Additives and their role in achieving emissions reduction and compliance27 November 2020 • 09:00-09:45 GMT

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Marine FuelsWebinar Week

Part of

23-27 November 2020Panellist documents

Page 2: Joshua Townley, InnospecPage 13: Idris Talib, AdercoPage 20: Julian Mcintyre, ArqPage 27: Matt Fazakerley, Croda Europe

FUTURE MARINE FUELS –A FRESH APPROACH FOR ADDITIVESJoshua Townley, Market Specialist Marine

A DIFFERENT MAKEUP

Aromatics – Similar benzene ring structures. Asphaltenes can remain stable when surrounded by an aromatic portion (Resins, Aromatics) over extended time periods however, in the presence of a significant paraffin mixture, the Asphaltenes begin to ‘agglomerate’; growing larger to form sludge in tanks, or attributing to poor combustion. Octamar™ HF products target and protect vulnerable Asphaltenes

Paraffinic – straight chain hydrocarbons, often from secondary refinery streams. Paraffins are prone to rapid oxidation when heated, or drop out as wax in low temperatures. Octamar™ HF products prevent oxidisation and stabilise these components for a more homogenous fuel

Typical blend ratios of modern residual marine fuels show a much higher proportion of the saturate (paraffinic) component in combination with aromatics, which are structurally dissimilar, causing separation and instability.

Residual Marine Fuel - Composition

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

HSFO VLSFO

%

Asphaltenes Resins Aromatics Saturates

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

0-0.02 0.02-0.04 0.04-0.06 0.06-0.08 0.08-0.1 0.1-0.12 0.12-0.14 0.14-0.16 0.18-0.2 >0.2

Freq

uenc

y

TSP (%M/M)

TSP VS. ISSUES

Asphaltenes

Asphaltenes

Octamar™

Diluted Aromatics

Diluted Aromatics

SN = 14.5, Poor Asphaltene stability SN = 0.1, Excellent Asphaltene stabilityBase Fuel Fuel + Octamar™

RESIDUAL AGING

DETERGENCY - CLEAN-UP & KEEP CLEANBefore After

BOOST FLEET PERFORMANCEOctamar™ Ultra HF

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

44

4.38

4.76

5.14

5.52 5.

96.

286.

667.

047.

42 7.8

8.18

8.56

8.94

9.32 9.

710

.08

10.4

610

.84

11.2

211

.611

.98

12.3

612

.74

13.1

213

.513

.88

14.2

614

.64

15.0

215

.415

.78

16.1

616

.54

16.9

217

.317

.68

ROHR

(bar

/ms)

Time (ms)

VLSFO Fuel Quality Boost

Base Fuel

Fuel + Octamar™ Ultra HF

Octamar™ Ultra HF - Performance ImprovementECN Estimated Cetane Number 7 %MCP Main Combustion Period 10 %EMC End of Main Combustion 5 %ABP After Burning Period 5 %

880

900

920

940

960

980

1000

1020

1040

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

BFO

C (g

/kW

hr)

Time (100 hrs)

BSFC (Break Specific Fuel Consumption) using Innospec Detergency

DETERGENCY - OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE

Technologies found in

• Octamar™ HF-10 PLUS

• Octamar™ Ultra HF

• Octamar™ LI-5 PLUS

100+ fuel and fuel blends tested with >90 % improvement in SN

Lowest reliable dose rate, for the best results at the lowest treat rate per tonne

Concentration Treat rateOctamar™ HF-10 PLUS 66 ppm 1 litre doses 15,000 litres

Other additives 166 ppm and above 1 litre doses < 6,000 litres

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

SN (S

eper

abili

ty N

umbe

r)

PPM (Parts Per Million)

Octamar™ HF-10 PLUS

Other Suppliers'Additives

SN = 3, Stability Benchmark

RESIDUAL AGING

FUEL EFFICIENCY - STARTS IN THE STORAGE TANK

INNOSPEC

Know-how and expertise with synergies between applications

Broad portfolio of technologies with growing relevance for theMarine industry

– Cold Flow Improvers

– Bio-Fuel Stabilisers

– etc.

R&T-Capabilities to respond to market needs

The worlds largest fuel specialist covering multiple industries

THANK YOU!

Marine Fuel Webinar

Additives and their role in achieving emission reduction & compliance

Riviera Maritime Media, 27th November 2020By Idris Talib

Technical Manager Asia & Pacific Aderco Singapore

©2020 Aderco · www.aderco.com

ADERCO Brief Introduction

Founded 40 years ago, Aderco is a specialist manufacturer of industrial fuel treatments. Pioneer in the surfactant based technology.

©2020 Aderco · www.aderco.com

Our Dynamic

• Aderco has advised on more than 170 bad fuel cases in the last 10 months.

• Majority of the cases with fuels viscosity below 60 cSt. These fuels are mostly paraffinic.

