AbolitionistsAbolitionists AbolitionistsAbolitionists- people who - people who

wanted to END slavery in the wanted to END slavery in the U.S.U.S.

Both African-American and whiteBoth African-American and white Used press (newspapers & Used press (newspapers &

public speaking/debate)public speaking/debate)

Frederick DouglassFrederick Douglass Escaped slave, most Escaped slave, most

famous black famous black abolitionistabolitionist

Spoke and wrote Spoke and wrote (North Star) on the (North Star) on the wrongs of slaverywrongs of slavery

““It is not light that we It is not light that we need, but fire; it is need, but fire; it is not the gentle not the gentle shower, but thunder. shower, but thunder. We need the storm, We need the storm, the whirlwind, and the whirlwind, and the earthquake… The the earthquake… The only thing worse than only thing worse than rebellion is the thing rebellion is the thing that causes that causes rebellionrebellion.” .”

Escaped SlavesEscaped Slaves

Who was a Who was a famous famous “conductor?“conductor?””

Underground Railroad- Network of abolitionists that Underground Railroad- Network of abolitionists that secretly helped slaves get north and to Canadasecretly helped slaves get north and to Canada

Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman Escaped slaveEscaped slave Guided slaves to Guided slaves to

hideouts, such as hideouts, such as houses, churches, houses, churches, wagons, and caves wagons, and caves on their way North.on their way North.

How those who favored How those who favored slavery responded to these slavery responded to these

runaways…runaways…

South defends slaverySouth defends slavery

Says North factory work isn’t much Says North factory work isn’t much betterbetter

Says their economy ($$) depends on itSays their economy ($$) depends on it Says the North wants to ruin themSays the North wants to ruin them

Women’s RightsWomen’s Rights Women had few Women had few

rights in the 1800srights in the 1800s Men owned all Men owned all

property, all money, property, all money, and could hit their and could hit their wives without wives without “serious injury.”“serious injury.”

When did women realize When did women realize they were being treated they were being treated

unfairly?unfairly? Women Women

abolitionists… abolitionists… (against slavery)(against slavery)

Went to meetings Went to meetings and became aware and became aware that they lacked that they lacked social and political social and political rights themselvesrights themselves

Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth

Reader!Reader!

““Ain’t I a Ain’t I a woman?!”woman?!”

““That man over there says that women need to be That man over there says that women need to be helped into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and helped into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. Nobody ever to have the best place everywhere. Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place! And ain't I a woman?! gives me any best place! And ain't I a woman?!

Look at me! Look at my arm! I have plowed and Look at me! Look at my arm! I have plowed and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me! And ain't I a woman?!could head me! And ain't I a woman?!

I could work as much and eat as much as a man - I could work as much and eat as much as a man - when I could get it - and bear the lash as well! And when I could get it - and bear the lash as well! And ain't I a woman?!ain't I a woman?!

I have borne thirteen children, and seen most all I have borne thirteen children, and seen most all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mother's grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain't mother's grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain't I a woman?!I a woman?!

The Road toThe Road to Civil Civil WarWar

1820-18611820-1861

More states = More More states = More powerpower

North and South North and South both wanted both wanted more states so more states so they would…they would…

Have more powerHave more power Missouri wanted Missouri wanted

to join the Union to join the Union when there were when there were 11 free and 11 11 free and 11 slave statesslave states

Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise Missouri would be divided, kept number Missouri would be divided, kept number

of slave and free states equalof slave and free states equal

What’s the difference What’s the difference

between between patriotism and patriotism and sectionalismsectionalism?? PatriotismPatriotism- - loyalty to your countryloyalty to your country

SectionalismSectionalism- loyalty to your - loyalty to your state/section (North/South)state/section (North/South)

NorthernersNortherners- together b/c they hated - together b/c they hated slaveryslavery

SouthernersSoutherners- together b/c they wanted - together b/c they wanted slaveryslavery

How would you deal with How would you deal with this sectionalism and this sectionalism and

hatred?hatred?Open by vote (map pg. Open by vote (map pg.

489)-489)- control by the people control by the people Fair?Fair?

Kansas-Nebraska ActKansas-Nebraska Act

Look at the map on page 489, this Look at the map on page 489, this would allow the people to vote on would allow the people to vote on slavery in these territories.slavery in these territories.

Why would this be a problem? Why would this be a problem? (reader pg. 490 (reader pg. 490 Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas))

Pro- and anti- slavery people moved Pro- and anti- slavery people moved to these territories just to vote on to these territories just to vote on the issue. This led to violence the issue. This led to violence ((Bleeding Kansas, and John BrownBleeding Kansas, and John Brown))

John BrownJohn Brown: A : A herohero to to some… some…

insane to others insane to others (497 Reader!)(497 Reader!)

John Brown, a white man, hated John Brown, a white man, hated slaveryslavery

He led a revolt, seizing a gun warehouse, He led a revolt, seizing a gun warehouse, and planning to pass the guns out to and planning to pass the guns out to slaves and fellow rebelsslaves and fellow rebels

He was defeated by Federal Troops, and He was defeated by Federal Troops, and hung to deathhung to death

Many saw what he did as Many saw what he did as heroicheroic, and , and realized that violence may be the only realized that violence may be the only solution to the problem of slaverysolution to the problem of slavery

After Brown was hung… After Brown was hung… (498)(498)

““People were actually People were actually singing the praises of singing the praises of a man who had tried a man who had tried to lead a murderous to lead a murderous slave revolt! Many slave revolt! Many Southerners became Southerners became convinced that the convinced that the North wanted to North wanted to destroy slavery – and destroy slavery – and the South along with the South along with it.it. The nation was The nation was poised for a violent poised for a violent clashclash…”…” "I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the

crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood."

