A Pictorial History of the English Civil War Chap 1

8/6/2019 A Pictorial History of the English Civil War Chap 1

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Z`m \aizcrakf @ayzcrq cg Z`m Mnhfay`

Iawaf Xkr

I`k|zmr ;

Anzrcj}izacn

An z`m àyzcrq cg nkzacny& ky cg anjawaj}kfy& z`mrm krm m|ci`y knjiraymy xài` ekrd zrknyazacn& jmwmfc|emnz& cr rmzrchrmyyacn. An z`mikym cg kn mnzarm |mc|fm& z`m |rcimyy cg i`knhm ekq bm y|rmkjcwmr k fmnhz mnmj zaem knj z`m y}iimyyawm yzm|y ekq bmycemx`kz }njmganmj& qmz bq ice|kranh cnm |mracj xaz` kncz`mrz`m jaggmrmnimy xaff ifmkrfq k||mkr.

Y}i` kn m|ci` xky z`m garyz `kfg cg z`m ymwmnzmmnz` imnz}rq4 y}i` kirayay xky z`m yzr}hhfm bmzxmmn z`m Yz}krz Ic}rz knj z`m Mnhfay` nkzacn.

Rmj}imj zc azy yae|fmyz gcre& z`m aeemjakzm {}myzacn zc bmjmiajmj xky& x`mz`mr z`m |mc|fm mpayzmj gcr cnm ekn& cr cnm ekngcr z`m |mc|fm& x`mz`mr z`m kffmhmj Jawanm Rah`z cg Danhyà|& xkyy}|mracr zc z`m rah`zy cg }nawmrykf ekn`ccj.

Z`m brckjmr {}myzacn xky z`m ymi}ranh cg |cfazaikf fabmrzq ky z`mice|fmemnz cg z`m miifmyakyzaikf fabmrzq kiàmwmj an z`m |rmimjanhimnz}rq.

Zày xky anmwazkbfm& xaz` z`m hrcxz` cg z`m eajjfm ifkyy& xaz`mp|knjanh anzmffahmnim& xaz` z`m anirmkym an iceemrim& xaz` z`m

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Iawaf Xkr

mpzmnyacn cg gcrmahn zrkwmf& knj kbcwm kff& xaz z`m yafmnzhmreankzacn cg z`m hrmkz |rania|fmy c}z cg x ai` y|r}nh& z`mrmfahac}y fagm cg z`m jkq.

Cg z`m nkzacnkf danhy& z`m n}ebmr cg hmn}anm r}fmry ay mpzrmemfqyekff& |mr`k|y ncz yc eknq ky ikn bm ic}nzmj }|cn z`m ganhmrycg cnm `knj4 knj kecnh z ay n}ebmr& Okemy knj I`krfmy krm

kyy}rmjfq ncz zc bm anif}jmj.

Z`mar |mrycnkf gcabfmy& xmkdnmyymy& knj iraemy& nmmj cnfq zc bmhfknimj kz yc gkr ky z`mq `kwm knq bmkranh }|cn z`m ic}rym cgmwmnzy& gcr z`m fagm knj jmkz` yzr}hhfm }|cn x ai` z`m Mnhfay`|mc|fm mnzmrmj z`m c|mnanh cg z`m ymwmnzmmnz` imnz}rq& ay e}i`ecrm xcrz`q zc bm jmzkafmj z`kn z`m fqanh& anzrah}m& bf}njmry&gkwc}razaye& knj yz}|ajazq cg k rkim cg rcqkf dnkwmy.

Nmaz`mr cg z`m garyz Yz}krz ecnkri`y cg Mnhfknj `kj z`m ymnym zc

jayimrn z`m yahny cg z`m zaemy& ncr z`m `cnmyzq zc h}ajm `aeymfg bqz`m r}fmy cg iceecn o}yzaim knj |rcbazq.

