ADA.org: Academy of Operative Dentistry Response 2015

Supplemental Documentation

In support of the Application for Recognition as an Interest Area of General Dentistry

By the Academy of Operative Dentistry

Background

General Dentistry is defined by the American Dental Association (ADA) as, “the evaluation,

diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical, surgical or related procedures) of diseases,

disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity, maxillofacial area and/or the adjacent and

associated structures and their impact on the human body; provided by a dentist, within the scope

of his/her education, training and experience, in accordance with the ethics of the profession and

applicable law. (As adopted by the 1997 ADA House of Delegates).” An interest area in general

dentistry is, “a well-defined body of evidence-based scientific and clinical knowledge underlying

general dentistry, but is a more focused, complex and distinct field identified by advanced

knowledge, techniques and procedures.” Furthermore, “Today’s rapidly emerging technologies

and science are providing more sophisticated and complex solutions to problems encountered in

general dentistry. The advances are changing and enhancing the dental practice environment.

Recognizing this, the 2010 ADA House of Delegates adopted Criteria for Recognition of Interest

Areas in General Dentistry.”

The Academy of Operative Dentistry (AOD) defines Operative Dentistry as the field of general

dentistry that deals with the management of teeth, by direct or indirect means that are defective

through disease, trauma, wear, and/or abnormal development, or are unesthetic, to a state of

normal form, function, health, and appearance. The practice of dentistry in this area requires a

wide range of knowledge, from diagnosis, disease processes and prevention, and minimally

invasive clinical approaches; to biomaterials and other dental science disciplines as they apply to

this distinct and unique interest area limited to the hard calcified tissues of the oral cavity.

Believing that Operative Dentistry meets the criteria that the ADA has established for

recognition of interest areas of general dentistry, The AOD has submitted an application for

ADA recognition as such an interest area.

In considering the Academy of Operative Dentistry’s application for recognition as an Interest

Area of General Dentistry, the Council on Dental Education and Licensure (CDEL) felt that the

application met Criteria 3, 4, and parts of 5; but failed to meet Criteria 1, 3, and parts of 5.

Concerning Criterion 1, it was determined that the application did not document that Operative

Dentistry was“in large part distinct from, or more detailed than, that of other areas of general dentistry

education and practice.” The Council also determined that “documentation presented did not sufficiently

describe how scientific dental knowledge in the area is substantive and distinct from other general

dentistry areas, such as predoctoral dental education.

Concerning Criterion 2, it was determined that “the body of knowledge described in the

application is not a distinct education area in general dentistry, but rather a series of one or more

techniques that are also included in pre-doctoral dental education, advanced general dentistry

education and general practice residency educational programs.” Furthermore, “The Council also

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determined that the referenced journals/texts do not identify specific advanced techniques and

procedures unique to the proposed general dentistry interest area.”

Concerning Criterion 5, it was determined that, “bullets 3-5 under the elements to be addressed

have been met.” However, “the body of knowledge described in the application is not a distinct

education area in general dentistry, but rather a series of one or more techniques that are

currently included in predoctoral dental education, advanced general dentistry education and/or

general practice residency educational programs.”

Discussion

General Response.

The advanced expertise in Operative Dentistry that can be achieved when pursuing an Operative

Graduate Program is currently taught in 9 programs with 2 or 3 year curricula. Since the original

application for recognition as an interest area of general dentistry, two additional graduate

residency programs in Operative Dentistry have enrolled their first residents: one at Tufts

University and the other at the University of Southern California. Operative Dentistry programs

emphasize the philosophy of minimally invasive dentistry and provide higher development of

scientific knowledge, critical thinking and advanced clinical skills to perform long lasting high

quality conservative and esthetic procedures, providing the patient with affordable tooth-

preserving treatment. In many instances this type of treatment can’t be provided by any other

specialists or by general practitioners, who do not have the advanced training, expertise and

specific clinical skills required. This formal residency training provides the operative dentist

with the following skills that distinguish them from the general dentist:

Extensive scientific and clinical knowledge in bonding, esthetic concepts and biomaterials

that provide the clinician the ability to deliver highly challenging restorative and esthetic

treatments in a conservative way that is more affordable and beneficial in preserving tooth

structure. Often when a higher level of expertise is needed, general dentists and specialists

refer patients to operative dentists for treatment that is not taught during dental school or

other residency programs. Also, operative dentists teach and lead the profession as faculty at

almost all ADA accredited dental schools and through continuing education courses based on

these topics.

Graduates from programs in Operative Dentistry not only have the training to teach the

bonding of direct and indirect restorations to the pre-doctoral level but many also conduct

research in the area of adhesive dentistry which advances the scientific knowledge and

improves material properties. Graduating Operative Dentistry residents extend their

knowledge of adhesives to other dental schools and advanced programs around the USA and

the world.

Graduates in Operative Dentistry have a pivotal role in the development and clinical

application of minimal invasive dentistry including caries risk assessment, non-surgical

management of caries through remineralization, infiltrative and caries inhibitory techniques,

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and tooth preserving caries removal. Operative dentists are the leaders in translating the

current research in Cariology into clinical applications and education.

Numerous Operative Dentistry graduates are recognized as pioneers and leaders in the dental

profession within the USA as well as around the world. Operative Dentistry leaders have

developed scientific evidence in the areas of bonding, composite resins, bleaching

procedures, glass ionomers, minimal invasive dentistry, modern management of caries, etc.

Operative dentists are involved in the development of new materials and serve as key opinion

leaders for industry and dental education.

During dental school training pre-doctoral dental students learn basic skills in Operative

Dentistry as well as basic skills in all the specialty areas of dentistry such as: Periodontics,

Endodontics, Oral Surgery, Pediatric Dentistry, Prosthodontics, etc. Recognized specialty

programs are necessary to gain advanced scientific knowledge and training in advanced

clinical procedures since dental school curriculum does not include the development of these

advanced skills. This is also true for Operative Dentistry. Residency educated operative

dentists collaborate with specialists to provide subgingival restorations, periodontal splinting,

non-vital bleaching, complex restoration of endodontically treated teeth, guidance on implant

placement, implant supported restorations, a variety of pediatric restorative procedures, core

buildups, resin bonding materials and techniques, crown repair, creating space by re-

contouring teeth, closing space with direct resin restorations, and detection of early carious

lesions and risk based remineralization treatment.

Dental school faculties are encouraged to have specialty training. The following statement is

an example of the expectations that one institution, the University of Iowa, has for their

Operative Dentistry faculty: “All full time faculty in the Department of Operative Dentistry

at Iowa have advance training in Operative Dentistry. We firmly believe that each field of

dentistry is best taught by those with advanced training in that particular domain. These

faculty are recognized for their teaching, research and clinical expertise. This is evident in the

large number of articles published in leading peer-reviewed journals, the research

presentations at national meetings, and in the many continuing education courses given both

nationally and internationally by the faculty. Many of the faculty have served or are serving

in leadership roles in dentistry, both locally and nationally. All of the faculty in the

department are active in private patient care and many are involved with basic, translational

and clinical research.”

The philosophy of Caries Management By Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) is an evidence-

based approach to preventing or treating dental caries at the earliest stages that has been

developed and put forward by operative dentists. Caries protective factors are biologic or

therapeutic measures that can be used to prevent or arrest the pathologic challenges posed by

the caries risk factors. CAMBRA has become a very important tool for the restorative team

to provide proper comprehensive management of dental caries.

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Data concerning the post-doctoral residency programs in Operative Dentistry is summarized

below and included in the ADEA Table that is enclosed:

1. There are currently 9 Operative Dentistry programs graduating fully trained operative

dentists in the United States:

Boston University Indiana University

Nova University Tufts University

The University of California The University of Iowa

at Los Angeles The University of Michigan

The University of North Carolina The University of Southern California

2. The programs are either 2 or 3 years in length, and award either a degree (MS or MSD)

or certificate.

3. These graduate programs are staffed by 30 full time faculty and 20 part time faculty.

4. 25 faculty have an advanced degree or certificate in Operative Dentistry

5. 8 Post-doctoral program faculty are Board Certified in Operative Dentistry

6. There are 122 residents enrolled in these programs in 2015.

7. In the last 5 years, these programs have awarded masters degrees or certificates to 88

graduates.

8. Faculty of these programs are members of:

The American Dental Association

The Conference of Operative Dentistry Educators (CODE)

The Academy of Operative Dentistry

The American Academy of Restorative Dentistry

The American Dental Education Association (ADEA)

The ADEA Sections on Cariology, Operative Dentistry, and Biomaterials

The American and International Associations for Dental Research (AADR/IADR)

The Dental Materials and Cariology Sections of the AADR/IADR

The Academy of Dental Materials

The Academy of CAD/CAM Dentistry

The Society for Color and Appearance in Dentistry

The American Academy of Gold Foil Operators

The Academy of R. V. Tucker Study Club

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9. The Directors of Operative Dentistry post-doctoral programs meet as a group at the

Conference of Operative Dentistry Educators, the Academy of Operative Dentistry, the

American Dental Education Association, and/or American Association of Dental

Research annual meetings.

