A FAC~SIMILE REPRODUCT]ON . OFA CATALOG OF …

THE INSTITUTE rOR PHOTOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

A FAC~SIMILE REPRODUCT]ON . OFA

CATALOG OF PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN BY

Yl~ H~ JACKSON DURJN6THE

U~S~ GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF THE WESTERN TERRITORIES

FROM 1~69 TO 1~75

w. H. Jackson about 1938. In later life he concentrated almost entirely on painting.

rather than photography.

w. B. Jackson

William Henry Jackson was born in Keesville, N. Y., 4 April 1843 and died in New York City 30 June 1942. His 99-year life spanned the emergence of photography in the U. S., and although most critics don't evaluate him as a ''great artist", he was unquestionably one of the more prolific. He commenced working in photography at age 15 in the studio of C. C. Schoonmaker of Troy; contrary to some accounts, he didn't "learn photography" there, but only worked as a retoucher. In 1860 he went to work for Frank Mowrey of Rutland, Vt., still as a retoucher. A staunch unionist and supporter of Lincoln, he joined a company of Vermont volunteers in 1862 for a nine-month hitch; after training, they were assigned first to guarding Washington and later to escorting prisoners at Gettysburg. He was mustered out after less than a year of this non-combat duty -- hardly a war hero, having never fired a shot in anger. He worked on his own tinting photographs and making oil portraits for a while until A. F. Styles of Burlington hired him as an "operator". He lasted only a year there before heading west; according to his own account he made the move because he was devastated by a break-up with his girl friend.

After bumming around for several months he wound up in Omaha, Neb., where he got a job in Nelson Hamilton's studio. He bought the business in 1867 with the financial help of his parents and with the stipulation that he'd hire his bumbling brother Ed to work with him. Shortly thereafter he purchased the other studio in town which had been operated by E. L. Eaton. He now had a monopoly, and the business thrived as he began producing generally fine images of scenery and the Indians of the neighborhood. Initially he produced only single images, but in about 1868 saw the popularity of stereo and added that to his repertory.

In 1869 the Union Pacific Railroad commissioned him to take a series of promotional photographs, and in 1870 he got the job of official photographer on Professor Ferdinand V. Hayden's U. S. Geological Survey investigations of the western territories. The first year he worked for no salary, only getting his expenses reimbursed, while his wife Mollie ran the photographic studio as best she could. He continued with the Hayden surveys for eight years, through the upper west and into Colorado.

In historical fairness it must be noted parenthetically that although twice married he would surely be rated a poor family man, being far more interested in his work than his wives and children. His first wife and her child died in childbirth while he was absent; his second seldom saw him and raised their three children almost single-handedly.

In 1871 he sold his Omaha studio to the partnership of Parker & Johnson and shifted to Washington, D. C. where he concentrated on working up the results of the expeditionary photography. Professor Hayden hired him to organize the overall results of his investigations for display at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, where it won a bronze medal. Among the most popular parts of the display were the clay models of cliff dwellings made by Jackson. Of course his photos were a major part of the exhibit, gaining him added popularity. He hardly got rich from the association with the expeditions, however; having worked for board and room the first year he was then paid $175 per month, which he augmented by personal sales. However, he never exceeded an income of $3,000 per year (about $45,000 in today's purchasing power) even in his best period and wound up far from comfortable financially.

His Washington tasks completed he opened a studio in Denver in 1879, and took in A.E. Rinehart as partner the following year. He was commissioned by the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad to photograph along their line in 1880-81; he extended this into a series of ventures with several railroads in the southwest and south. He even visited northern Mexico and took a series of images for the Mexican Central Railway. In 1883 he arranged a joint venture with Chain & Hardy, booksellers, to publish a series of ''picture books" of the mountain areas. In 1892 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad hired him to take publicity photos for their exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. The centerpiece of the display was a 30' x 100' panorama which was reported to be one of the most admired objects of the fair. In 1894 he was associated with a strange 'round the world trip supposedly to inspect railroads, organized by a Mr. J.O. Pangborn. The group went to southeast Asia, Australia, China and Japan, across northern Europe via Russia. About mid-way through the trip the sponsors realized that it was a boondoggle, not a real business venture, and stopped paying their expenses.

He stayed active in Denver until 1897 under increasingly severe circumstances. In his absence his photos had been widely used without attribution or payment of royalties, and his business, long-neglected while he travelled, was in a shambles. He essayed a lecture tour, which was a disaster. In 1897, just when things seemed hopeless, the Detroit Publishing Co. offered to buy his busines. The deal was that he gave them his stock of negatives, which the company would produced as postcards and larger prints, usually in artificial colors. In return, Jackson got stock in the company and a directorship, but he also had to work, and became a roving photographer for the business. In 1903 he took over as plant manager, but after many years of success the company went bankrupt in 1924, a victim of the rise of illustrated newspapers and magazines.

Jackson thus found himself with no money and no job at age 81. He moved to Washington where he concentrated on painting and writing his memoirs. He'd done sketching and painting throughout his life and turned out quite creditable works. He executed a set of four huge murals for the headquarters of the Department of Interior, and several smaller ones for the Works Progress Administration in 1935-37. Fortunately, he ran into Ezra Meeker, an early explorer in the west who had founded The Oregon Trail Memorial Association. Meeker offered Jackson the sinecure of Research Secretary at a modest salary, which kept him from having to live off charity. His autobiography, published in 1940, sold quite well and is presumably accurate since he kept journals most of his life. Unfortunately it concentrates largely on his personal affairs and is tantalizingly sketchy on his professional career.

His photographic output was extensive and varied; by one estimate he issued almost 5,000 stereoviews, and he claimed to have made 54,000 negatives of all formats. He issued his stereos in several series, including "Views along the Line of the Union Pacific R. R." in collaboration withA.C. Hull; "Manitou and Pike's Peak" and "Views of the Rocky Mountains" which were published by the Anthony Co. He also issued extensive groups of the east coast of Florida in the 80s, the New York Central and B. &. O. railroads in the 1890s, and the Columbian exposition in 1892. Overall, he was one of the most productive and memorable characters of this country's graphic arts who worked in many media.

Late in life he became very concerned about the fate of the some 40,000 glass negatives which he still owned. Fortunately the Fords, Henry and Edsel, gave these a home at their museum in Dearborn. In 1942 Jackson suffered a fall from which he never recovered, and was buried with honors in the National Cemetery at Arlington, Va.

-f1l81 ;J0 daWWnS all~ U! Alqeqodd 'Opedol0:J U! ~ua~ WOOd -lldep S!II ;J0 ~UOd;J U! pasod uoslIaer

Over several years time span Jackson's views were published in a variety of formats. This one, on an orange/buff cabinet mount, was a version issued by the Anthony company. Note that credit was carefully given to the U. S. Geological Survey and Professor Hayden on the face of the view.

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PUBLIS:E1ED BY

E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., Emporium oj American and F ortigfl Sltrtoscopic .Vituls,

Chromo! and A/brulls,

681 BROADWAY. ) , NEW YORK.

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This issue was produced con· siderably later on a tan/tan cabinet mount, and under the imprint of 'w. H. Jackson & Co." of Denver, with no credit to the government.

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W . H. JACKSON 4. CO .• PtlOTOa""P'HO::". 0,. .--~

R OCKT M OUNTAI N SCl:rn::R"'.

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DF.PARTj\>IENrl.' OF THE I NTERIOR.

U~ITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IIF TIIB TE RIUTOHIES. F. V. HAYDl::N, U. S. G~VLOGI:iT·L'I1 · Cll.lHG£.

MISCELLANEQ-US PUBLICATIONS- No. 5.

DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Oy

THE PHOTOGRAPI-IS (, F' THE

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL ' SURVEY

I 1..-

"Y

THE TEH.Rl.rORIES.

. -UK

THE YEARS 18Ga TO 1875, [ ?"eLUS IVE.

SECOND EDITION.

W . H, JACKSON, Photograp her.

WASBI"GTO::;[: GOVERNl1EN'l' PR!~'l'l~G OFF JCE.

1 875 .

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MfIl::,\T.t I:,\ OF' TIlE H U I." Cuos!O.

i

PREFAC E.

It bas been customary, beretofore, merely to catnlogue the results of each season's operations in a few pamphlet puges of numbers anel titles only; but the increasing interest in and demand for the more striking Yietrs, calls for a complete descripth-e account of the collection, and I hat'e endea;,ored, in the follotring pnges, to snpplyas much informa· tion as the somewhat limitetl space allows. The descriptions are mainly compiled from the reports for the corresponding years.

The ·collectioo, thus far, numbers upward of two thousand landscapenegatit'es, the greater portion of them of subjects that had net'er been tnl~(m, and I,rolJably will not be for mallY years to come, or until the country has ad,"anced into ch·ilization. Dy no other means could the cbnrnetedstics amI \fondereul peculiarities of the hitherto almost un· knotrn western half of our continent be brought so Tividly to the attcntion of the worltl. Thnt they are appreciated, the demand for liJt:'llI, frolll nll quarters oC the globe, amply testifies.

JJnl"iug the lnst two seasons, especial attention has been ()aid to the arcbwology of the l)re-historic races of the Southwest. The photo. ;.:rnphic impressions which hat'e been secured of those wonderful n'lIIaillS ha\"e el:cited unh-ersal interest, amI are ulreatly incorporated illto the best \Yol·ks oC reference and accei.)tcd authorities upon the :,u1tiect. "-ith the exception only of the present inhnbited l\Ioquis Pueblos, these are the first illustrutions, of any Jdnel, which hat'e el"er :'l'pem'c<l before the trorlel, of tlle scenes they represen~.

AnotiJer new feature is. tho addition to the collection oC Do series of l:uuh;capeonegathoes, !?O by 2-1 inches square, of views aroullll the Rocky, !':In ,Jnan, a III I Uucompagro !\Ionntains of Colorado. These are the ttr~cst plates c,oer used in field-photography in this couutry. They '·III1'·CY all imllression of lhe renl gmmleur and tho magnitude of mountaill ~cel1Cl'y that tho srnall~r ,"ie"os cannot possibly impart.

The ] uc.1inu catalogue inclmles a list of o,oer oue thousand subjects :',:)11 xixty·six tl'ibes, l'epresenting nearlye,oery portion oC the western I '·I"l"itorics, amI thcir t'alue to the ethnography of the abOl'igines will ~1I"11 Lo ,"el'y gl'cat. They are mostly studies of their habits and cos· (1I11It·S, taken in their O\fn l"ilInges aUlI among their Otrn mountains, ",lll)willg their c\-eryoday life. They are fast llassiu·g atray 01' conformII'~ to the habits of ci\"ilizatioll, and thcre '~iIl be 110 more fnithful

4 PREFACE.

record of the past thun these Ilhotograpbs. To lheir futul'c histol"itlu thcy trill pro\"c int'all1abJc.

The suhJects made· under the direction or this sun·ey (Ol'wed tll\. nuclem;, to trhich bas heen ndded nenrly 011e thousand negatirl'!', through the mUllificent lib('rnlity of ,,"m. DI.ackmore, e~q., a wea1tII~· English gentleman, defply iuterested in ethnography. The additioll j, especially Talnable, ns it embraces maus other collectious, datiug had. twenty rears.

Especial attention is being paid to the subject each seasou, Ru<llhhli. tions made to the collfctiollS 11110n e,oery opportunity.

1800 SERIES. (Negatif'es, 8 X 10,)

The Uniol1 Pacific Unilroael, Salt Lal,e Uity aUtI Vattey, a!ld t~e Black Hills of ""yowing; embraciug ,tbe DI~st prominent pictorial features on the route of the great Jmboual hlgbway. Photogruphed immediately lll)on the completion of the roatl. in the suwmer of 1860.

No 1. NORTH PLATTE RIVER, looking nort.h from bridge. No: 2. BRIDGE OVER THE NORTH PLATTE RIVER, near its intersection

with the Sonth Platte. No.3. WIND·l\IILLS AT ~OR'rH PLATTE STATION •. At this point t,he

Platte Hirer runs through au almost enttrelj treeless pla1O, with but very few objects in nature. to rcliefe the daml monotony, so that the winrlmills, which occur at nearly all the stations, for the purpose of raising wnter to the tanks, form a vel'y prominent feature i.n tbe la~dscnpe. The river is \"ery wide, shallow, ~LUll s~nft, runnlllg. o\"er bars amI quicksands witb maoy httle wllIow·covered Islands.

The north and south forks rise respecthrely in tbe North and South Parks of Colorado, aud fiow some 1,200 wiles to their juoction with the l\lissouri.

Tbe bl'ielge anel station are about 290 miles west of Omaha, nnel ha\'e nn altitude of 2,8~7 feet above the sen.

~o. 4. SUER)IAN Sl'A.l'[Q~, upon the broad, plateau·like summit of the Black Hills 8 2;1 feet abo\"e the sea, ao(l 2, 100 abo~e Chey-

. enne only' 33 miles to the eastward. Sllerman, named in hooo~ of the commander of the United Statcs .Armies, enjoys the distinction of being the wost elel'ated ruilway,station iu the United Stutes.

So. J. REED'S UOCIi:, near Sherman, forms nn excellent iIl~lst,ration?f tbe style' of weathering of the grauites, chal'act~rlstlc of thIs region. These massive piles, like the ruins of old castles, al'e scnttel'e(l all ovel' the summits of the Black Bills, and tbe ditl'erence in the texture of the rock is sncll as to gi\"e a most 1lleasi'llg val'iety ot' outliue. Tbey were O!lCe angular, cube: like musses al)(l ha\-e been worn to theIr present forms b.} the process ~f disintegration by exfoliation. .

~t). O. GRANITB CUT, near Dale Creek Bridge, abollt tbree mIles west of Shel'won. The rond bas beeu (hilletl amI blasted through a close, compact, m~(l massi!'e g~auite tb:,t is susceptible of a hiCl"b polish, wuch like the Scottish syeDlte.

XII, ;, nAL"'~ l~UEEli BRIDGE, Ol'er Dale Ureek, a slDull tributary of the Cache IJa (lomh'e, tlowillg illto the South Platte. Tbe bddge is l\ \vooden fa'nme,wol'k ~tl'llctllre, 050 t'eet long hml 12; high, the larlrest of its kind 011 the I'ond.

~n, Ii. HALE CREEl\: OAXO:f, a view looking south from near the bridge. A chnructel'istic "iew of the sUlllmit of tbe lllack Hills, sho\f'· iug the castle,like grallltl:' bowlders uml scatt\!retl J)~ne9, tbe dee., canon with its ph.'llsant \'tlle, aUll tbe sparklmg troutstl'eam, glittering ill the suulight.

6 1869 SERIE~.

No.9. YALLEY OF '1'IIE N'Olt1.'U PLA.TTE, Ilcnr Fort Fred Steele, tlll second crossing of the rif'er .. 090 miles west froUl Omah,\, nUtl "'ith an altitude of 0,845 fect. {;ulike itself out upou tilt plains, it is here 0. deep, clen.r, cold stream, not far from it,

. sources among the perpetual snows of the nocky lIoulJtaiu:-. No. 10. GREEN RIVER BUT'rE, near view. No. II. GREEN UlVER BUTl'E, frolD across the ril"er. No. 12. TEAPOT Rome, near Green Ril"er Station. No. 13. GIANT'S CLUB, near Green Uiver Station. No. 14. Rome FOR)[S, near Green River Station. No. ]5. PETRIFED !t'ISII OUT, near Green Uif'er Station. No. 10. BURNING ROCK CUT; near Green Uiver Station. Nos. 17-20. Views alollg tbe west bank of Green Rh'er betweeu th(

station and Burning Rock cut. The abo,'e group (10 to !!u rel)resents the curious and unique scenery of Green Rif'cr ut the point ,,,here the railroad crosses it, 845 miles west £rOlu Omaha, ancl 0,130 feet above tide·water.

The, formation which gif'es tbis l'egion its characteristit· features is known ns the Green Ri\"er shales, from the sec.li ments being arranged in regular layers, mostly quite thin, but varying from the tbickness of a knife·blade to set'eral feet.

Tbis.laminntecl character, with the l'ariations in'shade anI! color, gh'c to tbe hills the peculiar banded allpearunce, U:sho\'fll in all the pictures of the abo\"e sel'ies.

In 10 and lill'e hat'e the C~stellated Butte, so prominem a landmark to all tro.\"ellers, with an elef'atio'll of some SUit feet abo,e trle rif'er. The upper portion, or Castle, is 2Ull feet high. Nos. 12, 13, and 14 are excellent exntnples of th,' cnriolls aud tnnta~tic ~hapes which the shales ha\'e assumc:tI in the proeess of ,,"E.'Rthering, suggesting the titles which ba\"e been gin~n them. TbE.'Y haf'e an a\'eragc height of !!lIll

"feet. No. 15 is so called ii'om the thousanc1s of perJect and beall:

tifnl impressions of fish whicb· are sbown on the thin slab:-: of shnle; somethucN a dozen or ~o within the COUlIUl:iS of :. square foot. Impressions of illsl'cts and wuter'lllauts an' also sometillles found. •

No. 10 is a "iew a short eli,stallce west of the precE.'diu;.: ones, wbere t.he l'ond is cut thl'ongh thin Inyel's of a sort lJ/

cream.colored, chalky liruestone, iuterspersell with stl'Otn ell a. dal'k·lJrowu (:olor, NO sntnrntt'd with" petroleuw as to bUI'll freely. This cut is called tbe Burning Rock, frolll the fnel that during the progress of the work the rocl~s bec~lIn,' ignited and blll'ned tor some days, illl1miuuting the Inbo!":, of the workmen by night, and filling the ,-alley with tlell::l' clouds of smoke by duy.

The remaining "ic~s, 17 to 20, are gliUll)Se!'l along the wesl bank of U.'eell .Uit'er, between the }lIaces descl'ilJE.'d uIJO\'l'~ showing to good ad\"alltage the wull·like and castellated 101'111:' on the opposite ~ide of tbe l'h'el'.

Nos. 21, 22. "·A.SA1'CII, UTAU, 900 miles west ft'om Omnha, nltitmlt' 6,870 feet, on the dh'ide between ]~cho Caiion nlld llear IUn'l',

Fl'OlU this point the descent is "ery rapid iuto the f;1ll1on~ canon. Two miles fhrther ou we cowe to autl pass s)o\\'I~' o\"cr nn immense trestlc'\'fol'k, a~ shown in-

No. !!3, beiug 450 feet loug aud 7ei feet lligh. "

1869 SERIES. 7 .

A short distance farther amI we shoot into-No. 21. TUNNEL ~o. 2, tbe longe~t on tlJe romI, 7;0 feet in length,"cut

through l'e(lllisb nUll purillish indurntetl clays, of the "Pu-sateh gl'OUp of l\Jioceue Tertiary. Descemliug rapidly we reach-

Nos. ~5, 26. UAS1'LE ROCKS, at tile head proper of Echo Caiion, 975 miles west from the ~lissonri aUlI 6,282 feet ele\~ation. They are of a massh-o reel sandstone from 500 to 800 feet high, wbich ba,·o weathel'ed into tlJeso curiously castellated forms.

