Advancing Net Zero and Beyond“Green Buildings for Everyone, Everywhere. Smart and Healthy within the 1.5 Degrees”

Ar Ada YS FUNG, BBSRegistered Architect, FHKIA, FCIOB, BEAM ProBoard Secretary and Director, World Green Building Council Director, Hong Kong Green Building CouncilChairperson, Committee on Building Information Modelling, Construction Industry CouncilPresident, Lighthouse Club (Hong Kong)President, Hong Kong Alliance of Built Asset & Environment Information Management Associations cum HK Chapter of buildingSMART InternationalFormer Deputy Director of HousingPassive & Low Energy Award (PLEA 2018 Awardee)

Advancing Net Zero Seminar cum Workshop. Hong Kong. 29 November 2019

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Sustainability

Our sector is crucial to delivering global goals

HealthyPositive impact on the health and well-being of inhabitants

Good businesshomeowners, occupiers, tenants demand green & healthy buildings

Great investmentsales premium from 1 to 30% green building investment = increased asset value

Green buildings improve our lives and bottom line

Our Strategy: drive sector impact

Net zero embodied carbon – definition and principles As a way of bringing greater clarity to our aims and objectives, WorldGBChas worked with our member GBCs and other valued partners to define net zero embodied carbon.

Net zero embodied carbon should be pursued as part of a whole lifecycle approach to carbon reduction that includes net zero operational carbon.

Our definition of net zero embodied carbon in practice: A net zero embodied carbon building (new or renovated) or infrastructure asset is highly resource efficient with upfront carbon minimised to the greatest extent possible and all remaining embodied carbon reduced or, as a last resort, offset in order to achieve net zero across the lifecycle.

When asked about trends GBCs reported climate change, energy transition and energy efficiency were key trends. This has led to a focus on existing building – retrofits as well as performance in operation. GBCs pointed to an increase in the supply of green products and a focus on the circular economy. The residential market is greening, starting with social and affordable housing and supported by green mortgages. GBCs are working collaboratively with government and in many countries 

incentives are being provided for green building. Technology is being used as an enabler for sustainability, especially amongthe millennials. There is a focus on healthy people, including air quality.

Carbon/energy efficiency Residential Supply chain

Government Finance PropTech

Trends presenting opportunities

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Take affordable housing as an example, the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HKHA) always has been striving to make rational use of resources, overcoming challenges, bringing passive and low carbon design, total quality, safety & health, sustainability from dreams to fruition. These cover process, products and people aspects.

“Green, Low Carbon and Sustainable” Case Study:Planning & Design for Sustainability of Quality Public Housing by Hong Kong Housing Authority

Human X Nature

Caring for PeopleCaring for Environment

Baseline performance - Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines & Statutory

Consult Stakeholders - other Government Departments, District Councils and Local community

Comprehensive approach – transport, car parking, community centre, social welfare, educational and commercial facilities, pedestrian circulation, local open spaces and landscaping etc.

2.1 Planning for People

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Public transport terminus and pick-up areas linked up with covered walkways and lift towers ….

Tactile Guide Path System at strategic locations of housing estates to lead people to domestic blocks

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(a) Planning for People

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2.2 Designing for People with Nature in Mind

1. Ensure public health and safety, living in comfort and convenience2. Host of Technical studies helping designers to integrate passive design

elements holistically and refine the estate layout and building disposition

3. A balanced design assuring social, economic and environmental sustainability, maximizing development potential, fast tracking the delivery of public housing

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(b) Designing for People with Nature in Mind

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Project Life CycleFeasibility

Studies and Conceptual

Layout

Scheme Design and Project

Budget

Site Inspection and

Acceptance

Detailed Design and

SpecificationTender Construction

(Foundation)Construction

(Building)Maintenance

PeriodFinal

Account

• Technical Studies for Potential/New Housing Sites1. Air Ventilation Assessment2. Microclimate Studies3. Retail Viability Study4. Project Feasibility Studies5. Architectural Feasibility Studies6. Site Potential Studies7. Visual Impact Assessment8. Heritage Impact Assessment9. Ecological Assessment10. Land Use Studies11. Planning and Engineering Study12. Environmental Assessment Study13. Air Quality Objectives Assessment

14. Odour Assessment15. Chimney Emission Impact Assessment16. Traffic Impact Assessment17. Drainage Impact Assessment18. Sewerage Impact Assessment19. Land Decontamination Study20. Ground Assessment21. Natural Terrain Hazardous Study22. Potentially Hazardous Installations 

Assessment23. Tree Survey24. Condition Survey for Existing Building25. Land Surveying26. Archeological Study

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IMPLEMENTING CARBON EMISSION ESTIMATION (CEE) SINCE

2011/12(SHEET 1 OF 4)• In 2010, the HKSAR issued a Consultation Document

proposing a reduction in carbon intensity of at least 50% - 60% by 2020 (2005 as baseline).

