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1 AAU/CSAE ETHIOPIAN RURAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 1994/95 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE THIRD ROUND NOTES FOR VERIFIERS/SUPERVISORS Some questions need to be carefully verified before data entry start. We came across additional items that need coding, ratios that cannot be accepted by the entry form, more than one code in response and a few inconsistencies. In addition to this, open ended questions that appear in different sections of the questionnaire will be categorized and coded. General - For all questions referring to Year, use the last 2 digits, i.e., 1976=76, 1984=84, ... Erase that first 2 digits. - All open ended questions should be categorized and coded. - Fractions, percentages and ratios are not accepted by the entry form. Convert all fractions, percentages and ratios into proportions. Cluster Information - Write the codes for Region, Woreda and PA in the boxes provided (see Region, Woreda and PA code list attached). - USE 3-digit Household number for this survey.

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AAU/CSAEETHIOPIAN RURAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 1994/95

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE THIRD ROUND

NOTES FOR VERIFIERS/SUPERVISORS

Some questions need to be carefully verified before data entry start.We came across additional items that need coding, ratios that cannot beaccepted by the entry form, more than one code in response and a fewinconsistencies. In addition to this, open ended questions that appear indifferent sections of the questionnaire will be categorized and coded.

General

- For all questions referring to Year, use the last 2 digits, i.e.,1976=76, 1984=84, ... Erase that first 2 digits.

- All open ended questions should be categorized and coded.

- Fractions, percentages and ratios are not accepted by the entry form.Convert all fractions, percentages and ratios into proportions.

Cluster Information

- Write the codes for Region, Woreda and PA in the boxes provided (seeRegion, Woreda and PA code list attached).

- USE 3-digit Household number for this survey.

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Part I: HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS, HH ASSETS AND NON-AGRI. INCOME

Section 1

Q.1: Reason for leaving the HHTo live with grandparents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Sick, To be with parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1For religious education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Quarrelled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6To herd livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Fired from work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Run away . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Entered monastery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Went to visit inherited land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20To live with son/daughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Not back after delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Transferred (by employer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Quarrelled with Household member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24To deliver a child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Q.2: Main residenceEritrea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Saudi Arabia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.11: Main activityHerdsman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Look after children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Old and unable to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Q.12: Reason to enter the HHDivorced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15To live with relatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Expelled from settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Returned home/to live with parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Separated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Contract terminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20To help domestic work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Page 2, Section 2

ItemsLageda/Layda (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Mensh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Digir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Enset grating tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Jerry Can . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Senkelo (water bucket)/Baldi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Woskenba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Cup, Glasses, 'Sini', 'Safa', 'Mitad' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Mankorkoria/Ensera/Gembo/Water holder canvas . . . . . . . . . . 24Jendi/Matress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Sel'en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Bible bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Madaberia (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Mencha (Long Sickle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Bicycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

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Q.5. If total value of sales is specified as "Gift", then use code 999.99

Q.6. Reason for sale of itemsOut of use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Lost/Taken away . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Gift/Given away . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16To buy a house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Page 3,

Q.8. Main construction materialsBamboo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10"Satera" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11"Shembeko" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12"Officho" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Note: Some respondents have specified construction materials used to buildthe house (such as, nail, window, door,...). The information requiredhere is the type of the house, not the type of construction materials.Therefore, ignore the type of the construction material and use code(a) only. Note that, if the value of the material is specified,transpose to Section 4, Page 6, Code 362.

Q.9. Cost of construction materialNo cost, from own harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

Q.10. Crop codeTemeje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3"Gommen Zer (Seed)" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Q.12. UnitSefiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Jemb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Page 4, Section 3

Q.2. Source of loanFrom credit association (traditional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9From church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10From son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11From employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12From trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Q.3. Reason for loanTo pay for fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2To invest on business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6For electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7For transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8For construction/to construct a house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9To repay debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15To buy clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Ceremonial (visit delivered woman)/bride price, . . . . . . . . 17To use it for dispute on land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18To visit son in prison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19For court purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20To buy a house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21To help others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22To find lost horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23To buy food for people involved in house construction . . . . . . 24To buy food for non resident HH members . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

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Q.7. Any other business relationshipsNo other business relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Member of iddir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9HH member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Friendship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Tenant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Q.14. Any other business relationshipsNo other business relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Member of iddir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9HH member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Friendship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Tenant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Q.20. No. of times contributedDon't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.23. Use of money from EqubTo buy farm implements/finance farm activities . . . . . . . . . . 6Ceremonial expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14For dowry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Invested in business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Buy food for workgroup called by HH (tradi. labour sharing) . . . 20Sent to relatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21To pay for tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22To pay for equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Had not used the money yet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Page 6, Section 4

ItemsBroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341"Ankelba" (used to carry a child on ones back) . . . . . . . . . 305Umbrella . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306Contribution to Iddir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382Involuntary (forced) contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394Bicycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445Bio-Gas tube (Oxygen gas) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447Labour cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

Note: If expenditure for certain items is not specified ... 999.99. Not willing ..... 888.88.