Nos. 27, 28. TOWER ROCIes, or l)innacles upon th~ fnce of the custle. The l'ocks bcar a remarkable resemblallce to some 01<1 dis· manUell fortress, with its towers, crumbling walls, nnd im-lnellse embl'aSUres. .

No. ~!). PULPIT !tOCK, at the mouth of Echo Canon, 991 miles from Omaha, and 5,507 feet abo,'e tbe sen. The railroad sweeps around it in a graceful curve, and so near that one might reach from the car wimlow and touch it. The isolated rouuded mass above, which 8eems to staud alone and almost ready to tumble into tbe valley below, is yet quite firmly seated on its bed of santlstone. It is said that once upon a time Brigham Young held forth to his flock from this rock during their pilgrimage hither. This view sbows admirably the conrse conglomerate or pud(liog-stone, characteristic of all the Echo Oafion rocks.

X o. 30. SENTINEL nOCK, one of tbe most remarkable landm,arks in the canon. It is a regnlar obelisk of conglomerate, stauding near the junction of Ecbo with the 'Yeber Caiiun. It is about 250 feet ill beight, aud aO'orlls another excelleut illnstrn.tiou of the peculiar style of weathering, by \vhicb rocks aSSllme curious forms. Tbis column has bf!en "el'y nptls called the " nog's Head," to which it will be seen at a glallce that the sUlUmit bears a resemblnnce.

The variecl strl1cture of tho strata, sometime~ n. 61'111 smulstOlle, then a lHltllling-stonp, is romnrlmbly ~ell displayed ill tb is \·je\v.

The same \""nriatiolU; of structure, on 11 ~tilllargel' scale, mar be seen in- .

~C). 31. TOE OREA1' EASTERN, a perpendicular bluff 1,000 feet in hcight, ~,em'illg n strong rt?semblnllce tu the prow of nn ('l1orI1lOI1S steamship. J u thi~ the i IIclinatioll of the strntn is wcll SbO\fU. The base is COIDlloset.l of Une s .. mtllitollc.-, rmllling iuto a coarse conglomerate abo\·e.

~tl. 3:? LOOKI~G DOWN ]~C:UO from abo\'c tho (; rfat Eastern, and about two mil(>s abo\"t~ tbe month of the cniion, gi\'in~ a geneml ,·iew. On the right, the high perpendicnhu' \fulls, with the stmti\. dipping down we~twal"ll, are cleft br deep gOl'ges, h'~\\"ing the illtermctli<lte ()ortiou~ stauding out likt! hug-e castl~M, lI'nl"'~in! in rOl"ln anti n "h'ill red ill coluring. On tbe left, the hills are e(IUnlly hi:!h, but run oft· into more l'oumletl fOI·ms, which nre cluthed ill tbe s(u'illg·tiruo \ritb u bright CQlltl'UStillg greeu.

Xu. ;J:t .A. STUOY .D10NG 'l'HE ROCKS OF Ecno, l\ mass of <lcb"is "'hich ll3S fallen fmm the o\"el"haoging wnll~.

~II. ;; I. 1'111·; .AJlPlIl1'UEA.'.1'ER, uu immense semicircnlar walt of 1,000 feet in h'~i.ght, three miles a1)o\'o t.lJe month of the cnnou, showiug tbe largest and most .perfect wall·surface in the cnhon.

8 I eG9 SERIES.

Lea~ing Echo, ancl turning clown 'leber CauOll we gUt1, smoothly nocl swiftly along, l)assiug tho wondc:s of tb~. "Narrowst tll.e " 1,OOO.lUi~e Tl'ec," "JJe\""iI's Slide," &c., (St't. stereoscopIc news,) l"eaehmg the hmin 'Ynsatch l'unge, allll }tass through the Lower \Veber Cailon. Half way thl'ourtl! ·,\""e come to- . 0

No. 35. THE DEVIL'S GATE. . Nos. 36-3fJ. ~EVI~'S GA.'I'E BRIDGE. The most nttracth·e feature of tilt'

cnu<?11 IS the roar of the waters of tho lVeberas the\" roll O,er the IUlU?enRe lUasses of rock iu its bed, with the rush and tu. m.nlt of a monntai~-torrent. For fOllr miles we are inclosed 'VI til . nearly perpendlcula.r walls of gneiss, 2,OUO feet in heigb t. f~rlUlIIg th.e central1>0r~10n of the \Vasatch 1\[onntaius; tIll: rn'er .rllNhmg through It at right angles. The rocks an' hen~tlfnll.! bmuled e\-errwhere. There are also coal'SO aggl'c. gatlons of qua.rtz aud feldspar all along the sides of thi:cbnnnel; and high up on the steep mountain·tlunks al'e V'l~t deposits of bowlders and fine sand.. • '. S~on we emerge fro~ the partial dal'kness into a broatl,

fertile valley, and glanclUg back from- . . No. 40. Ur:XTA, ,ve ba,·e no \'iew of that portion of the ""asatch rann-I.

T through wbicb we bavajustpnssed. e

Nos. 41-43. ,GREAT SA~l'. LAI(E Cl1.'Y, Ul'A.I1o ~ .view looking SOUtil flOUl the blll~~ just nort~ of the CIty, glnug no birll's-eye ,icw and also n. 'rlew of the" nsntch Mountains ill the distance.

~n ~he ceoter Of the ~rst ~ie\V are grouped the lllany fin,.' b~lllhugs .of Preslde~t 10ung. The oue with tbe lllnny gabJ.. w~ndows I.S the "LI(~n House," tho abod(, ot' his nllUlerou:-. WI\'eS, while-the one just to the left of it is the "nt!e.ilin~ ,. nouse, his o\"n pri\""ate residence. TlJe houses al'C so called from the emblems placed ou them. Pl~linls visible m'l' ulso wany ~the .. s of tbe finest pri\""ate and pullUc building:i.

In No. 42 the eye catch~.s at once the glisteniu'" whitt: dOUle of the great Mormon Tabernacle. Iu No. 43 are the suiJ urb~. to the sout~westJ with glimpses of the Jordun anl1 till' OqUirrh l\Iountallls. '

No. 44. THE !lREAT ~I<?R~tO~ TA.BERNACLE •• Near ,iew of a most COli SplCUOUS bUlidlDg, that ah"ass attracts the eyo ot' thl' tra\""eler ~s he e~t~rs the city:. ~lJe. buildiug is oblong ill ~bnpc; 2,,0 feet 10 leogth by laO III wldtlJ. The grent dOUle IS sllllPorted upon fortY'Nix .,illtll'~, which sern~ us a sort 01 \fa~l. !·rolll ~hich tha roof spriogs in ao unbroken arch. TlJi:b~II~IU~ will seat 7,000 J)ersous~ and 10,000 way be gatherl'Ii

:r .. WIUllU Its ~adls U)lOO t!xtl'uordinary occasions. No. 4". CORIN~~, Ul'AU, at the head of Salt Lake, and ou ll(>nr Uker ..

lIeal.' Its eu!rnuce to the luke; all important plnco 011 the mil road, ns belllg the point of clepnl"tnre fOl" .l\Jontana Itllth(1 &c •. Here tbe stag~s. und. fl'eiglJt.teams depart l1p~n thl'ii lont'" jOUI:ue.ys, autl theIr .al·l'l\·al unel. del)artllre create con:-;itl. era Ie stIr III the otherWIse ~el'y qmet little place.

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS.

~"ie,,:s of t!le UniOl~ Pucific Unill'oRcl fa·OlU ClJereollc to Promout" ... \ Pomt, JDcituhug studies among the Dlack Hills· of ""yominfT azul 1.1. Great Snit Lake City. c>,

18G9 SERIES. 9·

.As the stereograpbs are but <luplications of the larger Olles in tho preceding series, no c.leti.\i1e(1 de~cri(ltion will be ghoen, e~cept iu tho~e cases where they are the ouly rellreSentntion of the scene. '

In rererring back for descriptiou, tbe subject will be found nnder the sawe generul titles as below. .

Fro.1ll the wear anti tear of long use, ami ltllirnpOl'tance, muny of thc negntt\"es hlwe been withdrawn frolU the list, leaving the numbers in a somewhat chaotic .condition; but, ns Dlans of the \Oiew~ h3.\-e become welllmo\vn by their nuwbers, it wns deemetl best to retain them. No. 60. llEPo'r A'r OIlEYE~NE, 516 miles west from OUH\h,\; 60:11 feet

('levation. ) . Nos. 65, 66 •. PnollON1'ORY PO[~T, the spot where tbe track-lal"ers met

aOlI lai(l the" lust rnil ; n ele\'ation, 4,005 f~et. • No. 61. THE ORIGtNAL DEPOT Al' PRO)(C)XTORY; a pl'imiti\"c state of

alfairs, iucitlent upon the rapid coustruction of the roall. Nos. 68, 6!). S'rEET VIEWS IN CORINNE, LTAII. Xo. 71. UINTAH, UTAn, mouth of \Yeber Caiion. ~os. 71-80. DEVIL'S GA.TE, 'Yeher Caiion. :Xos.81-85. Dl::VIL'S GATE BRIDGE, looking dowu aucl up, aUlI from

abO\'e and below. X.o.86. EAST FROll DEYIL'~ GA.TE. ~o. 87. ":-EST EiSD OF TUNNEL So. 4; a rock cut of 130 feet in Weber

. Cniion. No. 88. 'VEST FROll TilE llOUTU OF TUNNEL ~o. 4. ~o, SO. 'VEST FROlI ~'UE SLTl[)UT OF 'iRE IUDGE 1'UltOUGH W'JIICIt

TUNNEL No.4 IS CU1', looking o\'er UonmI Ynlle\", to the _ ,,'asatcb ~Iol1ntains, in the distance. • ~o, !)O. EAS1' OF TUNXF.L No.4. :XO~. 01-9j. VIEWS DE'rWEEX Tl,;NNELS ~OS. 3 AXD 4, a space o(about

IUl1f a mile, but full of grand ami picturesque ell·ects. . ~os. DO, or. TC'i'iNEL Xo. 3, lo'nO)I 'l'UE EASl'; ;\ cut of 550 feet tbronrrh

solid limestolle. C

. ~os. OS, O!). Till:: I,OOO'lULE TREE, a solitary pille in 'Yilhelmina Pass . or tbe lIan'ow::; of "'cber Caiion, 'wnrking the 1,000th lUil~

west of Omaha. . ~o. 100. SEC1'IO~')lEX; a group of railromllaborers 00 a hand-car. ~o:-;. 100, lo:!. TIlE DEVIL'S Sr.IDE, "-~bCl' OUnOIl, three miles below the

1,OOU·mile tree; two pamllcl rillges of limestone frOID 50 to 2;)0 feet in height, running up the mountain·sille for 1,000 feet.

~u. 103. '\ILlIl~L)I1NA. PASS, or the nal'rows; the entrance to Webcr • Caiion propel', se,-eo ruiles below the month of Echo Canon.

~I), 10·l. PULPIl' HOCK, mouth of Echo Canon. :\.,. lU;;. DEA'i'1I UOCl~, mouth of E(~ho Caiion. ~u. IOU. SE~l'(XEL UOCK, month of Ecbo CanOll. ~u, lUi. 1.'IIE GRJ~l.T EASTEUX, month of £t:ho Caiion. ~'M. IOd, IOU. LOOKIXG DOW~ Ecuo C.1.~O~, neal' the lUonlh. ~ o. 110. CA.lU' VIEW; multr the rock:; of Echo. ~I). 111. LOOKING DOWN l'nE CJ..~O~, {l'OIll auo\-e the Great E~l.stern. ~ II:;. 11~, 113. S'1'E.1.)[DOA.'f UOCK. . ~u:;. 1ll-1!!3. Sl'UDl£S A)IO~G TilE GUE.1.T nOCKS thnt ha\-e ri\lleu (mUl

the clifis of Echo Canon. ~ltS. 121, 1!!.1. ~r((E AlU'IJll'UEA1'ER, Echo Caiion. ~I). 1:!6. {J,\Sl'LE HOCKS, Cl'OUl the statiou. ~\I. l:!i. 'l'O\\,Elt ON (JAS1'LE ltOCK. ~.'~. 1:!l'3, l!!U. (JAS1'LE Uor:K, uear \"iew.

10 I PGO SERIES •

No. 130. CASTLE HOCK, c1ist;\Ilt "iew. No. 131. "~ALLS OF CAS"l'LI-~ nOCK. Nos. 132, 13:J. TU~~EL No.2 at the bead of Echo Oniioll. Nos. 134-137. lllGIl 'I'RESTLE WORK; bet\~ecu 'runnel :S-o. 2 anu ,y~\.

satch. . :Nos. 138,130. EtcllAR'S CUT, bet\\'eeu Tunnel So. 2 and ""nsatch. No. 140. HIGH TRESTLE below Tmmel ~o. 2. No. 1:11. :\10U~1·A.IN OEDA.lt. No. 142. CUT :'iEAR \" aSATCII. Nos. 143-145. "TUE OLD Z," or a portion of the track nt the head ot _ Ecbo bcfol'c tbe comttl~tiou of the tuunel.

No. 146. "AS,\1'CH, Ul'AII.· ~os. !47-!~O. NEF:DLE UOCI{S, ne~r 'Yaumtcb, on tbe old stage,road. No. 1..,1-1<:><>. BIRD S·EYE paUOflUnlC new of Great Salt Lake City. No. 156. )IAIN S'l'REE'r, Grent Salt Lake City. No. 151. THE TADEIt~ACLE. No. 158. TUE OLD 'fA.BERNACLE. l'!0' H»!). SIG~S OF TilE ~I()R)ION CO-OPERA.TIVE INS1'ITUl'IO~. Nos. 101, 16~. TOWER ON CASTLE ROCK, Echo Caiion. No. 163. REED'S UOC({, nenr Sherlllall Stntion. No. 16-1. GREE~ UtVER BUTTE. No. 168. TEAPOT ROCli:, Green Ri \"er. No. ~(j0. VIEW O:'t THE "~ST DANK OF GREEN RIVER. No. 172. BURNING ROCK CUT, Green Rh~er. No. 174. YIEW O~ TUE WEST DA.NK OF GREEN RIVER. No. 175. GREEN RIVER BU'fTE AND BRIDGE. No. 176. GREEN RIVER BUTTE AND BRIDGE, near ,"iew. No. 171. PE1'RIFIED FIsIrOuT, Grcen Uh-er. No. 178: GIA.N'l"S CLUD, Green River. No. 17!). WEST DANK OF GREEN RIVER • No. 181. EAST l"R01{ GREEN UIVER. Nos. 182,183. SHER)IAN STATtoN, summit of Black Hills . No. 18-1. DALE CREEl\: UA:XON. No. 185. DEVIL'S GATE OF DALE CREEK. ~o. 187. BRIDGE OVER l'UE NOR1'U PLATTE, fir~t Cl'o~sillg. );,?s. 188,191, 1!J2, 104. DALE CREEK BRIDGE, .BhlCk Hills. No. 105. TnE NOR'I'U PLAT'I'E, at ~"Ol't Fl'ecl Steele. Nos~ 10G-HJ9. DA.LE CREEK BRIDGE, Black IIilIs. Nos. 200~2·!!). ARE OF INDIA.N SUDJEC'rS \\"bich ha,-e heen iucol'pol'U'

teu into the Iullian catalogu~ in this saU1e \"olume.

The follo~\"ing. fourte(,11 "iew~ are llmong the cn1'iollslr erotlptl graUites 1ll tbe Black Hills, abaut fixc miles nOl'tll of Sberman Station.

Xos. !!50-231. TnE PIOXEER'S HO)IE. ~os. 23~-2:;S. YIEWS AnOUT 'fUE IIEAD OF CROW' CnEEK. ~os. !!;jU-:!OJ. HOCK S'lTDU;:S, head of Grow Cl'cl'l\. c

1870 SERIES. (Negath'es 6~ X 8~.)

A series of \"ie\vs ma<1e during the summer of 1870, commencing at Cheyenue, aiJont August 1, llntl terminating at Colormlo City, NO\'ember 10, co\"el'iug n grtlat llortion of the littlo kno\\,,1l but extremely llicture::;f(ne aud interesting scenery of the Black lIills of 'Vyollling, the North Platte amI Sweetwater Rh-ersj South 1'38s, aO(I the lIauvaises Terres, about Fort Brielgerj thence into the Uinta i\Iountaiusj (lown Green Ri\"er; through Brhlger's l)ass, to Fort Sunders, and fl'om there along the root-bill raDg~s to Pike's Peak, in Colorado. 'fhe ,ery limited time gil'en for prellnratiou, the lateness of the season, a.nd the large extent of territory co\"ered, rendered the work e:xtrewely al'llnous. Nearly all the "rie\\"s \Vere obtained ,\"bile upon 'c side-trips," a sroall detachment vi:dting the more interesting portions of the surrounding mountains, or caTIons, "bile the main trnin pursued its way along the valleys.

No. 47. CAMP NEAR CHEYENNE, at Fort D. A. Russell. The reo-dez\-ous camp wbere the sllrV'cy was organized and equipped for fitld-serl"ice.

No. 48. ,: BOGDACKS." A 'Very churacteristic features of the foot-bill l'anges of the HockS l\Iountains are the Hogback ritlges, extending along their eastern face. Our ",iew Nhows one just uortb from Horse Creek, which has beeu cut at right angles by the moulltnin streams. It is composed of the Triassic and Carboniferous beds, ",itll a trend north and south. Between it and the granites which rise up iuto the main range a ,alley has heen scoopecl out by sOlUe emsi,e force, J

fl'OW 'h-e to ten -miles in ,ritlth, e~telll1ing from the head of Cl'OW Creek to the Chngwnter.

~o. 40. LOOIUNG OUT UPON TilE l)LA.I~S, frolll near the hllacl of Borse Creek, the shore-line nml bell of an allcient lakt'; showing the etlects of the el'osil-e fOl'ce froll1 the 11l01lumin~ plainwards.

~u::: • .j0-5:!. CASl'ELLATED TIocl\s ou the Claugwnter. A ,"tH'r conspiclloml feature which we notice in c.lescclIlling the ,'uller of tho Chug is the high blutf of Lower Cretnceous salll):.itoue, which stretches away to\\"nl,t! the northeast like n. huge wall. Tlae jointage is so reguhu' tbat it (It'csents the, aPllenmoee of IlUlssh'e mnsun,work gradually fuHiug to decay. 'I'lae si(les of tlu.'sl" suud::;ton8 wnll:; are from 40 to GO feet perpeuc.1iculnr, sometime:.; 'o\'el'hanging, large masses of \t'laich hll,\"e broken on' utilI fi.lllt'n to tho ha$c. 'l'heir mo:)t strUdug felltlll'e, bo\"ren'r, is to wenther into most pictnres(jue c'ls.tellatc(I 1'01'11)8. The ,-alley of the Chug is 100 wiles loug: aUlI is n. fin-orits

_ place to wiuter stock. ~n, oj:). IJAR.\.lIlE ]tn"EIt AND V.ll.LEY, looldng nOl,theast. )\0., :j 1. U'\D-L.\~DS 011 Laramie Rh·er. From tbe Chng, we Cl'OSS table

like plnins for tell miles, aud descent! to th., bealltifnl ,nlley of the Llll'amie. 'I'he Tertiary l'odi:s neal' the crossing IU\\""e ,,"eatllel'cel into 'Illite rl"lIIm'lmule nl'ciJitectul'al fOt'UlS, lUuch

12 18;0 SERIES.

like those of "· ... ite Ri\"er of Dakota. The texture! is silUihll' also ,{"itla walls and calcareolls concretiolls, pnssing 111) into fille'sandstones, whic'" decompose f'0 readily that tllt~ \"ttlless and the hills are co\"ered with loose SIll!'1.

