7/31/2019 Adm. Func
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Management in all business and human organization activity is
the act of getting people
together to accomplish desired goals and objectives.
Management is creative problem solving. This creative problem
solving is accomplishedthrough four functions of management:
planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The
intended result is the use of an organization's resources in a
way that accomplishes its
mission and objectives.The organisation I have chosen is
Britania Allied Industries. Britania Allied Industries is
as a result of the emergence of Britania Products and Britania
Foods in 2002.Britania Products (U) Ltd. was set up in 1992 as a
small unit for manufacturing biscuits andbread. A confectionery
unit was added to this in 1998. To utilize the abundant natural
resources of fruits and vegetables in the country, Britania
Foods (U) Ltd., a modern fruit and
vegetable processing unit blossomed into existence in mid
1995.
The Corporate Office and the factory remained in Ntinda
Industrial Area in Kampala, acontributory factor being the land
owned by the company and available for expansion.
The years 2003 to 2006 saw tremendous growth for the company.
Britannia allied Industries Ltd
has five separate plants for production of biscuits,
confectionery, powders, fruit juice and
drinking water. The Powder section was added in 2005 and the
Mineral Water plant startedproduction in 2006. Additional
capacities were installed in the biscuits, confectionery and
foods plants. The confectionery section consists of sweets and
chewing gum sections.The company also achieved UNBS (Uganda
National Bureau of Standards) certification for
most of its products. Continuously for the last 3 years the
company has been the recipient
of the Presidents Export Award for the best Confectionery
Exporter.Britania Allied Industries managers have used different
ways of motivating their
employees.
Motivation can be defined as the development of a desire within
an employee to perform a
task to his/her greatest ability based on that individuals own
initiative (Rudolf andKleiner, 1989, p. 1)
Many theories have been put forward to explain ways in which
employees can bemotivated in an organisation. These include:
Abraham Maslows theory proposed that human beings had different
levels of needs in a
particular order. He identified five levels of needs in order of
hierarchy. The most basicneeds are the biological and physiological
needs. At the top is the need for self-
actualization which Maslow defines as growth motivation and
calls it the Being Need.
Another theory that was developed was called the
motivation-hygiene theory or Herzberg
theory. It was Frederick Herzberg that developed this theory in
1923. This theory said thatthere are certain factors in an
organization that directly motivate employees to work harder.
These are the motivational factors. On the other hand there are
factors that are important to
be present in the organization. If these factors are not
present, they will de-motivate theemployees. But these factors will
not contribute to motivating the employees There are a
number of other concepts put forward by many thinkers, the brief
outlines of which may
help understand the dynamics of employee motivation in
organisational context. Here areafew examples: Burrhus Frederic
Skinner (1953) believes that behaviours of employees
leading to positive outcomes are repeated and those resulting in
negative outcomes are not
repeated. Managersshould take a lesson from it and reinforce
behaviours that result in
positive outcomes. Victor Vroom (1964) states that employee
motivation is directly
