor Service Coordination

Procurement and Contracts

Knowledge Management

Project Management

Information Strategy

IT Customer Relationship

Service Performance

Analysis

Service and Solution Selling

Service Demand & Performance

Planning

Customer Transformation Consulting and

Guidance

Market Planning and

Communications

Customer Transformation

Needs Identification

Customer Business

Intelligence


Enterprise Architecture must understand what services add value and how they can be sourced to provide enduring business agility

BalancedObjectives

Business Strategy& Objectives

Assurance(Performance, Security, Compliance,

Commercial risk)

Cloud ServiceSourcing

(Public or Private Cloud;Service Layer; availability &

benefit)

Cloud Service adoption will often be driven bycost efficiency

EA Strategy is vital to balance cost saving vs. viability vs. business strategy

Is the business becoming more agile?

Avoiding future lock-in

Is the service viable?Will it work?

Does Service adoptionmake the businessmore agile?


The organisation must have a well formed understanding of its Architecture maturity and compatibility with Cloud architecture styles

Architecture well define and layered

Business Architecture; Application Architecture; Data Architecture; Technology Architecture

Applications and data are largely independent

Well defined interoperability

Low level of security requirements agreed

Web as a target

Applications designed for horizontal scalability

New application requirements

Tightly coupled architecture: business, application, data

Interoperability poorly defined and difficult to achieve

Provider applications have proprietary interfaces

High levels of security required

High degree of transaction based applications

‘Legacy’ solution architectures, few APIs

Large data volume updates

Optimum fit for Cloud Challenging issues for Cloud

Exploit based on availability of emerging Cloud technology and services (Public or Private); Help the business to innovate

Exploit low risk technical options to reduce cost and gain experience; start to set out IT strategic transformation path


The Cloud strategy will determine the level of investment and route through phases of architecture development for differing workloads

Examples:

Infrastructure virtualization to reduce cost

Hosting common services across large enterprises

Examples:

Investment in on-premise virtualized infrastructure for larger enterprises or groups

Development of Automated Provisioning and Configuration

Re-design of applications for dynamic hosting environment

Examples:

Test and Development facilities

Limited Platform as a service adoption

Examples:

Committing to major Cloud based applications, e.g. Salesforce.com

Re-design of applications for dynamic hosting environment

Cloud Business Analytics services

Private Cloud Public Cloud

Tac

tica

lS

trat

egic


Business objectives and current architecture maturity will dictate entry points and adoption of Cloud approaches

Selection of services requires careful analysis

Critical to consider interoperability, availability and security of data, performance, end of contract transition

Cloud services need active Technology Watch as market rapidly evolves

Availability of viable servicesThe market will rapidly evolve

Public services can more fully exploit efficiencies of resource use variability, multi-tenancy and scale

Private Cloud can provide benefits across a range internal users but requires fixed investment

Public Cloud may have greater cost/benefitbut may not be appropriate


The impact of change and areas of integration can be assessed by mapping the Cloud service requirements over the IT architecture

Infrastructure

Servers

Appliances

Storage Services

Network &Communication

Da

ta Cen

ter, Bu

ildin

g &

Facility S

erv

ices

Man

ag

emen

t & S

ecurity

Cloud Services(IaaS)

Platform Services

Common System ServicesLifec

ycle

To

ols / T

echn

olo

gie

s

Thin Client & Mobile

Cloud Services (PaaS)Desktop Cloud

Client SW (e.g. Virtualization)Operating Systems

DataApplications

StorageProvisioning & De-commissioning

criteria

Web, App, Database ...