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• A straight forward and pragmatic methodology to control the embodied carbon emission of building materials and building operational carbon emission.

• Life-cycle carbon emission for major construction materials and building operations from cradle to grave.

Aspect Embracing

I : Materials Consumed During Construction

Timber formwork for substructure & superstructure Steel formwork for superstructure

II : Materials for Building Structure

Concrete for substructure & superstructure Steel for substructure & superstructure

III : Communal Building Services Installations

Lighting, Lift, Water Supply, Security, CABD, A/C & Ventilation, Fire Services, Electrical Distribution System

IV : Renewable Energy Solar and/or wind powered system

V : Trees Planting Trees taller than 5m

VI : Demolition Dismantling of building Transportation of building debris from site to landfill

SIX ASPECTS IN CEE MODEL FOR BUILDING LIFE OF

100 YEARS(SHEET 2 OF 4)

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Total Carbon Emission (Sheet 3 of 4)

IMaterials

ConsumedDuring

Construction

IIMaterials

for Structure

IIICommunal 

BS Installations

VIDemolition

IVRenewable

Energy

VTrees

Planting

Total Carbon Emission = I + II + III – IV – V + VI

Aspect IV and Aspect V are “Green” aspects contributing to “carbon-reduction” and“carbon-absorption” effect.

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Aspects

Block Comparison Estate Comparison

NH1 (Benchmark) Sheung Shui Project

Kai Tak 1A(Benchmark) Sheung Shui Project

CO2 Emission (kg)[Percentage of Total

CO2 Emission]

I 372,418[0.7%]

332,859[0.9%]

3,517,203[1.1%]

740,079[0.9%]

II 17,324,483[33.4%]

14,819,282[38.0%]

116,912,499[35.7%]

32,043,637[38.2%]

III 33,737,071[64.9%]

23,998,491[61.5%]

209,364,438[63.9%]

51,630,412[61.6%]

IV 0[0%]

-571,025[-1.5%]

-4,111,380[-1.3%]

-1,142,050[-1.4%]

V 0[0%]

0[0%]

-797,947[-0.2%]

-388,700[-0.5%]

VI 527,120[1.0%]

462,000[1.2%]

2,738,736[0.8%]

981,200[1.2%]

Total 51,961,093[100%]

39,041,606[100%]

327,623,549[100%]

83,864,578[100%]

Number of Flat 799 639 5,204 1,358

Gross Floor Area (GFA) (m2) 33,078 27,722 212,886 58,774

Construction Floor Area (CFA) (m2) 36,686 30,223 232,752 64,029

CO2/Flat (kg/Flat) 65,033(100%)

61,098(93.9%)

62,956(100%)

61,756(98.2%)

CO2/GFA (kg/m2) 1,571(100%)

1,408(89.6%)

1,524(100%)

1,427(93.6%)

CO2/CFA (kg/m2) 1,416(100%)

1,292(91.2%)

1,408(100%)

1,310(93.0%)

BENCHMARKING (SHEET 4 OF 4)

Carbon emission below the Benchmark

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Implement ISO 50001 EnMS (Sheet 1

of 3)

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COMPARISON OF CARBON EMISSION% OF THE 6 ASPECTS(Kai Tak Site 1A)CARBON EMISSION (%)

Based on the CEE Model,communal building services installations is the biggest portion of carbon emission

An Energy Management System (EnMS) to ensure the energy efficiency of communal building services installations

In 2014, further reduce 10% energy consumption by lowering the Energy performance Indicator from the original 30 kWh/m² to 27 kWh/m²

ISO50001 EnMS (Sheet 2 of 3)

• Provide a systematic framework to verify the energy performance of communal building services installation designs

• Verified by actual energy measurements taken after mass tenant intake

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Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs)

Year 2012 2013 2014

EnPI 30 kWh/m² 30 kWh/m² 27 kWh/m²

Objective Target Action Time Frame

To reduce energyuse andconsumption incommunal areaof domesticblocks

Achieve areductionequivalent to10% of the 2011energy base linevalue by 2014

Energy certificates PV panel systems 2-level lighting control

systems

2012-2014(on-going)