Kiimyyacn cg Okemy ;yz K.J. ;7


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Iawaf Xkr

Jmyirabanh z`m |mrycnkf k||mkrknim cg Okemy& Xmfjcn& k xrazmr cg

z`m zaem& @m xky cg eajjfm yzkz}rm& ecrm icr|}fmnz z`rc}h` àyifcz`my z`kn an ày bcjq& qmz gkz mnc}h`4 ày ifcz`my bmanh fkrhmknj mkyq& z`m jc}bfmz {}afzmj gcr yzafmzzc |rccg4 ày brmmi`my an|fkazy& knj g}ff yz}ggmj. @m xky nkz}rkffq cg k zaecrc}y jay|cyazacn&xài` xky z`m rmkycn cg ày {}afzmj jc}bfmzy. @ay mqmy fkrhm& mwmrrcffanh kgzmr knq yzrknhmr z`kz ikem an ày |rmymnim& anyce}i` kyeknq gcr y`kem `kwm fmgz z`m rcce& ky bmanh c}z cg ic}nzmnknim.@ay bmkrj xky wmrq zàn& ày zcnh}m zcc fkrhm gcr ày ec}z`& knjekjm àe jrand wmrq }nymmefq& ky ag mkzanh ày jrand& xài` ikem

c}z anzc z`m i}| cg mki` yajm ày ec}z`. @ay ydan xky ky ycgz kyzkggmzk ykrymnmz4 x ai` gmfz yc& bmik}ym `m nmwmr xky`mj ày`knjy& cnfq r}bbmj ày ganhmr mnjy yfah`zfq xaz` z`m xmz mnj cg knk|dan. @ay fmhy xmrm wmrq xmkd& `kwanh ky ycem z`c}h`z& ycemgc}f |fkq an ày qc}z`& cr rkz`mr bmgcrm `m xky bcrn4 z`kz `m xkyncz kbfm zc yzknj kz ymwmn qmkry cg khm4 z`kz xmkdnmyy ekjm àemwmr fmknanh cn cz`mr emny y`c}fjmry. @ay xkfd xky iari}fkr.

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Iawaf Xkr

Mnhfay` |}razkny `c|mj z`kz xaz` ày Yiczzay` \rmybqzmrakn}|branhanh& Okemy xc}fj y}||crz z`me an z`mar mggcrzy zcxkrjyi`}ri` rmgcrey& an |krzai}fkr& z`m rmecwkf cg z`m M|ayic|kiq& b}zz`mq xmrm eayzkdmn.

\krfakemnz icnyayzmj mpif}yawmfq cg z`m |rc|mrzq cxnanh ifkyymy&

ekanzkanmj z`kz az cxmj azy |rawafmhmy zc rah`z& knj ncz z`m danhyhrkim& b}z az zcc xky zc bm jayaff}yacnmj.

Z`mym rmomizacny& z}rnmj \krfakemnz khkanyz z`m danh.Z`m jaykhrmmemnzy bmzxmmn z`m Danh knj \krfakemnz& xmrmkiimnz}kzmj bq k fkid cg ecnmq.

Okemy `kj an`mrazmj k y}byzknzakf jmgaiaz grce [}mmn Mfakbmz`&knj mggcrzy zc rmj}im zày& ic}|fmj xaz` z`m angf}p cg |rmiac}yemzkfy& grce z`m nmx xcrfj& knj kfecyz ecrm |rmiac}y y|aimy&

grce z`m gkr mkyz& irmkzmj àh` angfkzacn.

Zc ekdm ekzzmry xcrym& Okemy xky |mrycnkffq mpzrkwkhknz&fkwayành ecnmq cn ày gkwc}razmy& an y|azm cg z`m mggcrzy cg àyiàmg kjwaymr& Rcbmrz Imiaf& Mkrf cg Ykfayb}rq& zc rmj}immp|mnjaz}rm& bq rmecwanh z`mar |mnyacny knj yanmi}rmy.

Hmcrhm Waffamry

Hmcrhm Waffamry& xky Okemy(y iàmg gkwc}razm. Okemy ekjm àe&J}dm cg B}idanh`ke an ;729. Eknq cg z`m crahankf fmzzmry& xài`|kyymj bmzxmmn z`me krm |rmymrwmj& knj z`mq krm g}ff cgmwajmnim& cg zc ykq z`m fmkyz& wmrq }njahnagamj gkeafakrazq& knjycemzaemy& hrcyy anjmimniq.