(i) Expenses for household consumables, such as kerosene, matches,laundry soap, etc.. must be transposed to Page 28, Part 3, Section 4.2.

(ii) Expense for household items, such as "Jeba", "Gembo", "Mitad",etc... use code 341.

Page 7,

ItemsOther (Bible, salary for guard) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430Suret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430Gaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430Alcoholic beverages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432Exercise books, pencil, pen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

Q.10. Relationship with those who paid for education/health of the HHChurch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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Page 8, Section 5

Q.3. Kind of workBroker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Prepare dungcake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Religious worker (Priest, Fereka...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Guza (Support) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Traditional medicine practice ("Wogesh"/Bone-setter)... . . . . . 16Garin milling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Q.4. Location of workNeighbouring PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Outside of the Zone/Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Q.6. Amount earnedHas not received the money (wage) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Cooking oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Biscuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Q.7. Income used forTo prepare food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1To Pay for school fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11To Pay for equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12To Pay tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13To Pay for labourers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Ceremonial expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Repay loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Q.9. Reason for not seeking other employmentToo old/Unable to work/disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Too young to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Needed for domestic work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Don't want to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Lack of money (for transport,.. to look for employment) . . . . . 15Don't have educational qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Don't have any skill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17No male in the HH/All females . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Lack of job that a woman can do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Note: If reason specified is "No other member in the HH" then cross outthe reason.

Page 9,

Q.10: Type of activitiesSpinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Q.14. Income used forTo prepare food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1To Pay for school fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12To Pay for equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13To Pay tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14To Pay for labourers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Ceremonial expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16To pay for veterinary services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Q.15. Off-farm activity male members involvedPrepare/sell farm tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Selling (Kerosene, Oil, Food, Watch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Traditional healer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Collecting and selling fire wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Shoe shining/mending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Fattening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Renting (house, bicycle, donkey, ox cart..) . . . . . . . . . . . 47Manual work/Daily labourer/Carpenter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

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Iddir announcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Q.16. Reason for participating in off-farm activityTo get additional income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10To help my mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Landless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12To help himself . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Disability to participate in farming activities . . . . . . . . . 14

Q.17. Type of receiptGift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Dowry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Pension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9From land rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.19. Source of incomeBrother-in-law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Fiancee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Son-in-law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Iddir/Iddir memebers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7From person who rented in land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Contribution from different individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.20. - Amount received in kindClothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Cooking Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Soap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Wheat flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Fafa flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

- Unit"Shigute" (Beer Bottle = 330 ml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Jog (=1 kg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Note: Please use metric equivalents wherever possible.

Q.21. Use of incomeTo buy clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1For school fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3To purchase farm implements/invest on farm . . . . . . . . . . . . 6To buy seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6For medical expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12For building materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13For ceremonial expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14For equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Paid tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17To buy livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

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Page 10, Section 6

Note: Rearrange the codes in this section

Q.1 HARVESTDrought/Shortage of rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Too much rain/flooding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Pests and diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Harvest losses in storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Frost and hailstorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Animal trampling/eating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Pests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Destruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Late Harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Shortage of fertilizer/seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Landslide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Q.2.1 OXENLivestock disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Death due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Distress sales due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Sold due to problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Lost (accident, falling, taken by flood, not disease related...) 21Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Q.2.2 LIVESTOCKLivestock disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Death due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Distress sales due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Lost (accident, taken by flood, falling,...) . . . . . . . . . . 30Producers' co-op took the oxen/livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Q.3 LANDPA reallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Lost a dispute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Transfers among family members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Eviction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Construction (road,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Tribal conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Producers Co-ops took the land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Lost due to quarrel with husband//relative . . . . . . . . . . . 44Land reallocation under EPRDF programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Land rented out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Q.4 LABOURDeath of husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Death of wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Other death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Illness of husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Illness of wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Conscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Son leaving voluntarily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Daughter leaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Divorce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Husband left . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Death of children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Death of parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Death of grandson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Head imprisoned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Illness of other member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

