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CAREER POINT UNIVERSITYHamirpur (HP) India
(Established under the CPU Act 2012)
A National Conference
on
Recent Innovations in Science amp Engineering
RISE-2016RISE-2016
CAREER POINT UNIVERSITYHamirpur (HP) India
March 04-05 2016
ldquoThinking is progress Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual organization and countryrdquo
ldquoThinking leads to action Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevantKnowledge with action transforms adversity into prosperityrdquo
ldquoIt is very easy to defeat someone but it is very hard to win someonerdquo
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam
ldquoOur philosophy should be to give and you dont need lots of money for that What you need is knowledgerdquo
ldquoEach one of us should plant five trees that would generate oxygen distribute flowers and fruits among
patients in hospitals who dont have visitors teach students who have no access to educationrdquo
ldquoMan needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the successrdquo
ldquoIf you want to shine like a sun first burn like a sunrdquo
ldquo When you speak speak the truth perform when you promise
discharge your trust withhold your hands from
striking and from taking that which is unlawful and badrdquo
ldquoWithout your involvement you cant succeed
With your involvement you cant failrdquo
ldquo ldquoDont take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second more lips are
waiting to say that your first victory was just luckrdquo
ldquoAll of us do not have equal talent But all of us have an equal opportunity to develop
our talentsrdquo
I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering
I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field
I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference
Planning and promoting your success
SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chairman Managing Director and CEO
Message
Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chancellor
I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events
It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution
My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants
Best Regards
Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur
Message
Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam
I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results
Prof MR Sharma
Message
Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
ldquoThinking is progress Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual organization and countryrdquo
ldquoThinking leads to action Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevantKnowledge with action transforms adversity into prosperityrdquo
ldquoIt is very easy to defeat someone but it is very hard to win someonerdquo
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam
ldquoOur philosophy should be to give and you dont need lots of money for that What you need is knowledgerdquo
ldquoEach one of us should plant five trees that would generate oxygen distribute flowers and fruits among
patients in hospitals who dont have visitors teach students who have no access to educationrdquo
ldquoMan needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the successrdquo
ldquoIf you want to shine like a sun first burn like a sunrdquo
ldquo When you speak speak the truth perform when you promise
discharge your trust withhold your hands from
striking and from taking that which is unlawful and badrdquo
ldquoWithout your involvement you cant succeed
With your involvement you cant failrdquo
ldquo ldquoDont take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second more lips are
waiting to say that your first victory was just luckrdquo
ldquoAll of us do not have equal talent But all of us have an equal opportunity to develop
our talentsrdquo
I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering
I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field
I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference
Planning and promoting your success
SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chairman Managing Director and CEO
Message
Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chancellor
I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events
It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution
My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants
Best Regards
Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur
Message
Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam
I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results
Prof MR Sharma
Message
Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering
I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field
I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference
Planning and promoting your success
SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chairman Managing Director and CEO
Message
Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)
Chancellor
I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events
It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution
My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants
Best Regards
Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur
Message
Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam
I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results
Prof MR Sharma
Message
Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events
It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution
My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants
Best Regards
Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur
Message
Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam
I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results
Prof MR Sharma
Message
Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results
Prof MR Sharma
Message
Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
INDEX
Title of the Paper Author Page Number
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma
Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions
Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
Raman Kumar Sharma 1
Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan
Pranshul Sharma 2
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Prof M R Sharma 3
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7
Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication
Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties
Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Saurabh Kango 13
Dilbag Singh
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari
Ms Shashi Bala
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Arti Jamwal 19
Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23
Castor bean A wonderful plant
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26
A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27
Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma
High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari
Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Asha Amita Sharma
Shivani Amita Sharma
Sapna Amita Sharma 24
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma
Manju IB Prasher
Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33
Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique
Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal
Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43
Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors
Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy
Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav
Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39
DK Gautam
KC Mishra 40
Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil
DR Sharma
Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar
Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42
by Phytoremediation MR Sharma
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi
Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 1
Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to
human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading
to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in
water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying
groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are
springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which
3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes
There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific
study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water
Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the
hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard
procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results
of analysis done are presented in this paper
Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach
Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan
2
1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India
2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom
Abstract
The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile
salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties
of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values
have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic
compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at
molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1
in 01 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash
31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural
consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of
different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration
region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been
suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at
higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 2
obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity
of amino acids
Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility
Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction
Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review
Pranshul Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)
Abstract
Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock
catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the
temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds
contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks
The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for
harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a
reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at
lower elevation then its catchments
The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock
catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review
Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related
to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause
The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms
per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys
The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions
of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible
lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom
indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building
services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 3
Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages
Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in
villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term
smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are
delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including
construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building
smart village
Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All
techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used
in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning
monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has
been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in
other region of India
A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms
Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom
2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin
3pratibhasharma892gmailcom
Abstract
The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream
algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data
algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works
recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree
classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many
decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting
very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and
respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming
Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification
Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 4
Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service
Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a
video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game
logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The
scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the
requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud
gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming
differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client
side in latter
In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages
and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service
(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low
bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and
OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace
Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education
Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India
Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin
Abstract
This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education
system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively
participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer
programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high
interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already
familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games
in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which
incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer
Science education and competitive programming
Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 5
English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses
Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta
Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India
Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom
Abstract
This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine
Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates
English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation
Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based
translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and
build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the
two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly
Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art
Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom
2kdnithacin
3pardeepnithacin
4preetikanithgmailcom
Abstract
Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language
Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half
decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades
Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45
paper and Master dissertations
Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 6
Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches
Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of
Technology Hamirpur-177005 India
vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin
