Active Shooter Tactical

Response Assistant

Design Slides

Team ASTRA: Ben McCall, Puja Patel, Joel Williams, Rohini Shah,

Aryan Toughiry

GMU Sponsors: Dr. Hintz & Dr. Wage

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Network of nodes with microphone arrays.Nodes can detect and localize a gunshot in an outdoor area.ASTRA displays the location of a shooter on a map screen within seconds of the first shot.Provides law enforcement, emergency medical teams and first responders with critical information during a life-threatening event.ASTRA

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Overview

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• According to the FBI in the last seven years the average number of Active Shooter

events has risen to 17 incidents a year.

• According to the FBI, since 2003 there have been 1,043 casualties due to Active

Shooters.

Why is ASTRA essential?

• ASTRA is comprised of a network of direction finding nodes and a data receiver

• Each node independently plots a vector to the shot

• The Data Receiver collects the vectors from each node and plots them on a map

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ASTRA’s Functions

Node 1

ASTRAData Receiver

Node 3

Node 2

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ASTRA Architecture

Node 1

ASTRAData

Receiver

Node 3

Node 2

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Shot is detected by Acoustic Sensor Array of

Nodes

Node 1

ASTRAData

Receiver

Node 3

Node 2

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Each Node plots back a directional vector

back to the source

Node 1

ASTRAData Receiver

Node 3

Node 2

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Vectors’ Data Packets are sent to the ASTRA

Data Receiver

ASTRA Data Receiver Terminal Window

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Intersection of Directional Vectors Shows

Approx. Shooter Location

The nodal network assumes an outdoor area with no physical obstruction between nodes (green field environment)

The shooter is assumed to be inside the geometric boundary that the network of nodes creates.

The amplitude of the environment noise will be no greater than 25% of the amplitude of our quietest test firearm.

ASTRA assumes there are no extreme weather conditions (i.e. high cold/hot, rain, wind) . Weather must be above 32 degrees F and below 100 degrees F. Wind must be less than 10 mph. Rainfall must be no greater than .10 inches per hour.

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Technology and System Wide Requirements

Google earth

Data Receiver

JAVA to KML

scriptKML file

ASTRA TCP

server

ASTRA node

TCP Message

GNURadio

TDoAprocessing

ASTRA node

TCP Message

GNURadio

TDoAprocessing

ASTRA node

TCP Message

GNURadio

TDoAprocessing

Wireless networkconnection ASTRA

UserTerminal

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ASTRA Flow Chart

Omni Mic

A/DDetection

FilterWirelessBackhaul

GPS/TCP packetization

GPS position

Omni Mic

Omni Mic

Omni Mic

Phased ArrayDirection

Calculation

LINUX CPU runningOctave, Gnuradio, python

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Single Node Architecture

.308 (Sniper Rifle)

AR15 AR15

.22 Rifle

AK 47

Glock 26

Glock 17Glock 19

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Bank of Match Filters

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1.Single Node Benchtop Testing

2.Single Node Loud Speaker Testing

3.Single Node Live Fire Testing

4.Multi Node (3 nodes) Benchtop Testing

5.Multi Node (3 nodes) Loud Speaker Testing

6.Multi Node (3 nodes) Live Fire Testing

ASTRA’s 6 Step Testing

Process

ASTRA Complete Working System

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Outdoor Shooting Range Test

Layout

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FIRING LINE

Direction

Of Fire

8/15/2017ASTRA 17

ASTRA User Terminal

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PRE-SHOT DISPLAY POST-SHOT DISPLAY

Approx.

Shooter’s

location

Approx.

Shooter’s

location

GPS error on ASTRA User Terminal

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1.54

meters

(LONG)

1.22

meters

(LAT)

Angle Error on ASTRA User

Terminal Window

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+ 1.035 degrees- 1.035 degrees

Circular Error Probability (CEP) on ASTRA User

Terminal

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4.28m

CEP=0.62 σy+0.56 σx

σy= 1.06 meters

σx= 2.66 meters

Novatel Study: APN-029 Rev 1, 3DEC2003

CEP Shown in

ASTRA User Terminal View

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PRE-SHOT DISPLAY POST-SHOT DISPLAY

Mean Angle Error(degrees)

STDEV GPS Error(meters)

CircularError ofProbabilityradius (meters)

CombinedStandardDeviation(meters)

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System Error Results

Node 1

Latitude

Node 1

Longitude

Node 2

Latitude

Node 2

Longitude

Node 3

Latitude

Node 3

Longitude

1.22 1.54 2.07 0.67 1.29 3.28

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

1.035 4.275 5.342

CSD

1.22

CEP

2.15

Adaptive Threshold

Cell Averaging Constant False Alarm Rate

(CA-CFAR)

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Cumplido, R., C. Torres, and S. Lopez. “On the Implementation of an

Efficient FPGA-Based CFAR Processor for Target Detection.” (ICEEE).

1st International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering

CA-CFAR Plot Using Recorded Gunshot Data

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Threshold

Samples

Ma

gn

itu

de

(D

B) = Threshold

= Data

Thresh Xing

Cost of ASTRA

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Item QTY Individual cost Total QTY cost

Ubiquity 900MHz link 6 $123.97 $743.82

Lighting stand 4 $54.95 $219.80

Tascam US4x4 interface 3 $199.99 $599.97

Movo 2-pack, lavalier microphones 6 $79.99 $479.94

Delrin sheet (12"x48") 1 $51.52 $51.52

GPS puck 3 $30.45 $91.35

Misc hardware: 1 $20.00 $20.00

Per node cost ----------> $560.87

Total cost ----------- ----------> $2,206.40

Single Board Computer

(to be used in future

implementation) 3 $350.00 $1050.00

Other items needed for system

operation:

Power supplies 3 $500.00 $1,500.00

Laptops 3 $1,500.00 $4,500.00

Man Hours and Contributions Approx. 140 hours per group member, approx. 700 total man-hours.

Aryan Toughiry Project Manager

Ben McCall Technical Lead

Puja Patel Theoretical Lead

Rohini Shah & Joel Williams Software Leads

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Team ASTRA