• Varied Total Sedimentation Potential (TSP) of the fuels with up to 1.0 % m/m in the most extreme case

Fuel StructureJanuary 2020, Fuel Laboratories expectations: 20% of VLSFO might cause extensive operational issues.

• Fuel stability and compatibility;• Cat Fines in the blends;• High pour point;• Uncertainty in blend components;• Fuel issues, even within specs.

Nowadays, reported issues remain around 10 to 15%,as reported by the latest BIMCO survey.Source: BIMCO, 2020 Fuel Oil and Safety Survey Report, (2020).

• The surfactant action of Aderco molecule is purely physical.• Attracted to polarity. Seeks, neutralises and stabilises. • Highly effective and efficient – only 18ppm (1 litre treats 55,000 litres).

Surfactant non-ionic technology – not charged

©2020 Aderco · www.aderco.com

Aderco 2055G Molecule & Micelle

0.41

0.27

0.21

0.03

0.120.1

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

TSP TSA TSE

TSP/TSA/TSEUntreated Treated with Aderco 2055G

• Collected samples from clients to test for stability of the fuels

• One fuel was chosen for further test based on the specification of low viscosity (

• Fuel was chosen based on viscosity

©2020 Aderco · www.aderco.com

Julian McIntyre, CEO27th November 2020Marine Fuel Evolution

Making natural resources go further...

Arq.com ⎯ slide 2

“The challenge now is for collective action - to embrace the technological and management reforms that can both reduce risk and the environmental footprint of mining.”

United Nations Environment Programme 2017 report on Mine Tailings Storage

Mine site in Pennsylvania

Mine site in West VirginiaMine site in Kentucky

Mine site in South Africa

Addressing a global environmental problem

Arq Fuel™ - a microfine hydrocarbon Average particle size < 3 microns (μm)

Bacteria1 micron (μm)

Fine mist10 micron (μm)

Hair follicle100 micron (μm)

Flea1 millimetre (mm)1,000 micron (μm)

Pencil1 centimetre (cm)10,000 micron (μm)

Arq produces a microfine hydrocarbon powder which is blended with existing oil products

Arq.com ⎯ slide 3

Introducing Arq Fuel™

Benefits of partnering with Arq to drive innovation

2. Extending fleet life by using a fuel with a significantly lower full-cycle environmental impact

Arq.com ⎯ slide 4

Arq offers a significant early competitive advantage through:

3. No modifications needed to supply chain or marine engines

4. Near term commercial global availability

1. An innovative alternative that substantially lowers costs of bunker fuels

Environmental Problem

Arq.com ⎯ slide 5

Reclaiming industrial waste & restoring the environment

Arq’s purpose is to make better productive use of the world’s scarce natural resources by reclaiming waste material from industrial sites and restoring land to productive communal or agricultural use

Arq site 2020 Concept for productive future land use

Arq.com ⎯ slide 6

Environmental credentials

On a barrel for barrel basis, Arq reduces environmental impacts by over 40% using the European Commission’s Joint Research Council’s weighting methodology

Global warming potential

Kg per bbl CO2 eq

78

69Arq

RFO12% better

Fine particulate matter formation

g PM2.5 eq

239

14539% better

Arq

RFO

Water consumption dm3

939

16982% better

Arq

RFO

Naturalresource scarcity

kg oil eq

194

2289% better

Arq

RFO

Global Marketing & Sales Partner

Arq.com ⎯ slide 7

Global partnership network

Technical Cooperation Partner

Commercial Development Partners

Arq partners with industry leaders to deliver scalable customer solutions

1

ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

Install exhaust gas cleaning systems.

Switch to marine distillate fuels

Switch to very low sulphur fuel oil

(VLSFO)

Use alternative fuels (LNG, methanol,

LPG…)

THE WAY FORWARD – A MULTI FUEL FUTURE

ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES Smart Science to Improve LivesTM

STABILITYThe resistance of the fuel to

precipitate asphaltenic sludge, under stressed conditions.

COMPATIBILITYThe ability of two fuels to form

a stable mix when commingled.

THE BIG ISSUES…

3

ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

STABILITY

• Total Sediment Tests (ISO 10307)• Reserve Stability Number (ASTM D7061)• Cleanliness spot test (ASTM D4740)• Automated stability analyser: P-Ratio (ASTM D 7060)

4

ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

COMPATIBILITY

• Compatibility Spot test (ASTM D 4740)

• Compatibility model: ASTM D7060

Unstable ratios Stable ratios

5

ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

SUMMARY

IMO 2020 has created challenges

Global variation in fuels and performance testing

Additives have the ability to both improve stability and improve compatibility

Demonstrated additive performance in a range of tests

Joshua Townley, InnospecIdris Talib, AdercoJulian McIntyre, ArqMatt Fazakerley, Croda Europe