Specific Response.

In specific response to the concerns regarding Criterion 1, two issues need to be addressed:

1. The ways in which Operative Dentistry is distinct from other areas of general dentistry

and the degree to which it is distinct from other general dentistry areas, such as “pre-

doctoral dental education.”

2. The substantial extent and distinctive nature of scientific knowledge concerning

Operative Dentistry.

In response to the concerns regarding Criterion 2, three issues need to be addressed;

1. The distinct nature of the Operative Dentistry education area in general dentistry.

2. The conclusion that Operative Dentistry is, “a series of one or more techniques that are

also included in pre-doctoral dental education, advanced general dentistry education and

general practice residency educational programs.”

3. The determination by the Council that, “the referenced journals/texts do not identify

specific advanced techniques and procedures unique to the proposed general dentistry

interest area.”

In response to the concerns regarding Criterion 5, two areas need to be addressed:

1. The distinct nature of the body of knowledge in Operative Dentistry as it relates to s

distinct education area in general dentistry.

2. The position of the council that education in Operative Dentistry is a series of one or

more techniques that are currently included in predoctoral dental education, advanced

general dentistry education, and/or general practice residency educational programs.

In looking at these seven concerns, it seems that answering the following four questions will

address them all:

1. What makes Operative Dentistry, and the body of knowledge and education associated

with it, distinct from other areas of general dentistry?

2. Is there a significant breadth to the body of knowledge concerning Operative Dentistry?

3. Are there specific techniques and procedures unique to Operative Dentistry?

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4. Are the techniques of Operative Dentistry part of the pre-doctoral or PGY 1 and/or 2

general dentistry programs curricula in dental schools?

By addressing these four questions, it is hoped that the Council will come to understand why

Operative Dentistry, should be recognized as an area of interest in General Dentistry.

What makes Operative Dentistry, and the body of knowledge and education associated

with it, distinct from other areas of general dentistry?

The scope and body of knowledge of the interest area.

One key aspect of Operative Dentistry that sets it apart for other areas of general dentistry is

that the scope of Operative Dentistry is limited to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of

the hard tissues of the oral cavity, specifically the enamel and dentin tissues of the teeth.

This includes the scientific study of dental caries as an infectious disease, and the

development of techniques and materials to treat and prevent dental caries. Specialty areas

of dentistry, such as Periodontics and Endodontics, have focused on specific tissues of the

oral cavity such as the soft tissues of the periodontium and the pulp. Others specialty areas,

such as Oral Surgery, are devoted to surgical techniques and processes like the removal of

teeth, and orthognathic and maxillofacial surgical procedures. General dentists are exposed

to basics of these disciplines in their pre-doctoral education, but are not trained to be

qualified to perform the advanced procedures specialists perform. Similarly, general dentists

are not trained in pre-doctoral or PGY 1 or 2 general dentistry programs. Operative Dentistry

residency curricula address the treatment of complex restorative cases using advanced

clinical procedures, techniques, and materials that the general dentist is not trained to use.

The Department of Labor, the Department of Defense, the Veterans Administration, and

Department of Health and Human Services all have occupational codes for operative dentists

that are completely unrelated to those of general dentists.

The body of knowledge included in the curricula of the 9 programs contain the following

Areas of Content, all of which are taught at an advanced level, beyond that taught at the pre-

doctoral level, and most of which are not taught in GPRs or AEGDs at the same level as in

Operative Dentistry residencies:

Cariology Biomaterials

Dental Anatomy Minimal Invasive Dentistry

Direct Restorations Indirect Restorations

Direct Esthetics Indirect Esthetics

CAD/CAM Dentistry Restorative Dental Materials

Dental Bonding Dental Remineralization Therapy

Comprehensive Case Management Restoration of Implants

Endodontic Considerations of Periodontic Considerations of

Operative Dentistry Operative Dentistry

Literature Review Case Presentation

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Research Design Conducting Research

Biostatistics Occlusion

Education in the area.

Pre-doctoral.

All dental schools have as part of their academic organization a distinct faculty department,

division, section, or cadre devoted to Operative or Restorative Dentistry. This faculty is

responsible for teaching pre-doctoral courses in Dental Anatomy, Technique and Materials

Labs, Operative Dentistry, Basic Cariology, and, at some institutions, Dental Materials,

Preventive Dentistry and Basic Occlusion. At most schools, this faculty is led by trained

operative dentists.

Post-doctoral.

GPR and AEGD programs. The ADA Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA)

Standards for GPRs and AEGDs include Operative Dentistry as a separate and distinct

discipline along with Prosthodontics, Periodontics, Endodontics, and Oral Surgery, in which

advanced education is required. Based on observations of an Advanced Consultant to the

CODA who has carried out over 30 AEGD and GPR Site Visits, however, Operative

Dentistry is receives less emphasis in these post-doctoral programs than the ADA recognized

specialty areas. The extent of advanced training in Operative Dentistry in these programs is

usually limited to complex case treatment planning and execution, and, rarely, CAD/CAM

restorative dentistry.

Operative Dentistry Residency programs. At 9 dental schools, there is a section of the

Operative Dentistry faculty devoted to teaching a post-doctoral residency curriculum in

Operative Dentistry including the advanced disciplines listed above. 6 of these programs

award either a Master’s Degree or a Certificate, 2 award only a Master’s degree, and 1 offers

only a certificate. See the enclosed AEGD Table for more detailed information.

Continuing Dental Education. Emphasizing scientific research and evidence, Operative

Dentistry has an expanded knowledge of statistical analysis/methods/materials that the

general dental population does not. Operative dentists are called upon to teach general

practitioners the relevance of current and historical literature, and new developments in the

discipline. Gold Foil Study Clubs are thriving today as venues for operative dentists to

expand their clinical repertoire and improve their manual skills. The Academy of R.V.

Tucker Study Clubs and the Academy of Gold Foil Operators provide education at the post-

doctoral level that is not available in any other academic environment.

As a further consideration, the Federal Government recognizes operative dentists and their

education as a distinct category of dentists compared to general dentists. The Department of

Defense funds dentists to attend residency training in Operative Dentistry and makes a

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distinction between them and comprehensive or general dentists. The U.S. Navy, for

example, offers its own in-service GPR and AEGD programs, but also sends residents to

civilian Operative Dentistry residency programs every year. The Navy funds graduates of

Operative Dentistry residencies to challenge the Operative Dentistry Board certification

process, and pay annual board certification bonuses to federal dentists who achieve Board

Certified in Operative Dentistry.

Is there a significant breadth to the body of knowledge concerning Operative Dentistry?

Operative Dentistry has an extensive base of knowledge in the academic areas listed above.

Operative dentists are trained to conduct, publish, and evaluate research in the interest area that

general dentists are not trained to do. Operative dentists teach general dentists at the Pre-

doctoral, Post-doctoral, and Continuing Dental Education levels, emphasizing the evidence

pbased approach based on the current and historical literature.

A cursory search of the textbooks that address various aspects of the Operative Dentistry interest

area reveals at least 11 currently in print and available textbooks aimed at the per-doctoral level,

and more than 4 times that many address aspects of the area at the post-doctoral level, most

written by operative dentists. Examples are listed below, and, at least as many more, at both

levels, have been omitted out of space considerations. While there is overlap among textbooks

addressing the same topics, it is clear that there is a large amount of information and knowledge

that pertains to this interest area, and that while the knowledge base for the pre-doctoral level is

somewhat limited, the amount of knowledge available at the post-doctoral, level both in

textbooks and scientific articles, is quite significant, running to hundreds of textbooks, more than

20 journals, and thousands of scientific papers.

Textbooks on Operative Dentistry for the pre-doctoral dental student:

Textbook of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry by Garg, Amit & Garg, Nisha

Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry 6th Edition by Theodore M. Roberson,

DDS (Editor), Harold O. Heymann, DDS (Editor), Edward J. Swift, Jr. (Editor), John W.

Stamm

Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach (3rd Edition)

by R Schwartz, J B Summitt & J W Robbins

Restorative Dentistry 2nd Edition by A. D. Walmsley, Trevor Walsh, F.T.J. Burke, P.

Lumley and R. Hayes-Hall

Fundamentals of Tooth Preparations by H T Shillingburg

Restorative Dentistry by P H Jacobsen

Craig's Restorative Dental Materials,13th Edition by John M. Powers and Ronald L.