An cnm cg ày fmzzmry& z`m Danh zmffy B}idanh`ke& z`kz `m xmkry ày

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Iawaf Xkr

|aiz}rm& an k bf}m rabbcn& }njmr ày xkayzickz& nmpz zc ày `mkrz.

Ycem ecnmq xky cbzkanmj grce z`m zrkjazacnkf gm}jkf j}my& knji}yzce j}zamy& kn anirmkym an xài` }|ymz bcz` z`m krayzcirkzai&knj ecnmqmj ifkyymy.

\krfakemnz rmg}ymj zc hrknz Okemy knq ecrm ecnmq& an gkiz& zramj

zc bkn z`m gm}jkf j}my& xài` xc}fj cnfq `kwm ekjm z`m ekzzmrxcrym.

Kff ày yi`memy& gcr rkayanh ecnmq& ymmemj zc irmkzm cbomizacny&an cnm ymizacn cg \krfakemnz& cr kncz`mr.

Okemy ycfj cgg ircxn fknjy& xài` jmnamj àe z`m rmnzy& knj z`mcbmjamnim cg z`m zmnknzy.@m ycfj zazfmy& zc ncbafazq& x ai` jmwkf}mj z`m |rmyzahm cg z`mFcrjy& bq anzrcj}ianh k iceemriakf& ky c||cymj zc k fknjcxnanh

krayzcirkiq.

X`mn kff mfym gkafmj& Okemy fmwamj zkpmy bq rcqkf |rmrchkzawm&g}rz`mr kfamnkzanh \krfakemnz& xài` ncx kii}ymj àe cg zkizfmyy&knj xknzcn }ym cg |cxmr.

Okemy jamj kz Z`mcbkfjy& cn z`m zxmnzq%ymwmnz cg Ekri`& ;72=&ncz xaz`c}z y}y|aiacn& cg ày mnj& `kwanh bmmn `kyzmnmj bq z`m|ym}jc%emjaikf zrmkzemnz cg B}idanh`ke knj ày ecz`mr.

Kiimyyacn cg Danh I`krfmy ;yz

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Iawaf Xkr

Danh I`krfmy& x`mn `m ikem zc z`m z`rcnm& `m xky 2= qmkry cgkhm.\ranim @mnrq& y`c}fj `kwm bmmn danh& b}z `m `kj jamj& 7z`

Ncwmebmr& ;7;2.

@m xky ymrac}y& crjmrfq& knj ycfmen& fkidanh an ymfg icngajmnim&knj nc ymnym cg `}ec}r.

@m cgzmn `kj mpimffmnz ajmky& b}z& x`mn ày kjwaycry jaj ncz khrmmxaz` z`me& }y}kffq gcr ymfgay` rmkycny&! `m xky ymfjce icngajmnzzc ikrrq z`me c}z.

Kfz`c}h` I`krfmy& jaj ncz gcffcx ày gkz`mry |kzzmrn cg dmm|anhhk}jq qc}nh emn& `m `kj gkwc}razmy& x`c xmrm kekyyanh& |cxmrknj ecnmq.Z`m ic}rz xky kfccg grce z`m |mc|fm& knj `m fawmj mpzrkwkhknzfq&xài` kfamnkzmj z`cym |kqanh zkpmy gcr azy }|dmm|.

@m jaj ncz }njmryzknj z`m iceecn ekn& knj xky }nkbfm zc o}jhmz`m gmmfanhy cg ày |mc|fm& knj zc rmkfaym z`m yzrmnhz` cg z`marknaecyazq. @ay ic}rzamry& gcr z`mar bmnmgaz& ekjm y}rm z`kz ncangcrekzacn& ic}fj rmki` z`m danh& xài` eah`z `kwm kffcxmj àezc jc yc.

Z`mym gkzkf gfkxy an ày i`krkizmr& knj z`m fkid cg ecnmq& gankffqbrc}h`z r}an zc ày rmhaem& knj ày mpmi}zacn.

Z`m mkrfq c||cyazacn& zc z`m danh& jaj ncz knzaia|kzm cr xknz àyjm|cyazacn& b}z zc rmyi}m àe grce& ày |c|ay` kjwaycry knjmnwarcnemnz.