Backup, Recovery

PaaS – Desktop Cloud Candidate

Operating Systems

Virtualization, Automation

Integ

ration

Svcs (H

W &

SW

)

Re

mote

Svcs

2

1

3 4

56

7

8 9

10

11 12 13

Cloud consumer (client) point of view

Example taken from IBM Intelligent Enterprise Architecture


Architecture Vision

BusinessArchitecture

Information Systems

Architecture

TechnologyArchitecture

Migration Planning

ImplementationGovernance

EADevelopment

& Maintenance

RequirementsManagement

Opportunities & Solutions

Assess PrinciplesBusiness scenarios & ReqsStrategic vs Tactical decisionsPotential solutionsInteroperability strategyData management approachStakeholder agreements

Cloud Reference ArchitectureBusiness Architecture reviewsSecurity architectureData security and assuranceData management Application architectures reviewsTRM -Cloud building blocksInfrastructure virtualization

Assess Cloud service availabilityAssess virtualization technology for Private CloudRevise financial modelRevise Charge-back modelsReview and revise acquisition and supplier management

Address significant changes to responsibility in Service Management and IT/Business relationship managementIncreasing role for AcquisitionComplex / Hybrid Cloud service integration governance

Plan transfer or relocation of services: IaaS, PaaS, Saas, BPaaSPlan for changing roles in IT Operations

Preliminary

Each phase of the Architecture Development Method should be augmented for Cloud Computing

Create strategy for CloudAssessment opportunitiesEngage with business – avoid rogue procurementsIdentify business and IT ownersDevelop and publish Cloud PolicyDefine/refine architecturesAssess need for greater commercial acumen in EA


Enterprise Architecture must continue to provide its strategic role in a Cloud context

Front-end decision support. Inform decisions about the desirability of a move to a cloud environment

What services should move to the cloud, and the appropriate deployment models

Analysis of existing business processes, services and resources through the lens of cloud characteristics and quality dimensions, such as elasticity, reliability, and security.

Cloud implementation planning support. EA provides the current inventory of services and the roadmap for deployment – what can go Cloud?.

As needs emerge solution architects must be provided with a view of what has been deployed already and what is planned for future deployment.

Enterprise context. Provide the plan for strategic Change Management at the Enterprise level

Create, publish and widely distribute the policy on Cloud Computing

Promote sharing and reuse of services and resources

Provide an enterprise view to ensure cloud decisions are optimized at the enterprise level

Ensure independent decisions on cloud-based point solutions are viewed in a broader context


IBM provides a wide range of services in support of cloud computing

• Virtualization Security Solutions from IBM Internet Security Systems

• IBM Software Support Services—Enhanced Technical Support

• IBM Managed Support Services—managed technical support

• IBM Software Support Services

• IBM Hardware Maintenance Services

• IBM Information Protection Services

• IBM Strategy and Change Services for Cloud Providers

• IBM Strategy and Change Services for Cloud Adoption

• IBM Infrastructure Strategy and Design Services for Cloud Computing

• IBM Resiliency Consulting Services

• IBM Data Center and Facilities Strategy Services—data center strategy and plan

• IBM Networking Strategy and Optimization

• IBM Application Development Services for Cloud

• IBM Data Center Family™ solutions—data center design services

• IBM Testing Services for Cloud

• IBM Security Services for Cloud

• Express managed email security and Express managed web security from IBM

Deliver Plan Build


IBM Cloud Portfolio

Server & Storage SystemsSystem X with new ex5 technology Power Systems - POWER7IBM zEnterprise System Scale-out NAS Storage Systems

Workload Optimized Systems IBM Cloudburst Cloud Service Providers Platform (CSP2) Smart Analytics System

Middleware WebSphere App. Server Hypervisor Edition WebSphere Cloudburst Appliance CastIron Appliance

Service Management & Security IBM Service Delivery Management Tivoli Service Automation Manager Virtual Server Security for VMWare

Development ToolingRational Software Delivery ServicesRational Asset Manager

Analytics Cognos Business Intelligence Neteeza

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

Platform-as-a-Service

Software-as-a-Service

Business Process-as-a-Service

• LotusLive

• IBM Smart Business offerings


Obrigado!

www.ibm.com/cloud

[email protected]

www.ibm.com/developerworks/blogs/page/ctaurion

www.computingonclouds.wordpress.com

@ctaurion

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AE Rio 2011 - Cezar Taurion Arquitetura de infra-estrutura Cloud