ACIDS AND BASES

WHAT IS AN ACID An acid is a compound that increases the number of hydrogen ions when

dissolved in water.

Hydrogen Ion = H+

For example when HCl (Hydrochloric ACID) is dissolved in water …..

You will get H+ ion and a Cl- ion. Why ?

.

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

Cl-

Cl-Cl-

Cl-Cl-

Cl-

Cl-

The extra H+ ions give a specific solution its acidic properties

H+ ions will bond with H2O to form a molecule called Hydronium.

ACIDS IN OUR LIVESAscorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Anti Oxidant , Immune system ,antihistamine

CARBONIC ACID H2CO3

When carbon dioxide dissolves in water producing carbonic acid:CO2 + H2O H2CO3

Allows our Bodies to transport CO2 to our lungs

FROM THE MONTREAL GAZETTE 1985

STOMACH ACID (HCL) AND SULFURIC ACID (H2SO4)

WHAT IS A BASE A base is any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions (OH-)

when mixed with water

For example NaOH will dissolve in water to create a solution with Basic Properties

OH-

Na+

Na

OH-

OH-

OH-OH-

OH-

Na+Na+

Na+

Bases are used in soaps

Bases are used to make paper, in oven cleaners, and to unclog drains

Ammonia is a base and is used in many household cleaners

THE PH SCALEWith the exception of distilled water almost everything is an

Acid or a Base. pH or “ Power of Hydrogen” tells us the concentration of H+

ions in solution.

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.

The pH scale is logarithmic and as a result, each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value.

QUESTION #1Lemon juice

has a pH of 2.2. Is it an acid or a base?

QUESTION #2Detergents

such as Tide have a pH of about 10. Is Tide an acid or a base?

QUESTION #3Seawater has

a pH of 8.2. Is seawater an acid or a base?

QUESTION #4The inside of

your mouth has a pH of 7. Is it an acid or a base?

YOUR HOMEWORK1. Partner Up 2. Determine who will do acid / base

Determine at LEAST 3 properties of an Acid or Base look online via Google