I`krfmy& an`mrazmj ày gkz mry gankniakf |rcbfmey& knj an|krzai}fkr& cnm cg z`m ekocr ik}ymy& z`m J}dm cg B}idanh`ke&x`cym ira||fanh mp|mnyawm gcrmahn |cfaiamy& jrcwm z`m ic}nzrq& anzc

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Iawaf Xkr

xkry xaz` Grknim knj Y|kan.

Kfyc& an k ic}nzrq yzrcnhfq c||cymj zc Ikz`cfaiaye& B}idanh`ke&krrknhmj k ekrrakhm& bmzxmmn I`krfmy knj z`m Grmni` \ranimyy@mnramzzk Ekrak& knj z`mn |rceaymj zc `mf| Rai`mfam}& zc y}bj}mz`m @}h}mnczy& x`c xmrm Ikfwanayzy& knj z`mrmgcrm ifcymfqkyyciakzmj xaz` z`m \}razkny.

I`krfmy& bcrm nc rmymebfknim zc ày gkz`mr. @m xky ncz k jrawmffmr&cr k b}ggccn& cr k icxkrj. Az xc}fj bm kby}rj& zc jmnq `m xky kyi`cfkr& knj k Hmnzfmekn& k ekn cg mp{}ayazm zkyzm& an z`m ganmkrzy& knj cg yzraiz ecrkfy an |rawkzm fagm.

@ay zkfmnz& gcr b}yanmyy& xmrm rmy|mizkbfm4 ày jmemknc}r xkydanhfq. B}z& `m xky gkfym& ae|mrac}y& cbyzankzm& nkrrcx%eanjmj. @mxky ahncrknz& cg z`m zme|mr cg ày |mc|fm& }ncbymrwknz& cg z`myahny cg ày zaemy. Z`m x`cfm |rania|fm cg ày hcwmrnemnz& xky

rmyayzknim& zc |}bfai c|anacn& zaff az ekzzmrmj ncz& x`mz`mr `mrmyayzmj& cr icnimjmj4 zaff z`m nkzacn& xài` `kj fcnh imkymj zcfcwm cr zr}yz àe& `kj kfyc imkymj zc gmkr àe.

I`krfmy& xky ncz cnfq k ecyz }nyir}|}fc}y& b}z }nf}idqjayymebfmr. Z`mrm nmwmr xky k |cfazaiakn& zc x`ce yc eknq grk}jyknj gkfym`ccjy& xmrm brc}h`z `cem bq }njmnakbfm mwajmnim. @m|}bfaifq& jayifkaemj kff z`c}h`z cg ikffanh an gcrmahn kaj& khkanyz ày|mc|fm4 `m |rawkzmfq ycfaiazmj kaj& grce Grknim& Jmnekrd& knj grce

Fcrrkanm. @m jmnamj& z`kz `m me|fcqmj |k|ayzy4 kz z`m ykem zaem&`m |rawkzmfq ymnz ày hmnmrkfy& jarmizacny& zc me|fcq& mwmrq |k|ayzz`kz xc}fj ymrwm.

@m |}bfaifq& zccd z`m ykirkemnz kz Cpgcrj& ky k |fmjhm z`kz `mnmwmr xc}fj& icnnawm kz |c|mrq4 `m |rawkzmfq kyy}rmj ày xagm& z`kz`m anzmnjmj zc zcfmrkzm& |c|mrq an Mnhfknj. @m k}z`cramj& Fcrj

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Iawaf Xkr

Hfkecrhkn& zc |rceaym& z`kz az y`c}fj bm myzkbfay`mj an Armfknj.

@kj ày \krfakemnzy bmmn y}bymrwamnz& zc ày |fmky}rm& `m xc}fj`kwm icnwmnmj z`me ky cgzmn& ky ày nmimyyazamy rm{}armj4 b}zx`mn z`mq |rmy}emj zc {}myzacn z`m xayjce& cg ày emky}rmy&knj zc rmgfmiz cn ày kjwaycry& `m xky kyzcnay`mj kz z`mar zmemrazq&knj `kyzafq jayeayymj z`me zc z`mar `cemy.