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Q.5 ASSETSDestruction of house (fire, rains,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Villagisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Tribal conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Q.6 INCOME loss from political eventVillagisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Banning of migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Banning of wage labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84AMC quota's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Forced contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Force labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Bribe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Producers' co-ops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Q.7 INCOME loss from military eventAbduction of men . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Abduction of women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Destruction of market places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Destruction of crops/livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Death of HH member through war . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Disablement due to war . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Land lost its fertility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.8 INCOME loss from illegal eventBanditry (loss of goods/cash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Banditry (death of HH member) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Banditry (disablement of member) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Conflict within PA (Death of member) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Conflict within PA (Disablement of member) . . . . . . . . . . . 104Paid bribe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Confiscated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Paid compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Page 13,

Q.9. RelationshipNo relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Husband of spouse's sister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Cousin's wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Government- RRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Son, Daughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Friend's wife, Sharecropping (Megazo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Ex-husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Other relative (in-laws, foster father/mother...) . . . . . . . . 34Neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35REST (Relief Society of Tigray) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Red Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Catholic Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Kale Hiwot Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41MekaneYesus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42NGO- CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

World Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Radda Barena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45UNICEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46CRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

NGO (not adequately specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Military . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Lutheran World Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Orthodox church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

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Q.9: - ResidenceOutside Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Outside the Zone/Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Durame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Mekele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Maksignit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Shashemene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Kuyera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Awassa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Dera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Lalibela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Combolcha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Woldia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Areka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Adigrat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Edaga Hamus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Imdibir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Arsi Negele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Alemaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Harar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Debre Birhan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Dilla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Note: For Codes (4,5,7) put the codes as prefix for the above places ifspecified.

Q.10 - Relationship, use codes under Q.9.

Q.10 - Kind of HelpLabour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Ox (borrowing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Teff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Sorghum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Maize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Millet/Zengada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Adenguare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Horse beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Cow peas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Lentils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Chick peas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Edible Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Butter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Fafa flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Other flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Berebere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Clothes (inc. blankets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Biscuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35"Kinche" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Sugar Cane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Ox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Farm tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Kitchen utensils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Wheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Food items not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Enset/Kocho/Hamicho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Grain not adequately specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Potato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Not adequately specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Fooder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Heifer/Cow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Medicine/Medical aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Date ("Temir") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Note: For Codes (2,4,5) put the codes as prefix for the above items if

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specified.

Q.10. Kind of help, use Codes above

Page 14, Section 7

Q.2. Change in wealthCan't compare/recently formed HH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Q.3. Think to be better of in the coming 5 years?God knows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Difficult to tell/don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Q.4. Your wealth compared to your fatherLeft home when young . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Don't know my father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Don't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Difficult to compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Q.5. If richer than your father, reasonMore children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Better tenure system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24More number of livestock/Have enough oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Rise in price of chat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Q.6. Note: the codes for this question were erroneously coded. Please,rearrange the codes from 1 to 20 and use the codes through out.Correct all the codes used in some of the questionnairesaccordingly!!

AdditionalMarried to poor husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Large family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Migrated for trade, labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Drought/recurrent drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Cursed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25No inheritance from parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Landless/Lost land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Don't have oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Don't have support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29No one to look after inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Less livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Old age/Unable to work/Disabled, Handicapped . . . . . . . . . . 33Less rainfall/Erratic rainfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Newly formed HH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Illness of husband, HH members, HH head/Poor health . . . . . . . 36Death of husband/No husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Spouse's bad character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Shortage of farm land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Death of livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Polygamy (Husband has many wives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Father is/was powerful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Lack of male labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Wealth confisicated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Living in the countryside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44No irrigated land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Too much tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Required for military service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Q.7. Compared to your friend's HHSome of my friends' parents are rich some are poor . . . . . . . . 7No friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Know nothing about my friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Difficult to compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

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Q.9. Type of bequestHouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Sheep/Goat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Donkeys/Mule/Horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Heifer/Calf/Young bull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Farm implements/Hoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Kitchen utensils (Ensira, Knife, ...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Gold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Tegera/Mariathresa coin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Other cattle (Not specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Anything of value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Chicken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Q.10. UnitTinto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Dero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Quintal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Kattera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Gezem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Number of Mariathresa coin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Gram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Madaberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Akumada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Q.14. Was his/her family richer/poorer than you?Too young when 1st married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Can't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Difficult to compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

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Q.15. Type of transferHouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Sheep/Goat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Donkeys/Mule/Horse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Heifer/Calf/Young bull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Farm implements/Hoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Kitchen utensils (Ensira, Knife, ...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Crops/Teff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Mariathresa coin/Tegera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Honey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Butter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Other cattle (Not specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Anything of value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Note: Some households have reported that money and clothes were given by thegroom and not by their parents.