Abstract
Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language
processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to
choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies
existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and
Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised
techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)
Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and
Semantic Web
Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised
knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous
words Machine readable dictionary WordNet
Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular
Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation
Amit Kumar
a Dr Debasish Das
b Est Dev Patel
c
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
bAssistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005
cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)
Abstract
An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between
hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to
analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate
Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to
observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has
been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different
experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt
number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of
several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in
both orientations
Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 7
Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated
Parameters For Different Dimensions
Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal
Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India
sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin
Abstract
In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna
+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives
to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we
proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation
parameters for different dimensions
Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain
Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In
Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures
Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan
2 Bhanu Priya
2
1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313
2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India
Abstract
Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl
benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3
) have been
measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5
oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible
spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)
and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region
These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water
systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the
volumetric studies
Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 8
Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium
dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide
S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58
mmolmiddotkg-1
) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different
concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1
and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1
in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide
temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has
been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific
conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the
concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various
thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o
mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o
mS
) and standard free energy of micellization (o
mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of
various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system
Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system
Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate
in the Presence of Glycine
S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been
synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its
structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1
in aqueous solutions of
Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1
has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has
been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have
been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and
thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0
mG ) standard enthalpy change (0
mH ) and
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 9
standard entropy change (0
mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of
intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic
interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system
Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard
entropy change standard enthalpy change
Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of
Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies
S Chauhan and Kailash Singh
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005
Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic
surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives
maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been
determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the
presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface
excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface
film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with
rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with
temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic
interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a
fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension
measurements
Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess
Surface film pressure
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 10
Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino
Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(
density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1
) in aqueous solutions of
metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1
) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and
31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions
have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular
interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient
)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer
)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order
to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated
in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure
makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution
Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter
Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide
Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775
Abstract
Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous
furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1
) at
different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific
acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U
relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained
from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature
These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the
investigated system
Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 11
Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the
Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures
S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005
Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom
Abstract
Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1
in the absence
and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1
aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and
pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant
concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow
minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a
remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being
more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy
change (o
mG ) standard enthalpy change (o
mH ) and standard entropy change (o
mS ) have been calculated from the
temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as
electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium
Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions
tetraalkylammonium bromide
Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies
S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005
Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom
Abstract
Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1
) with amikacin
sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1
) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity
measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to
calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure
(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it
shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be
due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural
rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly
reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules
Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 12
Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants
(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach
S Chauhan and
Santosh Kumari
Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India
E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775
Abstract
The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001
mol∙kgndash1
) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is
used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration
cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the
results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous
medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant
increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard
thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o
mH ) free energy (o
mG ) and entropy (o
mS ) which
makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash
GlycylglycinendashWater) system
Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization
Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of
Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies
S Chauhan Vivek Sharma
Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5
Abstract
The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has
been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and
fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the
plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the
various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o
mG ) standard enthalpy ( o
mH ) and standard
entropy (o
mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC
was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain
minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of
hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine
CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent
agreement with each other
Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 13
Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication
Saurabh Kango
Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
S3kangogmailcom
Abstract
Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are
being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such
machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in
turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating
conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic
performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants
with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the
tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both
surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as
textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant
passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant
in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases
the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing
GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing
Properties
Dilbag Singh
Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India
Email dilbagranagmailcom
Abstract
GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d
detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman
spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO
hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the
GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also
been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy
between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo
bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material
show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the
hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized
GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1
cmminus2
and very low-detection limit of 010
during amperometric sensing of hydrazine
Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 14
Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS
Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom
Abstract
In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a
rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular
waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter
An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters
The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength
for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis
Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation
result have been compared and verified
Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band
Applications
Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Chandel29gmailcom
Abstract
This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication
technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication
system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor
and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been
done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed
with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna
simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated
KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)
DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 15
Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite
Handheld Device
Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=
1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally
studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of
cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas
offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of
the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented
and discussed
Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications
A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for
GPS Applications
Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India
Arunsharma860306gmailcom
Abstract
A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS
applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45
degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration
occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been
allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The
antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to
evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna
has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial
ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the
proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used
for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 16
Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil
Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28
Amita Sharma1 SK Soni
2 Rupinder Tewari
3
1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
2 Department microbiology
3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh
E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom
Abstract
Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic
biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a
platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was
optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The
carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli
expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA
affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically
engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique
properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable
in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential
candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale
The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa
Ms Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is
endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical
compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the
lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days
people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common
people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in
traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities
It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine
like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root
bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems
dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the
presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 17
Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality
Jyoti Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom
Abstract
Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image
Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be
easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )
and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal
to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to
DWT
Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
Similarity Factor
Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features
Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
iamnehasharma07gmailcom
Abstract
Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication
Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except
the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way
to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained
We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on
their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms
is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES
algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption
Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 18
Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service
Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
thakurricha746gmailcom
Abstract
Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)
Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of
service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as
well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and
web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual
testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software
or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance
in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web
service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the
comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web
service testing tools
Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm
wizdl
Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms
Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India
sharmashiksha832gmailcom
Abstract
Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data
mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network
Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is
the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of
data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based
algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool
WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard
data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection
Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest
first clustering
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 19
Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan
Region
Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom
Abstract
Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is
one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop
production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular
metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed
germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending
upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work
was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution
Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The
seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect
on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant
decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh
and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG
Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination
percentage Seedling growth
Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae
Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based
Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs
Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma
2
1Department of Botany
2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)
Abstract
Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills
These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a
good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to
different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur
district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is
characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural
people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So
they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This
paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of
health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential
Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 20
Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for
Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)
Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014
E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom
Abstract
Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but
phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the
present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for
phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for
further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources
percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production
The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface
Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose
(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase
productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not
only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ
burning of rice bran in the fields
Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli
Isolated from Human Infants
Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva
2 Praveen Rishi
3 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India
2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India
3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin
Abstract
Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal
especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum
The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3
months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L
rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus
L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal
epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71
when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected
Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was
down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear
transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene
Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 21
Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools
Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India
shikhakashyap76yahooin
Abstract
Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In
present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that
testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness
throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept
nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos
performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of
Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing
tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical
study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will
help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using
quality of service provided by these tools
Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing
Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb
Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed
throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera
is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera
It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting
hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent
antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed
plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a
paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in
nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits
and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is
used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties
as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many
pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 22
Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus
Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical
Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is
used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It
acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence
used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood
stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty
stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure
Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance
Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of
family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown
corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly
ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual
yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6
stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar
with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright
red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened
cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to
cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to
reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the
activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma
radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and
glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy
promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 23
An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum
Asha Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern
Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45
myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum
subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium
phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been
found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and
tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in
the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial
action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-
wrinkled cream
Castor bean A wonderful plant
Shivani Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)
shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)
also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties
shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean
like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave
blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol
related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and
has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for
thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by
applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic
acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated
to give same drying oil
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 24
An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba
Sapna Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal
alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction
luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent
Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary
white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots
of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin
seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and
yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair
as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to
protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (
Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then
cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory
concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has
been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The
Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant
has been practiced since ancient times
Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value
Kirna Devi Amita Sharma
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran
AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various
diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar
And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely
grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual
herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16
flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is
widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives
Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant
antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant
antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and
abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential
oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth
paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 25
Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb
Ravi kumar Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with
small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and
obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends
up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in
color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and
become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds
Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c
minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to
that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)
and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic
acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and
moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm
Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica
Neha Kumari Shashi Bala
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of
corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe
species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts
usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive
antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and
antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used
for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1
induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive
and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica
Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate
extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender
leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 26
Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)
Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are
auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual
ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem
and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the
stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are
Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-
carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high
amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high
potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can
help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of
diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a
healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have
properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising
healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce
inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat
surgeries or trauma
A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica
Manu Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or
yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone
and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and
upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose
oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue
hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights
against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf
juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 27
A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in
Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate
petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are
bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has
been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to
drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese
making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may
help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety
effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high
blood sugar and improve insulin
Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica
Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to
warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the
chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported
abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain
swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and
chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while
root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the
plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and
antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of
plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic
hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 28
Importance of Punica granatum
Jyoti Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright
red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant
phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed
when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as
punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin
glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible
pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins
catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary
supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused
by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the
absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract
makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess
stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of
gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the
stomach
Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value
Monika Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush
bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins
Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic
dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure
the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is
useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the
management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting
Datura stramonium Medicinal importance
Payal Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and
mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes
light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and
carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate
growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning
leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 29
Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa
Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group
called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa
According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are
useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax
saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus
racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is
useful in Asthma and piles
Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport
Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur
(HP) India
Abstract
Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced
and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing
stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to
be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth
Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport
networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application
in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India
High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations
Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
Abstract
The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently
in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages
such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of
existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well
as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation
rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by
reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft
The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and
achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 30
Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India
Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making
provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of
population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border
enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states
with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in
such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border
North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland
Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern
Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail
connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011
885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects
viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North
Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic
advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects
in border areas
Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In
India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2
cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is
woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves
are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and
complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the
leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids
flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very
effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing
cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing
wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus
plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also
provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus
plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper
industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 31
The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea
Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal
Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is
cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It
is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper
doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose
parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin
tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is
ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the
roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro
auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles
Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to
control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The
extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces
irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble
Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values
In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus
Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden
Manju IB Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014
Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom
Abstract
Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and
mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood
rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being
increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels
etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was
qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the
sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and
sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further
studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological
studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on
mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was
observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies
are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 32
Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification
Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta
1 Kamlesh Dutta
2
1 Department of Civil Engineering
2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India
1 roushank76kgmailcom
1rkdnithacin
2kdnithacin
Abstract
Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification
systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined
experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The
classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts
Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils
In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)
has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper
Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems
Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants
Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University
Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve
the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish
or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is
becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect
their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People
considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to
determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and
treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the
ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area
The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an
RO system for your home and its effectiveness
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 33
New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh
R K Verma and I B Prasher
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh
Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom
Abstract
Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The
forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs
and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi
vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and
Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh
Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy
Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi
2 Rupinder Tewari
1
1Department of Microbial Biotechnology
2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India
E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential
therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure
with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their
efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to
development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative
analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done
The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results
regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM
correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial
activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No
correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used
for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 34
Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches
Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom
ABSTRACT
Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of
many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face
recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of
systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual
requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a
legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems
laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable
to the wiles of an impostor
Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing
map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for
the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is
855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination
pose variation facial expressions
Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution
Combustion Technique
Somnath Thakur1
Indu Sharma1
Gagan Kumar
2 M Singh
3 R K Kotnala
4
1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India
2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India
3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India
4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India
Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Nd3+
substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by
the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray
diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the
weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing
trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+
ions on the exchange
interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the
comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we
have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis
Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 35
Reference
[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath
K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015