Sakaguchi

Phillips' Science of Dental Materials, 12th Edition by By Kenneth J Anusavice, DMD, PhD

Dental Materials and Their Selection, 4th Edition by William J. O'Brien

Introduction to Dental Materials, (3nd Edition) by Richard Van Noort

Materials in Dentistry Principles and Applications by Jack L Ferracane MS, PhD, FADM

Esthetics with Resin Composite: Basics and Techniques by Burkard Hugo

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http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/operative-dentistry/sturdevant-art-and-science-of-operative-dentistry-hardcover/9780323083331/

http://www.dentalbooks.co.uk/categories/Restorative/10.html

Textbooks for the post-doctoral resident in Operative Dentistry:

A Practical Clinical Guide to Resin Cements by Michelle Sunico-Segarra & Armin Segarra

Adhesive Metal-free Restorations by Dietschi & Spreafico

Advanced Ceramics for Dentistry by James Shen

Advanced Operative Dentistry by David Ricketts & David Bartlett

Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials by Besim Ben-Nissan

Advances in Glass-Ionomer Cements by C L Davidson (Editor) & I Mjor (Editor)

Advances in Operative Dentistry: Volume 1: Contemporary Clinical Practice by Jean-

Francois Roulet (Editor), Nairn H. F. Wilson (Editor), Massimo Fuzzi (Editor)

Advances in Operative Dentistry: Volume 2: Challenges of the Future by Jean-Francois

Roulet (Editor), Nairn H. F. Wilson (Editor), Massimo Fuzzi (Editor)

Applied Dental Materials by J F McCabe & A W G Wells

Biostatistics for the Biological and Health Sciences with Statdisk Plus MyStatLab by

Bleaching Techniques in Restorative Dentistry by L Greenwall BDS MGDS MRD MSc

FGDP

Bonded Porcelain Restorations in the Anterior Dentition: a Biomimetic Approach by Pascal

Magne, Urs Belser

Clinical Aspects of Dental Materials: Theory Practice and Cases, Fourth Edition by Marcia

Gladwin and Michael Bagby

Complete Dental Bleaching by Robert E. Goldstein & David A. Gar

Decision Making in Operative Dentistry by Paul A. Brunton

Dental Biomaterials by E Combe

Dental Biotribology by Zhong-Rong Zhou, Hai-Yang Yu, Jing Zheng

Dental Enamel by CIBA Foundation Symposium

Dentine Hypersensitivity: Advances in Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment edited by

David G. Gillam

Designing Clinical Research by Stephen B. Hulley, Steven R. Cummings, Warren S.

Browner, Deborah G. Grady, Thomas B. Newman

Dry Mouth: A Clinical Guide on Causes, Effects and Treatments by Guy Carpenter

Essentials of Writing Biomedical Research Papers by Mimi Zeiger

Esthetic Color Training in Dentistry by Rade Paravina, John Powers

Esthetic Dentistry and Ceramic Restorations by Bernard Touati DMD, Daniel Nathanson

DMD, MSD, Paul Miara

Esthetic Dentistry: A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials by Kenneth W.

Aschheim, Barry G. Dale

Esthetics in Dentistry, Volume 1: Principles, Communications, Treatment Methods, (2nd

Edition) by Ronald Goldstein, DDS

Esthetics in Dentistry, Volume 2: Esthetic Problems of Individual Teeth, Missing Teeth,

Malocclusion, Special Populations, (2nd Edition) by Ronald E. Goldstein and Van

Haywood

Esthetics with Resin Composite: Basics and Techniques by Burkard Hugo

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https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-9jwrHs0WEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Dental+Ceramics&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAGoVChMImMTcgJCLyAIVSYsNCh2L3w5q

https://books.google.com/books?id=Gmm4BAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=calcium+phosphate+biomaterials+text&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIrbrdko2LyAIVxZUNCh3gyAMk

https://books.google.com/books?id=wUw8XwAACAAJ&dq=biostatistics+for+the+biological+and+health+sciences&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAGoVChMIk6L7_YqLyAIVwZUNCh1Vfgtk



https://books.google.com/books?id=IUMBBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA176&dq=dry+mouth&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAmoVChMIqcvzs4-LyAIVQowNCh1-cgbK

http://www.bookdepository.com/Essentials-Writing-Biomedical-Research-Papers-Mimi-Zeiger/9780071345446

Failure in the Restored Dentition: Management and Treatment by M D Wise, A Laurie & J

W McLean

Functional Occlusion From TMJ to Smile Design by Peter E. Dawson

Fundamentals of Color: Shade Matching and Communication in Esthetic Dentistry by

Stephen Chu, Alessandro Devigus, and Adam J. Mieleszko

Fundamentals of Esthetics by Claude R. Rufenacht

Handbook of Biomaterial Properties by Jonathan Black, Garth Hastings

Lasers in Restorative Dentistry: A Practical Guide by Giovanni Olivi, Matteo Olivi

Materials Science for Dentistry, (9th Edition) By Dr. Brian W. Darvell

Minimally Invasive Restorations with Bonding by M Degrange & J Roulet

Operative Dentistry: A Practical Guide to Recent Innovations (Clinical Sciences in

Dentistry) by Hugh Devlin

Pharmacology of Fluorides By Ernst W. Alther

Pickard's Manual of Operative Dentistry by E A M Kidd, B G N Smith & H M Pickard

Plastics in Dentistry and Estrogenicity: A Guide to Safe Practice by Theodore Eliades

& George Eliades

Porcelain & Composite Inlays & Onlays: Esthetic Posterior Restorations by David A.

Garber, Ronald E. Goldstein

Principles and Practice of Esthetic Dentistry, 1st Edition, Nairn H. F. Wilson & Brian Millar

Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry by Robert A. Convissar DDS

Principles of Esthetic Integration by Claude R. Rufenacht

Restorative Dentistry, 2nd Edition by A. D. Walmsley, Trevor Walsh, F.T.J. Burke, P.

Lumley and R. Hayes-Hall

Shape and Color: The Key to Successful Ceramic Restorations by Gerald Ubassy

Smile Design: A Guide for Clinician, Ceramist, and Patient by Gerard Chiche and Hitoshi

Aoshima

The Future of Dental Amalgam: A Review of the Literature by Barry Eley

The Science and Art of Porcelain Laminate Veneers by Galip Gürel (ed), Stephen J. Chu,

Korkud Demirel, Jean-Françüois Roulet, Claude R. Rufenact

Tooth Whitening: Indications and Outcomes of Nightguard Vital Bleaching by Van B.

Haywood

There are at least 21 refereed journals related to aspects of Operative Dentistry, publishing over

1500 scientific articles in2014. 4 of these journals are ranked in the top 20 dental journals in the

world by SCImago Journal Rank. See the enclosed Table for more detailed information.

SCImago Rank Journal

3 Dental Materials

4 Journal of Dental Research

5 Caries Research

19 Journal of Oral Microbiology

26 Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research

36 Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

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42 Operative Dentistry

51 Journal of Adhesive Dentistry

56 Journal of Conservative Dentistry

57 International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry

69 International Journal of Computerized Dentistry

80 Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry

82 Dental Materials Journal

83 Journal of Clinical Dentistry

91 Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice

100 Fluoride - Quarterly Reports

130 Journal of Hard Tissue Biology

131 Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences

148 Evidence-Based Dentistry

167 International Journal of Clinical Dentistry

http://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php?area=3500

Are there specific techniques and procedures unique to Operative Dentistry?

A list of clinical procedures, techniques, and other areas unique to Operative Dentistry includes:

Dental Disease and Pathology.

1. Dental Caries. The diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dental caries as a disease is

only cursorily addressed in pre-doctoral and PGY 1 or 2 dental education programs. The

in-depth research and education in this area occurs only in Operative Dentistry residency

programs and at research institutions with residency trained operative dentists and

collaborating scientists on staff.

2. Dental Erosion and Abrasion. It has been the Operative Dentistry community that has

conducted the bulk of the research into the etiology and treatment of dental erosion and

abrasion. Most of the principle authors in the area are operative dentists.

3. Developmental Disorders of Dentin and Enamel. Operative dentists have the training and

evidence based techniques to treat developmental disorders of the dentin and enamel.

They have done most of the research in this area and have developed the materials

needed for these restorations.

Techniques and Procedures.

1. Preventative Dentistry. This year JADA published an article on the myths associated

with placing sealants in the adult population. Very few pre-doctoral, PGY 1 or 2, and

continuing education courses address the growing opposition to fluoride. It has been the

Operative Dentistry residency programs and faculties that have conducted the research,

published the articles and textbooks, and provided the evidence to support the use of

fluoride, sealants, and varnishes in preventive dentistry. All nine of the Operative

Dentistry residencies include advanced courses related to preventive dentistry.

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2. Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA). Caries Risk Management criteria

and protocols in wide use in dentistry today were developed by operative dentists using

their knowledge of dental caries, microbiology, pharmacology, fluoride, dental varnishes,

and dental sealants. Operative dentists continue to conduct research and evaluation of

these techniques, pharmacologic agents, materials, and their effectiveness

3. Dental Remineralization. The development and clinical application of minimal invasive

dentistry including caries risk assessment, non-surgical management of caries through

remineralization, infiltrative and caries inhibitory techniques, and tooth preserving caries

removal have been driven by operative dentists.

4. Dental Surgery. The advanced removal and subsequent restoration of diseased enamel

and dentin in complex situations is unique to Operative Dentistry, particularly as it relates

to direct restorations, is unique to Operative Dentistry. The biologic, mechanical, and

esthetic principles of preparation design, in conjunction with the principles of outline

form, retention form, resistance form, and convenience form were developed and refined

by operative dentists as materials have evolved and new materials have been developed.