Z`}y j}ranh& z`m ymicnj \krfakemnz& cg ày rmahn& xài` kyymebfmjan Gmbr}krq& ;727& `m |fkanfq zcfj z`me& an k fmzzmr& zc z`m y|mkdmr&ncz zc an{}arm kgzmr hramwknimy4 knj an rmgmrmnim& zc z`mice|fkanzy& kbc}z B}idanh`ke& `m ykaj& A e}yz fmz qc} dncx&z`kz A xaff ncz kffcx knq cg eq ymrwknzy& zc bm {}myzacnmj kecnhqc}& e}i` fmyy y}i` ky krm cg meanmnz |fkim& knj nmkr em& `mkjjmj& cn z`m y}bomiz icnimrnanh z`m fmhayfkz}rm& A xc}fj qc}&xc}fj `kyzmn gcr eq y}||fq& cr mfym az xc}fj bm xcrym gcrqc}rymfwmy& gcr ag knq aff `k||mn& A zànd& A xaff bm z`m fkyz z`kz y`kff

gmmf az.

Y}i`& xky z`m fknh}khm& xài` k qc}nh ycwmrmahn cg zxmnzq%gawmqmkry cg khm& z`c}h`z |rc|mr& zc kjjrmyy an z`m garyz qmkr cg àyrmahn& zc kn kyymebfq& z`kz ice|raymj emn cg àh` barz`& cg fkrhmmp|mramnim& knj cg hrmkz rm|}zkzacn.

\krfakemnz& y`cxmj azy cbomizacn& bq xaz``cfjanh grce z`m danh&z`m zrkjazacnkf fagm%zaem hrknz& cg zcnnkhm knj |c}njkhm& zkpmy cn

ae|crzy knj mp|crzy.

I`krfmy& gcffcxmj ày gkz`mry mpke|fm& bq fmwqanh z`me bq rcqkf|rmrchkzawm& knj kz z`m ykem zaem& ae|cyanh& k wmrq }n|c|}fkrik|azkf fmwq.

Kn `cnmyz& eanayzmr eah`z `kwm y`cxn àe `cx xrcnh ày

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Iawaf Xkr

emky}rmy xmrm4 k xaym cnm& `cx aff%zaemj& B}idanh`ke& xkyanik|kbfm cg maz`mr. Z`m wacfmnim knj `k}h`zanmyy& cg ày zme|mr&icngaremj ày ekyzmr an z`m |}ry}az cg z`mym emky}rmy. Z`mi`krkizmr& cg z`m garyz eanayzmr& bmikem z`kz cg z`m kjeanayzrkzacn.

An z`mym kjwmrym icnjazacny& B}idanh`ke& i`knhmj ày |cfaiamy&knj ec}nzmj k r}anc}yfq mp|mnyawm knj }ny}iimyyg}f mp|mjazacn

zc rmfamwm& z`m Yamhm cg z`m @}h}mncz yzrcnh`cfj kz Fk Rci`mffm.B}idanh`ke& xky ifcym zc waizcrq& b}z k y`crzkhm cg gccj knje}nazacny& icnzrab}zmj zc ày gkaf}rm.

B}idanh`ke& xky kyykyyankzmj& bq Oc`n Gmfzcn an ;720.

\krfakemnz& rmfmnzmj& knj hrknzmj z`m danh& z`m rah`z zc zcnnkhmknj |c}njkhm& b}z cnfq gcr cnm qmkr. Zày ang}rakzmj z`m danh&bmik}ym az k||mkrmj& z`kz \krfakemnz& xmrm zqanh zc icnzrcf àe.

@m jayycfwmj \krfakemnz& an ;721& knj |rcimmjmj zc r}fm xaz`c}zaz& gcr z`m nmpz mfmwmn qmkry.

Zày |mracj ay dncxn& ky z m \mrycnkf R}fm.

Wayic}nz Xmnzxcrz`& ay k||canzmj Fcrj Jm|}zq cg Armfknj& an ;799.

Kfyc an ;799& Xaffake Fk}j& ay k||canzmj& Kri`bay`c| cgIknzmrb}rq.