Optimized lighting designs

Lift regenerative power for 18kW or above

Gearless lift

2014(on-going)

LED bulkheads 2015

Energy Objectives, Targetsand Action Plans

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ISO50001 ENMS (SHEET 3 OF 3)

GREEN PEACE’S FIGURES IN 2010

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According to Green Peace’s press release in June 2010, the annual electricity consumption of communal areas per domestic flat of the some private domestic premises are as follows –

Private Estates kWh per flat per year

Manhattan Hill 6,834

One Beacon Hill 6,725

The Pacifica 4,359

Aqua Marine 3,409

Central Park 3,294

Island Harbourview 3,127

Housing Authority PRH 807(Green Peace’s figure, 2010)

678(HA’s figure, existing building, 2013/14)

596 (HA’s figure, new building design, 2013/14)

Average energy consumption of building services installations in communal areas designed within the year (i.e. energy estimation). These figures are:

2013/14 25.1 kWh/m2/Annum (target: 30)2014/15 24.3 kWh/m2/Annum (target: 27)2015/16 24.1 kWh/m2/Annum (target: 27)2016/17 22.8 kWh/m2/Annum (target: 24)2017/18 22.04 kWh/m2/Annum (target: 24)

CONVERSION

Corridors for the WIND

To Enhance Wind :

• Two wind corridors 

• Large building separation 

• Orientation  of blocks in parallel with prevailing wind direction

• Ground floor empty bays 

30m W

ind corridor  

SW Summer wind

Annual East wind

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Average wind speed at pedestrian level 

• ranges from 1.2 to 3.1 m/s under summer South‐west wind.

• around 2.5 m/s under annual East wind. 

SW Summer windAnnual East wind

Comparing with a baseline scheme, the design results   37.8% improvement in wind velocity ratio within the development.

Computer Simulation on Wind Performance

View from the East

• Standard flat modules were adopted in the block design facilitating pre‐fabricated products, reducing construction waste and pollution.

• Rotational symmetry in the layout of typical domestic floors was adopted for easier construction.  

• BIM was used for clash detection prior to construction for minimizing abortive works and maximizing accuracy in material ordering.

• Fair face off‐form finishes with paint to exterior and with tile/paint to interior.

• Minimize wet trades on site by prefabrication.

BIM as Design Tool  

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1 or 2  Person Flat 

2 or 3 Person Flat

1‐Bedroom Flat

2‐Bedroom Flat

BIM ClashAnalysis for Wet Market Design 

BIM coordination

HKHA has developed Carbon Emission Estimation tool.   In estimating CO2 emission of buildings, we focus on the CO2emission associated with major construction materials and building operations for a building life of 100 years .

• Total green planting area over 14,000 m2 toreduce heat island effect.

• 327 bicycle parking spaces are provided in theestate to encourage green living.

• Green Corners are provided at G/F EntranceLobby of every domestic block and EstateManagement Office.

Carbon Emission 

CO2  emission of Hung Fuk Estate is compared against a BEAM Platinum Benchmark Estate (Kai Tak Site 1A), none of the aspects are exceeded. 

Green Initiatives

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98% 100% 95%

54%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

per Flat per GFA per CFA per Site Area

100 %Benchmark Kai Tak Site 1A

%of CO

2 Em

ission 

of Kai Tak site 1A

A Weather‐proof Open Air Public Transport InterchangeCourtyard design not only brings breeze effectively,it also enhances air movement downstreamhelping the dispersal of pollutant from buses bynatural means.

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Roof cover design allows natural ventilation, penetration of natural lighting and provides shelter in wet weather

SAFE 

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Design for Safety : Caring for Workers & End Users

Space for BS maintenance

Strengthened Parapets to fix gondola

Easy maintenance for A/C Provide railing to all roof

Providing Easy and Safe Access for Maintenance and Cleansing Personnel – Upper Roof

Cat Ladder - provided and located awayfrom edge of building

Steel Stair

Upper Roof withSafe Access

Suspended Steel Service Platform

An Integrated Example – Safe Access to Upper Roof

Permanent anchorage to access lift pit

Healthy Living for People, Easy to Build & Easy to Maintain 

Standard Fittings and Design for Easy Maintenance• Concrete Staircase to provide safe access to upper roof• Twin Water Tank System to provide uninterrupted water

supply to tenants when one of the compartments is beingcleaned

• W‐Trap System to avoid drying up water seal to prevent the spread of disease, waste water from wash basin/ shower is directed to replenish the common W‐trap connected to the floor drain