5. CAD/CAM Restorations. Teaching the indications, preparation design principles,

restoration design, and bonding of CAD/CAM restorations is not currently part of many

pre-doctoral or PGY 1 and 2 curricula. This is particularly true of the chairside treatment

delivery model, where restorations are delivered in less than two hours after beginning

the preparation. Due, in part, to high equipment costs, demanding preparations, and the

extensive knowledge of the materials used in these procedures; the concepts, techniques

and procedures involved are primarily taught in Operative Dentistry or Prosthodontics

residency programs.

6. Advanced Esthetic Dentistry. Dental school trains pre-doctoral students to a very basic

level of knowledge and clinical application whereas the Operative residencies teach to a

far more advanced, in-depth level. Many of the advances in esthetic materials and

techniques have been made by operative dentists.

7. Deep Margin Elevation. This is a clinical technique using state of the art materials and

technology that has a growing body of evidence to support indications for its use. It was

developed by operative dentists, researched by operative dentists, and is not taught in

pre-doctoral or PGY 1 and 2 general dentistry curricula.

8. Advanced Bonding Materials, Techniques, and Procedures. Dental bonding is a rapidly

evolving field that is driven by operative dentists. Most of the research in the field of

dental bonding to both enamel and dentin, has been done by Operative dentists. Most of

the scientific papers in the field of dental bonding to both enamel and dentin, have been

written by operative dentists.

9. Restoration of Implants. There special considerations that must be observed when

restoring implants, and there is no training beyond some didactic exposure in pre-doctoral

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programs. Post-doctoral programs in Operative Dentistry include techniques the unique

requirements of restoration of implants in their curricula.

10. Restoration Evaluation Procedures and Criteria. The large body of knowledge

concerning the evaluation of restorations in dental schools, on board examinations, and in

research was developed by operative dentists, beginning with Charbonneau and

Cartwright. The objective criteria it has provided has removed most of the subjectivity in

the evaluation of restoration quality in educational and research. It is not taught at the

pre-doctoral level.

11. Direct Gold. Teaching the techniques and preparation designs for gold foil as a

restorative material is not currently part of any pre-doctoral or PGY 1 or 2 general

dentistry curriculum. It is taught only in Operative Dentistry residency programs and

Gold Foil Study clubs. There are clinical situations in which it is still the material of

choice.

12. Cast Gold. Teaching the techniques and preparation design for cast gold inlay and onlay

restorations is occurring less and less in the pre-doctoral curriculum. It has become a

restoration that is taught in the post-doctoral curriculum, and not emphasized in AEGD

and GPR programs. It is taught mainly in Operative Dentistry residency programs and,

like gold foil, there are clinical situations in which it is still the restoration of choice.

13. Dental Amalgam. Like gold foil and cast gold, dental amalgam is becoming being

utilized less and less by general dentists. The techniques and preparation designs used

for dental amalgam are falling more and more into the realm of the residency trained

operative dentist, particularly when large, complex direct restorations are involved.

14. Composite Resins. Composite resin restorations are becoming a larger part of the general

dentist’s restorative practice. But the techniques and fine points of complex composite

esthetics and the use of composites in the posterior teeth have been researched and

developed by operative dentists.

15. Dental Ceramics. Advanced ceramic restorations, such as veneers, extended veneers,

partial crowns, crownlays, onlays, inlays, and bridges are not currently part of many pre-

doctoral or PGY 1 and 2 curricula. The indications and contraindications, and

processing techniques for the myriad of ceramic restorative materials available today are

too complex, and the equipment is too expensive.

16. Glass Ionomers. Glass ionomers have been part of the restorative dentist’s

armamentarium since silicate cements were introduced over 100 years ago. It was

operative dentists who led the development of modern glass ionomer based restorative

materials that seal against microleakage and have esthetic properties that can rival

composite resins. Again, the vast majority of the research and publishing in this area has

been done by operative dentists.

Page 13

17. Dental Cements. The wide variety of dental cements that are available today are the

result of research and development done by Operative dentists, primarily. Most general

dentists do not have the time, inclination, training, or facilities to

18. Pulp Capping materials. The development of pulp capping materials and techniques,

along with dental bases and liners has been done by operative dentists. Operative dentists

continue to conduct research and evaluation of these techniques, pharmacologic agents,

materials, and their effectiveness.

Operative Dentistry Research.

Operative dentistry residency programs educate residents in the design and conduct of

research in Operative Dentistry, and in the writing and publication of the results of that

research. As noted above, residency trained operative dentists have conducted the majority

of the research in restorative dentistry diseases, pathology, materials, and techniques.

Operative dentists have served senior Research and Development committee members, as the

chief executives of leading dental research organizations, owned dental research companies,

and been dental research advisors to the Surgeons General of the armed forces and Public

Health Service. No residency trained general dentist receives this level of training in

research, or becomes as involved in research in operative dentistry as operative dentists do.

Operative Dentistry Education.

Operative dentists are trained in their residency programs to teach Operative Dentistry at the

pre-doctoral and post-doctoral level, skills that are not taught at the pre-doctoral, or PGY 1 or

2 general dentistry program levels. It is these operative dentists who are expected to become

the core faculty in Operative Dentistry at most dental schools.

Are the techniques of Operative Dentistry part of the pre-doctoral or PGY 1 and/or 2

general dentistry programs curricula in dental schools?

Concerning the question of whether the techniques of Operative Dentistry are part of the pre-

doctoral or PGY 1 or 2 general dentistry program curricula, the answer is that just like all or the

dental specialty areas, basic techniques in Operative Dentistry are taught at the pre-doctoral and

PGY levels, but there are numerous techniques in Operative Dentistry that are not taught at that

level, and are taught at only the residency level. As noted above. distinct aspects of Operative

Dentistry that are the domain of the residency trained operative dentist include the advanced

study of diseases and pathology of the hard tissues of the oral cavity; the development of

specific surgical and pharmacologic treatments of these conditions and the indications and

contraindications for them; the development and testing of the materials, and their unique

handling and placement techniques used in this treatment; and the development and use of

evaluation criteria for a wide variety of advanced restorations and other treatments of diseases of

the dentin and enamel tissues in the oral cavity.

Also, operative dentists are trained in their residency programs to teach Operative Dentistry at

the pre-doctoral and post-doctoral level. Those skills are not taught at the pre-doctoral, or PGY 1

Page 14

or 2 general dentistry program levels. It is dentists with residency training in Operative Dentistry

who take the lead in teaching restorative dentistry in dental schools today. Not only do they have

advanced knowledge and skills as operative dentists, but they also have training in teaching

techniques, evaluation and academic assessment theory, and best practices in education.

And, as mentioned above operative dentists are trained to design, conduct, and publish the results

of research. Pre-doctoral and post-doctoral general dentistry programs do not include training or

education in these areas. The vast majority of PGY 1 or 2 programs in general dentistry them do

not offer the Master’s degree, and require the training in, and conduct of, research; much less the

publication of a thesis, as do most Operative Dentistry residencies.

Conclusion

General Dentistry is a very broad academic and clinical discipline encompassing a wide variety

of anatomic regions, tissues types, diseases, pathologies, treatments, and scientific disciplines. A

general dentist is required to have a basic knowledge of all these areas sufficient to diagnose and

treat the broad spectrum of problems that may affect their patients at a level that meets the needs

of patients most of the time.

Operative Dentistry is a distinct area of general dentistry that addresses treatment needs,

teaching, and research involving the teeth, and only the teeth, at a level beyond that of the

general dentist.

Operative Dentistry is unique in that it is the only area of general dentistry that is limited to the

teeth. It is the operative dentist who is trained and qualified to treat complex restorative cases

and undertake full mouth rehabilitation involving direct restorations.

The body of knowledge concerning Operative Dentistry is extensive, with over 100 textbooks

devoted to aspects of the area, and one sixth of the refereed dental scientific journals in the world

devoted to aspects of the area.

In addition to over 21 techniques and procedures that are specific that are unique to Operative

Dentistry, operative dentists are trained and educated at a level beyond the general dentist to

teach operative dentistry to general dentists and are trained and qualified to design, conduct, and

publish research that the general dentist, even with a PGY 1 or 2 education in general dentistry,

is not educated to do.

As with any area of general dentistry, some techniques of Operative Dentistry are taught at a

basic level at the pre-doctoral and GPR and AEGD levels, but all of those techniques have a

higher level of expertise, knowledge, and skill that is taught only at the Operative Dentistry level,

and there are many techniques that are taught only in Operative Dentistry residencies. Examples

include education, research, gold foil, chairside and laboratory CAD/CAM restorations,

advanced esthetics, deep margin elevation, restoration evaluation, CAMBRA, minimally

invasive dentistry, implant restoration, advanced ceramic restorations, and advance bonding.

Page 15

It is hoped that the discussion above has addressed the concerns of the Council sufficiently to

convince them to reverse their findings in May, 2015. The Academy of Operative Dentistry will

be represented at the Council meeting in December, 2015 to answer any questions you may have.