No. 55. GRA~ITE ROCKS, near enstern bnse of Laramie Peak. _-\s ~~ apllrOa(~h the base of the mountnius, the red f~.ldspn~"'lc {{ .. unites rise in t"'ick picturesque ritlge~, fiO to 100.teet Il1gh, like ruined walls, lendiug a peculiar as well as plctnresque appearallce to the landscalle. ..

, The granites ntlord most exce-I~ent l'ock stl1d~es of t"'elr kinds. The ttlldency to went"'e-r nato l'oumlell forllls. bS. e:\:foliation autI the jointing are finely shown. The prmclpal lillfS of frncttu'e are mostly cOlitiuliOUS, nnll ha,·c a strlkc east auu west, while lhe other s~t tl"C!uu uearly uorth nnel south. I

'1''''e teudency to exfoliate by t"'e stripping off ?f their concenh-ic lasers hns enlarged th~ ~()eui~gs, sowetimes se~~ral feet. The granites are t"'us (lavlde(l JU regulnr rhomboHlal masses, mallY of which ha~e fallen down at the foot of tbe ridges, antI by exfolintiou hu~e become so ronnded thnt they appenr likc iUlmense transporte(l bowlders.

T"'e texture of thc rock is an aggregate of lal·ga crystals of reddish feldspar, with 'Iuartz and micn, the feld~lmr so predominating tbat it gil"es thc charactcr to tbe rock.

No. 50. LARA..)UE PEAK. View from a distance. No. 57. LARAMIE PEAK. Near "iew frOID the head of Bitter Cotton·

wood Creek. The l"alley of this little stream,.of which ~hc "iew gh'es liS a ~ood idea, is a, series of bcalltl~ul Imrk.!lke opeuiugs, extendmg aw~y up IUtO tbe W,OUllt~lUS, .ami I,S n. favorite resort of the Wild game so plentIful 10 tins region. i'be }leak itself, which is the highest point north of Long's Peak, is a little less thau 10,000 feet ill height, but usually retains no snow upon its summit aftcr lIas. I

It 'is jnst about the center of the range, nnd ~ises far. abo~e it, a most prowiuent landmark for a great distance 10 any ·direc~on. .

Nos. 58, 50. GRA.NITE RIDGES, llcnr the eastern bnse of Laraw,ie Peak, - of tbe same nature a!:5 No. 55, but mnch IDore e~teIJSl\-e.

No. 00. THE FOOT·HILLS of the maiu peak, aUlI characteristic of the rest of the range.

Nos.02,03. (JAm' OY THE LA BONTA. No. O~. OOTTON'WOODS ON 'l'IIE LA BONTA. No. U5. FORD A.CROSS TIlE LA BON'fA.. A ,"el'y pleasAut anti }liet,ur.

esque feature of the La Bonta are tbe lJeantifulmeadow-hke 'Valle-ys, CO~fretl with a luxuriant groW'th of grass, amI the magnificent cottonwoods, \{"ith wides(ll'eading brnnches amI dense foliage, while all about are dry, parched, snge.co~el-ell hills.

No. 60. NATUJtAL BRIDGE, in tile conoo of tbe Ln Prete; ,-iew C .. om be· . low.

No. 67. NATURAL BRIDGE, L:, Prl'le Caiion; ,"icw fmOl abo~e. A most mal·,"elous nntuml curiosity, ri~nJing its f,HIIOllS namc· suke iu Virginia.

It is situated in La Prt'le Canon, about tell miles south fl-om Fort Fetterman, uri the North Plattt'. The cafion is "forme(1 by tbe llas:mge of the creek tlJrollgh a loug ritlge that C~·

l~iO SJ::RIES. 13

teutls from La BOlita to the Rell Buttes. "rlJere the La Prele emerges from tile cuiion, it cuts through the IilUestone and red beds at right angles, forming a regular gorge, with walls froDi 50 to 150 feet in height. -

At tile head of tbis gorge t"'e stream bas at 80Dle time chung-ell it~ bed, pus::sing directly thl'OUglt n. llOint of rocks that extflld across the chnllnel. TlJe old bell is now over· gl'owll with tree~ and bushes, but is 50 teet higber tban the l)resent one. Tilt! strenm must ba"·e chungetl its course, bringiug its l\·aters against tbis rock, aud, finding a fissure opening tllrough it, grndnnlly 'Wore its present channel.

It is as perfect a britlge as could be desired. The opeoing bencrrth is about 150 f~et wide and 00 feet high.

Tbe arcb abo\'e forms a perfect span frow a great to,,"er on one hand to the old bed of tbe creek on the other.

Xo .. 08. FOR·i' FETTERlUN, naUlell for B\'t. Lieut. Col. 'Yilliam I. Fet· terman, kllled at the Fort ]'hil Kearney massacre, December 21 1806.

}:stublisbetl July 19, 1807, nn(l garrisoned by four compa· nies of infantry. Is situatetl at the mouth of La Prele Creek, 135 wiles north frolU Oheyenne, amI 70 miles from Fort Laramie.

~o. 60. FOR'l' LARA.lIlE, nllOied after an old trapper, was e~tab1isbed in 18:l!), aud was ollce a trading·post of the Northwestern Fur Company. It is noted as being the plnce \There mallY important treaties lull'e been made with tile Indiaos. Situ· ated on the Laramie Ri~er, about two miles abo\'e its junco tion with tbe North Plntte, nud 00 the line of the old o\·er· lund l'oiul to Or~goll and California.

~o. 70. CA.:\IP O~ 'fnE Box ELDER, tweh'e miles west from Fort Fettel-mun, and but a. short distance obo,·e its junction ,,·ith

. the Platte. Coutrastiug well ,,-ith the raggetl f~atllres of tbe ridge are the smooth terrnce·liJ,e benches or tables, remnants, .,robnbl,r, of some higber le~els not s\f'e(>t awa.y.

Xos. 71, 72. BoxI~LDJ::RUA-xoNnftord::s n good sectiou throngh the main ridge, being n much more l'cgnlar gorge thau toe callOU of tile IJa Prele. •

It is frow 600 to 800 feet in dept-h, entirely of erosion, 00(1 so norrO\v that it is flifticult to pass through it OIl foot, the sit.le \falls beiug perpelhticlliar ·and sometiwes overhanging.

1'be Inedolll.iuutiug rocl~s are calcareous sand:itones anu SODle layers of qnite fine limestones, with n great ~ariety of testnrc.

Sll •• 3. CA)[P ON ~'RE ~ORTH PLATTE, n~ar old Foi-t Caspar, thh,ty· fOUl' mil~s Crom Fort Fettel"llulII.

Xu, H. BAD.LANDS, ncar Caspnr l\Iouutnin. There is here n consider·nblu nr~a cOf'ered \rith light-gray snntlstones, 'fhich ha~e wcatllel-ed into UlO::it unique J01-1118. 'I'hey resemble t~e ruins of sOllJe oftl \·mage, witIt IJOrtious of the stolle wnlls aud the

_ chilllneys remaining. ~I) •• 5. Yll~w }o'(tO)[ CASPAR i\IoUNTAI:'f. This mountain is an immense

table, that hus been lifted u~ndy horizontally out of the plain SOUle SOO 01' 1,000 feet. Ollr yiun· is talum from it, 100Jdng out. upou the plains to,,·al'c.l the Platte, showing the gradual dyiug aWIlY of the hog.backs null terraces iuto the leTel ,·alll'Y·

14 le70 SERIES.

No. 76. RED BUTTES amI tbe Nortb Platte River. No. 77. CA)[P AT HED BUTTES. Onr camp at the Red Duttes was

plcas:lutly located 011 tbe broall grassy bottoms of the Plattc, ill a sort of amllhitbeatel', with the red beds rising to a great ele,-ation all around. ~nle Red lluttes are so called froID the high ridges, or groups of ridges, on the south side of the l'latte, tbeir basset ellges bearing east\,al'(l toward our camp, and of a bl'ight brick-red ill color.

As wo apPl'oacb them froni the east., in the afternoon, tbe rays of the setting SUll greatly beighwll their eO"ect and bring them out in strollg relief, so that we can readily seo wby they ha,-e been snch prominent laudlllarks, aud ha,o so long attracted the attention of the tl'm"eler.

No. 78. JACKSON (JAXON. .c\. dry gorge, cut dmfn llerpemlicularly through the limestoues somo 300 or 400 feet.

No. 79. VIEW WEs'r ACROSS THE N OltTH PLA l"rE, from abo,oe Jackson Oaiion! aud showiug ,ery distinctly an umpitlu!ater, or up· hea,ell ridge of the red beds, forming a half circle.

No. 80. A gronp of ail of the members of the sllr,ey, made whilc in the, camp at Hed Duttes.

No. 81. Vn~w FRO:U: TUE SU)nnT OF hmEPENDE~CE ROCIC, looking down ,the Sweetwnter Vulley, nml shO\\"iug \-ery plainly thnt all this portion of the ,nlley was at oue time the bell of a great lake.

Nos. 82, 83. INDEPE~DENCE ROCle A noted la11llmark for tra,-elers , at tbe time Whell this route \\"as used. Its baRe, bordering the old road, is literally cOl"cred with names and dates, mallY of the forIU~r well known in the history of the 'V ~st, and some of them antedating Fremont's time. -

i'he Sweetwater flows immediately along the southern end of it, although on the opposite siele of tho stream auothcr ridge, continuing to\fard the soutll\vest, was' once conuected with it. It is a \"nst and excel1ent illnstratioll of disintegration, its rounded forlll resembling an oblong bay-stack, with layers of rock lapping o,-er tbe top and sides of tho lUass. Thin layers haT'e beeu brokeu otr in part, amI huge masses are scattered all arooml it. o.n some portions of the sides they 101) down to the gronnd with so gentlo a desccnt t~ut one can walk up to the tOll without difficulty.

l\[easnred by the ollometer, the rock has a circumference of 1,5i;0 yards, The 1Iol'th end is 193 fet"t in height aUll the opposite end 1G7 feet, with a depression in the center of uot more than 75 feet iu height. ,

No. 84-. DEV1L'S GA1'E, on tbe Sweetwater. General '\"iew from above. No. 85. J)EYIL~S GATE, on the Sw~ctwater. View insi<le the gorge.

Fit"e Illiles np the '\"ulley we come to another \\"ell,lmo,,·n locality, the D«n-n's Gnte, a caiion which the Sweetwater seems to bo..T'o worn thl'Ough the Gl'anite lUc.1ge, cutting it at right angles. 'fo ono side, but a, ShOl't dfstnuce, is It low nntural depression, a Jew feet abo,,"o the preseut bcd of tho stream, thl'ough whicb it must hl\\-e once 80\\"cd; and tho mimI is ,'ery much perplexed to accouut for its digrcssion through this gl'cat solid wall of grauite rock. Tho current is not strong, finding it:; way nmong the huge mass(!s which hal"e fnllen dowu froUl noo\"c \\"ithout difiknlty, mHt with no geutle, soothiug lUusic not COlllllon to mountain stl'('ams.,

1071) SERIES. 15

Tho wnlls ure l"ertic~"l, 0.11(1 011 the right sitle about 350 feet hi"h, the othel' being a very little lower. The llistnnce tb~o\tgb is about 300 yarcls.

~o. 86. YIEW WEST FROlt ABOVE DEVIL'S GA'fE, sllon'ing tbo ,all~y of the Sweetwater, witb tbe Gn\llito Ridges ou the right, nml on the left the levellakeolike "ullcy stretching away to tho Seminole l\Iountains in the distnnce.

No. 87. THE 'I'WIN PEAKS, \\"ith cnmp in midllie distnllce. No. SSe '1'aE TWIN PEAKS, near 'ie\v.

Another conspicnous landroark, fift~ell miles nbo,e the De\"Wl:J Gate, a high peak in the ridge, cleft down the center, ,di,i<ling it in two u~nrly to the 1J~,sc. . '

These views show mlmirably the lioes of fntctnre or stratitication, aud their weathering away into cube·like forms. The fisslU'es sometimes nre WOl'U awas iuto a. witlth of se'f'cral feet, nnll by tbis m~ans huge masses are (letached and-left balt\nc~d npon the summits of the ridges. '

Xos. 89, DO. A continulltiou of the same ridges,. the last showi!lg bow the le,,"el s~'ge"co,·erell yalley of t11e Sweet\fatel' Juts up squarely to them, itnl1ressing the mind with the idea of a gr~at sen. or lake. ,

~ O. 91. l\ItnDIY UOCli:, at the Three Crossings of the S\veetwater, a noted station and stopping-place i'n tballays of wngou-traius. These nre the last of the grnnite ridges, ami amoug them we liU(l some ,ery charactel'istic 8tlulic!:l. This rock, which has been car,ell out of the masses uf granite abont it by th~ sloll" han(l of time, readily suggests Hie name \fe h01\·e gh-en it. I~ is about ~() fect ill ht·ight, ,~tmHls upon a t'ery 11IlrrO\f base, With its sides slopiug outward. umlu(lon its shoulders is baluuced another rock, tC)1'ruiug the beaul of the mnllllllS'.

~os. 92-96. S'l'UDIE::J ALONG TUE SUlllUT OF 'l'IIE GRANITE UlDGE, showing the chnracteristin lines of fmcture alHI exfoliatiou.

Xo. 9i. TUE uLD Dl~SER1'ED UANCII nml statiuu at the '1'111'ee Cl'ossillgS of the Sweetwnt~r. Iu the contCl' ot' the T'ie\f nro the remains of a watch-towel' 01" lookout, fl'om which tho occupauts could (liseel'n fit n distullce the npPl'oach of traill~, 01' k",ep a. watch upon their llll\f~lcome "isilors, the waudel'iug Sioux.

~o. 98. TIlE E:\IIGR.\NT'S UIU,VE. Scuttered along tlle (h'NU'y 1,200 miles froUl the crossing of the i\IissoUl'i to tho 1)1'omised laud ot' the Mormon nl'O little monnds of cill'th CO\'Pl'etl with slabs of rm·k, nud sOlUetimes with a plaiu picco of board at tho hend, witb a simple iuscl'il)tioll, anti oc(!asionnlly, \\"beu Ilem' some runch, SU1'rollmlci1 by a fcnce.

~(). 00. ~'\.'1·LA~TIC OI1'Y, SOUl'1{ PASS. XI). lUO. SOU'l'U l'4\s::J Urr¥. SOllth Pass is n grmltlnl ,·Ie\·ation, geutly

I'olling ond tnble·Ji)\e, amI olle cun pass t~e Hue of se)lU~nti~ll bct \\,CPU the waters of tbe h\-o oc~n"s Without obsernng It. lu 1~U7 goM was disco\"erell iu richly"paying qmlutities, nOll callse(l a great" stampede" 01' tlocldug together of all' the wandering millers from OT'cr the whole country. Under this influx of llopulntion these two "citics" sprang up and were for n tiUlc Ih"elS, lmstliug to""1I8. 'Ihe golll is fOllud both in quartz nlHl placcrs, and is still miued with good profit. South l'nss City has an ('Ic\'ation H\)O\-O the sen of 7,S5i feet, antI Atlantic City 1,mjJ.

16 le70 SERIES.

No. 101. BEA YEn DAl( GULCH. A stream flowiug into the main cr('(~1c .~lt _-\tlan!ic City, the bet! of which is complet(lly mou0l'olizetl by coloUles of bea\'el's, wbich lun'e built a coutinuous series of dams, froID lmuk to ban It, COl' a distuuce of tbree or four miles.

No. 102. TnE "rll\~ )fIVER }IOU~TAI~S, and Fermont's Peak, from the suwmit of the Foot,HilI range, 110rtb of Soutb I)ass, at all ele\'"ation of 10,000 feet abo~e the sea. Fal' abo\'"e iu tlle dis· t~llce rise the sllOW,cal>ped ritlges of the axis of the range '\"Ith ~r6motlt's aud Snow Pcal"s in ,"iew. Fl'lfWOllt git"es tlle ~let"a.tlOn of SUO\\' Peak as .13~570 feet, 8mI it is tlle higbest 111 thiS rangc. A eharactrrlstlc feature uf these monntains is. the delll:ie gl'owth of a ~Jlecies of the lIut'pine, wllich fur· mshes food fOl' iunum(lrable birds amI sq~.irrf!ls, nud snpplies the Indiaus with tbeir f'a\'orite foml.

~os. 103-100. SUOSHO~E INDUNS, (see Indian catalogne.) ~o.lO;. CaUllls ot' the 10th uucl11th of S(lptcwbCl', ueiu' Cllllrcll Buttes. Xo. 108. CRUROlI llUTTES, on tbe line or Ule old o\'el'lnuu stnrre,route

about 150 miles east from SnIt Latie, and at this p;,'illt ha,'~ iog an ele~ation of 0,;31 f~rt, This formation is kuown as tbe .i\lnu\'uises Trrres, or Bad Lanlls, amI consists of a ~ast de· posit of sott sediUlelltnry saudstoues nml uml'ly clays in pertectly I.JOl'iZolltnl stratn, containing "rithin tlleh' bells SOUle "ery relllarlmbic llal~olltolo~icnl .. amnins, The slow lll'ocess of ,renthel'ing has can'ed th~ blull',liucs into the IUO~t curio OllS ami fantastic fOl'IllS, lofty dOlUes and piuuncltls aud fluted' culumns, this portion particnlarly resembling some cntlledrul of the olden thnc standing ill tbe midst of desolation.

Distallce leuds n. wost delush'e enchantment to tile scene, and the imagination cau build umuy castles ii'om ont of this Ulass of most singular formation. .A. nearer RP1>roach dispels some of tbe illusions!. but tbe miud is no less hupre~sed with lhe iufiuite "ariely ot detail and the scnttered l'emnius of tile extinct life of SOllie fnr,(listant age. Tbis is also the laud of tbe "moss,agate." They are found scattered aU o\-er the surface of the country.

Sos. IOU, 110. _-\.. VIEW' Fl~O)[ l.'UE su)un'J! of one of the higbest points among tbe Bad Lands. As fur as tbe ese call rench, npon et"ery side, is a vast extent of most iufinite detllil. "It looks like some ruined eity of the gods, blnsted, bare, desolat.c, Uut

... grand ueyond a Ulol'tal's telli,ug." :Nos. 111-114:, DETAILED VIEWS of the same r(lgion; llud ll"e CUll see

in tbem tbe \'ery l)roces~ by ~hich they ba~e been cnn'ed into such cul'ions ami beautiful forms.