Xaffake Fk}j& xky z`m |mrycn cn x`ce |}bfai `kzrmj& iàmgfq gmff&knj |rcwmj an kn meanmnz jmhrmm& z`m mwaf hmna}y cg zày }n`k||qycwmrmahn.

@ay zkfmnzy& z`c}h` mnkbfanh àe zc ki{}arm k fkrhm |crzacn cgz`mcfchaikf fmkrnanh& ymmey zc `kwm bmmn bq nc emknyicnyajmrkbfm.

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Iawaf Xkr

Z`mrm iknncz bm k ecrm icnzme|zabfm xcrd& z`kn ày jakrq& knjfmzzmry zc Yzrkggcrj& z`c}h` jay|fkqanh& ycem yekrznmyy& |cyymyync hrmkz ik|kiazq. Az ay zr}m& z`kz `m eknkhmj ày cxn jmgmnim&x`mn ae|mki`mj& xaz` ycem kbafazq& b}z cn y}i` ciikyacny&crjankrq emn& krm k|z zc |}z gcrz` rmekrdkbfm& rmkjanmyy knjmnmrhq.

@m xky k ecjmrkzm |rczmyzknz& b}z yzrcnhfq c||cymj zc Ikfwanaye.@m ykx zày ky k z`rmkz zc z`m myzkbfayèmnz& `m xky kii}ymj cg|c|mrq& xaz` rmgmrmnim zc ycem cg z`m emky}rmy `m anazakzmj& b}zkfxkqy xcrdanh xaz` z`m danh.

Z`m \}razkny& ykx Fk}j& bkidmj bq z`m danh& knj eayzr}yzmj& àyIkz`cfai xagm& ky k z`rmkz zc z`mar mpayzmnim.\krfakemnz& y}||crzmj z`m \}razkny& b}z Fk}njy& ecyz c}zy|cdmnc||cnmnzy& xmrm jmkfz xaz` ymwmrmfq& \rqnnm knj cz`mry& xmrm|}bfaifq e}zafkzmj.

Zày irmkzmj kn }|rckr& ncz kz z`m |}nayèmnzy z`meymfwmy& z`mqxmrm iceecn |fkim& b}z z`kz z`m rmia|amnzy& xmrm Hmnzfmemn&ncrekffq ykgm grce icr|crkf |}nayèmnz& cz`mr z`kn mpmi}zacn.

Yzaff bmymz bq ecnmq |rcbfmey& I`krfmy& an ;79:& fmwamj yà|ecnmq.Zày xky k rm{}armemnz& z`kz icyzkf zcxny y`c}fj |rcwajm yà|y gcrz`m nkwq& `m fkzmr mpzmnjmj az zc anif}jm anfknj ic}nzamy.

@ay c||cnmnzy& icnzmyzmj z`m Fmwq& ky az xky ymmn ky k emkny cg|rcwajanh ecnmq& xaz`c}z rmikffanh \krfakemnz& xài` ic}fj nczmpmriaym knq icnyzrkanz cn àe.

An ;798& Oc`n @ke|jmn& k xmkfz`q B}idanh`keyàrm fknjcxnmr&knj k emebmr cg \krfakemnz& rmg}ymj zc |kq.

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Iawaf Xkr

@m xky zkdmn zc ic}rz& z`m ikym xmnz khkanyz àe& b}z z`m wmrjaizxky ifcym.Z`m o}jhmemnz& xky zkdmn bq eknq& ky kn mpi}ym ncz zc |kq& z`mzkp knj z`m rmy}fzanh icngayikzacn cg |rc|mrzq& an fam}& rkaymj kg}rz`mr yzcre.YiczfknjX`mn I`krfmy& anzrcj}imj k nmx |rkqmr bccd& jmyahnmj }|cn

Knhfaikn fanmy& z`mrm xky k racz.Z`m racz zccd |fkim cn& O}fq& 29rj ;798.

Az zccd |fkim& an Yz Hafmy Ikz`mjrkf& an Mjanb}rh`& knj k Bay`c|&xky y}y|mizmj cg icnimkfanh k ir}iagap& bmnmkz`& ày wmyzemnzy&xky i`kymj z`rc}h` z`m yzrmmzy& bq k ecb cg& z`rmm `}njrmjxcemn.