Submitted by: Gordon K. Jones, DDS, MS

1541 North McKinley Road

Lake Forest, Illinois 60045

847-502-0197

Page 16

Institution Grad Program Director/Name of Program Credentials Phone-Email-Address Board Certifi cation MembershipIndiana University Dr. N. Blaine Cook

Clinical Associate Professor

Graduate Operative Dentistry

DDS, MS 317-274-5328 [email protected] W. Michigan St.Room S410Indianapolis, IN 46202

ABOD (2000) ADEA-Operative, Biomaterials and Cariology AOD\ ABOD

University of Iowa Dr. Sandra Guzman-Armstong1 Clinical Associate Professor Dr. Rodrigo R. Maia2

Assistant ProfessorOperative Dentistry Graduate Program

DDS, MS

DDS, MS, PhD

319-335-7216 [email protected] [email protected] DSB, Iowa City, IA 52242

No ADEA-Operative, Biomaterials and Cariology1; AODAADR/IADR; SCAD2

Nova Southeastern University

Dr. Luana Oliveira-Hass

Postgraduate Operative Dentistry/Master of Science Program

MS, PhD in Operative D

954-262-7368 (Offi ce) 954-262-1775 (Clinic) [email protected] S. University Dr.Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328

No ADEA ADA-EBD Reviewer AADR/IADR

University of Michigan Dr. Peter Yaman Graduate Restorative Dentistry

DDS, MS 734-764-1532 [email protected] of Dentistry1011 N. UniversityAnn Arbor, MI 40109

No ADEAAOD

University of Southern California (USC)

Dr. Sillas Duarte

Advance Program in Operative Dentistry

DDS, MS, PhD 213-740-0694 [email protected] 4338A925 W. 34th St.Los Angeles, CA 90089

Federal Council of Dentistry Brazil (1995)

ADEA-Operative and Biomaterials

University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)

Dr. Richard Stevenson Professor of clinical dentistry and chair, section of Restorative Dentistry Advance Clinical Training Program in Restorative Dentistry

310-794-4387 [email protected] Le Conte Ave.Los Angeles, CA 90095

ABOD (2006) AEGD

AODAARDADAARVTSCAAGFO

University of North Carolina (UNC)

Dr. Lee W. BoushellAssociate ProfessorProgram Director

Graduate Program in Operative Dentistry

MDM, MS [email protected]. of Operative Dentistry448 Brauer Hall, Box 7450Chapel Hill, NC 27599

No ADEA

ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry 1. Basic Information

Page 17

Institution Indiana University University of Iowa Nova Southeastern University

University of Michigan




Grad Program Length 2 years 3 years 3 years 3 years 2 years/ 3 years 2 years 3 yearsDegree /Awarded MSD MS Oral Science

Certifi cate Operative Dentistry

MS Oral Science Certifi cate Operative Dentistry

MS Certifi cate/ Master Certifi cate MS Dentistry Certifi cate Operative Dentistry

Years established 49 years 53 Years 3 years 60 + years 3 years 3 years 18 yearsStudents Enrolled/yr 8 9/3 per year 4 4-6 4 10 2-3Graduated in last 5 yrs 20 15 6 18 2 15 14Chief Resident No Yes Yes No No NoDemographic 20 Intl & USA 15 Intl & USA 12 all foreign

Trained residents6 USA Citizens

16 Intl / 5 USA 10 Intl 24 Intl & USA 12 Intl / 2 USA

Board Requirements NoEncourage to take ABOD

NoHighly Recommend NBDE part I & II & ABODSome International require ABOD

NoEncourage to take ABODSome International require ABOD

NoEncourage to take ABOD


NoEncourage to take ABODSome International require ABOD


Full Time Faculty 3 with advance training in OD;2 Board Certifi ed in OD

9 with advance training in OD;3 Board Certifi ed in OD

3 faculty;2 with advance train-ing OD

2 faculty with advance train-ing in OD

7 faculty;3 with advance training in OD;2 Board Certifi ed in OD

2 faculty; 1 with advance train-ing in OD;1 Board Certifi ed in OD

4 with advance training in OD

Part Time Faculty 0 0 9 2 2 6 1

ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry 2. About the Program

Page 18






Pre-clinical Component/year

Yes: during 1st yr Yes: during 1st yrOptional 2nd/3rd yr

Yes: during 1st yr Yes: during 1st yr Yes: during 1st yr Yes: during 1st yr Yes: during 1st yr

Clinical time 5 half days/week for 2 yrs

12 hours/3 half days/week for 3 yrs

2.5 days: 1st yr3 days: 2nd yr total 2 yrs

18-22 hrs/weektotal 3 yrs

2-3 days/weektotal 2 yrs

20 hours/5 half days/ week

15 hours/week total 3 yrs

Original Research Project

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Th esis Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No YesTime Teaching Predoc

1 half day/weekDuring 2nd yr

3 half day/week (8 hrs)During 3 yrs

1 half day /week for 2 years1st yr: Pre-clinic2nd yr: Pre-doc clinic

1-2 half day/ week 1 day/week 40 hours total 9 hours/week

Exit ExamWritten Yes Yes No No Yes Yes YesOral Yes No No No Yes Yes No

Other Activities Table clinic at AOD; Poster or oral AADR/IADRWritten manuscript on thesis topic submitted

Lecture for Special Topics and Ground RoundsLecture and mentor Pre-doc

Research, teaching and clinical services

Creativity projects, lit reviews, seminars, national meetings, workshops, assistance at CE

Clinical teaching

Present Research at:AOD Yes Yes Yes No No Yes YesADEA No Optional No No No No YesAADR/IADR Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No YesACCD No Optional Yes No No No YesSCAD No Optional Yes No Yes No NoOthers Yes, IAAD Yes, Tucker Yes, Th omas P.

Hinman Dental

ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry 3. About the Curriculum

Page 19






Cariology: Didactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis 1. Several Cariology

courses to complete minor in Preventive. 2. Clinical Applica-tion

1. Advance Cariology Course. 2. Clinical Application of concepts.

Didactic - one year “Advanced Cariology Course” with Dr. Evren Kilinc. 1hr, \week sem-inars, lecture presen-tations and literature review. Clinic - appli-cation of concepts.

Teaching in pre-clin-ical cariology course that focuses on caries diagnosis Teachingin clinical operative dentistry that supports identifi cation of caries risk and steps for man-agement

Biomaterials: Didactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis 1. Several dental

materials classes to complete minor in Biomaterials. 2. Clinical Applica-tion

1. Biomaterials Semi-nars and Lit. Reviews2. Clinical Application

Didactic - 6 month didactic course “Dental Biomaterials Dr. Jeff Th ompson. 2 hours/ a week seminars, lectures and literature review.Clinic: incorporated into clinic

Extensive literature review, teaching in pre-clinical biomaterials, clinical management of biomaterials, clinical teaching of DDS stu-dents in the manage-ment of biomaterials

Dental Anatomy: Didactic No Yes Yes No Yes Yes YesClinical No Yes Yes No Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Intensive D.A. training

in summer 1st year. Grads are instructors in preclinical D.A.

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course, total of 16 hours, block and carve and wax-up. Clinic: incorporated into every day activities

Pre-clinical teaching of DDS students, clinical re-inforcement of preclinical concepts in the graduate level treatment of patients, clinical teaching of preclinical concepts in the DDS clinics

ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry 4. Areas of Content

Page 20






Minimal Invasive DentistryDidactic Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Taught in Opera-

tive and Cariology Courses. Is the basis for our clinical treatment

Seminars and Lit Reviews. Emphasis in cinical practice

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course, total of 4 hours, on lab with practical exercises Clinic: incorporated into clinic activities

Pre-clinical & clin-ical teaching at the pre-doc level, clinical re-inforcement of preclinical concepts in the graduate level treatment of patients

Direct RestorationsDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Amalgam, com-

posites, GIS, brief experience with direct gold

Seminars and preclini-cal exercises. All kinds in clinical practice

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical reviewtotal of 16 hours, lab with practical projects and fi nal exam before clinic. Clinic: Profi ciency exam on patients


Indirect RestorationsDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Explanation/Emphasis Gold, PFM, ACC & CAD CAM

Seminars, lit reviews and clinical cases. Single unit crowns, onlays, CAD-Cam restorations, FPDs, Few implants

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course, total of 16 hours, lab with practical projects and fi nal exam before clinic.Clinic: Profi ciency exam on patients


ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry Continued 4. Areas of Content

Page 21






Esthetics/DirectDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Didactic: Esthetics,

color, shape, smile design Pre-clinic: Resin bonding exer-cises in dentoformsClinic: Direct esthet-ic restorations

Lit Review, Seminars, many clinical cases. More direct than indi-rect in anterior teeth.