• Stainless Steel Water Pipes are used in common areas

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Precast facade

Concrete stair for maintenance  access to upper roof Twin Water Tank System

Simple Fitting and Design in Typical Lift Lobby

W‐Trap System for Healthy Living         

Volumetric Precast 

Bathroom

S.S Water Pipe

Precast Fabrication• 30% by volume of concrete is precast components including volumetric bathroom, façade,

staircase, semi‐precast slab and additional precast elements proposed by Contractor

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Smart Use of MaterialsTransfer of C&D Waste Materials• Established an inventory on quantities of C&D materials

available from each site.• Facilitate bulk transfer between HA’s contracts.• Over 80,000 tonnes of C&D waste have since been

reduced. Use of Recycle Materials• Marine mud• recycled glass &

aggregates• bore-logs• GGBS• recycled excavation rock

materials

3R Principle

Planning & Design

Demolition

Recycle

Reuse

Reduce

Reuse Demolished Materials

[1] All of the granites (1565 nos.) from demolished street planters were reused as finishes material for planter wall, fence wall and landscape paving, reducing landfill burden

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Demolished Roadside Planters

Reuse Materials from Construction Site

Reuse of granites as pavers

[2] Building materials such as concrete tiles, steel frames, precast volumetric bathroom & precast façade mock‐up were reused as educational displays in Recycle Garden  

Reuse of granites as planters

Reuse of tiles in Recycle Garden

Reuse of precast  components in Recycle Garden

Reduce Construction Wastes Reduction of 37,376 kg CO2emission by site batching plant

1. Pay for environmental and site hygiene scheme was allowed in the Main Contract encouraging the implementation of environmental protection measures.

2. Use of precast concrete components, mechanized construction, steel hoarding to reduce construction waste. 

3. Site offices were built by reusable components.

4. 5,365m2 precast concrete slab was reused as haul road hard paving in construction sites.

5. Concrete batching plant was installed on site for supplying concrete 

6. The use of metal formworks was maximized and timber formworks were reused as far as possible.  

7. Existing plants from demolished street planters were transplanted to site office and hoarding for greening purpose. 

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Sorting Inert Waste

Recycling Bins

Green Hoarding

On‐site Batching Plant 

Wheel Washing 

Green Site Office 

Haul Road

Recycle Waste Water 

Metal Formwork

Solar tubes in Site Office

Solar tubes in Site Office

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2.2 Designing for People with Nature in Mind

A balanced design assuring social, economic and environmental sustainability of public housing

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Outcome : Happy, Healthy, Satisfied Residents

Safety Health Security

Well‐being Comfort Convenience

Green Building Leadership (2015/16)

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Key Performance Indices• 34% less costly than private sector• 30% less construction waste• 75% lower accident rates

We Care• We care for the environment• We care for the people: 

• Together we build a sustainable and harmonious community

Please take a look at our sustainability videohttp://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/hdw/video/videoshell_Environmental_corporate_Cant.html

Our Core Values: Caring, Customer‐focused, Creative, Committed以人為本

Air QualityNoise ControlGreen Materials

Control of HazardousMaterials

Estate Greening and Landscaping

Green Activities

Waste ManagementMicro-climate Studies

Staff Development and Participation

Operation with Cost-Effectiveness

Engaging Various Parties

Water Conservation

Sustainable Living Environment

Enhancing Estate Management & Services

Safety PerformancePublic Health & Hygiene

Housing Rent PolicyResource Optimization

Financial Performance Energy and Carbon Emissions

Biodiversity

Environmental

Social

Economic

Please read our Sustainability Reporthttp://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/mini‐site/hasr1415/common/index.html

• Customer satisfaction index rises, with max. of 98.1%

Thank You!

Back up slides

The opportunity we embrace

• Improving building efficiency represents one of the most affordable and effective ways to cut carbon emissions

• Green, sustainable buildings have reduced energy costs, water costs, waste, and other associated impacts

• They improve internal comfort conditions and therefore staff productivity • The number of building owners reporting expected increase in asset value of

green buildings of more than 10% has been risen from 16% to 30% since 2012• Investors demonstrating responsible investment are seeking portfolio risk mitigation 

strategies • Accelerated energy efficiency and a shift away from fossil fuels will achieve net

zero emissions in the sector before 2050

Source: Dodge Data and Analytics, World Green Building Trends 2018

LARGE SCALE

RESPONSE

OUTCOME FOCUSED

ROADMAPTO NET ZERO

INFLUENCEOTHERS

The Net Zero Carbon Buildings Commitment

LEADERSHIP