. So. 115. A SAW,lULL I~ TilE UIN'l'AU ~I()U~'l·Al~S. Tbe foot·bills of tbe main range are deusely clothe(l witb most excelleut l,ines. Judge Curter, of Fort Bridger, has se\'eml steam sa\\"lllills loeutec.l ill the thickest gro\"(~s, and is producing huge quan· titif!s of lumber.

~o. 110. CA.)IP OF 'l'HE SURVEY, 011 the 10th of September, among tile piues of the foot,bills, in the Uilltab Mountaius, nt an elc,'a· tion of nenrl! 10,000 feet auo\'e the sen.

No, 11 ;-110. TR~ UINTAlI l,IoU~'l'AI~S. Yiews from Photograph Rhlg~, ele\'atlOtl lO,S:m tef!t. One of tbe grn.udest and most perfect mouutain ,'iews in U)t~ ""el'4t. TlIe forcgl'Ouml is a pictm"eS()llU group of the lUOlllltlliu'llines. In the mitlelle distance, glim-

8;0 SI::IUES. 17

m~ring i!l the Slllllight lil;c a sih:f'r thrr:ul, is nlnck'~ Fork, ~1It.>a!H'el'lllg ,through gm~:i,r, luwn,liI~e l)nrl,~, the eya fullow. mg It ,nil ,tel Its ~ourc~s among the e\'el'lasring ~mows of the :-;lIl1lllllt,W':;!C. The peaks 01' cOUt'S in the clistance ure Ulo~t elistillctly ~ltl'<ltifieel Ulul apPllrf!lltly horizoutal or neal'ly so \~'ith th~ir stlnuuit~ thr nbU\'e the limits of pel'petu!ll ~1I0W, ami Irout l,uUU to !!,0f)0 t'cd "UO\ e tbe sln'ing~ that gi\'e ri:::e to the sh'enlU~ below.

Nos. l:?()-l~l. Vn,st pi1~s Of purplish. cO'"J)act qnlll't1.ite, resembling', E~,\'ptU\n p~:r:uouhJ 011 l\ gigantic scnla, witbuut u tl'llce of ~0I1, "t'getatlon, or water. One of thc:-;e rellull'kable struct, ures stamls out isolntf!d from the re~t, in the midella of the l'tllley of Smith's I!'ork, which \\'us c::stilUnted to rise 1 a()O feet nuove its bns(l, unci so ml1ch liIte a Gotbic ChUl'ch did it uppenr that the IU.-mbl'rs of the Slll'\'tW gu\'e it thA Imlue of Ha~·dell's Catbedral. No. l!W is u neal' und .No. 12L a dis, tant "iew, Ulltl they both show with l'elluU'kaulo cl~al'lJes:i thf!ir hm'izolltnl ~trntificntion. Tht.>y nl'e us reglll;\r ns the

, strp:I of n PSI'lunicl, antl as the suow re::;ts upon eacb step it relie\"es thf!Dl in tht' strongest mnllner. '

Xo. 1~2, A VIEW NEA.R 'l'IIE REaD OF THE WEST DRANCII OF BLACK FORK, looking south, HIIlI-

So. 1~3. Fuo)[ 'l'IIE ~:q[E ~Ol~'r LOOKING WES'l', deep dO\rn into the \"ullt·ys, wtth their sih'el'.r sttf!UIIl:i Hutting their wny down fI:olll tbe lofty, coue,lilte, :-;now,cnppeel SlIIllfllitli. 'rh~se twu views were made just UllOl1 the ul'per Unlit of nt'bore$cent \'~~f!tatiou.i showing iu the furt'grollud ho\v tba thl"ifry pine:l of the I!huus beIO\~, up here, hu.\'e a hlll't' ~tnlggl~ tur exi~t. rllce, belllg ,1wul'fetl dowu tu 10\\", trailing slil'ub$, slH'entl out ulcmg the, ground, nllel nl\\'ny~ tuwl\1't1 the en~t, incticatillg

• tI~at the \\'lIItl~ upon tb~se 1II0untnill:i m'e wostl.\' 1'1'0111 the west. ~os. 12.t-l:!b, TUE Ul::-l'fAIl ~IOU~'l'.\.1~8. A. distant yi"w (1'0111 the foot,

hil1:1 b"relel'ing lleul' lth't!r. ~o. 1~'. e'\R'l'l~R'~ LAJ\E, U illtuh )Iellllltaills. A bt'autifnt sheet of water

illclo~eel 011 oue Nitle hy U =,t'lUicil'cular wall ot' :lllllllstout"s n.nel ~!ates, nncl o~. th~ othe,' lJy l\ df!lIs~ growth of spl'uce,trf!cs .. 1 he del'l'c:islon tOl' the accurnnlatuIU of the \rulers of this, I,nke W1\S rO,l'Iuml by au illllllt!IIl'SC lUtl:iS of rodt ~Ul1ing down '!'ulIl tbo 1'Idg(>~ nb,o\'e. '1'he side of the muss oPI'Oldte th~ l'Ic1ge, Irom wlJl(:h It wns detnchl!l1, wOllhl be the bitl'he~t t~U'llIil1g n !'irn fu~ tim tlt"l)n"ssiun. 81)rillgs of wutt!I' on~e O~i~ !rolll the sules of tbe rit'ge, ~UlO\\'s melt, nntl ~oon " little lake IS, fOl'ruetl. This oue is ~,10 yurdd in lellAth anti ~o yartl~ wide; f!ltwatioll, 10,:j:H rct-t. '!'hel'e nrc "l"'Y lII.lIIY snch nil ' through the 1ll0uutuillS, formingn. chlu'ucte1'istic ft!urul'c iu its H~cn~rv '

~", 1:!~, GlI.li~l~i·;s 1")E.\I( • .A. beautiful nml instructh-e "iew of oue 0[' the IJl~hf!:;t I'f!U'id in the Uintnb l'Olurre, IIUIIH!tl ill bOllor uf Uencl'nl Gilh~l't, of tbo H~glliar AI'II~l'. The yer.\' ph\illh'lrI!u'h:etl sh·uta of ,'c(l SI.\Ill~~toUf!S nllli 'luartzites ill~liue ,"el:Y !-I'lghtly to thu sOlltlJea~t. 'I'be lal~e in the torcO'fuund of nbout fifty acre:'} e~tellt, bns All ele"ntioll ot" 11 OUO feet ~u(L

.. th~ pral,. rises ub,'uptly from it 2,2.;U feet. ' , ~II, 1:!~). I:.L 0.\,P1'l'..lN, ill millintur~. A pl?r(lelulicu'ar lim~stoue bluft·

u bont alJO t'c,et i~l height, \rb~l'e Henry's 1,'m'lt urt.>nl"s ont t'rullr the mOllu t:Ull~ lUtO the bl'oatl, gms::sy valleys of tbe foot·bill~ ..

2 I'll

18 I F70 SERIES.

No. 130 . .A C,DW OX IIENRY's FORK. lllUOl1g the hig cott{)ll\fOods that Iiue ntl thc's,' ~ll'~nmN.

~.o 131. A C.\.){P O:"{ 1I1~~1~Y':i FOlm:, ha\'ing ns a hadq~r()nllcl a pnl'tiOIl of the Hog Back~, \rhich ri~c ritlgu l>S ricl:.{u to t lit' distant Fonlrimit~ of the quartzite nuclcus of t1w Uilltahli, (::)l'O also t3U, wlll're t1HW Hm shm\'" .. on a IUUl'O l'xtt~lItlc'cl ~'!ilh',)

Nos. 132, 1:13. BE,\.YER DA)(S on lhmry's l"Ol'k. Thi~ sta',mm wa~ at one time thicklr illhabirctl by hean~l':';, but tbt!Y llil\-u bcen ucarly dd\-cn ont b,v the aclnmce of ci\-ilizatiou. 'fhl'l'C al'O lIIau,)" left, howl'n'r, in ROlnu of the qnict, ~(~,!hlliell nool~:.:, mui ill sncb a pineo we fuuucl the snbjl'ct whidl utiimi:; us so excellent all iIll1~tl'Cltion of their Imbit~. 'rhl~Y hu\'e 1"'1'0 COli- '

stl'l1ctecl Ii dam aea'oss the chulllH'l of the fn .. k, nbunt tifty ranIs in Il·ngth ami from three to (h·c ('t'ct in hei~ht.

No. 13l. silOws lIOW 'l'nEY CUT DOWN 1'REES, t .. im tlu,'Ul out. Allll cut them iuto cOl1\'elliellt lengths suitable (ur their IHu'lu,:-;c'. '1'he tree at the left is eighteen iuciws in dimll~h'r, The amollnt of ''1ork tlwy do: nIHl the nlt~challil!al illg'(~lInity tllC,''y sho\'1 in its :l('eolllpli~blllellt, ,,,ould hnnlly oht,sin ('I'('llt-uc'e wel'e it 1I0t for tile ilicontro\-ert~1I10 c\'illcmce here befol'c om' eye~.

:No. 135. QUAJ\'ING,ASp GnOYE. .A beAutiful tree scatt('f('ll a1l 0\'('1'

tho lli~hfr ftlOt,hill~, gellerally ill ~l'on'~ of cUllsiclL'rclbll~ l'X

tent. '£lat'Y limn a',-ers lllel.\Sallt rctid to tha 1ll0llotOllY ot' the pille, forest I!ro\\'th.

'No. 130. HOG BACKS on Hem',"'s FOl'k, near its junction with Green Hi\"'er. (See Xo, 131.) .

·So. 137. A NA'rURAL CAVEt Ill'nr Greeo Rin~r, in an· "ph(lan>,l rit1~e ot' limestone. It is fnll of holes and crc\'ices. that gin~ shdter to multitudes oflmts AIHI nniuuals. This c,l\'e ha~ al:;o bt'en a fRTOlitc re::\ort for Indil1l1s, as is shown hy tmcl'S of fil'e~, the \\'all~ of stolle laid up for defeuse, aUlI the chi(lpcll1liut~ RIUl nrrow·heads scattered about.

'No. 138. A PERPENDICULAR DLUFF of curiously treatheretl saudstooe OJll}o~ite the ca\'e.

,Nos. 130, }40. !fnE FLAlUNG GORGE, a Tiew 011 Gl'cen nin~r, at tbu , llIonth of Henry's Fol'lc, of gl'ent beant~o, aUlI "'hicb dt'l'h·e::\

itR principlll charm from th~ \'it'id coloring. '£ho wnters of :the rh'~r Rre of the lJIlrest emel'Rlcl, '''ith ballks Ollel saud-bars of gli~telling whitl'. 'l'he l'el'()cndicnllll' bluff to the! left, i~ JIl'nrly 1,500 feet nhoye the le\'el uf tbe th'er, Rutl of a bri~ht re<1 Rnti yelloW'. \\'heo ilhunillecl by full sunlight, it readily ,sngg~sts the title Ith'fll it. It is tile entrance or gate\'1ay to the still greRter wonders and gl'andeurs of the fumous ned Cniioo, thatcnts its was to a depth of 3,OOll- teet b~t\\'et'li this point nnd its entrunce into Bro"'II's Hole.

'No. 141. GREEN Ul\!Elt ,A1' DnOWN'S HOLE, below the Ht·tl Caiion, cohn, quiet, n1l(1 )leac~ft11, l'ecnpfl'Utiug for tho t;till marl' turbuleut lJassuge of the deeper, gloowil'l', und lungel' cniiulls lJelow. .

The samly beach at the left shows the foot-prints of 1Il1ioerons deer, bl'ars, aud elk that frequeut these bnlll~s.

:No. 142. A BLUFF OF QUA.Rl'Zl'l'E, near the montb uf !ted Orefk, in , Browo's Bole.

.No. 143. SCJo~NE NEAU, THE BEAD OF !tED CnEEh, showing n fiue exposure of the '.rertinry beds.

1670 SERIES. 19

~o. 1-U. A YIEW OF TUB CO,\I."DEA1U:;G D['lTFFS near Point of Rocli::l, on Uitt('l' Url'ek, Union Pacific Uailmac', SOJ milt'S we~t uf Omahll, ,l\lIeI 6,.Jd-l feet uhCl\'e the ~wn. '1'he \'(lhls m'e about th'e feet, thick, cropping out bigh on the lJlutl', nud withn \'t~ry ~Ii~ht iuclilmtiun to the northwest.

No. 145. C.Ull' O~ 1'UE NOR'ru FOIU{ OF 'l'OE PLA.TTE. .No. 1 :lU. BLUFFS O:'t TilE NORTn FORK 01-' ~l'IIE PL~'l"l'E, n~ar the

cro:;~illg of the oM o\'erhmd ~tnge,roa(t. '!'hey are ~ight.Y tu one "uuttrell feet in bt'i:dlt, exterulillg along the en.:it b'\uk of the l'h'er, DIllI, cOllll)Osed of u grayish,bl'Own ~mudsluue, exl.lbiting iu l\ rewarkllble manner thA \'nriot1:i ~igus of shallow water del)t)sitiol1:i: ripple, mill, ami lUuII lUnrkiflg~. 111'Outl, flat nm~s(!~ of rock lie at the ba~f\ or the blulf, ftl'tcen or twent,V feet squnre, with the sUl'face co\·ere(l with tbes~ 11ecnliar mnrkinj!R.

~o. 1.17. A vn~\V OF TilE llEDWI~E Bow RIVER, 011 the line of the oM stuge,road. Elk Mountain shO\n; dimly in tbe bnclq;rroUlul, througb n snow-storm, \\ hieh wns pre,'uiling at the time onr "jew was taken.

Elk ~IOtllltaill iR the oorthern spur anct highest penk io the 'MetHcine llo\v range. Elen\tioll, 7, 15~ ft'et n bo\'e the Stan.

~o. 148. CAl[P ON HOCK CREEK, showing a glimllse of Rock Crt!ek Caiiou nod the suo\V,chull:Spurs of the )Ietliciue Dow lIonnt· nius., ,

:So. 140. CAlU~ FAREWELL, nt Fort Sanclers, so namell as beiug the l;l~t r(~cYt1lnr Cll.Ull) of the Sl\rn~y of lS;O. Shmvillg Ulert'ly n fcu' otthe l1Ielllbel'~, the telltK. nllel allimll,l~ of the expeditiun,

Xo, 150. TUE UnuuERs' U.OOS'l" ut Vil'ginh, Di\Il', a stag~,statiol1 on the line of the ot.1 o\'erlnncl ronte, and which attuiutd an unl'n"iabla notol'iety during lSUU nnd 18(;3, whil~ kept by Jack Shule, n noted despt'faclo of that tillie.

~o. 151. I'LA.l'TE C.1.Su~. A "iew from tho plains, looldng ttl. into tbo cuiion, bcing the e!it of the South l'latte 1'1'0111 the 'llolllltaill range that sepal'ates South Park frow the plaius. .A. l'llg:;e(l, Jll','cipitons, nlltl hlilCCc~sible gorge.

~o. 15~. nOCIi:S JjgLOW I'LA'l"fE CANON. A remarkably expressh'e yjew ot' the lll>hea,,~d l'etl saudstuue, \l'01'1l by ntlllo~pht!l'ic l\g~ucies iuto most wOllderful "orlU~, the suata stantling up at .1Il augle of (;0 degrees, and 'l'eathel'ell out ioto 1), tlJou::5U11I1 cUl'ions piun3cle~ and st'l'rntelt ritlges.

Xu. 163. PLl~ASAN'l' l'ARK, n. smull pictul'e~(Jlle valley, lying lJetweeu the saudstone ridges nod the wountaiu::s, nt',lr tlJe Colormlu di\"'icll'.

Xo. lal. SODJ.. SPRINGS, 00 the Fountain qui Donille, three milfs nbo\Oe Colorado Oity. At the prcs~l1t lillie (1~75) tbe spiillgs ha\'e bt'collie n fashionable wutel'iug·place, aud tile ellcroacblllent:t of ci\'ilizution hu,\·e uearly obliterated the old unlumllt!;ltun'S or locality.

~,t 1;:;5.' Ul'l~ )"ALLS, in Ute Puss, where the Fountain qui D,mille is furcl',l thl'ough a onrl'o\l",pl'ecipitolis gorge, abollt oue Ulile nbove the springs. Now, these fulls tll'escnrcely distinguislaahle, ns n. road hIlS \)eeu blllstecl through tbe lDassive gl'Uuite that furm:5 the walls of the canon, nutl the nccumulatioll of (lebris fulliug iuto the stream, nncl chuuged its cl!lu'actC:l' elltirt~ly.

20 18iU SERIES.

Xo. IGG. P)KE~S PEAK, from ncar Oolora(~o Oity, looking np tile \-all('~ ot the Fountain Clui Bouille. Ell·~nti(.\u of tlJt'll(~ak, l.J,~lG lect.

No. 157. A ,-mw IN 1.'nE G.!.RDE~ OF 'I'IIE GOD~, ~lan\\'ing the c('ntl'.,l Iille of tile u(lhea\""etl SHudstUIICS, with occasiuual onlcl'OpIliti~s. of the white g~'psl1m beds. The ,iews of lS;3 sllo\v this locality to much b~tlcl' ndt'antllge.

Nos 1£iS-1(jO. SeE~ES I~ ~IOi~U)lEN'r PAUK, along ~rollUlllent Creek, and tIte small U'ibntaries tlant ftO\t' iuto it from the we~t, some of the most singular alHl unique mOlHlIUent fOrl,natiolls to be met witll ill the whole conutl'Y, aud the tlu'ee news we 1Ia\-e noted gh·e but a. faint concl'l,tioll of their hl'al1ty, 'fhe 1873 ~el'ie)s does them mol'~ justice. 'fhese groups are UpOIl a small t.l'ibntal'Y or )IOlll1Went Oreek, about uille mile::; abon~ l!olOl'atlo Uity. 'fhe streulll hns cut lL linle \-nlley tlJl'ongll a coarse lUate..ial with la:HI':) of irregnlar dt'llo~ition, hardened iuto;\ compact samlstoil£'. 'fheD COIUf'S a tbiu la~'Cl' of iron· stone 01' iUllmre limonite, \l"ith UO\V and tben tbm seams of marl ~r clay, but the whol~ is a qum'tzite nUltedul, amlmther coarse. The JjO'ht-colol'ell sandstones belo\v ara wcathl'l'e(l into most sinCl'~Jar columnm' or Ulounweut·like f'Ol'JU$, \fith

e , I. thin layers of l'U~ty sandstoue as a cap, protectlog' tue suw· mit.

Xo. 161. A COLLECl.'W!,{ OF BUFFALO, ELK, DEER, !\IOU~T'\'I~-SHEEP, AND WOLF SKULLS AND BO:\ES, henped UI' IU lUonunwut 101'10 being nil collectecl uear Fort Sumlel's, aUtI shows tho abuu'dnuce of game tllat ouce p.bollndell ou tlles~ plaius.

Sl'EREOSCOPIO . VIEWS.