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course of anterior resto-rations, 16 hrs, lab with practical projects and fi nal exam before clinic. Class IV using layering technique Clinic: Profi ciency exam on patients


Esthetics/IndirectDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Didactic: PFM,

ACC, Veneers Pre-clinic: Prepa-ration and practice aboveClinic: Same proce-dures

Posterior esthetic onlays & crowns more than porcelain veneers

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course of indirect res-torations, 16 hours lab with practical projects and fi nal exam.Clinic: Profi ciencyexam on patients


CAD/CAMDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis E4D system

Pre-clinic 3 resto-rations on dento-form. Clinic: Use E4D with patients

Seminars, Lit Review. Grads work with pre-doc. and instructors in preclinical and clinical cases.CEREC and E4D pre-clinical and clinical.

Didactic: Part of pre-clinical review course, total of 20 hours, laboratory with practical projects. Clinic: Incorporated into clinic activities



Page 22






OcclusionDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Didactic 6 hours of

occlusion. Clinic: occlusion principles applied with patients

1st yr summer and fall session. We need stron-ger occlusion course. Limited seminars and clinical experience.

Didactic: Part of pre-clin-ical review course, total of 12 hours, lab with hands on. Clinic: Incorporated into clinic activities


Comprehensive ManagementDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Didactic: Endo,

Perio & Occlusion Lectures. Clinical interaction with dental specialties as needed

Interdisciplinary semi-nars and clinical cases. Expanded information in summer and fall semester.

Advanced Tx.Planning Seminar. Once a week PG1 and PG2 resi-dents rotate through a case presentation. Completed case for Grand Rounds and Interdisciplinary Treat-ment Planning Seminar. Clinic: Incorporated into clinic activities


ImplantsDidactic Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesClinical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesExplanation/Emphasis Didactic course

with Graduate Pros students. Implant Seminar with Perio and Pros. Clinic: restore implants in clinic

Limited didactic and clinical experience. Defi nitely need expan-sion.

Didactic: (1) restoration of implants: pre-clinical review course, 24 hrs, lab with hands on with implant companies demo. (2) surgical: residents have 1 hr/wk seminar with all other specialties. Clinic: Incorporated into clinic activities


OTHERS Lit Reviews, research topics & lectures. Feedback by class-mates and faculty

Lit Reviews, case pre-sentations. POPE sem-inars. Research design and teaching methods

Periodontics, Endodontics

Conservative cast gold, PeriodonticsEndodontics

Research design and implementation


Page 23






Present Research/Teaching Collabo-ration with other Graduate Programs

No research and teaching collabora-tion

No research and teaching collabora-tion

Yes, residents can be co investigators of other graduate programs and can mentor pre-doc students on research projects. No in teaching

No research and teaching


Yes, with other De-partments within the school and other grads in ResearchNo in teaching


Future Research/Teaching Collabora-tions

Yes for research and teaching

Research: I think it would be interesting but may be diffi cultwithin the time frame of the programTeaching: Yes, I think it is feasible and would be benefi cial to the students


Yes in researchNo in teaching



No

Mentors\Areas of expertise

No external mentors Mentored by Dental Biomaterials faculty and Preventive Dentistry/Cariology faculty within the school

External mentors in very few caseswithin the school, Dental Public Health and Prosthodontic faculty, College of Engineering

Yes, residents can be mentored by any faculty with a Master degree in any area of dentistry for exam-ple, Biomaterials, Microbiology, Steam Cells, Public Health, Bioinformatics, etc.

Local mentors, mentors in other areas.

Local mentors, mentors in other areas.

Local mentors, no externalOff er: Tucker Train-ing ?

Experts in areas other thanOperative/Restor-ative Dentistry serve as mentors; Yes

Annual Meeting forProgram Directors ? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Location (prefered) ADEA, AOD, Host-ed by Universities/Willing to host

ADEA, AOD, Hosted by Universities/Will-ing to host

ADEA, Hosted by Universities/Willing to host

AADR, Hosted by Universities/Willing to host

ADEA, AADR, Hosted by Universi-ties/Willing to host

AOD, Hosted by Universities/Willing to host

AOD, ADEA, AADR

Annual Grad Retreat? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NoLocation AOD, Hosted by

UniversitiesADEA, AOD, Hosted by Universities

Hosted by Univer-sities

Hosted by Uni-versities

ADEA, AOD, Host-ed by Universities

AOD, Hosted by Uni-versities

Support of ABOD proposal

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

ADEA 2015 - Grad Programs In Operative Restorative Dentistry 5. Collaborations

Page 24

Basic Pre-doctoral Training

Basic Principles of Cariology , caries

prevention and MID

Basic Principles of adhesion to be able to perform bonded restorations

Basic knowledge of composite resins and

clinical training in anteiror and posterior composites

Basic knowledge and training on Glass Ionomer

Restorations

Knowledge and Training on materials and placement of amalgam restorations, is a

very small part of the curriculum at some

institutions.

Basic knowledge and minimal clinical experience

using CAD/CAM restorations

Little to no knowledge and training in indirect gold and

onlays restorations.

Basic knowledge and some clinical training with design

and cementation of indirect restorations.

Advanced Operative

Dentistry Training

Advanced & Intensive Cariology Training to conduct research and teaching at pre- and post-doctoral level, and

advance curricula and policy. The science and art of preventing and controlling caries and non-carious diseases

and promoting dental health through individualized management plans.

Integrate Endo, Perio, Ortho, Pros, O. Surgery training in Comprehensive Management of complex cases. (Seminars and

clinic) for the treatment of caries, rampant caries, trauma, severe worn dentition, developmental abnormalities, tooth

discoloration, etc) - see chart on prior page.

Advance Training in Adhesion and scientific bases of bonding to develop research, expand the knowledge and be the leaders in this

area at national and internatinal levelsw.

Smile Analysis, principles of photography and Esthetic Treatment Planning of complex cases & multidisciplinary cases

Learning of the science and research of Advance Bleaching in office and at home for clinical, research and teaching application.

Advance Training in Direct Composite restorations: to perform complex esthetic procedures: Diastemas, realignments,direct,

restoration of peg laterals, veneers, polychromatic class IVs, etc.

Advance Training in Biomaterials to be able to conduct research and to teach biomaterials structure, property, function, and clinical selection and handling at pre-doctoral and post-doctoral level;

relationship to pulp inflammation, injury and preservation.

Advance scientific and clinical training in materals for direct restorations : amalgams and glass ionomers to develop research in this area and applicable to complex clinical operative situations of

disease control.

Advance Scientifc knowledge and clinical training in Indirect restorations, AAC and onlays, lab or CAD\CAM fabricated, restoration

of implants, indirect and direct gold restorations, acid and bonded bridges, 3 unit FPD.

Page 25

Publications

Rank Title Type ISSN SJR H index

Total Docs. (2014)

Total Docs.

(3years) Total Refs

Total Cites

(3years)

Citable Docs.

(3years)

Cites / Doc.

(2years)Ref. / Doc. Country

1 Journal of Clinical Periodontology j ISSN 1600051 1.714 100 134 473 5588 1938 468 3.78 41.7 Denmark2 International Endodontic Journal j ISSN 1365259 1.636 80 160 429 5108 1411 411 3.34 31.93 United Kingdom3 Dental Materials j ISSN 1879009 1.516 95 213 545 8229 2294 520 3.89 38.63 United States4 Journal of Dental Research j ISSN 0022034 1.459 122 198 648 6114 2613 607 3.99 30.88 United States5 Caries Research j ISSN 1421976 1.419 68 65 233 2064 756 219 2.6 31.75 Switzerland6 Journal of Endodontics j ISSN 1878355 1.383 93 404 962 11522 3645 910 3.78 28.52 United States7 Clinical Oral Implants Research j ISSN 1600050 1.29 102 293 642 10530 1912 616 2.89 35.94 Denmark8 Oral Oncology j ISSN 1368837 1.275 77 295 643 9005 1936 544 3.47 30.53 United Kingdom9 Monographs in Oral Science j ISSN 0077089 1.242 21 37 24 2528 93 22 1.45 68.32 Switzerland

