A Synergistic Approach to improve Multibeam Backscatter ......Advances in seaf loor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination

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A Synergistic Approach to improve Multibeam Backscatter Classification Methods for

Geological/Habitat Mapping

Hydro 2010 ConferenceRostock, Warnemunde, Germany

November 4, 2010

Craig J. Brown1, Stephen Smyth1 , Arnold Furlong1, Glen King3, Gerard Costello3, Patrick Potter4 , Jeffrey S Melton5

1 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS2 ODIM Brooke Ocean-part of the Rolls-Royce Group, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. p y p, ,

3 Canadian Hydrographic Service, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS 4 Natural Resources Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS

5 3E Consulting LLC, Dover, United States of America

Overview

Drivers for effective marine management programs

Challenges in Marine Habitat Spatial Mapping

The benefits of backscatter – new tools

Proof of Concept – Bay of Fundy

Issues with multi-source MBES data sets

Preliminary Results

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Population Density

40% within 100km of coastline

6km 10kmApplications of MBES data

ScotlandLophelia reef

Navigation Geology Biology

Lophelia pertusa?

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Terrestrial spatial data Marine spatial data –BENTHOSCAPE…?

Remote sensing for ecological study (spatial ecology – a landscape-scale approach)

• Identification of spatial patterns in species, community and habitat distributions

• Estimation of habitat coverage, frequency, fragmentation, human impacts

• Identification of priority habitats

• Identify and establish protected areas

• Monitoring change

Example from the NI countryside survey

Remote sensing for ecological study:THE BENTHOSCAPE APPROACH

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Geocoder analysis of MBES BackscatterCorrected for Radiometric and Geometric Distortions

CorrectedBackscatter (half) Swath

1) Mapping and Mosaicking

Backscatter (half) Swath

2) Seafloor Characterization -ARA AnalysisFonseca, 2006 Backscatter workshop

Bay of Fundy

Brown et al. (2010). Advances in seafloor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination. CARIS 13th International User Group Conference, Miami, Florida, USA. March 22-25, 2010

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Bay of Fundy


Bay of Fundy


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Bay of Fundy

Dealing with multisource MBES backscatter data sets?

Objectives

Use Bedford Basin patch test multibeam data spanning several years with p p g yFFCPT in-situ sediment data and sediment grain size (grab) sample data to compare and calibrate Angular Range Analysis performed by Geocoder

Investigate the effect of MBES data acquisition parameters (e.g. Pulse length, gain settings, mode of operation, etc) on seafloor feature recognition

Test Geocoder performance analysis/classification between data sets collected at selected small-area case study sites

Compare the results against other processing methods

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Study sites

Multiple MBES Data – Bedford Basin, Halifax

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Moving Vessel ProfilerMoving Vessel Profiler

Moving Vessel Profiler (MVP) – capable of deploying a variety of payloads

Payloads

Typical baseline sensor Speed of Sound Temperature and Pressure or Typical baseline sensor – Speed of Sound,Temperature and Pressure, or Conductivity Temperature and Pressure (CTD)

Additional scientific sensors can be added, fluorometer, plankton, optical backscatter, pH, ...

Alternatively the Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT) can be deployed

Other tools and instruments in development – samplers cameras (still andOther tools and instruments in development samplers, cameras (still and video), ...

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Moving Vessel Profiler (MVP) Mode of Operation

Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT)

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CCGS MATTHEW with an MVP and Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT) installed

Sensors Measured (Calculated) Values Empirical Value

Acceleration Penetration resistance

Free Fall Cone Penetrometer (FFCPT)

(±5g, ±25g, ±100g)

(Undrained Shear strength)

Grain SizeCharacteristics

Pressure(nose and tail)

Pore & hydrostatic pressures(Undrained Shear strength)

OpticalSensor

Mud line detection

Sound Velocity and Pressure

Water column sound speed

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Underway Free Fall Cone Penetrometer data collection allows groundtruth of

multisource MBES backscatter data sets

Use Bedford Basin patch test multibeam data spanning p p gseveral years with FFCPT in-situ sediment data and sediment grain size (grab) sample data to compare and calibrate Angular Range Analysis performed by Geocoder

FFCPT penetration depth data has been processed using the probe dynamics analysis software and is presented in the following graphic

Compare the results against other processing methods yet to be completed

Preliminary Results

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GISSlope

Aspect

Oth

Caris software

Bathymetry

Geocoder applications: Navigation, Geology, and Habitat

Chart production(Caris HPD)

Electronic chartsS-57 Nature of the Bottom

Other…

Grain size

Impedance

Roughness

MBES data

Bathymetry

Backscatter(Geocoder

tools)

S fi i l di t

Validation

(SBDARE)

Paper chartsNature of the seabed

information

Raster charts

Surficial sediments

FFCPT (geotechnical)

Ground-truthing data

Geological data Add coring....

GISSlope

Aspect

Oth

Caris software

Bathymetry


Geological Maps

Surficial geologyFacilitate interpretation of data for:Other…

Grainsize

Impedance

Roughness

MBES data

Bathymetry


tools)

Validation

for:• Mapping surficial sediment

and bedforms

• Understanding geological/hydrological processes

• Etc…

Validation

S fi i l di tSurficial sediments



Geological data

Other Geophysical data setse.g. Sidescan sonarSub-bottom seismic

etc…

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GISSlope

Aspect

Oth

Caris software

Bathymetry

Map outputs

Benthoscape

Segmentation

U i d

Signature development


Other…

Grainsize

Impedance

Roughness

MBES data

Bathymetry


tools)

Habitat suitability modellingValidation

ENFA (species)

Benthoscape map

Species specific habitat

maps

“Sensitivity” maps

(based on traits of indicator species)

Unsupervised classification

Supervised classification

Validation

S fi i l di t


Geological dataCommunity analysis

Traits analysis

Single speciesBiological data

( p )

ENFA (traits)

Validation

indicator species)

Validation

Surficial sediments


Future work

• Compare Geocoder backscatter mosaics (absolute dB values) and ARA outputs between MBES systems/platforms/years

• Collection of sediment grab samples from the patch test and case study• Collection of sediment grab samples from the patch test and case study areas within Bedford Basin – compare with ARA outputs and FFCPT data sets

• Explore calibration options using the Geocoder tools (i.e. beam pattern corrections) to align ARA outputs between MBES systems

• Compare the effects of backscatter acquisition parameters on the Geocoder backscatter outputsp

• Devise a data acquisition and processing strategy to maximise the value of MBES backscatter data for multiple applications (chart production, geological mapping, biological/habitat mapping)

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Thank you!

Questions?Questions?

We thank: • The crew of the CCGS Matthew, CSL Plover, CSL Pipit; CHS and NRCan personnel involved in

MBES data acquisition and processing

• Natural Resources Canada for provision of sediment grain size data

• The support of the MVP/FFCPT team at ODIM Brooke Ocean – part of the Rolls-Royce Group

• For input and suggestions we thank: Stephen Smith, Peter Lawton, Ellen Kenchington and Alain Vezina (DFO); Stephen Parsons, Herman Varma, Mike Lamplugh, Chris LeBlanc (CHS)

This program of research is supported by the Ecosystem Research Initiative for the Gulf of Maine.

Documents

A Synergistic Approach to improve Multibeam Backscatter ......Advances in seaf loor habitat mapping: The application of multibeam backscatter data using CARIS tools for habitat discrimination