Views of moontuin scenery in Wyomiog Tel'ritory, incllliling t be lllclCk llill:3, ''"hut Ui\'Cl', aUlI Uintah Mouutaius null Green Hh-er.

No. 2G5. ROCKS 00 tbp. Chugwater. No. 2UO. C01.'1.'ONWOODS ou tile Laramie Ri\""er. );0. 207. LARA)UE BAD-LANDS. No: 2G8. VIEW ou Laramie Ith-er. . Xos. !!(j!J, ~70. LARAl[lE UlVER AND VALLEY from bll1fl':3. );0. 271. CA11P ou·th~ Hitter Cottonwood. Nos. 2;2, 2;3. GRA~lTE ROCKS, at foot of Laramie Peak. No. ~;4. BLACK BILLS neur Lm'omie Peak. No. 2;5. LARA)llE PEAK from tbe foot·hills. No. 276. LA-RAlIIE PEAK froID the heml ot' Bitter Cottouwootl. No. 2,7. LAIU)lIE PEAl( from the head or plaius. !\o. 278. CA.~O~ nt base of Laramie Peak. . No. 279. 1'IlE STOP FOR LUNCH oll.the wny to the peak. No. !!SO. CA)[P 011 the Ln. BOlJto. No. 281. C01"fONWOODS 00 the La. Bonta. No. 282. I>YRAlUD UOlHi't near tho La Boota. Nos. 2H3-28G. NA'rURAL BRIDGE, uear F01't F~tterman. Xos. 2H;-~91. Box I~LDER CANON, uear Fort :b'ettermHo. Nos. 20!!, !!U3. VIEWS fl'om Caspar ~Iollntain. Nos. 2U4-~OG. DAD-LANDS, uea~ oltll"ort Caspar. Nos. 207, 208. OA31P 011 the :North Platte, ll(~ar Caspar. No, 2m). NOR'rIlI>LA'l'TE UIVEIt at Ut'd nlltt.e~. Nos. 300, Jot. nED DU'lurES at ~orth Platte River. NQ. JO~. J ACKSO~ CA~O~J near Red nutte~.

1870 SERIES.

~o, 303. ~[E)mF.RS OF TRE SURVEY IY CA)tP at Reft Buttes. ~os. JOl, J06. INDEPENDENCE HOCle, «1n the Sweetwater. X o. 3U7. I~AST from Intippentlence Hock. Xo~, :JUi'l-311. DJ~V(L'S O,\,'fE, Sweetwater River. :Xo. :312. OAl[P nt the Three Urossings of tile Sweetwater. Xo. :H:J. OI.D R.\.NOR nt the Tllree C'l'Ossiugs of the Sweet\vater. No. 314. SOUTH PASS Cl'fY.

21

:Xo. 315. ATLANTlO OITY, Soutb Pass. . :Xo. 3W. FRElwN'r's PEAK, distaot \·iew in the 'VincI River ~r()nllti,in$. X o. 317. 'V'ES'f frOID soutllern foot-hills or \Vind Rh'er Mcmntaius. Xo.318. EAS'f from southern foot-hills of 'Vind Uh'er !\Iollntaitis. ~o. 319. NOR,{'U fl'om southern tbot-Ilills of 'Viud Rh'er Uountaius. No. 320. SHOSIIONE VIr.LA.GE ill tbe 'Viml Ui\"er l\1ountuius. No. 3:H. 'Y AR-CUIEF'S TE~'r. Nos. 322, 323. SCENES in village. :No. 324. WASHAKIE nod bis warriors. ~o. 325. CHonea BUTTES on Blnck'd Fork. Nos. 3~7-328. llA'D-LANDS nenr Cllurch Buttes. :Xo. 3~O. CI\)(P ill the Uintalt l\Ionntllios. :Xos.330-332. UIN'fAR l\[OUN1'.!.[NS, benet of RInck's ForIe. :Xos, 333, 334.' UtN'L'AlI ).(OU~l'A.INS, bend of Smith'~ :b'Ol'k. );0.3:1:;. UI:oJTAR 1\I0UN1'AINS, hend of Dear UiV'er. ~o, 330. TUE OLD i$ONK, Uintuh nIonutains. .xo.331. CARTEU'S LAKE, Uintub Mountains. .xo:;. 338, 3:m. GILBERT'S PE.\Ii:, Uiutnh i\Iountaiu~ ~o. 3.{0. DLUFF'OIl Henry's Furk. Xo.3·11. CA)[P ELLlOT1', Uintuh l\Iountains. ~o. 312. SPRUCE"'UEES, Uintah Mountaius. .xo, 31:3. P1XE'l'REF.S, Uintnb )Ionntaills . .xu. :1 ........ QUAJnNG.ASP, Uiutah l\[ol1utnius. :\us. JJ5, :UU. BEAVER-DA)I~ on Henry's l"ork. Xo, :H7. nJoan;;ns' WORK ill cntting down trces. ~u. 3 Iii. e.\.)[1J ncar mouth of 11(HII'1":; .I!'ork. )io. 3·m. GI(EE~ HIVER, near mouth of Umlr.f's Fork. X·'.3.;!). :KA'l't:RA.L UAYE, moutb of Hm,ry's FOl'k. ~ u, :3;j(. Gnl::E:oJ HIYER, in Bl'o\t'n's Bole. ~tI, :J:j:!. SCE~F. 011 Helt Crcek, near D,'o\t'u'g Hola. ~I). ~n:J. BLUFlo' IlClll' muuth of ITcnl'y':i Fork. ~o. :;:i ..... YIEW 011 )fedicine Bo\V Uh-er. . ~C), :~J;j. VII;;W 011 Uock Creek. ~u. :1.;0. Ym(H~[A n,\.LE, Itobber's Roost. ~II, :J:;1. l\[Otr'l')[ of Platte Caiioll. \." :~.'j~. I:Ol:l\~ nem' Plntte Vaiion. \11. ~:j!J. 0.$11' nt Kouutz. \11, alilt. PLl-aliAX'r PARK. ~III . ..;, alii, :J1i:!. HOD.\. SlJIXGS, near Colorado Oity. \", :;Ii:t Ul'E FALLS. • \ II, :i'j 1. I'un:'s PEAK. ~II. ;;t;.l. Yn;w ill the Gnrflen of the Gods. c

'."" ::lil;-:171. Vll~WS in ~IOnnl1lellt Parl~, curiollsly eroticli sandstone. ~ .. ~. :;;:!-;Jil, }JUFFALO lIOXES. \". ;i;:;, ..AX'I'''~LOP.~. \'1, ;j;,i. UJU 't).~n. \", :jj'j. POI:CUl'I~E.

1871 SERIES. (Xegath"es 8 X 10.)

Fl'om O~ct~nt Utah, ",in. F01't Ha1l, ltlnbo, to Fort ElIi:-:, )Iont" HIt.'11 np th~ Yenow~tulJe Uh·el' to th~ lakl', to the gf'yser ba$ins 011 lht' Iw.ltl watf:'l':; of the )[;uJison. 'rite retlll'n ronte illchulcs \~iew:; alon),! till' nt'nn~l' Hcnd Hh'er mId thnt portion of ]cl,,110 alltl \Yyollling Iyillg between Fort lIall elntl E~llli~tOll, on the Uuion Pil!~itic HailI'Ul\II.

The lIulUbers nrc continuell fl'om the pl'e\'"iuu!'; scrh.'s : No. 16:). nE~DEZ,OUS CA.:\[P, at l"ol't D. A,,: nussdl, neal' CheyeDn~,

[See 47.; Nos, lOG, lU1. l,'ms'r C!JfP OF TIlE SURVEY at OgclcD, Utah, c1o~e mull'r

the \Va~:ltch )IOllutnills. A lUlu"kecl i'eatlll'e iu the 1ll0lllltaill, hlChull'cl ill our \'lew, is nil exposl1re of onc~ thousaml f~c,t or 1\0 of quartzites allcllimcstone, bcnt up into an arch, th., l'ocl\y Kitlt.·s of the mOllutain being so dl'mull'tl n~ to show th .. strati6e:atioll YCl"y eli~tillct1y. Elevution of calllp plateau .J.,-tttS ftot·t.

No 1G8. OGDEN C.\~O~ three lIlil~s allo~e its month. A 1H1rt"Otr ~or~l' cut thl'uuglt thr I'ocl;:s, with walls 1,uOO to 2,O()U f'ec,'t in hc.>ighr, the rO;lclway \wing built 11p from the uNl of till" (!l'f't'k. In till' Cfnh'r of th(Y "ie\"', ~\ cOlIl~"lil~e 1lI11!i'3 of q\1art1.ite~, mo~t dis· tinctly and beantifully srl'atifiecl, stnnch~ nl) Ht au angle of ;'.i dtogl'et!S and 100 teet high. A ,'ery intfrestillg gl'ological 11icture. .

Xo~. 160, 170. C.\)(P NEAR THE IIEAD OF C.\CIIE Y.ALLEY', Utab, 1001;:· ing south, se\"ellt.y·fi\'(~ miteS! north of OJ,len, 'rhe ,alley j, about sixty miles in length ailli sen' .. ill wiclth. Is well. I'll'"

tlt'd with six or eight Mormon ,'illngl's, and n tutnlllOpul<ltioll " of some 10,UOO. l;;ltwatiou, .J.,G24 ICl't. Xo. l7t. BEAR HIVER. OROSS[NG, hend of Cache Valley, eighty mill':'

from O~clen. Xo.172. CAl[P ox GOOSEDERRY CREEK, 1l0l'th slope of Reel Hock PM~:-;.

,,,ith n. \'i~w ot' one of the mountain ricl~es that Sl'parah' Cuche from l\Inlncle YuJlt>~·. Ele\'atiull, 4,,06 feet..

No. 173. RED UOCl{ PAss,Iclllbo. Ele\'"ntion, 5:U11 f~et. One bnnch'{'c1 nlil~s ft'pm O~d('n; tbe clh"ide bl·tWt!f'1I the wutc'l'~ of the l'1I lnmbin, am1 Salt Lake. The butte on the left i:-; Cl bright,red! ferrngillon~ s!Uld~tonc, ollcl the other n. blni~h IiIllC:-:tUlll'.

No. 174. RED Hom~ BU'l"!'I:':! olle mile buJo,\" tla(' pas~, 3Un fl'l·t in hl'ighl of Cnrbol1ift-rons limestone, a rich red ~OIOl', liue to the l""t':" ence of oxide of iron. "

Nos. 1;5, 176. 1')OR1·~Et;l.t' CAXON. IlIllstmtiug tIle imm('llse haS:llti. o\'erOow, filling the ~alleS' as le\"l~l os u finut', Clllltl'Clstill.~· tillfly wirh the boht mountain ontHlll's upon cHhc'r :oit .. '. '1'1., crcek cuts clnsely np to the bl'ds, eX)lo~illg all npl'ig"ht \\,ill of columllllr hn"alt f(lr a number of III ill's.

No. 177. FORI' HALL, Iclabo, north frolO Ogdcn one Iltlllch('d anrl ~l'\ enfy,six mih·:J. ElcYCltiOll! 4,7~·1 f~l!t. Lm!at<,cl ill a lIl'HUli!'" J!ra~~y \'altl'Y, alllong the r"ot·hill:o:, on the ~Ottth :-oitll' of ~U;It.· Hin'r. It i~ fUl't~- lUill'~ aho\"t~ the sitc of ultl i,'urt 11,111, It· culccl on the uauks or the rh"Cl'. .

1671 SERIEC;. 23

Xo, 17$. SXA.KE nIVER. TJr}oJdng nil fl'Olll Taylor's lll'itl~e, twentr,si:c lIIilc~ Wt'st I'l'OIll Port Dall. 'l'lu~ ri\,t'r hc!l't! rllsh~~ through a llano\\' chunllel of clark, uearly bhLck bll~lllt. OUl' \'ieW' '\'Hl'I taken in tim spring, ",luHl the challllel "'n~ fnll. In the fHJI, when the I'h-er is low, it l'e\'t~al~ deep caiiou-IiILe Wi\lIS about lUU fec't b~low the sUI'face.

No. 170. P,n·noLEs, .A I)ortioll of an 0lc1 elmnnel of the rh-,",r throllgh tht\ ha:;alt~: nllel showing buw cua"iulI:5ly th~ put"hole~ WCI'e hnllowt!cl out of the iron like I'ock In· th6 nC!tiou of tht! watt'I'. l'hl~~' exist by thOl1SalHl~ 011 both ~i;les nnrl lIl) IlIld cluwn tlle rh'er, 1l1I1l al'e particularly llotic~nble in thi$ old ch.Ulllel.

No, 180. PLr":.\SA~l' VALLln', Ittaho, .A slllall '"alley, of not IUOl'O than 200 nt!I't'::5 ill extellt, just south of the mniu Rocky ~Iountain tlh-il1e. It is 275 lUiles Ilorth from Oglhm; ele\'.Ltioll, G,2:JU ft'et,' '1'lte dh-ic.le is four wiles to the llolth, nUlt i:; but :!50 ft'et higlll'r.

No:;, 181, 1$2, 1$3. ItED [tOCK ~\[OU~'I'A.I~S, fl'om the jnnction on the O\'(~l'lalld srngo"lint', 20a lllilt'l'I fa'om Ogrlt>1l ; t'lc"ntioll ot' '"nlley, G,a:!!) feet. 1'Laey nre., (loltioll of tho maiu HI)cky i\Iuuut· aill c1i,"icle, s~pnl'atill~ Idaho '"rOlD l'IuutnaUl.

No. 1S·1. .4\[ou~,.r G,\l~FmLo. The hight'~t sUlllmit iu the Re(l Rock l\Iulllltaill::5, heing 0,70-1: ft'et nbo\·e the ~t'n •

;No. 185. A ,lEW I~ 1'HE J)EY[L'~ PASSWAY', showing n 1l00'tioll of the caiion through quul'tzite~ alHl ~Ulllll~tOlle-, with u basalt C1)pillg'.

Xo. 180. <1A)[l' ON '1'111:: PA!-J~A.l[(RE, 01' 8(illking \Ylltt!l', on~ uf th~ main branclle:i of the Jt~ll't!l'~OIl, ~howillg a glillJP~e of tit" snuw·chlll mountaiu:} burdt!l'iug the .i\lmU:;ou, nUll amoug which ure it~ sotll'ces.

No. 187. VIRO(X['\ (WrY', llollt. Ele\·ation, 5,8~" fe-et, l1~ur the fuot of Alder GulcLa, one ot' the rich cst plncer,mining districts ill l\[ulItllhn, c1i:;co\'~retl in 1$U3, The tOWII dat~:5 its existl-llce from that time. The "ie\\" i~ fl'om nCl"U.i:\ the gulch, lookiug lIol'th,

~tJs, 183, lSH, HUt IIn)lu.uuo )([XING NE:\C "YmG(~I.\ OITr. Altier (iulcll i~ Sixtl!l'l1l1lill'~ ill ICll;..:th, ri~illg' in the IIwlIlltains IW:U' .i\laclisoll Uin'\, -ut nn altitllclc of 1,500 ti-et: 'flae two fir:St ,'icn':i z:;ho,\' the IUnnner ot' wll:;hing a\my the ~dtll'8 ot' the J!1I1c:h iutu th~ sillicc,boxc~, whcl'e the gulcl is c()lIech~c1. III Nn, lUll a thune i:i lahlupun thl' bell,rock,·in the lJUttOln of thH ~Itlch, nlHl tile \\'ah'r::! of thu (~l'l!ek hronght thl'ough it, c.U'l'y· illg with its ClIl'l'Cllt the :lul'irt'l'oll:; sands.

Xo. 101. DIUDGE OVEtt 'l'UE :lI.L\DISUX, nhont hnll:\\'ClS' bctweell Virginia, Ciry aurl Bozl'lIlnn. Tho lIm1i:mll is OI\C of the thl'e~ Stl't'a.IlI~ that unite u ~hOl't lti:lltallct! l ... low tu fhl'lll the )1issuul"i.

~o. 10~. l!'CJU:l' gLLB, 3[,)IIt. One ot' the l:u'ge:;t uncI most importl\llt lIliJitar~' pn:4t:; ill tile ~orth\\'est, situatctl Ull )[jll Creek, ahollt three miles nlttn'e Buzeman, nt the ht'all of Gallutill Yallcy. It i~ thl' l'l"lldcz\'OUli nucl 0llt6tting poiut fur tht! explomtiulL of the "\\'omlt'l' T,IlIUl" Iyillg b"'YOUll.

XI), Hl:l. A Onoup OF 1'I1E OFl"lC&I~S A'I' FOUl' ELLIS, J\ll~·, 18i1. ~,,:;. l!J.l, 1U;;. (j,\)LPS 01i" 'l'IIE SUU\'El'", Ill'ar ·}t'Ul't ~llbl, l)l't!pu.rutol·Y to· " mO"iug O\'~r 011 th~ Yf:'llowstone. So. H)3, 1\[ YSl'lO L.un:, A. pictnresr)ue Ii'tle sheet of "'atel' of aboll t

tiny nCl"CS ~xtCllt, the bc:,,1 of llo7.l"llum Cl'cl'k, and olle uf the· bmllchl':-; or tho gn~t Gallatin. It i:; ubunt tWt'ln~ mill-s l'iourb of it'olt Ellis, til' UlllOlig the mounfains, .As it is full of excelleut trout, it i:; a t'nyol'ite pltusuru l"eSOl't.

24: IBil SERIES.

~o. 10i. ~h"STIO LAKE, di~tant ,'icw fl'om tile trait. 'I'lle fll'St glilllpsc as W(~ nppl'O:tch it.

N'O:5. 19S, H):). VIEW l>OW~ TUB Cn.gEK a. short flist;\lwo helow tht! lakc'. The cl't!ek fall~ '"CI'y rapiclly, sOUle .-,UU ('t'ct ill le~:) than half :t 1lli1~. .

Nos. 200, !!Ul. YALLEY OF l'UE YELLOWS"'O~E, looking ~ollth frolll the fin;t calion. Oa lim left tl}(~ Yellowstone ()I' Snow.\" rau~e !'tamt:; ont in huM relil'f. t.he ese fhllo\fillg it lIl) to Ellligl'Hut Pe:tk, t.lIirty mil~s n WU)·. 'rile dn'r willcl~ amung gl'O\'eli of coHonn-ooll thfftugh n bron(llake·like \illl~.\", of from thn'o to fh'e miles in wiclth, until it fades away in tlw di~ti\nl!p, tUl'm· ing one of the most nUri1cth'e "ie\fS in the catalugllc.

No. 202, Exl'l' OF TUE Y'BLLOWSTO:'ll::, throu~h the Bl'st caiiun, showing a portion of the mOllllt'lill mllge inchulNI ill the last ,-ic\\'.