10 Molecular Oral Microbiology j ISSN 2041100 1.194 55 30 110 1557 315 105 2.96 51.9 United States11 Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery j ISSN 1010518 1.153 52 430 539 12123 1445 521 2.74 28.19 United States12 Periodontology 2000 j ISSN 1600075 1.066 79 38 119 4689 455 119 3.56 123.39 Denmark13 Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research j ISSN 1601634 1.061 37 26 79 878 123 77 0.96 33.77 United Kingdom14 American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics j ISSN 1097675 1.046 80 269 1030 5752 1432 769 1.49 21.38 United States15 Journal of Dentistry j ISSN 0300571 1.01 76 231 531 7560 1520 507 2.83 32.73 Netherlands16 Angle Orthodontist j ISSN 0003321 0.994 57 169 533 3982 843 479 1.58 23.56 United States17 European Journal of Orthodontics j ISSN 1460221 0.976 55 93 385 3157 578 353 1.61 33.95 United Kingdom18 Frontiers of oral biology j ISSN 1662377 0.973 12 0 28 0 77 24 3.21 0 Switzerland19 Journal of Oral Microbiology j ISSN 2000229 0.937 10 8 36 461 120 35 3.13 57.63 Sweden20 Journal of Periodontology j ISSN 0022349 0.918 110 250 623 9228 1421 592 2.39 36.91 United States21 Dental Traumatology j ISSN 1600965 0.906 58 84 286 2642 423 250 1.71 31.45 Denmark22 Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology j ISSN 1600052 0.901 70 82 231 3175 499 225 2.04 38.72 Denmark23 International journal of oral science j ISSN 1674281 0.872 17 40 112 1365 355 111 2.6 34.13 China24 Journal of Periodontal Research j ISSN 1600076 0.842 62 129 294 5373 701 289 2.3 41.65 Denmark25 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery j ISSN 1531505 0.837 82 508 1563 9519 2144 1364 1.43 18.74 United Kingdom26 Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research j ISSN 1523089 0.824 51 79 452 3012 679 259 2.61 38.13 United Kingdom27 Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal j ISSN 1545156 0.815 53 117 344 3366 462 331 1.19 28.77 United States28 International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry j ISSN 1365263 0.788 41 47 203 1371 347 187 1.74 29.17 United Kingdom29 Journal of Public Health Dentistry j ISSN 0022400 0.771 44 45 206 1217 266 149 1.4 27.04 United Kingdom30 Operations Research for Health Care j ISSN 2211692 0.767 5 27 24 609 33 21 1.57 22.56 United Kingdom31 International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery j ISSN 0901502 0.767 69 237 765 5657 1177 692 1.63 23.87 United States32 Clinical Oral Investigations j ISSN 1436377 0.767 48 391 597 12046 1246 557 2.17 30.81 Germany33 Oral Diseases j ISSN 1601082 0.746 61 153 375 6807 773 319 2.07 44.49 United Kingdom34 Dentomaxillofacial Radiology j ISSN 1476542 0.702 51 69 353 1647 506 303 1.5 23.87 United Kingdom35 Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine j ISSN 1600071 0.698 61 152 365 5349 757 345 2.01 35.19 United Kingdom36 Journal of Oral Rehabilitation j ISSN 1365284 0.674 61 118 330 4364 620 320 1.82 36.98 United Kingdom37 Journal of the American Dental Association j ISSN 1943472 0.625 80 209 756 3202 647 374 1.5 15.32 United States38 Archives of Oral Biology j ISSN 0003996 0.613 61 210 645 8279 1245 636 1.84 39.42 United Kingdom39 European Journal of Oral Sciences j ISSN 1600072 0.611 66 57 305 1921 496 279 1.52 33.7 Denmark40 Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology j ISSN 2212440 0.61 82 357 1182 8102 1708 1043 1.36 22.69 United States41 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery j ISSN 1865155 0.608 14 70 184 1662 196 158 1.16 23.74 Germany42 Operative Dentistry j ISSN 0361773 0.576 58 112 286 3835 423 268 1.38 34.24 United States43 Australian Dental Journal j ISSN 1834781 0.565 42 121 314 3811 417 252 1.23 31.5 United Kingdom44 British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery j ISSN 0266435 0.565 54 251 731 3888 784 614 1.22 15.49 United States45 Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal j ISSN 1698694 0.549 30 104 514 2700 817 513 1.46 25.96 Spain46 Korean Journal of Orthodontics j ISSN 2005372 0.54 7 53 122 1162 100 117 1.05 21.92 South Korea

Page 1

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Publications

47 Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry j ISSN 1097684 0.54 83 333 388 8979 687 372 1.68 26.96 United States48 International Journal of Prosthodontics j ISSN 1139979 0.519 67 88 246 0 306 232 1.28 0 United States49 Journal of Prosthodontic Research j ISSN 1883195 0.518 14 48 136 1210 199 124 1.72 25.21 Netherlands50 Gerodontology j ISSN 1741235 0.5 35 63 375 2108 345 329 1.03 33.46 Denmark51 Journal of Adhesive Dentistry j ISSN 1461518 0.49 49 78 216 0 265 203 1.18 0 United States52 BMC Oral Health j ISSN 1472683 0.488 25 126 173 4592 242 169 1.32 36.44 United Kingdom53 Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics j ISSN 1434529 0.487 30 46 146 1167 104 116 0.78 25.37 Germany54 American Journal of Dentistry j ISSN 0894827 0.485 62 65 219 2183 247 212 1.11 33.58 United States55 International Dental Journal j ISSN 0020653 0.484 44 54 194 1328 244 181 1.37 24.59 United States56 Journal of Conservative Dentistry j ISSN 0974520 0.474 7 137 304 3137 366 277 1.38 22.9 India57 International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry j ISSN 0198756 0.471 56 0 243 0 252 235 0.95 0 United States58 Dental Clinics of North America j ISSN 0011853 0.46 42 54 162 2767 225 146 1.36 51.24 United Kingdom59 International journal of dental hygiene j ISSN 1601503 0.458 20 56 153 1632 158 136 1.13 29.14 United Kingdom60 Journal of Prosthodontics j ISSN 1532849 0.455 35 116 339 3600 397 304 1.13 31.03 United Kingdom61 ORAL and Implantology j ISSN 2035246 0.448 1 8 8 134 4 8 0.5 16.75 Italy62 Australian orthodontic journal j ISSN 0587390 0.445 15 30 92 0 47 79 0.57 0 Australia63 European Journal of Dental Education j ISSN 1600057 0.444 25 52 182 1303 182 175 1.02 25.06 United Kingdom64 Acta Odontologica Scandinavica j ISSN 1502385 0.427 45 78 399 3022 437 399 1.01 38.74 United Kingdom65 Odontology / the Society of the Nippon Dental University j ISSN 1618125 0.425 18 84 118 2395 122 101 1.09 28.51 Japan66 Journal of Orofacial Pain j ISSN 1064665 0.419 51 0 117 0 182 105 1.58 0 United States67 Seminars in Orthodontics j ISSN 1073874 0.414 32 32 107 1414 69 92 0.56 44.19 United Kingdom68 Australian Endodontic Journal j ISSN 1329194 0.411 22 30 116 568 76 98 0.72 18.93 United States69 International Journal of Computerized Dentistry j ISSN 1463420 0.411 20 26 85 0 87 72 0.86 0 Germany70 Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science j ISSN 2093228 0.407 9 47 139 1299 156 116 1.33 27.64 South Korea71 Community Dental Health j ISSN 0265539 0.406 39 48 177 1105 139 163 0.72 23.02 United Kingdom72 Implant Dentistry j ISSN 1538298 0.406 40 139 301 4368 346 270 1.16 31.42 United States73 Pesquisa odontologica brasileira = Brazilian oral research j ISSN 1517749 0.401 24 78 284 544 310 263 1.04 6.97 Brazil74 Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry j ISSN 1179135 0.393 6 13 29 502 33 28 1.35 38.62 New Zealand75 Journal of Dental Education j ISSN 1930783 0.389 45 178 559 3307 507 527 0.82 18.58 United States76 Brazilian Dental Journal j ISSN 0103644 0.385 31 99 321 2349 360 319 0.91 23.73 Brazil77 International Orthodontics j ISSN 1761722 0.385 5 32 102 461 48 85 0.62 14.41 France78 Iranian Endodontic Journal j ISSN 2008274 0.38 6 44 133 1526 146 129 1.23 34.68 Iran79 International Journal of Dentistry j ISSN 1687873 0.379 9 63 273 2234 283 260 1.18 35.46 United States80 Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry j ISSN 1708824 0.375 39 69 258 1991 120 114 0.85 28.86 United Kingdom81 European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the Euj ISSN 1996980 0.374 18 77 193 1914 167 175 0.76 24.86 Italy82 Dental Materials Journal j ISSN 1881136 0.368 36 119 407 3752 468 401 1.06 31.53 Japan83 Journal of Clinical Dentistry j ISSN 0895883 0.36 27 20 83 565 88 83 0.58 28.25 United States84 Imaging Science in Dentistry j ISSN 2233783 0.356 5 50 119 1151 97 119 0.8 23.02 South Korea85 Pediatric Dentistry j ISSN 0164126 0.352 48 29 330 0 297 297 0.97 0 United States86 Journal of Oral Implantology j ISSN 0160697 0.35 31 120 316 2665 230 280 0.69 22.21 United States87 European Journal of Dentistry j ISSN 1305746 0.349 8 71 244 2160 225 240 0.73 30.42 Turkey88 Journal of Applied Oral Science j ISSN 1678776 0.342 19 83 346 2510 353 326 1.03 30.24 Brazil89 British Dental Journal j ISSN 1476537 0.338 55 370 1200 7845 377 427 0.88 21.2 United Kingdom90 Head and Face Medicine j ISSN 1746160 0.331 20 47 107 1436 99 100 0.87 30.55 United Kingdom91 Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice j ISSN 1532339 0.325 12 103 283 1829 127 73 3.73 17.76 United States92 Progress in Orthodontics j ISSN 1723778 0.32 14 32 165 625 92 160 0.51 19.53 Italy93 Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics j ISSN 2005781 0.319 9 78 156 2506 138 153 0.78 32.13 South Korea94 Cranio - Journal of Craniomandibular Practice j ISSN 2151090 0.315 31 42 154 1061 94 108 0.68 25.26 United States95 Journal of Orthodontics j ISSN 1465313 0.308 35 68 178 1232 63 104 0.45 18.12 United Kingdom