[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved
Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013
[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako
Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review
Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur
Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India
sartajsingh2311gmailcom
Abstract
Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer
enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since
decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall
performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat
transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger
Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids
Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review
Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman
1 Nitin Sharma
2 and Saurabh kango
3
1Department of mechanical engineering
2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-
Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India
3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India
Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom
Abstract
Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is
to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous
journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies
Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A
particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models
involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-
Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 36
A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN
Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom
Abstract
In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or
nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is
a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink
portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the
versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic
routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while
maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that
governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery
routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network
lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest
techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed
for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data
delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based
Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the
trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to
the low-cost theme of WSN
KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network
Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review
Prikshit Singh MS Prasad
Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP
prikshitsinghsadragmailcom
Abstract
Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral
Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study
the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so
far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises
that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission
Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of
exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave
beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different
trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1
Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator
(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)
High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 37
Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With
Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater
Rajesh Maithania
Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar
b
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh
E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom
Abstract
The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-
rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating
experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater
which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap
width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is
selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and
ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers
Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter
Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)
Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal
Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy
efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient
than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in
cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use
another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in
network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster
head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 38
SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films
Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea
and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains
of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD
technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in
the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra
have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum
showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films
Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail u_vermayahoocom
Abstract
The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition
(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and
triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed
that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate
wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution
of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc
To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images
were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface
morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the
post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the
nanocrystalline nature of grown films
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 39
SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles
Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma
Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana
Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)
E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom
Abstract
ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures
ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room
temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc
acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water
SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure
water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming
randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in
the form of chain like structures which appear like rods
Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups
DK Gautam
Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading
Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with
no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =
304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume
percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using
suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can
be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered
by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been
considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The
deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by
volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is
recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are
not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 40
Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua
Krishna C Mishra
Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India
Email kcm80rediffmailcom
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of
generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been
employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally
graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some
important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each
wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also
been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution
for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the
magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can
clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite
propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are
also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature
environments
Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors
Navdeep Sharma1
Dr Atul Kapil 2
1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India
2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)
E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom
Abstract
Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded
macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in
characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation
polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive
properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide
range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the
reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)
conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic
transport in polymers
Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 41
Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future
D R Sharma MR Sharma
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)
drsharmacegmailcom
Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made
of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements
have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it
cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the
normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another
main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility
This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material
This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to
improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength
marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength
noticeably
Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from
Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh
Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur
a Pradeep Katnauria
a Reetika Bhadwal
a Gulshan Kumar
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The
measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health
Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and
further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has
been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass
exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion
The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned
Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 42
Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh
Naveen Thakura
Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur
a Reetika Bhadwal
a KC Thakur
b Yachana Sharma
b
aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India
Email jitenderapdgmailcom
Abstract
The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along
Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the
soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products
can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium
measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has
been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium
concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample
Radium concentration was found with in safe limit
Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector
Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation
Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and
hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural
environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental
pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies
that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the
inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As
Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology
which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 43
Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits
Karan Thakur
Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed
by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads
length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an
expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of
paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various
factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment
per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out
Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population
Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues
Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin
Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India
Abstract
Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data
mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better
performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching
throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major
research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining
Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research
Issues
Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria
Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly
Pesticides
Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur
3 Pamita Awasthi
2
1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041
2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005
3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001
Email priyankahmrgmailcom
Abstract
The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of
JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these
new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and
13C NMR spectra The biological
part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria
mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect
P a g e | 44
functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G
mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the
concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella
Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to
be more potent in comparison to 2nd
series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth
In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional
chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe
Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management
Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te
Semiconductors
Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal
2 Balbir Singh Patial
3 Nagesh Thakur
1
1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India
2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India
3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India
E-mail bspatialgmailcom
Abstract
In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the
temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is
observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy
(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which
indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in
the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)
versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature
However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12
confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or
Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction
Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky
effect