No. 203. DOl'ELEn.'S RA.NCU, O!l the Yellowstonl', nppo:site Emigl-nllt I)cnk. A tog cabin of the .,iollE'er sllImp. m\"llt'd b~' thl'l'e brot herN, whet luwc earned a wide replltal~oll I'm' whulc,solilecl, Item't)' hospit,alit~·. 1It'ro nil \\'a::()I1~ mHI ~xtm baggage wem h·ft, for brY('lUI thi~ point 'fas Ilothillg but at nalTo\\' fl'alil, (IS71,) accessible oilly to the t)u .. c,foot~d mule 01' IUII'dy Ca)'UR(l.

No. 204. ElUGRANT PEAK. A gl'eat \olcallic conc ou tho (last bank of th~ Ycllow~t()lIe opposite Dotel"'l"s, anti the scmthfol'll tcrmiIIn~ of the Yt·J1CtW~tOlll' SnO\fS 1'il1lJ!l'; ("Ie,'ntioll, lU,U::?!) fh·t, nlHl 5,nOO feet "hon!- t he .. in' .. at it:-; bn~e. 011 its 1J00'thfl'1I flauk is the well·l;nowu'Emigl'nut Gnlch millillg.tli~triC[, nlltl the site of n-hnt \\"l1S OIWO Yellowstone City.

No. 205. YALLEY OF 'I'JIB YELLOWS1'O~£, Six· milll:i n\lo\"c 1l0tt·](lI':.;, looldug llorth; great llIa~~es of 't'olcallic bl't'~cicl ill the fom· grouud; n hmmltic tnhle ill the llIitltJle distallt~(', ntltl ill thc ('xtl'emc distnncH the t::hnl'lI CH'st of Emigl'nllt Pl'al\:.

No. 206. TIII~ I.OWElt OR SEC:O~D CASO~ OF 'l'UE YELLOWSTOXE, fl'om the ]ow ..... elld looldng lIJl. 'l'h~ gl'CllJitt~ walls' J'i:-;e ill ahrupt augnlnl' Iiuc's olle thuu:.mlCl f«!et ()I' more nho\"l~ the tlll-bllll',Ut stl'~nm forcing its way thruugh the 'UUTO\\, chaulIl'l at thdl' ftaet.

No. 201. THE SECOND CA~O~ fa'om its upper c.ul1ooking don'u. No. 208 .. TilE SECOND CAXO~ nt the \l"atelJ~ edge. Ou onl~ t-:itle .. i~l~

. abl'llpt lll'l'pemlicnlnl' \Talis of gneiss, Illitl on thc oppn:-;itc tzitll', less abrupt, Are SCAttl'l'ed u Ii.~\\' cottonwuods ntllOllg the mass of l'ocl~;f tlcb,,'-"I anbnling ple;u~nnt ~l1adc 1'01' the tish~l" mnll, fOl" the ri\,(~l' ill this lIt~igllbol'hootl is most nbullllantl~' Ntocl~ed \Tith the lal'gt.>~t mad tin~st of tl'Out.

No. 209. ApPROACII '1'0 ClI'~~/\.n.\.n. ~IOt.T~l·At~ froUl LJt:]ow, looking up the rh-el' from the !;tuuti.))(Iillt in No. 207.

Nos. 210-213, are tlilferent \'it!ws of UilliulLJat· Moulitain and tho ])e\'il':5 Slith~, tell 1IIi1~s ubo\'e thc &ecolltl canoll.. It is It 1IU1l1l1taill n( nlteruate beds oflhuestonf,snudstolle, ctnnrtzit~~, and \'"I,'anie dikt':;, elcnltc<i to il. n!I'y IIcnl'ly '-cl,tienl PU:;itil)l), with thl~ Roner sh'atn so wOl'n Away ns to lea,'c tho hamIel' un,l mol't! p-Ilduriug ridg(.~s shunting'. Our "iews inehu1e unl,\' the C~ll' tl'~n portion of the loug stu'it's uf l'id;,{es. Pl'I)ll1iall'nt: nmoll:.{ lh~1D are two pamUl'l wall~, Ufty fh·t nplll't HIIII two humln'cl ill Iwight, l'unning' Ill> UlC mountain ~itle 1,;')UU .""~t. Ht!. tween thc wnllR 011 one shlc is a bam) of lll-i~ht "l'l'udliulItintt"d <:111~', which ha~ becn rni$t&lkcu rOle cilluab;u', alltl hl'IlCl~ the uallle UiulIllbnl' ~lonlltaiu.

len SEllIES. 25

'I'IIE GRE4..1' HOT Sl)RIXOS O~ G.1.RDISElt'S mVER.

Tl'" milt'S nbo\-c Cinnubat" ~1()untain,.aIll1 thirt,\·.fi\-e from nlltl,ll'IJ:), we (:ome to Gill'c1inel":i I:h'el'~ n. mOllntain torrent ('Ilttin~ its wa,~ through C.'etaceolls ami TCI'thu')" !\tl'ata, in' lliellll'l·:;f(m.· cuiinn:;, und emptying it.self into the Yellowstone at thu ruut of the thinl caiton. Four miles :thcn"e the junction of the Ntrenm~, and ut nn elc\'ation of 50n or mil) fl"t't "hmol' U(\rc1illel~':i Uin'l', we come smltlent,\' in sight of the Sill illgs. I Ht-Iore lt~ lics n higl! white hill of calc:u't!ol1S st!tli· IIImlt, c1t'posite(1 ft'olll uumerous hut ~p .. ing:;. The whole mass looks like sOllie grnncl cnscade that lllul heen MlItlclellly ul'restt"t1 in its de~cellt ami frm:eno' On exnmiuiltiolJ it wus found thnt the d~posit ~xtcnded for some two lIIi1l"S further up the gorgc, nn(1 below rl'lU:hell to the edgc or th~ rh'el', ocenll~'ing altogethcl' ahout foUl' l:Iqunt'e milcs. ~ 'file pl'illeipal IIIn$:;, occll(lying nn m'en ot' ubont olle squAl'e mile, i~ ar· l'angl·t! h'l n s~ries of terraces, one abo,'e tho othet', euch IJt~iug coml,osell of beautiful basins, selUieh'clllnr ill shape nncl h.,,·iug rcgulat· c(lges \rith exquisitely scalluped mt\rgin~. Smull sll'emus tlow,(ltl\vn frolU them ill clJallut!l:; lined with ()~dcte of iron, ",ith tile most delicate tints of rt'd. Others ~how exquisite sluu1t!s of yellow, from n. deep, lH'ight sulphur to n. delicatc crealll color. Still others ure staine(1 with ~IIIHI~ of gt'f'en. .AIl these colors are ns brilliant as the lJl'ightc:\t aniliue·dIes.

'l'1l(~ wuter, nftel" I'i~ing froUl the spring·basins, flows down the decli "it,r stell h)" step, from oue regCITOir ttl nllothcr, nt each mm CIt' them 10~ing u. portiml of its heat ulltil it becomes us cool as spl'ing,wuh~r. Holding ill ~oll1tiolt 1\ ~reat. amount of lime, \fith some sOtln, nhlluiu:l, nnd lIIaglle:oia, they a .. e slowly depositell n~ the \Tntt!r 1I0\\'s dowlI lhe moulltnin, funning the ~ucce$~iun of busins. The tl'lUpcmtnre \'nl'ie~ fro", WIP Fuhl'. to H).lO, the boiling.point at thi~ eltwation.

'fhl'se uatuml bllsin~ "ury somewhat in Si7.l~, nn'ragill~ ti\"c by l'i~ht ft!~t, allcl frolll olle to fOUl' ft!~t in d('IHh, 'l'heir 'IUlI'sodn:; nl'e bea\ltit'nll.\' scallo(l(~ll and ndumed with u uutural heCHl·work of exquisite bl'Ullt.,\' •

);0:-1. ~J.&., 21a. GnOUl' OF LOWglt DAS(XS. ~U:i. :!1U, ~l I. GIW\ifl 010' Ul'l'lW, DAS(~S.

'The abo,'c serit's c!ompl'ise thc lU"incipal portinn of the ha=--ill~ h'I'IIll'(1 fallcifult.\· hy some Di.lllel'S HathiuJ.:'·Pool:i.

Xo. 218. JI;\I:(m ~l;IUSG UPON SU)[)U'l', IICUl' the Glltel' IIIIIl'gill of the lIIain tC1Tacl', supplying the nbon; bnthiu~·pool:i with their wah·l'. It::; dillu.·u!iiClII:::I nt'C twenty·fi\'(~ b,\"ftu't.\" t'taet.

Xu~. 2LO-2~:1. Gltot:l' OF'SPIUX<HI upon the Silruc lc\'el with the nho\"e Art'at builillg spl'iug, of I(!ss ncth·ity, bnt gl'catl'l' LJtmuty ill ful'1U Ilml tint. '

~IJ, :!:!.l. Ax OUl40XU l;'[SSUr..ED nIDGE, of abont 1.jO ym',ls in. length, :--ix to r~1l feet high, nlHl from tCIl to tiftet!1l In'oml ~\t the bil::;e. 'J'lw Ii:oisure I'IIIlS frolll olle eud to the other, ami is 1'l'Om six tn twchrp im:i1es \fhle, fl'olU which stenm i~stles iu cOII~itle .. cL· hie (1IIillltitic:5. Tlle hlllCl' POI'tiurl of tla~ slu-II i:i IiIH~cl with n hard, whito eU:llut"1 like porcelain, co\-el'l'c1 with beautiful C!I-y~tal~ of slllphm' that lUl\"e bl'ell gatllOl'ctl fWIll the surg· illg IIllcl sl'ethiug calth'on of sulllllul'ctctl steam l'ish!g ('l'om ir..

26 IB71 SERI ES.

"Nu. 2~5. A GE:"EflAL VIEW of (ile lIorthern r'I Cl' o f tlJ e Illaiu central I IOI':iulI.

Xo. ~ ~ U. CAl' OP LmEI1TY, di ~ talli. 'ric.l\"". No. ~~"j. CAP OF LlIIEnTY, Bcnr \'iew ,

At the has t! of the principal terrn cc is n lal'~l" <11'(':1 eo\'en 'l! wilh ~ hallo\\' puols, where S OUI C of the Orll;tlll Clllati o li S :1rI '

1ll'I{ect, while ol.hl'l' s arc f:lst ~oillg- to tit'eny, k';1\' illg' th(· tlt'coIIIJl us~d )o:Ptlillll'lIt. as while :-I S SIIOW. 011 this ~ lIh · tI ' r · r;I(:C is a I'rtllarli:ahl e COIlO alwllt fift y feet ill hl' ig-ht, all,1 t\\"('lIt,r f't'C't uroad <It the ha~('1 it s t.lI'IU s lIJ.!'g'c:-; til1g tlte 1];11111' of Illl~ Lihcrty Villi. It i.:; IIl1d olllJll'llIy tbe l'c lllaill S of ~111 ('xtillet g'l' ,r!'er.

No. ~~ .s. LOOKI:\G Gr o\"('r t.he extinct portion of the lIIain teITa ce from tIll' C"(l or Lihcrty.

No. 2~D. LOOKIXG DO\\"ii npoll Gardiner's HiY(~ r frulII tllt~ ~ lIl11mit of thl' m.liu {PIT:lCC', the beautiful ha siu~ fOl'1I1iujI th e j'OI'C;.!TOllllrl , ,11111 ri~ill;:! ahruptly f l'O tII Ille ri\-~r to a he ight. (If 1'1'01\\ I._Jun to 2,(10u I(·(·t. is a "cl'tical hllln' of h":lulifull.r s tr;\tili~d Crt: · t:H:t:UlIS :lllil 'l\'l'tiaI'Y hed;-\! c:l(lpl'd hy :l ba salt ic jllall',Itl.

No. 2:W. OE~EnAL YlEW OF TIm :1I.r1.L N ~ l'r.I :\'G :lilt! t <" I'I',\Cl' fl' VUl aUoH'. No. ',!:Sl . nC:-;EIL\L YU":W OF 1'lm ~[,\tN :->l'HI );, G 1'1'0111 uetO \'i. 1\u. :!J:!. TU E FIRST HnlD(iE E V lm. OVIL'l' ..\ CUO::;S THE: YBLLO\\-:S TO~E,

Iwar tile junctioll of b ,ls t Hinor wit II til e Yclhl,," :-; [IIIJC, illitl :ll.>Ollt lirt,t'efl milcs alJ o n~ Lilt.! hat s pring.i . It \\',,~ hnilt uy lIIilH'I'S ill thc S II III mel' uf I :i ifl, to ;H~Clll1llll(),lah' t hc a s tam · 1w tl€!" th:lt set ill t o\\' :tnl thc Clal'k' :i Ful'l~ "di;..:-:;illg-.i." '1'11 \· ri\'t'1' i~ uere ~no feet \'ritll' , :1.11t1 11 .1\\" ::; with grc ,lt ("o rce :uill rallil1ity Ill't,\T'(!l'U perpendi cular waIL ....

No, 23:J, TOW r.R FALU:;, IIcal" "il~\\ 1'1'0111 lI ear l>a se. ' :::'; 0, ~JJ. '1'OWI-: lt F ,\.LLS, tli stilul ,-ic\'i frolll :than!,

Fifty lIIi1es al>o \-e Duteh-r's \'i6 rt!ach til t! dee p, wild , rOTU :l II tic gorgl! throllgh whieh tlow ::; 'rO\'iCl' Crl!e lc. It rbes "i .~· h up' ill the main (1i,hlc, hack of Mount 'VasldJul'II, anti 1I ,,\'i:,\ fill'

ahout tlm mil e:} thl'ou:;h gloolll.r c:liiutJ:i. A lHllit :! .IO y ard .... nho\-c irs eutmncc illto the Y~lIo\\" :; tt)lIc th e S t\'~';llIl IHl !11'.'"

o\'er an uhrul)t descent of l :;G fe e t. Th o fall :) are alhHtt ::!l.i :J feet auo\'c the II!'iel 01' tilt Y~llo\\'$ tol1 o at t.h e. iullt:lioll, all,l nre slIrroullllel1 by COll1l11ll ~ of \·olc.lllic bl'cl!l: i:t, Xu.; , ::!J'J, ~::Hi, and :137, ri sing t'roin;)O to IUU rel' t aiJu ,-c tile f.llls, :\1111 extl'lllling lluWIJ to it s fu ot,' like gloolll .r $cntiltl'l:; III ' gig;ttltic pilial'!-> at the (lntranct! to €'OIllC gra tHl tClllpl<.> . Thc.\' fU1"l1l tbe lJIos; t cOIl 5\ picuol1 ~ I'e:ltnrt.! ill the scenery, Hud s ilciges t tile 11:1111(> g-in~n to Cl'cl!k aud rall s.

No. 23S. COLl; :UN HOCI\:$, 'Ofl the ea s t bank of till! Yelio\\ ,g tntll' , a. short di stance bl' luw Ihe mouth of Tuwl'l' Crec k, rOl'lIIitl .!.! (Ille. s ide of a· det!p. Ilarrow C:liiull. 'rhe walls lire ahoHt (iUtl fl'ct in IH'i~ltt, :11111 base t ~'iO rows of ua~ :llti l: I:OIl1TIIII S, (':II:h nile ur which is nhont twellty-fhe fl' (, t ill Itl'i~ht :11111 c:tdl COlUHl1i fi\"{~ [('(It ill diameter, lJt!twecll thc$1.! t\\"o Ia.rcr~ , which :lrc :.!u."\ ft>ct npart, are bells that s~e!l1 to ha\'c:\ lal'g l.~ :IIII1HI1tt or SlIll'liul' ili their cOlllp o~ itiull, from their brig-ht ydl Ll w colur_

TIm aRE..lT FALLS OF TnE YELI.O"'S1·0~E,

Sixtl?(lll lIIill's b('low Yl' llnw:; tnnc Lill.: ,', :111(1 at tli e II1'ad of the Grall(l Caiioll,am tht! F,llIsof the Ye llt)w ~ I(Jllt' l (hI.! l~ l'l'l· r

GIt"~O (;.\:'\IIX OF Tltt-: Y£I . I.OW .sTU:S~:.

I /

187l SERIES, 21

nrul r..o\~er. The hfO fall~ nre not more tlllHI n qn:lt't~r or-a mile apal't. .Aum·e, th~ rin'r tl()\\'~ through a ~ras;o;.f IIlt'atlo\\'· IiIm ";lll~)', "'ith a (':Ilm, sh.':uly ('tIl'rent, uutil within nbout Imll' a mile of the UpPl'r F'IIl:;, when tho mpi,l~ cnlllmencu IIHI'r.riu~ the \\'nter~ 011 between low but Iml'mw :ulll pl'ccilti. tUllli wall:; of mHSl\it'e tm:olalt, wlum tilt'S litt'rally :-;ilnot ont throu~h l\ nnrrow cOlltrnctetl g(tl'~~ O\'l'r a )lI't'cipit'l~ l-lc) feet, ,,"cl, sh'ikillg a slnnting ~lwlf helow~ ricochd oll' illto the basin, a l1UISS of ~no\f,\\"hih~ it)!"". 'rh~ l'h'el' then sprcncl:; ont o\'er l\ whle, gcntly,tlc:o;cclleling betl of l'ock, with \\'l\I1~ fmlll ~(JO to -lno ft!~t in h~i~ht, ulltil it rClu:lll':t till! lnillk of th~ Luwer Fu.Il~, \Vh~ll the stl'enm i~ contl'ndetl to a witlth of

·IUO f~(!t,nllcl th~u phlU:!t!~ o\'er the lu'ecipit:e a soliel, unuroken mnss, 'lllliult 3!)1 feet into the spruy·tillcd chn~lU, t'lIlin~llt!tl with rninbows, and glittt!ring like n sbowcl' of t1ialUollcl~. The ,rulls of the caiion ililluediutt'ly nbo\'e the I.o\\"~r F'llI:l arc nbout 400 teet in beight, or a totnl depth to tba bottom of the fnlls of about SUO ftlPt, nUtI upon ench ~ide ure perfectly llOrizuntul for lIt~arl.f the wbule height.

No. 230. TIlE LOWER FALLS. ,:\. nenr "ie\f, not tilr from the bottom of the tuiioll, nml about SUO ynt'ds below the fall~.

No. 240. TnE LowEn FALLS, Distnnt \'iew from fUl'ther dowu the cniion. Nos. :!U, 2!:t TUE LOWER li'ALLS .. A. ,'iew from tbe ti>l) of the cUiinu,

we~t side, ona mile below the full~, and shO\rillg the cufion fUl' that dh;tullce.

~o. 2-13. TOE LOWER Ii'ALLS. Vipw from the ellst sitle of the cniinn. :S0.2·H. UllPElt L'ALLS, frow the top of the cauoll, jll~t nbo\"'e the Lower

Palls, ~()S. 2-l5,2·U;' UPPER FALLS, nenr t'iew from the east side of the caliou. No. 2-17. UI'PElt FALLS, near \"iu\V t1'OUl the \\"t!st side.

TUE GRAND CA~O~.