Q.17. UnitTinto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Dero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Quintal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Kattera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Gezem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Number of Mariathresa coin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Gram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Ensira . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Akumada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Q.19. Bequest is worthCan't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

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Page 16, Section 8

Q.2: HH responsibilityMinor domestic work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Takes care of the House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Running errands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Food-for-work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9No responsibility due to illness/disability . . . . . . . . . . . 10Not Willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Page 17, Section 9

Q.4: A person with son,... what to do?Depends on the ability of the father to do the farm work . . . . . 5

Q.5: A person with daughter,... what to do?Upto him/her to decide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Q.8: Statement which is trueSchooling is not important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Q.9: Expect to live with which childNo children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0God knows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30With all . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Q.11. Main cause of malariaLow land area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Sun ray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Malnutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Air pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.12: Source of information about malariaOwn experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Personal observation/existence of disease . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.14: Cause of DiarrhoeaDon't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Extracting milk teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7"Mich" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Eating raw (not cooked) food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Eating fatty foods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Hard work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Others not adequately specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Air pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Q.15: Source of information about diarrhoeaPersonal observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Page 18,

Q.19: Main source of information about AIDS?People dwelling in urban areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Observing people infected with AIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.20: Things likely to cause diseaseFemales are not circumcised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Note: "Material used for circumcision is dirty" should be included withcutting with dirty instrument.

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Part II: AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK

Page 19, Section 1

Q.5: Land Units

Tinto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Ermija . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Dero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Gezem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Kend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Square Zhir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Medeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Square meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Q.7: Own land or leasedGift from my father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Contract for 2 years from father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Given by a friend before land reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Belongs to PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Gift from a relative after land reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Gift from a friend after land reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Yadera meret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Purchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Q.10: Crop codesTemeje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Wasara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Tekliye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Bamboo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Dengolo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Masho (cereal used to make soup) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Other tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Page 20, Section 2

Q.2: - Quantity harvestedBerberie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80(?)Not dried raw (unprocessed) coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(?)Dried raw (unprocessed) coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Not picked/Not harvested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777.77Not threshed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99Not known . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

- UnitTimad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Baldi (?=20 kg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

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Q.4: Crop codesTemeje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Bamboo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Dengolo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Masho (Cereal used for soup) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Sisal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Note: Some respondents have given aggregate value for different types ofcrops residues.

Q.7: Nature of transactionNo transaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Page 21, Section 3

Q.3: Type of expenditure, use the following codes (circle the response)Fertiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Seeds and Young plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Labour for crop production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Transport related to crop production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Rent for land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Rent for oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Q.3: Method of paymentGift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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Additional Questionnaire

Q.2: Why did you sharecrop (those cultivated some land)

Less harvest/income from own land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Small land holding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Own land less fertile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3To generate additional income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Own several oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Large family/Enough labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Large family (many mouths to feed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Landless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8There is no off farm work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Female/has no one to help on farm work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Land near (in the vicinity) to home/own land . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Lack of seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Own land far away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Own land not accessible for irrigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Lack of oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15No share cropping arrangement exist in Imdibir . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Q.3: Why sharecrop (to those who supplied their land)

Shortage of labour/No male labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Lack/Shortage of oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Didn't have seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Own land located far away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Health reason/problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5No money to buy fertilizer/Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Female headed and/or no man in HH to work on the farm . . . . . . . . . . 7Too old/disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Very sick to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Land less fertile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Land not suitable to cultivate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Lack of farm tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12To help the sharecropper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Engaged in other work, education/Have no enough time . . . . . . . . . 14Own land susceptible to wild animal damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Page 22, Section 4

Q.3: Financing of purchaseCompensation from employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Compensation from land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Selling grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Selling chicken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Gift from gov't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Q.4: Reason for saleTo repay debt (to pay loan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8To pay tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Cattle too old . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Cattle sick/Livestock disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16To buy farm inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18To buy fodder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19For ceremonial expenses (wedding, funeral,...) . . . . . . . . . 20To pay compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Voluntary contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Expense to find employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26To buy clothes for the bride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Transportation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Gift/Dowry/Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29To start business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Q.6. Other types of livestock diseases include the following; Anthrax, Blackleg, Foot and mouth disease, Contagious pleuro-pneumonia, Pneumonia,Bottle jaw, Diarrhoea, Coenurosis.

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Page 23, Section 5

Q.3: Income from HH animal productsHoney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Q.7: Id code of HH member involvedIf specified as neighbour/relative then use code 51.

Q.8: Id code of HH member involvedIf specified as neighbour/relative then use code 51.

Note: Some Households in Doma have specified the arrangement of labour usefor members involved in herding/rearing activities as "in round(fereka)".

