ACTIONS FOR A - AfDB

ACTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT IN AFRICA

CISSE YSSOUFOU

SECRETARY GENERAL

UATP

1. Status and dynamics of urbanization

2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead

3. Challenges and gaps

4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility

5. Urban transport best practices






1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan

The future of earth will be urban…… demand for passengers AND goods mobility expected to triple by 2050

Source: UN Population Division, Schäfer/ Victor 2000, Cosgrove/ Cargett 2007, Arthur D. Little

9.306

CAGR 2010-50-0,2% p.a.

CAGR 2010-50+1,4% p. a.

2050

33%

67%

2030

8.321

40%

60%

2010

6.896

48%

52%

RuralUrban

Urban and rural population, 2010-2050 [m people %]

Urban passenger mobility demand, 2010-2050 [trillions person-km p.a. %]

20502030

43,2

2010

25,8

67,1

2,6x

+55%

+68%

The world is becoming increasingly urban

Urban passenger mobility demand explodes

Urban goods mobilitydemand explodes

Urban goods mobility demand, 2010-2050 [trillions of ton-km p.a. %]

3,0x

+64%

+83%

205020302010

9,5

17,4

28,5


Selected cities

Western Africa:

• Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

• Accra (Ghana)

• Dakar (Senegal)

• Lagos (Nigeria)

Central Africa:

• Douala (Cameroon)

Urbanization data of selected cities (Trans Africa project 2010)

Eastern Africa:

• Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)

• Dar es Salaam (Tanzania)

• Nairobi (Kenya)

Southern Africa:

• Johannesburg (South Africa)

• Windhoek (Namibia)


GDP, Population, Area, Car Fleet

ABIDJAN ACCRA ADDIS ABABA DAKAR DAR ES SALAMGDP (Euro) 1.800 1.560 700 1.700 1.100 Population 4.250.000 3.830.000 2.970.000 2.480.000 3.300.000 Area (km2) 1.183 1.994 530 549 1.800 Urbanised area (km2) 120 1.994 530 214 572

Human density (Area) 3.594 2.682 5.608 4.519 1.831

Total car fleet 201.130 270.000 116.300 16.000 240.500 car/1000 habi 47,3 70,5 39,2 6,5 72,9

DOUALA JOHANNESBURG LAGOS NAIROBI WINDHOEKGDP (Euro) 2.300 10.600 2.200 1.600 5.200 Population 2.500.000 3.800.000 17.550.000 4.740.000 230.000 Area (km2) 923 1.645 3.569 4.200 645 Urbanised area (km2) 210 1.645 2.821 3.900 645 Human density (Area) 2.709 1.962 4.919 1.128 357 Total car fleet 151.000 917.000 405.400 519.200 26.200 car/1000 habi 60,4 241,3 23,1 109,5 113,9

Source: Trans Africa 2010








CITIES COUNTRIES AUTORITIES 2010AUTHORITIES 2015 (TO BE UPDATED)

Abidjan Côte d'IvoireMinistry of transport, AGETU (no longer exist since 2012)

Accra GhanaMinistry of transport, DVLA, NRSC, MMDAS

Dakar SenegalMinistry of Infrastructures, Land and Air Transports, CETUD

Lagos Nigeria Ministry of transport, LAMATA, FCTA

Addis-Abbaba EthiopiaMinistry of transport and Communications

Dar Es Salam Tanzania

Ministry of Infrastructures Development, Department of Communications and Transport, SUMATRA, DART

Nairobi Kenya

Ministry of transport, Transport Licencing Board (TLB), Nairobi City Council

Douala CameroonMinistry of transport, Ministry of Finance, city of Douala

Johannesburg South AfricaNational Department of Transport, Provincial, Local Departments

Department of Roads and Transport, City Councils, GMA, PRASA

Windhoek NamibiaMinistry of Communications and Transport









Urban mobility systems are confronted with NEW CHALLENGES

Planet People Profit

Air pollutions

CO2 emissions

Noise

Increasing ecological footprint

Traffic chaos & traffic jam

Traffic safety

Decreasing quality of life and convenience

Overloaded infrastructures

Insufficient public transport capacities

Increasing motorization

Limited parking places

… Paradigm shift required to satisfy urban mobility demand!


CURRENT SITUATION

The poor – low levels of all types

of access

ACCESS to information

ACCESS to education (and

other primary services)

ACCESS employment

ACCESS to affordable mobility


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

ABIDJAN

ACCRA

ADDIS ABABA

DAKAR

DAR ES SALAM

DOUALA

JOHANNESBURG

LAGOS

NAIROBI

WINDHOEK

TRANSPORT MODAL SHARE IN THE CITIES 2010

Private Car Bus Minibus & Shared taxi Motorcycle taxis Private Taxis Cycling & Walking


CURRENT SITUATION


500 733

3000

0

500

1000

15002000

2500

3000

3500

1983 1989 1999

530

1155

3300

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1993 1994 1999

RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES)

Abidjan : gbakas Harare : commuters buses

375

1500 16002000

5000

6500

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1972 1977 1979 1982 1997 1999

