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State of Entrepreneurship Education and Academic Research
in the United States: 1950-2010
1950s 1960s 1970s
Evolution of Entrepre-
neurship
Education
Entrepreneurship Education was
almost nonexistent. Some
economists, specifically
Schumpeter, argued that the
study of entrepreneurs was
important for the economic
health of a nation.
Entrepreneurship Education was
receiving some attention.
Academics argued that to teach
small business management and
entrepreneurship one only had to
teach the classic principles of
management and merely shrink the
scope to fit small business.
Entrepreneurship Education was being
offered at a variety of 2- and 4-year
colleges and universities as a major or
field concentration. The Academy of
Management approved
"Entrepreneurship" as a distinct
interest group for members.
Academic Research Academic Research on the topic
of entrepreneurship was
sporadic and inconclusive.
Academic Research on
entrepreneurship was focused on
personality traits and background
characteristics of owner-managers
and their relationship to success
Academic Research on
entrepreneurship was still focused on
personality traits and background
characteristics of owner-managers and
but also a range of issues including the
use of external sources of assistance
to improve the chances of success.
1980s-90s 1990s-2000 2000s-2010s
Evolution of
Entrepre-neurship
Education
Entrepreneurial Education was
expanding nationwide in 2- and 4-year
colleges and universities. The
Academy of Management authorized
"Entrepreneurship" as a major
division.
Entrepreneurship Education was an
integral part of most business schools.
Exponential growth occurred in
Endowed Chairs in Entrepreneurship
and the development of Centers of
Entrepreneurship.
Family Business became a growing
area of interest.
Entrepreneurship Education is now
widely available on campuses and on
the Internet and through distance
learning. Pedagogical issues arise
dealing with the inability of educators
to differentiate between a “small
business” curriculum and an
“entrepreneurship” curriculum.
Academic
Research
Academic Research on
entrepreneurship was becoming
diverse exploring issues ranging from
"personality traits of to acquisition of
capital, factors influencing individuals
to become more entrepreneurial --
intrapreneurship." Also, more
international research was being
conducted.
Academic Research on
entrepreneurship became more
global. Research explored issues
ranging from "strategic alliances" to
“succession in family business."
The field of entrepreneurship was
developing standards of excellence
Extensive research support by the
Kauffman Foundation examines the
role and characteristics of “Nascent”
Entrepreneurs. There is an absence
of academic research exploring public
policy issues and small business and
entrepreneurship.
State of Entrepreneurship Education and Academic Research in
the United States: 1980s-2010s
Wall Street Journal vs
Journal of Small Business management
10 YEARS OF SMALL BUSINESS
REPORTING IN WSJ (2000-2010)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Operations Costs
Employment Costs
Governance/Family
Business Owner
Financing
Franchising
Public policy/Assistance
Marketing/Innovation
Firm Capabilities
Competitive Dynamics
WHAT SEEMS TO MATTER
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000
WS
J0
2001
WS
J1
2002
WS
J2
2003
WS
J3
2004
WS
J4
2005
WS
J5
2006
WS
J6
2007
WS
J7
2008
WS
J8
2009
WS
J9
Ethnic (Operations)
CSR (Employment)
Governance/ Family
Business Owner
Financing
Franchising
Public policy/ Assistance
Marketing/ Innovation
Firm capabilities
Competitive Dynamics
MISSING FROM RESEARCH
Business Survival
• Operational Efficiencies
• Human Resourses (Employees)
• Legal, Governance, and Compliance costs
Business Sustainability
• Innovation/ E-commerce
• Institutional Support / Environment
• Policy
KEY INSIGHT: HIGH GROWTH VENTURES vs STEADY STATE VENTURES
MISSING FROM PRACTICE
Business Survival
• Building capabilities
• Flexibility and adaptability
• Innovation
Business Sustainability
• Governance
• Succession planning
• CSR
KEY INSIGHT: HOW CAN POLICY PLAY AN IMPACT on BOTH
HIGH GROWTH VENTURES and STEADY STATE VENTURES
2010-2020
Evolution of Entrepre-neurship Education Entrepreneurship continues its move to be truly interdisciplinary rather than
business focused to include:
MINDSET NEW VENTURE STRUCTURE
Entre + Arts Social Enterprises
Entre + Science GIG Economy
Entre + Health Virtual Companies
Entre + Engineering
Entre + Technology
Academic Research
Academic research expands to explore public policy
issues and broader small business and
entrepreneurship issues, as entrepreneurship
becomes even more important.
Future of Entrepreneurship Education and Academic Research
in the United States
In 2012, Re-design of JSBM with a strategic focus.
12
ICSB’s Journal for Small Business Management
● More and deeper research on the
role of Entrepreneurship Education
including but not limited to:
● Examining pedagogues
● Delivery channels (on line versus
face--face)
● Knowledge sources (textbooks,
stories, trade books and the popular
press (i.e.,Inc and Entrepreneur)
● Behavioral Factors impacting
individuals to start, grow and
manage their new venture)
George Solomon, Editor:
ICSB’s Journal for Small Business Management
● Entrepreneurial Orientation,
Entrepreneurial Intentions
● Various motivational theories
(i.e., McClellan, Herzberg)
● Social Entrepreneurship as an
economic development strategy.