Page 24, Section 6

Q.7: Other factors: Group the following set of answers as follows:Hailstorm -> Wind/StormFrost -> Low temperatureWello/Cholera (of coffee) -> Plant diseaseExcess rainfall -> Water logging

Note: Two extra boxes will be included for Small amount of rain/Lack of rainand Other factors, such as, high temperature, land not fertile,Magician.

Q.8: - CropTemeje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Berbere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

- CommentsCholera of coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Wello . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Water logging/ Too much rain (during sowing, harvest...) . . . . . 4Animals (including procupine, wild pig,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Insects ("Mantur", "Felfel", "Woroba",...) . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Hail storm/Wind/Storm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Plant disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Frost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Weed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Animal trampling/eating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Birds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Small amount of rain/drought/high temp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Erratic rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Magician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Land less fertile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Abscence of crop rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Note: Please, select the 1st two comments, and code them.

Q.9: Fertilizer/SeedLack of money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Couldn't get on time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Not available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Land is Teuf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Too expensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Shortage/scarcity of fertilizer/seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

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Part III: FOOD CONSUMPTION, HEALTH, WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES, FERTILITY

Page 26, Section 2

Q.4: - Major symptoms

Eye disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Ear-ache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Swelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Weight Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Appetite Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Syphilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Bleeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Tooth-ache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23"Ekek" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Hemorroids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Arthris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Heart disease/attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Excreation problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Q.6: - Reason for not seeking treatmentUsed traditional medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Lack of money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Don't believe in modern medical treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Gets sick when doctor treats me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Fear of modern medical treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.7: Place of treatmentClinic at work place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Treated at home/self treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Page 28, Section 4

Note: There are two Section 5 appearing on p.28 and p.29. Change Section 5on page 28 to Section 4.2.

Q.1: HH consumablesNaphta/Diesel Oil/Lamba/Kerosen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324

Page 29, Section 5

Note: The most common type of response in this section is, misunderstandingwhat a week should be (7 days). Some have filled in more than sevendays for Question 7, and 8. The reference period is a week, i.e., 7days only. Please check answers in this section.

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Page 30, Section 6

Q.1: - Type of food itemsTemeje . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Sunflower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Kocho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Arera/Aguat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Karia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Berberie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Dilihe (Dukus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Bread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Macaroni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Tea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Injera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Juice/ "Berze" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Wine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Merara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Kiba-Nueg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Ganfur is type of salt (Amole Chew).

Note: There are a few inconsistencies with code (b) and code in the food item column. Thelist on opposite page and the list in the table under Food Type are not the same forcodes 83, 84, 85 and 86. Please check and use corrected codes above.

- Quantity units"Rass" (1 piece for Onion, Garlic, green pepper,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Sini (small) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Sahin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Sefied/Sefiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Dist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Bere'lei (=250 ml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Kettle/Jebena/ Pot (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Bilkat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Butile/Shigute (=Beer Bottle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Sifir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Baldi (=20 lts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Jerry Can . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Kelemeshash (type of Sifet in Tigray) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Small tomato can (?=125 gm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Safa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Woket (=30 gm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Gebete/Buchu (=½ lotterey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Jemb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Efigne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Wochit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Temene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Gembo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Lotterey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Chika (= used for Kocho) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Tekuye (Small basket) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Small kunna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Sale (> Ensira, but < Gan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Gram (=0.001 kg) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Kuch'belu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Spoon (5-10 ml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Gungun (=traditional Can made of grass?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Kidan (Spray stopper?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Kidan (Stopper- Jerry can ?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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Note: From our experience of the 1st and 2nd Round, measurement units havebeen used for food items that can not be measured by the units. Suchas, meat measured in Kunna, Milk in kg, Cheese in Quintal, and so on.Please try to cross check the type of item and unit of measurementused.

Q.4: Received food as gift/loan/barter....?Begging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Page 32,

Q. 13: Who did you give it?"Senbete" (Church) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Beggar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Page 33, Section 7

Q. 1: - Other materials usedMalt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Fafa flour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Tella Residue ("Atela") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

- Quantity UnitPlastic baldi (=20 lts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Barrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Q.3: Activity

Note: If Id code in Q.3 (Id code of HH member responsible) represent a malemember of the HH, then check this against the roster card and transposeit to Page 9, Off-Farm and Business Activities section. The questionis strictly for Female members or children. If any other code appearsin the column, please cross it out!

Selling banana/Buying & Selling Araqi, Beer, Soft drink, Wine/ Trade ingrain, Spices, salt/ Selling Naphta/ Selling Onion, Karia. Group allthese under General trade activities, last row of Q. 3.

Spinning is Handicraft. So transpose to Making and Sellinghandicraft/pottery row.