The nail in the coffin…

The Election of 1860… Whoever won the Presidency at this

time of divide and hatred between the North and South would have a tough task ahead of them.

Which side (North or South) was bigger? Where were the cities and factories?

North is BIGGER! So North is BIGGER! So what?!?what?!?

The North can elect a President The North can elect a President without gaining any votes from without gaining any votes from southern states.southern states.

The North can continue to elect anti-The North can continue to elect anti-slavery Presidents, and continue to slavery Presidents, and continue to take away the rights of southerners.take away the rights of southerners.

So who won?So who won?

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18601860

a lot on the linea lot on the line Because the North Because the North outnumbered the South, outnumbered the South, Abe Lincoln won fairly Abe Lincoln won fairly easily.easily.

The South realized that The South realized that they wouldn’t have a say they wouldn’t have a say in government issues in government issues anymore…anymore…

Seceded!Seceded! Left! Left! Seven states, South Carolina, Alabama, Seven states, South Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas seceded.Texas seceded.

They formed the Confederate States of They formed the Confederate States of America, and elected their own government America, and elected their own government and president- Jefferson Davis.and president- Jefferson Davis.

A tough call for Old A tough call for Old Abe…Abe…

The Southern states that The Southern states that seceded saw the U.S. as a seceded saw the U.S. as a “foreign” enemy“foreign” enemy

They began to take over They began to take over federal property, federal property, especially Fort Sumter, especially Fort Sumter, and turn them into and turn them into Confederate propertyConfederate property

What is Abe’s choice as What is Abe’s choice as President? What was at President? What was at risk?risk?

Time forTime for

WARWAR

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK

Read pages 512-517, Read pages 512-517, and 524-527.and 524-527.

Next class is our Next class is our lastlast lesson on the War, lesson on the War, then then FINAL TESTFINAL TEST of of the year!! the year!!

What’s left to do?What’s left to do?

Everyone was scared the Union Everyone was scared the Union would break and would break and civil warcivil war, war , war between people of the same between people of the same country, would erupt.country, would erupt.

What’s left to do?What’s left to do? compromisecompromise

Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850 California a free California a free

state, Mexican area state, Mexican area will be voted on will be voted on (popular sovereignty), (popular sovereignty), no slaves in no slaves in Washington D.C. and Washington D.C. and the most the most controversial…controversial…

Fugitive Slave Law of Fugitive Slave Law of 18501850

Fugitive Slave Law of Fugitive Slave Law of 18501850

Required ALL citizens to help catch Required ALL citizens to help catch runaway slavesrunaway slaves

People who let them go/helped them People who let them go/helped them would be fined and imprisonedwould be fined and imprisoned

Interesting quote/threat…Interesting quote/threat…

African-American African-American abolitionist in the North – abolitionist in the North –

Martin R. DelaneyMartin R. Delaney““My house is my castle… If any man My house is my castle… If any man

approaches that house in search of a approaches that house in search of a slave – I care not who he may be, slave – I care not who he may be, whether constable or sheriff, or even whether constable or sheriff, or even judge of the Supreme Court… if he judge of the Supreme Court… if he crosses the threshold of my door, crosses the threshold of my door, and I do not lay him a lifeless corpse and I do not lay him a lifeless corpse at my feet, I hope the grave may at my feet, I hope the grave may refuse my body a resting placerefuse my body a resting place.”.”

Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin Very famous book published on Very famous book published on

slavery, changed American’s minds slavery, changed American’s minds about moral problems of slavery about moral problems of slavery (reader! Page 488)(reader! Page 488)

Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas

Kansas was a debatable state, some Kansas was a debatable state, some wanted slaves some did not.wanted slaves some did not.

Both pro and anti-slavery citizens Both pro and anti-slavery citizens elected their own governments, and elected their own governments, and fighting ensued.fighting ensued.

This was the first real This was the first real bloodshedbloodshed

Dred Scott CaseDred Scott Case Imagine you are a judge: Imagine you are a judge:

how would you rule in this how would you rule in this case? There is a black case? There is a black slave, Dred Scott, who slave, Dred Scott, who moved with his owner to moved with his owner to Wisconsin, a free territory.Wisconsin, a free territory.

Scott’s owner died and Scott’s owner died and Scott filed a lawsuit to Scott filed a lawsuit to become a free man b/c he become a free man b/c he lived in a free arealived in a free area

What do you think What do you think happened?happened?

Dred Scott CaseDred Scott Case The Supreme Court said…The Supreme Court said… NO!NO! They ruled that Scott couldn’t They ruled that Scott couldn’t file a lawsuit b/c he was black, file a lawsuit b/c he was black, and not a citizen, but more of and not a citizen, but more of property.property. They also ruled that Congress could not They also ruled that Congress could not

decide if slavery was not allowed in an decide if slavery was not allowed in an area. This was a big victory for the…area. This was a big victory for the… SOUTHSOUTH

Abraham Lincoln-Abraham Lincoln- The Courage to Stand The Courage to Stand

TallTall A tall, honest, and A tall, honest, and average man named average man named Lincoln ran for Senate Lincoln ran for Senate in Illinois (in Illinois (Land of Land of LincolnLincoln!)!)

He said “He said “If slavery is If slavery is not wrong, then not wrong, then nothing is wrongnothing is wrong…”…”

HOMEWORKHOMEWORKRead pages Read pages 494-503494-503 and and be be prepared for a prepared for a quiz.quiz.