Z`m Ekr{}ay cg @keafzcn& x`c xky z`m danhy iceeayyacnmr& anYiczfknj& xkrnmj z`m danh& z`kz ày ic}nzrqemn xmrm& |cyymyymj

bq z`m jmwaf& knj z`kz ag ày Ekomyzq& }ymj ày kreq& `m xc}fj|rcwcdm rmbmffacn an Mnhfknj& knj rayd z`m ircxn& an ày cz`mrdanhjcey cg Yiczfknj knj Armfknj ky xmff.

Z`m danh& e}yz i`ccym bmzxmmn& kbknjcnanh ày |rkqmr bccd& knjgcrianh az jcxn \rmybqzmrakny z`rckzy& xaz` z`m `mf| cg ày kreq.

An Cizcbmr& |mc|fm gfcidmj zc Mjanb}rh & grce kff {}krzmry&y}||faikzacny& xmrm |rmymnzmj& khkanyz z`m Faz}rhq& grce zxc

Kz mwmrq Icfcnmfy zmnz& k |mnncn gfqanh& Gcr I`rayzy Ircxn knjIcwmnknz.

Z`m Yiczy& x`mn z`mq gc}nj z`meymfwmy jmnc}nimj ky rmbmfy&y}eecnmj `cem& eknq cggaimry grce z`m icnzanmnz& x`c `kjymrwmj }njmr& H}yzkw}y Kjcf|`}y& z`m danh cg Yxmjmn& knj khrmkz eafazkrq anncwkzcr.

;;


12/37


Iawaf Xkr

Bq }n`mkrj cg mpmrzacny& z`m danh hcz kn kreq rmkjq& knjekri`mj& xaz` az zc Bmrxaid. Eknq cg I`krfmy & ycfjamry& xmrmdncxn zc yqe|kzàm xaz` z`m yiczy& knj z`m ky|miz cg kggkary xkykfzchmz`mr& yc }n|rceayanh& z`kz k y`crz zr}im xky khrmmj }|cn.

I`krfmy& `kj zc yahn k& Zrmkzq cg Y}rrmnjmr& ikffmj& Z`m Zrmkzq cg

Bmrxaid.

@m xrczm ymirmzfq zc z`m Kri`bay`c| cg Yz Knjrmxy& z`kz `m xkycnfq qamfjanh zc iari}eyzknimy& knj gcr k zaem& Qc} ekq rmyzymi}rm z`kz& z`c}h` |mr`k|y xm ekq hawm xkq gcr z`m |rmymnz zcz`kz xài` ekq bm bcz` |rmo}jaiakf zc z`m i`}ri` knj c}r cxnhcwmrnemnz& qmz xm y`kff ncz fmkwm z andanh an zaem `cx zcrmemjq bcz`.

Rmikff cg Z`ceky Xmnzxcrz`

I`krfmy& y}eecnmj& àe grce Armfknj& zc kyd ày kjwaim. @m xkyyccn irmkzmj& Mkrf cg Yzkggcrj.An ày c|anacn& |rce|z wahcrc}y knj ag nmimyykrq& r}z`fmyy kizacnbm zkdmn.@m |rceaymj ecnmq knj zrcc|y& grce Armfknj.Z`m danh& zc y`cx ày icngajmnim an àe rkaymj àe zc z`m |cyz cgFcrj Fam}zmnknz cg Armfknj& knj hrknzmj àe z`m mkrfjce `mxknzmj.

Zc rmycfwm z`m ic}nzrqy nmmjy& k nmx \krfakemnz e}yz bm ikffmj&z`m danh khrmmj.

Z`m Mkrf cg Yzkggcrj& xky `kzmj bq z`m \}razkny& bmik}ym `kwanhbmmn k y}||crzmr cg \krfakemnz& an z`m ;72


13/37


Iawaf Xkr

\krfakemnz rmikffmj& K|raf& ;9z`&;7:

Documents

A Pictorial History of the English Civil War Chap 1