● Cross cultural and Gender
studies
Initiative to Innovate
• New Special Issues;
– Understanding Entrepreneurship: Challenging Dominant Perspectives and Theorising Entrepreneurship through New Post-Positivist Epistemologies
– Technovation: The Intersection of Technology and Entrepreneurship
– Family Firms, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Development
– Entrepreneurial Leadership and Gender
– Entrepreneurship Everywhere… Across Campus, Across Communities, Across Borders
• Introduction of an online-only supplemental issue
15
Downloads via Wiley Online Library increased by 14% in 2015
16
This chart shows increases in the number of downloads to your journal in the period 2002 to 2014. The total includes usage on Wiley Online Library, EBSCO and other third-party databases.
Positive relationship between number of pages and impact factor (DEMAND INCREASED)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
49 (2011) 50 (2012) 51 (2013) 52 (2014) 53 (2015)
Impact Factor
#Pages
17
18
A GLOBAL BENEFIT TO ALL ICSB AFFILIATE MEMBERS
Journal of Small Business Management (JSBM)
Edited By: Dr. George T. Solomon
2yr Impact Factor: 1.937
5yr Impact Factor: 2.868
ISI Journal Citation Reports © Ranking: 2015: 65/192 (Management)
Online ISSN: 1540-627X
The primary purpose of JSBM is to publish scholarly research articles in the fields
of small business management and entrepreneurship. As the official journal of the
ICSB, JSBM is recognized as a primary instrument for projecting and supporting
the goals and objectives of this organization, which include scholarly research and
the free exchange of ideas. The Journal, which is circulated in 60 countries around
the world, is a leader in the field of small business research.
In 2015, 4,257 institutions purchased access to the latest content in JSBM via either
a Wiley License or a traditional (title-by-title) subscription. At the end of 2015, 1,358
individuals were registered to receive automatic alerts when new content appears.
See http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1540-627X
4,200 12,000 191Number of institutions worldwide
where JSBM is available
Unique visitors each month to the
JSBM Wiley Online Library
Average number of downloads
per article
2014 – 2016; Back at the Global Stage
21
23
24
2016 – 2019
JSBM ROARS
Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management Research • More Attention to Theory Building
• Creating model showing the various interactions
• Simple is better
• Cross Disciplinary• Expand focus outside of business
• Literature that supports the research• Avoid using too few sources
• Examine other disciplines’ treatment of the phenomenon
• Creation of Hypotheses and/or Research Questions
Do-ho Suh, “Staircase III”
Emergence of a New Concept: The Role of Humane
Entrepeneurship
Do-Ho Suh, “Cause and Effect”
JSBM Sample Contributing Countries
Australia Austria
Belgium Brazil
Canada Chile
China Denmark
Finland France
Germany Greece
Israel Italy
Japan Korea, South
New Zealand Norway
Slovenia Spain
Sweden Switzerland
Taiwan Turkey
United Kingdom United States
Rest of World
28
ICSB World Congress 2019 –
Cairo, Egypt
www.icsb2019.com
2019 - 2030; Growth opportunities
35
Information Classification: GeneralCONFIDENTIAL 36
The International Council for Small Business
ICSB NEW FRONTIER
Dr. George SolomonDr. Jeffrey Alves
April 8, 2019
Information Classification: General
Journal of the International Council for Small Business (JICSB)
The only journal devoted to micro-small and medium-sized enterprises and their relation to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Launched in partnership with Routledge, Taylor and Francis , articles will not only address the business owner, but all major stakeholders in the small business ecosystem, including accelerator/incubator administrators
Coming in January 2020, NEW JOURNAL ICSB - JICSB
For information and updates visit bit.ly/_IntroducingJICSB
Information Classification: General
An Impactful Publishing Program with Routledge
>120mArticle downloads/yr
>6,000Books p.a.
20Publishing Offices
globally
>330,000Authors
Offices in Oxford, New York, Philadelphia, Boca Raton, Boston, Melbourne, Singapore, Beijing, Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur, Stockholm, New Delhi and Johannesburg
Information Classification: General
Journal of Small Business Management
JSBM, the flagship journal of the International Council for Small Business, is a primary instrument for projecting and supporting the goals and objectives of ICSB. The primary purpose of the Journal is to publish scholarly research articles in the fields of small business management and entrepreneurship.
Impact Factor and Rankings
• Impact Factor: 3.248
• “A” rating in Australia’s ABDC.
• ISI Ranking in Management: 48 out of 210
• Circulated in 60 countries around the world
Information Classification: General
Visit bit.ly/_IntroducingJICSBfor updates
Dr. Jeffrey Alves—Editor in Chief, JICSB
Dr. George Solomon—Editor in Chief, JSBM
Tom Conway—Publisher, Routledge
Laura Raines—Managing Editor, Routledge
Contact:
Email: [email protected]
Twitter: @ICSB and @Routledge_Econ