Nairobi : matatus

CURRENT SITUATION

Source: SITRASS


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

19

77

19

78

19

79

19

80

19

81

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

Tax is D urun is M in ibus

CURRENT SITUATION

Source: SITRASS

RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES)

BAMAKO








“RETHINK THE SYSTEM”Four dimensions to be Considered by cities to shape mobility systems of tomorrow

•Source : Arthur D. Little & UITP FUM 2.0System-level framework for urban mobility policies

Mobility Supply(solutions & lifestyles)

Mobility DemandManagement

Public Transport Financing

Visionary Strategy & Eco-system

System-level approach

Policy imperatives for cities of different maturity stages can be clustered around 4 dimensions

System-level approach required: Sustainable improvement of mobility performance requires simultaneous improvement on each dimension

… the weakest link willinfluence overall

mobilityperformance

1

2 3

4

1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan UITP18

To integrate sustainable transport into the

region’s development and planning processes,

and increase the amount of funding

going to sustainable transport programs in

Africa.

Improved access to transport, reduced air

pollution and climate

emissions, and improved road

safety and health.

1- TO HAVE CLEAR VISION


Source: WBCSD (Core Publication), “Tomorrow’s Markets: Global Trends & Their Implications for Business”, April 1, 2002.

2- TO ACCEPT THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY

1st AfDB Transport Forum26-27 Novembre 2015 Abidjan UITP

A transport authority must establish and hold power in order to be able to drive the transport agenda and related investment.

The power that successful transport authorities have is made up of three components:

• LEGISLATION• FINANCE• STANDARDS

The scale of the transformation needed is such that the transport authority must have all the necessary delivery tools at its disposal.

3- TO ESTABLISH POWERFUL TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES


4- LONG TERM STRATEGY/POLICYWhat is holding back changes?Mobility vision and policies not fulfilling requirements AND lack of system-level collaboration and innovation

A lot of mature cities do not have a clear vision and strategy on how their mobility systems should look like in the future

Lack of integration between different transport modes, across different urban policies (environment, land planning, energy, social policy) and across regions… leading to sub-optimal outcome in terms of performance

Mobility visionsand policies do notcover requirements

Current mobility systems do not sufficiently adapt to changing demands, combining single steps of the mobility value chain into an integrated system

Actors of the mobility ecosystem do not collaborate sufficiently to foster lateral learning and jointly develop innovative mobility solutions

Lack of system-levelcollaboration and innovation

Need for cities to develop a LT political mobility vision and policies AND for system level collaboration to come up with innovative ecosystems and mobility solutions

1

2








This ….

Or this choice ….


(2009) 68 BRT implemented or planned 2 BRT IN AFRICA

11 USA-Canada 15 Latin America20 Europe 16 + Asia 4 Australia-New Zealand 2 Africa

Source: UITP


(2015): URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED OR PLANNED IN AFRICAN CITIES

13 BRT 2 Tram 2 Train 2 Cable car

6 South Africa2 Nigeria1 Tanzania1 Kenya1 Senegal1 Ghana1 Ethiopia

Nigeria

Ethiopia

South AfricaNigeria

Côte d’Ivoire

South AfricaNigeria

- TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMAL MINIBUSES - NMT - CLEAN BUS FLEET


RESISTENCE TO INOVATIVE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

HOW TO GET THE COMMITMENT OF ALL?? THE KEY TO SUCCESS


• [email protected]

• [email protected]

• www.Africa.uitp.org

18.09.2009

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.africa.uitp.org/


3 - OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET

590

107

296

914

19

115

4.940

750

790

59

ABIDJAN

ACCRA

ADDIS ABABA

DAKAR

DAR ES SALAM

DOUALA

JOHANNESBURG

LAGOS

NAIROBI

WINDHOEK

BUS FLEET 2010

5.400

46.000

8.900

2.600

10.000

550

19.600

80.000

23.000

ABIDJAN

ACCRA

ADDIS ABABA

DAKAR

DAR ES SALAM

DOUALA

JOHANNESBURG

LAGOS

NAIROBI

WINDHOEK

Minibus Fleet 2010

11.100

22.100

10.000

3.000

10.000

ABIDJAN

ACCRA

ADDIS ABABA

DAKAR

DAR ES SALAM

DOUALA

JOHANNESBURG

LAGOS

NAIROBI

WINDHOEK

Shared Taxis Fleet 2010

164.800

54.000

94.000

157.000

141.000

33.000

853.000

800.000

491.000

20.000

ABIDJAN

ACCRA

ADDIS ABABA

DAKAR

DAR ES SALAM

DOUALA

JOHANNESBURG

LAGOS

NAIROBI

WINDHOEK

FLEET OF PRIVATE CAR 2010



2003 2013

191713

306740

MAURITUS FLEET INCREASE 60% ON THE PERIOD OF 10 YEARS

-

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

3.000.000

3.500.000

4.000.000

4.500.000

5.000.000

PRIVATE CAR BUS M INIBUS SHARED TAXIS

2010 2015 2020

OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET


OVERVIEW OF BUS FLEET

OWNERSHIP OF MINIBUSES

Source: SITRASS


THANK YOU!

[email protected]

Documents

ACTIONS FOR A - AfDB