Ahove tlte fnlls, the rit"er flO\ving over hard, COIUI):lct, iron. likc b .. ~alt, JlIal~es bllt littlu ill~pfl'ssiun upon it, but nfter it~ Icmp it Im~ dift'ereut mnterilll to cleml \rith. Instead of Ilnyit·)cl· ing rm:k tlwrc is a \"lIst dl'po~it of sl)ft, \'olcllllic n~h, with banltr seams amI tlike·1ikt! el'uptions of brt'c"hl nlltl basalt. .Agc~ ngo thi~ \",hule region was the basin of nn illllllt!nse lake. 'I'lIl'n it became tbe c~lIh'r of "olclLnic ncth'it,\'; \'ast qUlintitit·s of lanL were eUll'timl, which, cooling' ill the wat~l', took tltt! form of !Insult. YullilUcs of "olcanic u~h anel rock fhlgIIU~lItS were thl'own Ollt from the cratm's, fl'olD riallu to time, furming bl'cccia ns tbey ~lInk through the ,Yatcr llnclmingled with the deposits from the HiliceOll:f springs. On'l' thi~ wei's spl'~atl the Illt~r c1~po~its t'1'01ll ths waters of the oltl lake.

III time the country Wl\!\ ~dC)\\'ly ele\'utetl, nlltl the lalie \\"~lS dmillctl away. The easily erOllecl bl'ecch, nltmg the l'in!l" channel 'filS cnt deel)l"r nUtl dCt!pel' ns nges )l:l:l!ietl, wbile ~prings nllll crCt~I;::\ unci the ii111iug rnin coml>illt!tl to can'e the !liti('s ot' the caiiol! into the t'UlJt1\~tic f0l'l119 they now presellt, by \renring away the sClft~r l'OCIt llHtllel\\'iug the hnl'll bal'\alt nnel the firmer hot,spring del)Ositii ~tclnllillg in mnssh'e CUhllDlI~ nUll guthic [)iftl1ncl~!i, The l>a~i~ nmtt!I'ial of the olel lwt·spring deposits ill SiliCll, ol'ig'inally whito as 8111)\'f, hilt !Jon- !Staiued uS miueral wuters with tn'el'y sluult! of I'Cll. null

28 ISil RERIES.

)'~lIo,,', frolll scnl'let to ro~~·color, il'om lll'i:!ht snlphlll' to the claintie$t tint of .I~l'eell. "·hen the light falls fa\'omhly upon tlwsc lJlp.lltl~cl tlllt~, the Ol'Uond Caiicm l)l'l\s('nt~ u mOl'C ('n. chunting nlHl bewiltlel'ing \"'urictr of fOl'ms ancl colOl':i than hUlUan urti:5ts e\'E!t' cOllc~i\'ec1, '1 'lao el'osion \\"a~ pmctically nrr~st(\cl Itt the HPPel' el1l1 or the caiion h~' a ~u,Mell tl'nn!'ij, tion from the sOrtCI' bl'eccin. to hard bnsalt, nllli the fillls \Tere

, thc result. Nos. 248,249. GRAXD CAXO~, looking tIown fl'OW o\'cr tba LO\fer F.llls'

\r~st side. . , Nos. ~5(), 2,11. GRAXD CA:XON from the ~nst bnnlt. No. ~j:t GltAxD U.Axo~. 'Vest side, one mile belo\V the r"ns r looking

down. No; 253. G UAXD C,\~O~ from the enst side, olle mile below the f .. lIs

looldng tlowli. ' No. 2j-l. TIlI~ WALLS OF TIlE CANml, ns seen fl'om belo,,". Nos. :!55, ~.j(J. CnYS1'AI. FALLS. Cascacle Cl'et.!k is n. smnn h'iblltnr.r of

the YeJlo\fstoll~. cuttiug its wn)' tbl'ongh a d~ep caiion of ~olcnllic ash nllti basnlt, nlUl jll~t heful'c its uniou whit the y l'lIo\\"stoll~ flows O\'t'r :L sel'ie:\ of leclgt,~, making l\ cascacle n~ benutiful ns its lll'e\'i(}n~ cOlII'se has bt!t!1l wt!il'cl allclllg-h·. There is first a ran of 6\'e ft-ct, alltl another or flfcPl'n; then it slu'entls out O\'or the rock~ dowu nu abrltllt dcsceut ot' (lighty,foUl' feet.

Nos. 257-2jU, n.\PIDS AHOVE 'l'IIE UPPRR FALLS of tllC Yellowstone. The fil'St \"it!w is immediately nbo\'e tbe falls. ~hCJ\ring the

nnrrow rock,l>onncl chaunel, the oth(~r two a qnal'tel' of ct· mile tilrtht>r UI) the stream, nnd sho\'fing tha hnge" c1ctneht"el IIHUISt'S of l>asalt that havu bt!eo lett staueling ill tilt! lUitltll~ of thu rit'er.

No. 200. SULPlIUR SPRIXG. At Crnter llills, tell miles nuot"e the falls, . 011 the enst side of the Yello\l'stoue, in tlfe cent~I' of U Ulost

interesting gl'Onp of hot springs, is n. mnguifict'llt snlphur f:JH'ing. The depo~its arolUltl it are silica nUtI P-lIi\wp.1 like th~ finest porcelain. The thin edges of the l)(>nl'l)" cir, CHilli' rim ext~lId over the \\"llters of the \)asin sC\'el'al feet. th~ open portion bt'illg fifteen f~et in dia.llleter. The water i:; in n. constant statu of ngitation, nnd seems to nO'cct the ~lltire IIlns~, carl',ring iii up hlllmlsively· to n hei· .. ht nf toul' or th'e fl~et. 'rhu decoratiolls' uholtt the spring, thu bc.>nntifnl scalloping around tha l'im, Ulltl tl16 iUllcr nnil outer slll'fac.~, Co\'cI'e<l with n. sort of pcnd,like bend,\\'ol'k, gi\'c it gl'eat h~nuty.

No. ~01. MUD SP1UXOS, nt Ornter Hills, noar tlto Siliphur Spring. . ,'file contents ot' t1Ji~ spl'hlg' is n fine, siliceoll~, lWiu'l,culOl'ecl

lUtHI, of thn consistencl' of thick, hastY·Jlutldillg. 'l'he ~Ul', fnct! is co,·ert'cl nil over witb )lntl~ of lUtHI, which, us thc'" hnr~t, gh'e. oil' a thlUl·like Doise, nllli thell the paint,like licJllici r(>ct!elt·s ft'olll tho center of the putt's ill thl' most Pt!I', fect. sel'it's of l'ings to the :-;Iclo. Th(\ explo:o:ioll i~ IU'Ullm'l'cl by tht~ esrul16 of ~ull)hul'l~tetl hytlr;ogen,gas thruu~h thl~ 1U1U1.

No. ~(j2, 'rlll~ GIUll· ... 0 SPIUXG. About t\ro lIIi1c~ nhu\'u lhc' C .... h·l· 11 ill~, on the \\'t!st sitlo uf tho Yel1()w~tUlH', .A e~lIll11l1n of Meum isstlillg from n C:\\'6 on the ~ich\ of tim hill, Wilh 1111 (,.,l,"ing of about 'h'e 1h't ill diallll'lt'I', l'l'ilclily lucatl's it:o; l)()~itif)n. '1'110 l'Onring of the'wnler:) ill the Ciln', Hlul thl~ lIoisc of thc \\'a\'c~ n~ they slll'ge ,\p to tlle uWllth of the

I

,I I:

i I i ! i I

Ii I'

I "

CI:YHAL F .lI,!.!. C .\sC.\n~: ('Ia:u.::

", "

la:-I SERIES. 2D

npl'uin::. ore like Uillt of llio ltiHows lashing lh~ !>(';'1-s! lore. The \\'alt!r i.:i a~ ell'ar a~ crystal, atilt the stea m frJIII it i!3 so IUlt. that it is Dilly when a uret.>1-c waftd it tl8idc fur a 1II01JICllt Ihat u lle Cilll \'c/lture to take n look iuto the opl'lIing.

No. ~fI;1. Cn.ATEIt OF TilE ;\ Iuo GEYSEn. No. ~ij -" i'll:O UI·:rSElt IN ,\GTWN. " 'l'Lw only trne IlllUl gf.lSPf di 5CO \"

e l ·~ t11 ei:;ht lIIill'~ ueluw Yellowstone Lal.:c. It has 11 fUlllu! l. shape.! orifice in tll e ceuttf o r (\ ba~ilt JilU f,,'e t ill diameter, Hilt! in which there nre two vlb ... r hut lIIud spring:-(,

Till' nO lv of the gcs::::er i~ l'I'SlIlarly erer,)" ::>ix hOllr~. tltfl {'rnptiulls lasting' aLJollt tiftccil millutes. Tho thick, IIIIHhl,Y Watrr ri!'e~ gradually ill tb e craler, cOlllmenciug to htlil \filcn nhollt half wa,r to the slIrl'iwc, ilnd occa~iuuall." ltl't:aldllg forth "ith grt~; ,t dolence. When the cratl'r id fillctl it i:i I'xpl'.lIed frum it ill a spla s llill/;', scattered Illi188, tl ~ !] fed in diaml' tc r, to forty f'ct:'t ill heigllt. The Ulud i ~ a dill'k leall . color, nnu ucpo8itij itsdf tlJickly all nuollt the rim of the cratt>t'. ,

No.2(i,}. A ;lIeD SPlUl\C'r Oil the oppo~ite s ide of the rhcr, flllU of the, s ilme nntlln.- as No. :.?Ol.

No, 266, YELLO\\'STO~E H1VEH whero it I t'il\'e~ th£': lakp, lookillg' dowu frolll the ~i llll(\ !'; tand ' poill t ns the fu lluwillg',

Nos, 2G7,2fio3, 1ELLOWSl'ON'E L:\J\:B, loukiug' ~O llt1.J from wlirfC the rin"r ICil"l'ij it, :Inti 5ho\\'illg' til e laq!'el' portioll, or the bOfly of thc Inke. It is SUl lie t"'l'lItS·two Illil~s loug, frulll nOl'lh lo sou th, nlltl abuut ten to tiftt' c il miles ill w itlth from Clist to \\'t!!';t, witli un elenl tion or I,.!:!; I't!et abo\'c titie·wntel'.

111 s liape it is nptl.r compared to the lItlUHtII hallll j tho 11 0rt iu,'f11 portion '''onld cOll:-itittlte the palm, whill~ the ~u llth, ern il r lll ~ ruik!ht rt'Pl'l'SClit t1u5 fillger:o:. Cardtl l ~ (Jlllltlil1g'~ ga\'c tilt' grrlllc:,t tll'plll at 3011 fet'l. Wht'll ('allll, thu w:ttl'r::; I'etiect Ihe ~ k.r ill the lIlos t (]plicale antI bcautiful lIitralililrillo 11lll':i, unt whcll !itOI'lIl.r, mal la::; l.ietl uj' the ::; tl'OlIj:!' willti:i of liti s higlJ nititutle, it re :o;c luult'!'t in it, \\hill\,ca l'l'l'll un.:al':l'!',i

.:1Iul hc,\\' 'y I'Ollilig ::; tll-(' ~ollle uf our larger iu1cuHI ~Cil.'-I. 1'110 luke i::; p ll'lltifully s tocked with ~nlllloll,trollt, their IltllIlUerd urill'; 1Il1uo!-: t i IIcl'C'lli hie, nlltl nn:' l'agillg two potllld:; ill \1'l'igbt:.

};'o, ~GS, FlI~~n' ('.DIP OF TIlB Sl:n.n::\·, UPOII tlte ~ "OI'C of trio lala', a~ tiJe mOllll, of Dl'illgo Creek, l.l UU jU.:5t oppu:::iite Ste\'ClI:::iou'~ l $lanll .•

Xos, 2GfI-~;~. ClDIP OF TIlE SUH\"'EY Hllt1 of their t'l::Jcort., 111'0'11 tbe largo S'o ltth\\, ('~ t anll of tlia !;Ike.

Xo, ~;3. TUE Ai.'\:iA, thc 111'st boat c\'er Inuuchell upon the I"I.: e, Its frame-work W:1S brought lip from FUl't Blli:1 aud tUl!li }lilt tOg'et ll el', and co\'t~retl 'ilith tar'SI);lI.ell CH I1\'US, A tCllt ,ll y IIlatle tlJc sa il. In it two atl "eutnro1l8 lIIelllht!(' .:5 of Ihe Stlr\'er "j:.:it('tl C"Cl'y firm nllt! 1I00k of the lakl', nlill llI'illl\! nil tile SOlilltlillgs. It i~ so ll illllt~ ,l ill CtHtlplilll(,lIt tu ')li!i:i All ll i!. Uaw{'s, it tiang-hter of the di !i tingni:;,hell s tatl'~ lUilll ",hogo generous sY llIpathy null aid lJa\'c dune so mueh to\nlnl seelll'jug' tIJ C:iC res ult :;.

Xu, ~j4, ,\ \'l EW ALO"C'r 'fUE !)OliTHWESt' AR)[ at<; TITE LAIi:E, look ing IIMtll 1'1")111 tllp. call1p. The ::l hOJ'll i!i ton're,l to a t!oll :::i itll'I';t, lJ'\~ thicl~ IIt,~; willi the tli :si lltegrntl'11 :si lica dl'po.s itetl 'rtlill the flowing hot ,:.;p1'illg~, 50 111i1t ill walld ll ::! o\'l.~r it , it ~CCIIIS like t l'l'lHl ill,!! 011 the brokcn fl';lg-rucllt:; of w·".slJeu .sllcll.s alollg tb~ ~ca,:::IJU I't'.

30 le7l SERIES.

No. 275 .. A nOT SPRING cONE, ... ntil'e1ssnrl'onmledby thtl clearcoltl water of the lal\:('. III the C(lut(.>l' i:; the ~pring of boiling ~atC.·I·, Olle m:ly stand on it, ext(llHi his rocl iuto the hal"e, catch tho , tl'out, unci cook them in the boiling R)Jrillg, withont l'eIllO\'- ' iug thl~m frulll the hook. It is six: feet in dialllctel' nt tho. I "':ltN"S edge.

No.2iO, A C;UOUl' OF nOl',SPRING nASINS in the stlme ,·idnit~. 'fhC!ir ,: great beauts lies nhn()~t wholl,v ill the exqnh;ite C~)I01' they t,oS~ess, nfl(I of which no pen call cun"cy nn :lllelfnatu idca.

No. 277, 1\IUD l'tlFFS. A thick boiling and 1mbhlillg lUnss of l't!dcli~h ~ IIIlH1. 'flae:-;c Illtul spril1~~ lie nil abont the call1p, (~oS, ~(jd!!;~,) amI tlwir con~tant thlld is heard night nllli da~', as the hot steum t\tl'lIJrgles up from belo~, nIHI, eXl'lotliug', ~cattc .. ~ the nl\lll in e\"'el',Y diredioll.

Nos. 2i8-~::;~. y}t;LLOWS'1'O~E LAKE, a bil'll's,ere panoramic ,'ic\\"" in tln~ ~ectioll$, taken from the lJigh lJiJI~ 011 the C!a8t ~hle of tho sontlu·ast arm, ut>ur where the Uppcr Yel1owstol)l' l>mpties into the lal~l'. 'fhe first "ie\\'" loolu; south, Ulul shl)ws the high rall~t~ that ~('parat<'R the wnlel's of the Yt'llowstOllf fWIIl thuse of Wintl Uin~r .. 'l'he sl'conti ,·ic\\'· iuclnclcs the l;)lper Yclluw$tone anci the b~lr in which it emptit.'~. '1'he thirel nml fuurth nre looking ea::;t nnd Jlortheasterly acro~s thl~ ~ot1tlJcru nrllls of the Ink(' Hlad Pl'omontory ~oillt to the distant IUOUutnins 011 the fartl\l'l' side, No. 5t ur the III~t of the HI.·ries, is IL \'i~w suuth, Jl~lst ProlUontory Poillt, into tho large °11 ... 11 space of the h,l,e, where it flull'S a wuy into the horizun.

Nos. 283, 28-1. l\IOU~TS UOA.NE AND S'l'EVI·~NSO~. '1'ho first 10,118 feet nbm'e the sen, and the othel' but a few feet lowel', situatell Rome six or eight miles east of the soutiJeast IIrlU ot" the lukf. 'rhe~' nrc the fragments of the rim of nil iUllneuse crater.

Nos. 285, 286,287. VIEWS LOOIn~G UP 'l'UE SOUTHEAST AIDI, with Pl'OllIontory Puint in the ceuter, the wutfrs of the bny extending i'Ul' uwuy·iuto the distnuce. In the fOr(lgroliUlI 011

the left the basalts are sho\~n, espe(~iany in No, 2Si, where dctnched mas~es of br()ccht. exteml out iuto the lati.l~.

No. 288. EAltl'UQUA.ILE OA)[P, near St(lamy Point, enst side 'of Yellowst()n~ Lnl,e, so nume,l from se,'ernl slight shnclis of earthquake which were eXI,erieliceu at this place ou the uight of the 10th of August, 1871.

No. 289. ;\lARr's H.1Y, east shoro of Yellowst.onc Lake, sbo~ing one of 'the uumerous bl~autifnl Clln'(lS (as perfeC£ as if dl'awu by tht1 luuul of ul'l) of the Rilol'e·line.

No. 290. Sl'~A:\JY POYN'r, east shore of the lak<" near its outlet. Numcrous srenm,,'cllts nbomul here, which are in opl'rnticm COIlt:=tantl)-, senclillg oll'stei\U1 with a noise like that of th~ c:5cul'epipe of n. stenmllOat,

No. 291. PELICAN'S nOnSl', n ... ar Steamy Point. A c1ehwhe(l mass of the hot sprillg deposit, which has b~en cut' oft' fl'om the maiuluud by the action of the \\'a,'es, aUlllcft in the lake one hUIldred feet from the shol'''.

~o. 292. S)(,\LL SOUTU\VESTEUN A.R)( OF TIlE LAKE, at the Coot of It'lat !\Ioulltnin.

No. 203. 'l'nE HIDDEN L.1Ii:E, ,~ithin a quarter of a mile of YcllO\\'stoue Lali(l, aud u('ur the Cllll1(l iu No.2GU. It is abont a lIIi1l~ inll'nglb, (> .. tin,ly hidden amollg the den$e llille~, and might casily escn l)e nutice.

.. _ "' •. ::':" ___ ._ ... _ :.0 :~_ ..... --:

lail SERtES, 31

TilE CPl'Elt c;E\'~EIt IJASIX.

On 1;'il'C IIult\ Uin',', a tl'ibuhu'S of, :\lHl sOllwtiuH'S calletl, the llaclisoll, "re the pl'illcip.,l of the rUIll~tl spulltillg' gt'y~Pl'~, Our tillie bcillg \'el'y limilCll inclcl,tI, Wt! II;' \'C nilly " I't!w \"it-wS uf the ('l'ater:\ of the IUO:tt uotell gl'YSl:r~. 10'01' u 1lI01'~ ,'xtrllllcll list, ~ee IS,:! sl'l'ie~.