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96 Journal of Dental Biomechanics j ISSN 1758736 0.3 4 3 15 64 13 15 0.55 21.33 United Kingdom97 Oral Radiology j ISSN 1613967 0.3 9 53 86 1267 39 77 0.51 23.91 Japan98 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America j ISSN 1042369 0.296 18 55 169 1890 108 157 0.58 34.36 United Kingdom99 Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North Americ j ISSN 1558427 0.29 13 23 62 758 43 56 0.58 32.96 United Kingdom

100 Fluoride - Quarterly Reports j ISSN 0015472 0.287 31 12 112 335 50 101 0.53 27.92 New Zealand101 European journal of paediatric dentistry : official journal of Europeaj ISSN 2035648 0.282 15 85 193 2024 120 191 0.44 23.81 Italy102 Swedish Dental Journal j ISSN 0347999 0.281 25 20 69 516 43 69 0.46 25.8 Sweden103 Open Dentistry Journal j ISSN 1874210 0.28 7 13 109 755 114 106 0.88 58.08 United Arab Emirat104 Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry j ISSN 1053462 0.266 31 52 220 571 114 219 0.44 10.98 United States105 Special Care in Dentistry j ISSN 0275187 0.263 29 57 136 1398 85 117 0.56 24.53 United Kingdom106 Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists j ISSN 2212443 0.256 2 32 55 605 15 46 0.33 18.91 Netherlands107 Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology j ISSN 0972124 0.248 7 167 383 3320 233 334 0.58 19.88 India108 Journal of the Canadian Dental Association j ISSN 1488215 0.238 41 35 324 494 109 208 0.45 14.11 Canada109 Japanese Dental Science Review j ISSN 1882761 0.235 9 20 61 966 36 49 0.65 48.3 Netherlands110 Minerva Stomatologica j ISSN 1827174 0.231 18 35 162 1043 83 159 0.48 29.8 Italy111 Indian Journal of Dental Research j ISSN 1998360 0.231 20 148 654 3139 327 615 0.35 21.21 India112 Saudi Dental Journal j ISSN 1013905 0.22 5 40 92 961 52 81 0.69 24.03 Netherlands113 Journal of Oral Biosciences j ISSN 1880386 0.219 7 35 115 1286 68 113 0.64 36.74 Japan114 Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Denti j ISSN 0970438 0.216 18 72 223 1310 108 206 0.39 18.19 India115 Revue de Stomatologie, de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et de Chirurg j ISSN 2213654 0.21 12 93 252 942 64 205 0.32 10.13 France116 Journal of the California Dental Association j ISSN 1043225 0.209 25 186 309 0 88 195 0.28 0 United States117 Journal of Dentistry for Children j ISSN 1935506 0.208 27 30 99 545 43 98 0.42 18.17 United States118 New Zealand Dental Journal j ISSN 0028804 0.203 14 26 81 0 29 54 0.38 0 New Zealand119 Dental update j ISSN 0305500 0.202 22 85 397 1501 103 319 0.3 17.66 United Kingdom120 Journal of Dental Sciences j ISSN 1991790 0.195 5 81 218 1353 101 164 0.57 16.7 Taiwan121 Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada j ISSN 1983463 0.186 3 15 199 399 10 199 0.04 26.6 Brazil122 General Dentistry j ISSN 0363677 0.181 24 137 480 2882 141 412 0.32 21.04 United States123 Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry j ISSN 1989548 0.172 5 94 211 2185 85 211 0.36 23.24 Spain124 Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice j ISSN 1526371 0.171 28 0 506 0 176 480 0.3 0 United States125 New York State Dental Journal j ISSN 0028757 0.169 15 69 220 0 57 168 0.29 0 United States126 Orthodontic Waves j ISSN 1344024 0.162 6 25 62 304 16 60 0.2 12.16 Netherlands127 Dental and Medical Problems j ISSN 1644387 0.16 4 64 238 1733 38 226 0.23 27.08 Poland128 Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia j ISSN 1121417 0.16 3 13 53 237 11 45 0.26 18.23 Italy129 Dentistry Today j ISSN 8750218 0.159 16 145 634 299 44 572 0.08 2.06 United States130 Journal of Hard Tissue Biology j ISSN 1880828 0.159 6 65 180 1769 51 179 0.3 27.22 Japan131 Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences j ISSN 2228672 0.157 3 30 94 942 28 93 0.32 31.4 Iran132 Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences j ISSN 1342881 0.154 20 7 36 223 17 36 0.7 31.86 Japan133 Acta Stomatologica Croatica j ISSN 0001701 0.153 4 27 112 657 20 101 0.15 24.33 Croatia134 Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics j ISSN 2177670 0.146 6 97 398 2212 61 371 0.16 22.8 Brazil135 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathologyj ISSN 2212555 0.143 4 173 194 2970 32 177 0.17 17.17 United Kingdom136 Journal of Stomatology j ISSN 2299551 0.138 3 57 189 1734 28 185 0.13 30.42 Poland137 Journal of Indian Prosthodontist Society j ISSN 1998405 0.136 7 87 253 1870 41 193 0.18 21.49 India138 Oralprophylaxe und Kinderzahnheilkunde j ISSN 1614221 0.134 2 24 71 389 5 58 0.05 16.21 Germany139 Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences j ISSN 1677322 0.134 6 36 184 928 36 184 0.18 25.78 Brazil140 Dental Hypotheses j ISSN 2155821 0.133 4 39 108 908 11 91 0.16 23.28 India141 Cumhuriyet Dental Journal j ISSN 2146285 0.13 2 67 101 1629 14 93 0.15 24.31 Turkey142 Journal of Osseointegration j ISSN 2036413 0.129 2 11 27 315 5 27 0.18 28.64 Italy143 Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants j ISSN 1050693 0.128 28 36 102 1401 30 100 0.14 38.92 United States144 Zeitschrift fur Zahnarztliche Implantologie j ISSN 0177334 0.127 1 33 55 335 5 40 0.13 10.15 Germany

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145 Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentaria e Cirurgj ISSN 1646289 0.126 3 42 128 1193 13 119 0.06 28.4 Spain146 Revista Cubana de Estomatologia j ISSN 1561297 0.124 4 35 139 792 4 127 0.01 22.63 Cuba147 Alpha Omegan j ISSN 0002641 0.119 9 23 51 0 7 40 0.03 0 United States148 Evidence-Based Dentistry j ISSN 1476544 0.118 10 58 195 233 58 26 1.39 4.02 United Kingdom149 Oral Surgery j ISSN 1752248 0.117 6 54 116 1315 12 105 0.1 24.35 United Kingdom150 Dental Cadmos j ISSN 0011852 0.114 5 96 221 1843 10 163 0.06 19.2 Italy151 Revista Odonto Ciencia j ISSN 0102946 0.114 2 5 149 165 25 139 0.1 33 Brazil152 Texas dental journal j ISSN 0040428 0.111 8 57 258 0 25 228 0.12 0 United States153 Revista Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial j ISSN 1130055 0.11 3 68 142 498 5 120 0.02 7.32 Spain154 Pediatric Dental Journal j ISSN 1880399 0.105 1 0 13 0 1 12 0.08 0 United Kingdom155 Italian Oral Surgery j ISSN 1827245 0.105 2 0 80 0 2 68 0.02 0 Italy156 Mondo Ortodontico j ISSN 0391200 0.104 4 0 58 0 5 48 0.07 0 Netherlands157 Acta Stomatologica Naissi j ISSN 1820120 0.103 8 0 31 0 4 31 0.19 0 Serbia158 Avances en Odontoestomatologia j ISSN 0213128 0.103 4 29 81 888 2 80 0.02 30.62 Spain159 Timisoara Medical Journal j ISSN 1583526 0.103 3 0 33 0 2 33 0 0 Romania160 Journal of International Dental and Medical Research j ISSN 1309100 0.102 4 15 93 350 8 93 0.1 23.33 Turkey161 Prevenzione e Assistenza Dentale j ISSN 0393996 0.102 2 0 36 0 2 28 0.14 0 Italy162 Stomatologiya j ISSN 0039173 0.102 8 90 320 0 8 319 0.01 0 Russian Federation163 Oral Therapeutics and Pharmacology j ISSN 0288101 0.102 4 6 31 128 2 31 0 21.33 Japan164 Journal of Japanese Dental Society of Anesthesiology j ISSN 0386583 0.101 3 63 217 458 2 217 0.01 7.27 Japan165 Implantoprotetyka j ISSN 1640654 0.101 3 0 34 0 2 28 0 0 Poland166 Giornale dell'Odontoiatra j ISSN 0393067 0.1 1 0 185 0 0 52 0 0 Italy167 International Journal of Clinical Dentistry j ISSN 1939583 0.1 2 11 118 304 4 116 0.05 27.64 United States

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ADA.org: Academy of Operative Dentistry Response 2015