Female business activities are separated into two tables in thequestionnaire. If you get grains used to make tella (such as "Bekel")transpose to the above table. Other activities such as selling onion,sugar cane, salt,... will be in the last row. The last row of thesecond table will be used for General trade activities.

Q. 4: Income used forTo pay equb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10For transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11For consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Q.5: Any woman in the HH belong to any associationPA women association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Page 34, Section 6

Q.5: Type of marriage arrangementLiving together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Q.6: Duration of marriageDon't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.99

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Q.7: Reason to end marriageI Was very young . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Child death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Large family/ Many births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Gynaecology problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Quarrelled over wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Sickness of husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Sexual problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Blood relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Husband left (abandoned) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Health problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15The existence of Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Husband went to resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Quarrelled over some materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Husband drunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Hate him . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Did not give birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Q.9: Birth dateDon't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.99

Q.12: With whom does child live?With his mother (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Q.13: Age at deathDon't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.99

Q.19: What prevents you from having another baby?Health problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Don't have husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Q.22: Why no more children?Cost of bringing up child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3No husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Page 35, Section 9

Q.1: Advantage of large familyChildren make family happier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Q.2: Disadvantage of large familyCost of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Less respect and recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Emotional strain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Makes poorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.5: Ideal family sizeGod's will/Up to God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Sterilized/ Not fertile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Never thought about it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66As many as I can . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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Q.8: Reason for not attempting to avoid pregnancyWant children as many as God gave me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Don't know about contraception/Lack of knowledge . . . . . . . . . 2Couldn't obtain contraceptives/Hard to get . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Not available in the area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Have never given it a thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Up to God/Against God's will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

(?) I do by birth spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Recently married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Husband sterile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Don't have enough time to go to health center . . . . . . . . . . 20Fear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.9: Methods you know to avoid pregnancyDon't know any methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Continuous breast feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Avoid sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Too old to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Q.10: Where to get contraceptivesGovernment clinic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Where ever available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Don't know where to get/where to go . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16I don't need to go (not willing to use) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Don't want to use/Want more children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Religion forbids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19To old to get pregnant/Menopause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33I don't need to go already sterilized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44I don't need it, husband sterile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55NGO Clinic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Community Health Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Depends on my health condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Don't know (?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.13: Method usedBreast-feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Religious method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Page 36,

Q.16: Which method are you using?Breast-feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Q.20: Would you say husband approves of contraception?Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Page 37, Section 10

Q.1: Energy typeFirewood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301Dungcake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302Charcoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303Twigg (Tree branch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304Leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305Crop residue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306Kerosen/Naphta/Disele Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307Bio-gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Q.1: UnitShigute/Beer Bottle (=330 ml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Sack (Joniya/Kesha) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Jendi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Gebete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

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Q.3: Estimated valueNo market value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

Q.4: What proportion was purchased?Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

Q.6: Source of energyFrom neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Q.7: Who collectsIf person is not member of the HH use Code 51.

Q.10: Other use of dung or residueFor house construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4To make rope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6For Gaay (to burn land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7To make kitchen utensils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8To make Gota/Gotera, Wofhco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9For drinking ("Ashara"- Coffee cover) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10For Bio-gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.11: Type of stone usedClay (local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

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SUPPLEMENT QUESTIONNAIRE

MOBILITY AND STATUS

Page 1,

Q.1: Held any formal/informal office (code a)

Kale hiwot church secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Mekanyesus church secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Mekanyesus church leader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Church treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Coordinator of religious group in the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Member of peace keeping force in the area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26School administration committee treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Service cooperative committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Chairman of women's association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Cadre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Service Coops chairman/secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31School administration committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32PA milita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Chief of herdsmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Not adequately specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Q.3 and Q.4: Main reason for respect (Code b)

Woreda PA chairman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Religious (Serves the church)/God fearing/Sincere . . . . . . . . . . . 19Powerful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Member of idir committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Chairman of clan idir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Idir treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Resided in the area long ago/known by every body . . . . . . . . . . . 24Was a sharp shooter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25PA committee member before 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Good mediator (mediates quarrelled people) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Very good farmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Maheber committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Chief of cattle herds man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Hard working/Have hard working wives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Elder (yeager shimagle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Well to do families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Healer (by praying) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Good father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Good advisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Built a church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Gelahaba (highest traditional title) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Have very rich/good children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Women's association committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Honest (Keeps his/her words) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Owns a lot of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Own a very fertile land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Health worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Has respected wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Local judge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Worrior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

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Page 2

Q.6 and Q.7: Richest people in the community (Code b)

