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 Access to Knowledge, copyright 

 Protection & Persons with Disability

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 I ntroduction I ntroduction

Copyright laws in most developing countries do not address the

needs of persons with ³sensory-disabilities´ ( Visual Impairment,

Dyslexia, Paralysis, Intellectual disability etc). Exercising their 

rights under 'fair dealing' for instance is not possible, since

conversion into alternative formats is not permitted by law.

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 Aim & Objective

Critical Analysis of the provision of Indian copyright law with

respect to Persons with Disability.

To find out the drawbacks in the Indian Copyright Act with respect

to Persons with Disability.

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 S cope

The Scope of my Project is limited to the problem faced by a

disabled person for Access to Knowledge.

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 Research Question

Hundreds of millions of persons worldwide are excluded from

access to knowledge because of a print disability, Is It

JUSTIFIED?

Only 5%(industrialized world) and 1% (developing world) of 

 publications are converted into formats that are accessible for printdisabled persons, how far the Copyright laws must be amended?

Should the proposed licensing provision be part of the amendments

made to the Copyright Act, 1957?

Why should information be locked up because one is visually-

challenged? Who is infringing whose rights? Where do Fundamental 

rights Stand for the Disable Persons? 

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 Research hypothesis Research hypothesis

Copyright is a major barrier that significantly impedes access to

knowledge for persons with print disabilities.

An amendment to the Copyright Act to create an exception to

copyright in favor of persons with print impairment so that they are

granted access to works in accessible formats at par with other  persons, comfortably and at an affordable cost.

Inclusion of clauses in the Acts specifically in favor of Persons

with Disability.

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C haptersC hapters

I. Copyright philosophy.

II. Rights of persons with disabilities under Indian law.

III. Rights of persons with disabilities under international law.

IV. Copyright protection and persons with disabilities.

V. Right to read for the print impaired and copyright challenges.VI. Exception for ³Teaching Purposes´.

VII. Role of Copyright Societies.

VIII. Limitations of the Licensing System to create Accessible Copiesfor the Print Impaired.

IX. The Need ± The Legal & Moral.X. The role of WIPO.

XI. Suggestions and Conclusion.

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 Literature review

 Articles:

World Intellectual Pr operty Organization, Standing Committee

on Copyright and Related Rights. Twenty±Second Session Geneva,

June 15 to 24, 2011

Limitations of the Licensing System to create Accessible Copiesfor the Print Impaired: A Policy Paper± Dr. Sam Taraporevala.

Making Knowledge Accessible Across Borders: Mandatory

Minimum International Copyright Exceptions for Education

STANDING COMMITTEE ON COPYRIGHT AND RELATED

RIGHTS: reports.  N.S. Gopalkrishnan , PRINCIPLES OF INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY.

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 S OU  RCES 

1. Constitution of India (India)

2. Copyright Act, 1842 (England)

3. Federal Copyright Act, 1790 (United States of America)

4. The Indian Copyright Act, 1957 (India)

4. Indian Penal Code, 1860 (India)5. National Policy for Persons with Disabilities, 2006 (India)

7. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

(TRIPS),1994

8. The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works,

18869. The Constitution (Eighty Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 (India)

10. The Eleventh Five-Year Plan (India)

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 S OU  RCES 

12. The International Convention for the Protection of Performers,

Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, 1961

(The Rome Convention)

13. The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection and

Full Participation) Act, 1996 (India)14. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act,

2009 (India)

15. The United Nations Convention for the Rights of Persons with

Disabilities

16. The WIPO Copyright Treaty, 199617. The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, 1996

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 S OU  RCES  S OU  RCES 

Right to read for the print impaired and copyright challenges.

http://www.daisy.org/about_us/index.php

Making Knowledge Accessible Across Borders: Mandatory

Minimum International Copyright Exceptions for Education,

Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2008, available athttp://www.eff.org/wp/making-knowledge-accessible-

internationalcopyright-exceptions-for-education

Applying the Three-Step Test in the Digital Environment´,

2004,available at

www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/.../sccr_17_www_111472.ppt

World Blind Union general statement to WIPO 2009 General

Assembly´ in http://www.keionline.org/node/623

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C  A SE   L AW  S C  A SE   L AW  S 

1. A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras AIR 1950 SC 27

2. Ashutosh Gupta v. State of Rajasthan (2002) 4 SCC 34

3. Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India AIR 1984 SC 802

4. Penguin Books Limited v. India Book Distributors and Others AIR 

1985 Del 29

5. Warner Brothers Entertainment Inc. and Others v. Santosh V.G.

MIPR 2009 (2) 175

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T hank YouT hank You