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A risto tle s Po e tics, ,C h ristin e H o C h itra M osa rla
Ire m A se lcio g lu.M r Schurtz
E n g lish A P 1 24 Feb ru ary 2 0 1 0
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A risto tle s B io g ra p h yC h ristin e H o
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arly Years
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Aristotles father Nicomachus was the royaldoctor for the
Macedonian king
Exposed to first aid techniques and basicdrug therapy
Trained and educated as a member of thearistocracy
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Schooling
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Sent by his guardian to study in Platos Academyat Athens
Remained there for twenty years as a student, thenas a
researcher and teacher
Won recognition as Platos most brilliant student
Earned the nickname The Reader from Plato
Shifted interests from Platonic ideas to moreconcrete
studies
Left Platos Academy because it was turning
philosophy into mathematics (Aristotle)
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lato s Influence
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Aristotle believed that everything exists for anend, and a good
one at that (Plato)
As for Plato, the study of individuals is only part ofthe study
of society
Classifications in his biological researches served tosome
extent as a model for his political thought
Soon after Platos death in 347 BC, Aristotlestepped out of
Platos shadow
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Teaching
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335 BC, Aristotle began teaching, sponsoringresearch programs
and organizing collectionsand a library in the Lyceum (sacred grove
ofApollo Lyceuis and the muses)
Organgon (Instrument, Tool)
The first of its three books discusses the logical
proofs based on dialectThe second turns to proofs that make use
of
psychological and ethical factors
The third presents a review of matters relating tostyle,
arrangement, and figures of speech
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Poetics is a study of poetry
Originally dealt with epic, tragedy, and comedy, butthe work as
it has come down to us is mainly ananalysis of tragedy
Rhetoric deals with the means of persuasion
Tutored Alexander the Great
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Po e ticsC h itra M o sa rla
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. . .P lo t P lo t P lo t ,T h e m o st b e a u tifu l co lo u
rs la id o n,co n fu sed ly w ill n o t g ive a s m u ch p le a su
re a s
( ).th e ch a lk o u tlin e o f a p o rtra it A risto tle
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In this vein Aristotlestresses that the life oftragedy lies in
theconstruction of its plot
The importance of anexceptional plotsupersedes that
ofexceptional actors
The plot must not be anarrative but rather animitation, a
mimeticrepresentation, of lifeof life
By the same tokenepisodic pots, despitetheir natural flow,
areunacceptable and arerendered as the mostbase poetic art if
eventhat
Mechanical successiondetracts from thecatharsis of emotion,the
ultimate goal oftragic poeticexpression
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ore Concepts
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Protagonist
Character must be true to life: for this is a distinctthing from
goodness and propriety, as heredescribed (Aristotle).
The protagonist must neither be a man of greatvirtue nor one of
great vice
Misfortune is brought on by circumstantial failingthat could
happen to any man
The plot should not revolve around unity of theprotagonist but
unity of the action or segment oflife which is to be imitated
Not necessary to encompass all that occurred in thelife of the
protagonist
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Unity of Action
The action must be clearly constructed intothree distinguishable
components:
A beginning is that which does not itselffollow anything by
causal necessity, butafter which something naturally is or comesto
be. An end, on the contrary, is that whichitself naturally follows
some other thing,either by necessity, or as a rule, but hasnothing
following it. A middle is that whichfollows something as some other
thingfollows it (Aristotle).
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This is another component that adds to the notionthat allowing
the story to flow in a manner thatoptimizes the natural imitation
of life
The events that occur need to occur in accord withthe premise of
probability and necessity
The events in a tragedy need not be in exact accordwith history.
They must occur in a manner thatseems natural or probable.
How a tragedy ends is the most important aspectof this framework
because it ultimately affects
the catharsis of emotion
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Epic vs. Tragedy
The Epic may include:
Unity of time
Narration based
No single
culmination
The tragedy must include:
Unity of action
Imitation based
A definable end, culmination of
action
.Spx org.Broadwayworld com
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.Comedy vs Tragedy ( ).Comedy is lesser of the two Aristotle
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Comedy constructs the plot on the lines ofprobability, and then
inserts characteristic
names. This is not unlike modern satire.Tragedians on the other
hand utilize the realnames as to present a complete imitation of
life(Aristotle).
It presents less serious situations that are of vastlysmaller
magnitudes than tragedy.
It presents a plot in which no one slays or is
slain(Aristotle).
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Influence
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Early History
The fate of the Poeticsimmediately followingAristotles dead
isshrouded in obscurity
The ideas trickled
throughout history in theworks of writers such asNeoptolemus who
isthought to have borrowedmany of Aristotles ideas.
Horaces Ars Poetica, theinspiration for muchRenaissance drama
was aneo-classical version ofthe original Poetics whichfurther
disseminated
Aristotles ideas.
Where can you find it?
Shakespeares Works: Thethemes of the Poetics areobvious is
Hamlet andMacbeth.
The fundamental constructionof many a
silver-screenproduction.
The works of Ovid, Seneca,Roman Comedy, and Virgil.
.Shakespeare2006 ne
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Tragic HeroIrem Aselcioglu
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Works Cited
"Aristotle." Wilson Web (1980): n. pag. Wilson Biographies.
Web.1 Feb. 2010. .
Halliwell, Stephen.Aristotles Poetics. N.p.: The University
ofChicago Press, 1998. Google Books. Web. 3 Feb.2010.
Sampson, Michael. Universals, Plot and Form in
AristotlesPoetics. www2.swgc.mun.ca. University of Michigan,
n.d.Web. 1 Feb. 2010.
Scientists: Their Lives and Works. Online ed. 1-7 vols. N.p.:
n.p.,
2006. N. pag. Biography Resource Center. Web. 2 Feb. 2010.
Stenudd, Stefan. Aristotles Poetics. stenudd.com. N.p.,
2006.Web. 2 Feb. 2010..
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