Money lender (arata) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Inheritance (if different from land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Own several livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Own a very fertile land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Good at saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Has support/Has children who can support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Receive remittances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Land on sharecropping arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Was a member of producer's cooperative committee . . . . . . . . . . . 33Own irrigated farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Sharecropper (able to cultivate more land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Has off-farm income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Hires labour for farm work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Pensioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Reaps good harvest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Livestock rearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Used to be a thief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Has always been rich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Has hardworking wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Inheritance (not specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Owns a lot of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Owns good quality "Chat" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Small family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Donation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Health worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Q.5: Reasons for despising (Code a)

Lier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Jealous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Talkative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Deeds to harm people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Evil-eyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Taking away others' property /Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Negligence when livestock trample/eat someone's harvest . . . . . . . . 25Making people to quarrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Not willing to help others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Gossip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Womenaizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Prostitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Those who alleinate themselves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Those who sale their land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Q.5: Approx. number of people despised

Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888.88Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

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Page 3,

Q.8: Reason for being poor (Code a)

Large family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Sold his/her land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Don't have oxen/No cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Disabled/Deaf+dumb/Blind/Handicapped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Too old . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Own less fertile land/small land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Sharecropping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lost land by force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Concentrate more on wage employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Don't have enset in the field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32No help/No support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33No house/Poor housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34No children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Not God's will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Sharecropping (renting out land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Displaced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Demobilized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Prostitutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48No off-farm income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Landless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Not lucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Times are harder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Poorer by witchcraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Lazy spouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Land rented out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55New settler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56No spouse/Divorcee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Q.9: Reason for being powerful (Code b)

Chairman of the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2An elder ("Yager shimagle") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Good physician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Good mediator (mediates quarrelled people) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Work in NGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Good farmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Service cooperative committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Hard working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18PA committee member before 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Wisdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Good at arguing/debate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Traditional skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Lawyer (local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Son of clan chief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Private job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Cruel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Strong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Honest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Intelligent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Physical strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Quarrellsome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Education/Educated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Member of elders council . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Iddir chairman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Warrior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41"Shifta"" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Talkative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Good behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Soldier/Ex-soldier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Decendent of noble family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

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Page 4,

Q.12: Reason for support (Code a)

Good farmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Service cooperative member/PA committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Hard worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Powerful connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Strong man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Kindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Good administration ability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Help needy people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Q.13: Source of support (Code b)

Age (yeager shimagele) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Good physician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Good mediator (mediates quarrelled people) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Work in NGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Good farmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Service cooperative committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Brave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18PA committee member before 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Wisdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Good at arguing/debate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Traditional skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Lawyer (local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Member of elders' council . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Organizational ability/leadership quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Kindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Loyalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Honest/Truthful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Warrior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Chairman of the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Hard worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Crule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Good personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Good home manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Provides job opportunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

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Q.16: Reasons for being there (Code e)

For training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Social commitment (wedding, funeral, Maheber,..) . . . . . . . . . . . 16For a meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Seeking medical treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22For land/other dispute (to court) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23To visit Holy water (tsebel)/traditional site . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24To be witness at court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25To seek a job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Work place there . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27To attend religious education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Imprisoned there . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29To live with relatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30To pay taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31To look after patient/accompanied patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32To church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33To go to Awraja office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34To receive "arrata" from tenants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35To take up a job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36To take cattle for grazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Escape from national military service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38To teach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Migrated due to triable conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40For sport tournament . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41To pray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42To receive salary/pension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Forced to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44To fetch wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45To receive aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46To look for relatives (brother, sister,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49To attend conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50To attend course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51To receive a guest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Migrated due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Migrated due to war . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Muda /Shek Hussen/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55To bring back spouse (after separated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Quarrelled with husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Stayed on my way/Went to another area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59To beg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60To receive religious title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61To visit tailor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62To look for stolen property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Rehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

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Q.1: Held any formal/informal office?

Use code (a) of Page 21

Q. 2: Main reasons for respect (Code b)

PA Women's association committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Good mediator (mediates quarrelled people) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Hard working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Elder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Serve as midwife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Help needy people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Neighbours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Give loan when needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Married to clan chief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Healer (by praying) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Iddir secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Organizational ability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Decendent of noble family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

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Q. 3: Reasons for despising (Code c)

Liar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Don't respect husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Wealthy but don't like support the needy people . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Wizards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37"Buda" (evil eyed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Takative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Theif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Poor house management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Q.3: Approx. number of people despised

Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999.99

Page 6

Q.4 Reasons for being rich

Money lender (arata) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Inheritance (if different from land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Inherited business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Inheritance (money) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Own several livestock/Have many cattle/Have oxen . . . . . . . . . . . 28Own a very fertile land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Good at saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Has support/Has children who can support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Has rich sons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Receive remittances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Land on sharecropping arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Member of producer's/Service cooperative committee . . . . . . . . . . 33Work in NGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Enough male labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Husband gov't employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Inheritance (not specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Use of free labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Hard working husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Q.5: Reasons for being poor (Code b)

Large family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Sold his/her land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Don't have oxen/No cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Disabled/Deaf+dumb/Blind/Handicapped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Too old/Old age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Own less fertile land/small land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Sharecropping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lost land by force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Concentrate more on wage employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Don't have enset in the field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32No help/No support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33No house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34No husband/No man/No children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Health problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Lack labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37God's will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Land rented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Landless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Divorced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Husband lazier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48No luck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Poor house management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

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Q.6: Reasons for being powerful (Code c)

Business person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Chairperson of women's association before 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Hard working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Wisdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Good at arguing/debate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Wealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Serves as midwife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Elder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Educated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Have strong children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Married to respected man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Good house wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Women's association committee member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Husband is trader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Husband is wealthy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Personal quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Talkative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Physically strong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

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Q.8: No. of years lived in this PA

Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999

Q.9: Reasons for being there

Seeking medical treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22For land dispute (to court) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23To visit Holy water (tsebel)/traditional site . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24To be witness at court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25To look after patient/accompanied patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32To church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33To go to Administration office (Awraja/Woreda) . . . . . . . . . . . . 34To teach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Migrated due to triable conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40For sport tournament . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41To pray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42To receive salary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Forced to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44To fetch wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45To receive aid/food aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Social commitment (wedding, funeral, Maheber,..) . . . . . . . . . . . 48To look for relatives (brother, sister,...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49To attend conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50To attend course/education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51To receive a guest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Migrated due to drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Migrated due to war . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Muda /Shek Hussen/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Quarrelled with husband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57To look for lost child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58To flour mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59To follow spouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60National military service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61On my way to the area/resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62To visit tailor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Q.11 What did you bring (Code d)

Clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Honey & butter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Brought nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20All specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Grain/food crop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Jwellery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

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Q.12: What can you take from household (Code d)

Half of our property/All the property equally . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Could take nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Quarter of our assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16According to Shria law (NIKA=around 30 birr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Can't divorce /priest's wife/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19God knows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Half of the property except land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Clothes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22As decided by elders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Half of the property except land and house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Not willing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Q.13: Who do you borrow from (Code e)

From money lender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10From idir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11From relatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12From children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13From mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Would sell own item own than to borrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Borrowing is despised in our community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21No body (no body can borrow me) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22From credit association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Don't need to borrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Anyone who can . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

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Q.16: Work done in women group (Code a)

Food processing for idir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Processing kocho/Grating/Scrapping enset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Weeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Preparing food for guests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Gathering stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Preparing dung cake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Q.16: Other relations (Code d)

Belong to the same idir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Member of the same church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Neighbours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Relatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Friends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Q.17 and Q.19: Wealth comparison (Code e)

My mother died when I was a child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6I don't remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Don't know my mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Difficult to estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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Q.18: Why poorer than mother (Code f)

Time are harder now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Erratic rainfall/Drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Unlucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Health reason/Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19No support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Husband dead/migrated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Landless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Newly married/Recently formed household/Young hh . . . . . . . . . . . 23Death of livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Owns less number of livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Don't have oxen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Not received bride price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Up to god . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Living in countrside/mother living outside the area . . . . . . . . . . 31Recurrent marriage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Not successful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Don't know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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1. Region, Woreda and PA Codes

Region (Name and Code) Region 1. Tigray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Region 3. Amhara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Region 4. Oromiya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Region 7. Southern Peoples' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Region 8. Southern Peoples' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Region 9. Southern Peoples' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Woreda (Name and Code) Atsbi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01 Subhassahsie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02 Ankober . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 Bassona Worana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04 Enemayi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05 Bugena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06 Adaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07 Kersa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08 Dodota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 Shashemene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Teltele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Cheha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Kedida Gamela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Bule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Bolosso Sorie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Daramalo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Peasant Association (Name and Code) Haresaw tabia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01 Geblen tabia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02 Dinki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 Debre Berhan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04 Yetmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05 Shumshaha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06 Sirbana Godeti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07 Adele Keke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08 Korodegaga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 Trirufe Ketchema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Beke Pond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Imdibir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Aze Deboa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Adado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Gara Godo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Doma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 D.B-Milki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 D.B-Kormargefia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 D.B-Karafino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 D.B-Faji Bokafia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20