A Long Healthy Life!

Allan Pickens, M.D.Emory University

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

What is coronary heart disease?Synonymous with coronary artery diseaseCoronaries are vessels that carry blood to the heartFatty plaque builds up in arteries and prevents blood and oxygen from getting to the heart

AnginaPain or pressure in the chest

Heart Attack

Heart Disease

CHD in African Americans (AA)

4 out of 10 AA adults have cardiovascular disease #1 killer of AA (36% annual; 1.5x whites)According to American Heart Association, AA are more likely to be hypertensive, inactive and obese; ALL risk factors for CHD

How can we lower the risk of CHD?

Life Style Changes

Diet ModificationEat a healthy low-fat and low-salt diet

More vegetables Less meat

FatEating some fat is necessary. It is an important source of essential fatty acids (linolenic and lionoleic acids) and concentrated energy — it has more than twice as many calories per ounce as sugar, starch or protein.Fats help carry fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Fats can also make food taste better, aid in cooking, and help keep the hunger pains away.

FatSaturated Fat

Usually solid at room temperature Fat that consists of triglycerides containing only saturated fatty acids (no double bond carbon)Animal fat (cheese, butter, lard, fatty meat)Some vegetable products (coconut, palm seed, cashews, chocolate)

Unsaturated FatUsually liquid at room temperature Fat composed of fatty acids with at least 1 double bond between carbonsMonounsaturated and polyunsaturatedOlive oil, almonds, peanuts, avacados, salmon

Why is eating fat bad for the heart?

Scientific evidence indicates that the amount and type of dietary fat can affect blood cholesterol. Eating less fat, especially saturated fats, has been found to lower blood cholesterol levels. Replacing some saturated fats with polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats can help lower blood cholesterol. Dietary cholesterol can raise blood cholesterol but generally is not as important as saturated fat and total fat in the diet

CholesterolWhat is cholesterol?Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in all animals including people. It is an essential part of cells in the body and is used to make certain hormones and it helps digest fats. There are two different types of cholesterol: Blood (serum) cholesterol circulates in the blood and dietary cholesterol comes from the food we eat.

Cholesterol clogs vessels!

Cholesterol

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

Ideal: Less than 200 Borderline high risk: 200-239High risk: 240 and over

Ideal: less than 130 Borderline high risk: 130-159High risk: 160 or higher

Ideal: 60 or higherHigh risk: lower than

High total cholesterol levels and high LDL cholesterol levels increase risk of heart disease while lower levels reduce risk.

Higher levels of HDL cholesterol help lower the risk for heart disease.

Blood Pressure

(mm Hg) Ideal Normal High Normal

Hypertension

Systolic (top number)

Less than 120 Less than 130

130-139 140 or higher

Diastolic(bottom number)

Less than 80 Less than 85

85-89 90 or higher

High pressure strains the heart!

Blood pressure elevator!

The body uses sodium to control blood pressure and blood volume. Sodium is also needed for your muscles and nerves to work properly.Sodium occurs naturally in most foods. The most common form of sodium is sodium chloride (table salt) Milk, beets, and celery also naturally contain sodium Drinking water has salt (amount varies depending on the source)

Exercise Regularly!

No Smoking!

MedicineTake as directed

Get checked!

Heart Evaluation

EKG Chemical Stress Test

Exercise Stress Test Catheterization

Heart Interventions

Angioplasty / Stent Coronary Bypass

Cancer Mortality

American Lung Association

Preventative Medicine

Screening for common cancers has improved tremendouslyEarly detection increases chances for cureMost screening is covered by insurance

Lung Cancer

CT Scan for Lung Cancer

Lung Cancer Treatment

Thoracotomy VATS Chemotherapy

Robotics Radiation

Breast Cancer

Mamogram for Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer Treatment

Colon Cancer

Colon Cancer

Colon Cancer Treatment

Prostate Cancer

DRE or PSA for Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer Treatment

Live Healthy! Live Long!

Questions