No. 29t. Clu'n~1t 01-' '1'U1~ C.\.Sl'r.1·~ UBYSER. Ih'm'iug a strong resemltl:lIIce to nn oltl cllstlt.', but of the pm·cst. \\hito IIlUl'hlt!. 'l'hili \'iew, tuken frum the ~icle op(Ju:;itt' th~ l'i\'~I', shuw~ the lIU1ill l'()l'tion to be cOlllposNI of \'l'l'l' thill Ilullium of ~i1icil,

No. ~!!):;. UU,\'l'Elt 01,' C':\'Sl'LE Gln'SI::U, A "iew fl'lIlIl the I'in·r ~itle. 1I,'I'e we see the (It!cnliur crystalliz:ltiun of th~ silica in lat'go glolmlnr nll'S~~~, like spolIgiltH'1Il ct)ml~, alllll'uunilig oU'iuto the usual eX(lui:site bt.>atl,\\'OI'k to the hlluillutell ba:ie. 'fhe ('utire moullil is about fC)I'ty teet ill heig·ht. On the right, (:h~e to it~ bn::;~, is a sUlall ·but \'cry ucth'e "lItI tur\.mh.·ut little gel':5~r, prohably all otJ~hoot fWIll the greatcl' oue, In the celltt.>r ot' the "iew, nud the 1II0:;t t:lla'ildllg olUect in it, i~ the bl'antiful hot spring, with t!1~galltly,cnl'\'etl bonier and wntE'r of the clenr~~t turqllois blue. It is neal'ly circuhu', alJeJut t'reuty-ftfe feet in diumeter, ;lutl fuullel,sbul.t!tl, Im:;~, ialg down to n clt.'pth of sixty rt~et ill the ceuter. The wuter is of ulmost Ulluutural cleuruess, auti the n,ryiug depth gi\"t~~ a 1Il0~t beantihtl gradation of color. !t La~ u coustaut telU~ pel'lltm'e of 17~ degree:).

No. 206. CltA't'ER OF 'l.'UE OIAN1', 10catc(1 about a qunrter of Do mile below tbe Ca:stle. It is ubout tell feet ill diulIlt!tel' at its bU:s6 Uilil tWt!h'e in beigbt, with nn oritice of ubout tlnee feet ill diulUeter. It prlu~cts u COIUUlH of water to a height of from l!!ii to 1;iO feet, the el'ul'tiolls lasting abunt two hOUl':).

No. 201. CIU:l'I::R OF '1'111:: GR01'TO, :\ te\\' roels bdo\\' the Uiaut, uUtI enscollcl'c.l iu n gl'O\'e or trees. It dil1~rs l'~tel'llally frulJI all the uther cmll'r:o.', but, liko thelll, cOlIsi:;ts (If a IllU:;~ of ~ilil't!ou~ sillt('r, twt!h't! teet ill dialllt!tcr alltllh'e fect high, rull of Jaq;e sinUtHl~ orilice~, fl'olO which the wuter i~ prujt!cted dut'iug. au el'lll'tiuu. ,

No. 208. TilE Glt01'1'O l:i EltUPTlO:.'f, thl'Owing un iUltUen~e body of water, but IlOt more thun fUl'ty feet in heigllt. 'rh~ glcat nmollut 01 stcaUl gh'eu oU' UIUlUst entil'ely cuuceul!'J th~ jt!t~ of wilter.

No. 200. CA)IP Ul"O:.'f TIlE StnPUT OF 'l'nE DIYIDE, between the hentl of the Eu~t Fork lUlti the umiu Yellun':)tolle, by the 6ide of u little luke, ~,iiUU feet nbo\'e the stm.

No. 300. ANOl'IlER VIEW of the sUllie hlkt!., ~o. 301. TUE OUullE'fER, lUade by utlu(,'hiug a pair of shafts to the fore

wiJerlli of all uUlbllhmcl", to the ~lJol~es of which wel't! nltilche,t the illstrllllleut~ thut fl!cordt!tl tht!iI' I'c\'ulutiulIs, uUllllJt"as\ll'~ll the 8u1'faceof th~ ~Jtlutl,y O\'~l' which we pa~setl. 'l'h~se wen! tho tll'St wheel:) thut were efer t~,k~u iuto thi~ little,kuuw u region.

~o. 30~. OUlt llUXTERS, Jo::se ancI Joe Clurk, retul'IIillg' froan a successful bUilt, with pack,uuiuml hulen 'fith ell~'lJlent.

~o. 303. 1.'IIE UX1'l'ED ~l'.\.'l'ES G~OI.OGlC'\'L ~:;(:ltV£\", with pl\c1~,trnill, en "ollte upou the trail iJt!tweell th~ Y clluwstolle nud the l~a~t l"OI'k, sllOwiugthe mUUller ill which all pal'tie::l U'il\'el':;~ tht!se \filc.l~.

32 Ih71 SER 11::8.

~o. 30!. A~ ELK, OUI'IIS Oan(lllcll,'fi~. \T(!I')· nhnUllllnt nhont. the lal,p,' 'rhn OllC shown iu the dew is two ycurs old. with hol'uS still

. ill tltl' f('h'~t. Nos. 305, 30U,307. '!'Ug CONE OF AN EX'1"XC1' nOT SPRlXO OR GE\'frf;U

Ui.Ull the East ):'ol'k of tho Yl'lI()~"stn,lIe, ,A ,'cr)" cUI'inn~ lIIummirm'm lIlOUllll, of ubout fm'ty teet III hClght, bmlt lip by o\'el'lappiu CT Inyers liI~e the Call of Liherty, oU U'll'Ili1ll·l'·~ Uh'E'I'. 1'h~ material is l)l'inci(lnlly calcnreous. Xo w~,tt't' h:snes fa'OIll the cOlle at the l'l'e~l'"t time, aUtI IlOIlC of the sl'l'iugs in the immediate "icillity ure ubo\'e the on.liuol'y tem· IU!I'ntul'e of brook-wat~r.

No.3()S. POIN'!' 01-' ROCJ\S,Oll the llen\Pcr IJ~nc1 nil-crt 011 the line of th~ Og,I~1I alHl Heleua o\'t!l'lallt!,stag-e rond. The l'ocli~ :U'~ 1\ cUI'honifel'Ons limestol)(~, \\'ith n llil) of twentr'llll"t.'e 41t'gl't'l'S to the ~outheast. The HOl\"N' Hecut cuts u lIanow clJalllU.~1 through it. forming n small cniion.

No. 300. DE,\, VER, IIEAD }{OCKS, at thc mouth or the caiion uf the snmc 1I1l1l1E', looldllg dO\\11 tho caiion h'om altona. Tilt.> l'in'" "m'Cl'S irs~lf tlu'ongh a ll:1tTOW 1!nte\\'u)', 't"ith ,'ertical \\,illl~ of ,Im'k pnrl'lish bnsnlt. 'fhe rocl~s Oil ~ithE'r side l)l'e~l'llr the thrillS of nnimal:; cOllchant, which, in the illH1ginatioll of t hl~ I "dian:;, bl'm' It l'es~mblnnce to the lwan'r; htallCe the uallll', which is npltlied to the riYer ns ,,"cll ns the caiion.

No. 310. A IlIOIt BLUFF OF LD[F.S"'O~B, UpUIl the ',"est bank or the l'ifPr. No. 311. AN Ol:1'DURS'r OF IG~EOUS )1A.'l'Jo~UUL. about Un' llIill'~ nbO\'c

th(~ entrance to the caiion. It hus i'i'l'lulllcli thl! 1ll'nl'l,Y I~ul· llmUal' form of basalt, und is ",cnthe,'ctI iuto Sh'll'p pinuucic:I.

~o. 312. CAlU'AT Fon'!' HALL. (Sec No. 177.) No. 313. CA)IP, tweutr,th'o miles south of :Ful't 11all, at Tlan'e Silring!;, Xo.314:. SODA SPJn~GS O~ BEA.R RIVEtt. At the Big ll\.·n,l of BlOat·

, Hh't.'l' m'o locHted the most interesting grout' of :-;1II1a. ~IH'inJ!:\ Imo~'u on the contiuent, occllpying un urea of ahont ~ix s(Junre miles. The,· are no\," few ill llulIlbpr, alltl t'illlply till' r"lUnnuts of formei· 1!reutnes:;. Ou the OPl'(JSifl! sitll~ ot' tlw l'h'~l' iu the abo\·e· \'ie\v are the ste:lIn-\'ent~, to which 1;'1'':' mout go\"e the nnme of Steamhout Spl'illgS, fmlll the nui:,,' thpy make like a 10w')l .. eSSlll'eel~gil1p. Neill' hy is II. SIU'iug', with un orifice brightls stclilletl with lL hrillinllt ~'dlow COIl(·

iug of o~ide of iroll. 1'1'0111 which the \futer is thl'own U1) twu fh't b\'" a 8ucct'ssioll of impnlNt's.

No. 315. DOOPER.'S Sl'UI:-<m, or tht~ same nntill'e itS the others in the \'icinity t but Wit~l a ru~)l'e C0l'iuu~ e~c;,'pc of carbon ie,atilt, ~,a~, and is a tin'ol'lte With tho::;e seekmg these llCahh'glnug wntefS.

Nos. 310, 317. EXTINCT SODA-SPRING DASIN. Abont tlll'ec miles np tbe \'"nllE'Y of 1\ £:mnU triblltn,"Y of th~ ~ear Hh'el' we !:tlille to ;L most ft!IIIRrliable foranatlOll 7 COllslstlllg of thl~ b;l:'lUS of olel RPI'iugs long exthwt. '!'hey lire tmlletl thtl .. Pt~tl'itJ'ilig spI'hags" by the sett~rs, fl'on" the nbundallce ofe cillcltl'eOUli ttlfa \,"hicb cxists ill the bm;ins. Some of tlwlIl ... ·e six fel't ill <lel.tla, anti contnin I:~ .. go mn~~es of plauts coated,wi,th It. calcal'eons material, \flnch l'etulus perfectly the r01'1lI 01 the leuf nnd stem. .

Nos. 318, 319, 3~O. nEAR LAKE, about Imlf-wny between SOlla Sprin:;t:'; Ulul B"3l1sfnn t teo miles in length, nUtI fl'om (h'e to l'ight in breadth. 'l'he bouudufy,liue betwcell Idnho :n.1l1 1!tab passe:;

. -. : -.. -= :. -..

18i1 Sl-:RIES. 33

dia'ecth' :ltl'USS the lal~o froUl ca~t to west. It ili 1\ beautiful lak(', ~et lil\c nu ~lIlel'Uld muong the mOllntains, uUll not o\'eu the Yello\rstone pl'~l)ellts snch cX'lui:;ite colol"illg. The cle. ,'otion is 5,UlL feet.

~os. 3!!1, :J~:1. EVA~Sl'()N (:OAL·)II:iRS, about a mile frOID the town of the same name, on the Unioll 11nciOc Uuilrond. 1.'hese beds nre tbe largest nut! roost extensh'elj 'forked ill the "'est. The n~in is fmln twenty·two to t\\"euty,three feet in thickness, CrOP1)ing out frolU the side of the monntains, with l\ dill of h'n tlegl'ccs north of east.

~os. 323 to 3U .... I'Onl'llA.ITS A~D VIEWS of the habitatious of tho Imlillus, a d~SC1'il'tioll or which will be founel ill another portion of this catuloglle. .

Sl'EnEOSCOPIO VIEWS.

:No. 380. OGDEN CAXON. No. 381. OGDEN (JAXPN, near montb. No. 382. OGDEN (J,\.SON, near mouth. No. 383. OGDEN CAXCJN, llenr mouth. . :No. 384. (JAlIP ON \\r ARY·UREEK, benet of Cache Yulle.r. No. 385. PORI'NEUF CAXOX. ~o. 3SU. SNAIi:E UIVER DRIDGE. No. 38;. SNA.KE ItlYER DRIDGE.

I No.3SS. SNA.KE RIVER DRIDGE. ~ No. 3S0~ POT,HOLES I~ DASALTIO nOCKS • . j Nos. 300-304. 'VILD·OA'f CANOY, Mont.

:Xos.30J-3U1. DEVIL'S PASSWAY, l\[oll~. Xo.308. CA)IP O~ l'nE STINKING 'V A,1'ER.

, Xos.300-!01. HYDRAULIC' )UNING, nenr Yirginin City, lIollt. Xo.402. VIUNAlIEN SLUICING. Xo.403. "PANNING Olil'."

II X o. 404. "CRADLl~G." ,I Xo.40.1. )[.\.DlSO:-r nRIDGE. I xo~. 410-"'13. U.\XO~ SOU'l'a OF )[YSTIC IJ.\Kg.

II: Xo. 41·J.. TUE l'IISSlO::'of, 01' CI'OW ngency.

. Xo. 41;j. CAllP OF XEZ PERC.a;!INDIANS. Xos.4lG-US. LODGES OF XEZ PERO';: IND[A~S. •

I Xu. 410. YELLOWS1'OSE YALLEY, six miles abo\'o Hotelel"s. ~os. 4~0-.J:~~. VIEWS IN TilE LOWER CJ.XOX. Xo. "'23 •• \. S'UCOESSFt:L FISUEn:.uAN. XOg. "'24-429. DSVIL'S SLIDB, on Cinnabar l\[onlltnio. XO::J. "':lU,4:.H. LOWER. UASIXS, SOlIn Spl'ings, Om'diners Rh'er. Xos • .J;S:!-43 .... UPl'ER. BASI~S. Xu. ·':J.1. GEXERJ.L '"lEW of Upper Bn~in~, 011' Gnrdiner's Rif'er.

, Xu. ·tW. V.DIP OF LmER1T, ou Hardillt'l"s Uh·e~.

I ~n. ":.li. LOWER FALLS, all GUl'ltiuel"S I:h·el'.

'. Xu. -Ia:-;. COLl')r~ Uocm:s. XI)~ • .J:m, ·HO. TUE LOWEn FALLS OF TUE YELLOWSTONE.

I ~I), Ul. TilE LOWER FJ.LLS 010' TUE Y£LLOWSTO~E, east side. C

,! ~ ... ·U:!. 1'UE UPPEIt FALLS OF 'l'IIE YELLOWS'rO~E.

III \u. ·11:';' TUE t:PPER 'PALLS Ol~ 1'JlE YELLOWSTONE, distunt l"'icw.

~u. ·J·11. TIlE UPl'ER J'ALLS OF l'IIE YEI.LOWS1"O~l-~, nenr f'iew. II \,,=-'. ·11:;-· .... 7. ORA~D OAXO~ OF TIlE YELLOWSTO~E. . It . \"s. ·ll:;-l,;(),.GIU;XU O.\~ox OF TOE. YELLOWSTO~E, from oast shle. h \". ·1.11. Cla"S'l'.\L li'.\.LLS, Uascnde Creek • . , :; I' II

.i,

J87t SERIES.

N'os. 4,j~-.J.;J. U.\PJIlS AnoVB THE UPPER li'.\LLS. No.4;);;. MARY::; nAY, Yello\t'stoue Lal~e. No. 4;;0. SAUL·DOA'!' A~NA, 011 the Lakc. No. 457. SOUTUl~AST AR)I OF LA.KE, Nos. 4;;8, 45U. CASTLE GEYSElt, }i'h'e Role nh'cr. No.40(). HUNT OE\'S"~R, Ii'iJ'(\' Hole Uit"er. No. 4ftl. GnOT1'O GEYSER, Fire Uole Uh'er. No. 402. TUE OnO)IETEH. No. <:I 03. OUR. I1UNTEns. No. 4.6·1. UAJll' ny LAl~E l~ l'Jlg "-oon~. Nos. 4(i;;, 400. EXTINOl'. GE'YSEP., East FUl'l~. No. 407. AN ELIC. No. ~tGS. HEAYER. IIE.1D TIo(:Je. No.40U. I1EAVER. HEAD UA~O~. Nos. 470,47]. PAWNEE AGEXCY, ~f·br. No. 4.72. r A "NEE SCI100L·J[Ot~S1-~, N eur. No. 473. O:nAu.\ I~DIAN AGENCY. }\0.47-1. OlUnA. I~DUN VILLAGE. 1\os. 475-4';-;. O)IAII,\ INDIAN CUILDREN. .xo. 4i8. STANDI~G lI,\wIC AND SQUAW. No. 470. DLACJ\:umD IIILL, OlIAIIA. RESERVE. No~. 480, 481. HELENA, :i\[Ollt. Nos . .JS~, 483. llmD·l'AlL HOCK, Mont. Nos. 484, 48:;. U~IUN MILLS, Mont. Nos. 4.80, 4.87. MINING·FL1DIE, in l\Iontulla.

1872 ~ERIl!;S. Before the ,r1mle pnrty hn(l A'nthel,t'll together in the rendez~ous camp

nt Ogden, Utah, t\l"() sitle ,trips fot' \'i~ws \fere made uy tbe photogrnllhers-one nlong the Coot,lnlls of Colorntlo, ns (nr south n~ l'ilm's Peak, aud the other to Cottoll\Toorl Cuiion, soutb of Salt Lake City. Starting from Og-den the 2!tb of Jnue, \Te b:\\"e l"iews of tbe route tbrouuh l\Inlade Yalley, aud Portnellf Uuiion to Fort nail Idaho. The Gr:at Teton Range, near tbe head of Snake Uh-er, was r~ached in tbe latter part of July, nud worked up in c1etail (lnring a Iny,ol"cr of ten days.

The geyser baE;ins on the beall of t.he l\lndison· were reacherl l"in, Henry's ~ake and T.r~bee ~nss, n.n~l the resnlt of a week's sojourn is a large series of exc~ef1l11gly mterestlUg vie\vs of that renmrkable rerrion. The fn.lls, callon, and mammoth hot springs of the Yellowstone ~ere then re-l"isited for the purpose of edemling and perfeeU"rr our series. The graml and beautiful scenery of the Gallntill l\Iolllltl~ns and the 'Vest Gallatin Rh'er werA next workc(1 np, presentin a to tbe world for the Drst tiDie some of the finest aod most pictl1resque l"iews in tbe Rocky Mouotuios.

The work oC ~his. sca~on iucllllles tiJrt,V'·fi\"e 11 by 14 l"iews, the l"ery first plates of tbls size e\'er nmde in the Roclty Monutains one hundred anel ,.~i~t:y 8 by 10,.uncI olle h~ndrC(l and tort~"fh'e stereos~opic •

. "~ltb lmt ~ery fe\v eX4:epttons .the fu!lowmg, as . 11180 the l)receding '{ lell'S, are the first et"er made of t.he dln~rent subjects:

(Neg,ath'es 11 xli,)

No. 1. CA)IP OF THE UNITED. STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, at Ogden, Utah. (See No. 100.)

No.2. GROUP OF THE l\ml(DERS OF THE SURVEr at the camp nt Orrden No.3. CAlIP OF TUE SURVEY A1' FOI~'r HALL, Itlaho. (See No~.17i

and 31~.) .At this point the wngons and all el:tr3 barrp3rre were left beh hul, aDd tbe remniuder of the journey eff:ct~d ~ith pack,animals.

~C). 4. Oltour. fieadqunrters tent of the Snake Rh-er di\'ision No. 5. ~[ouN'r HA\"DJ~N, OR TilE GREA'r TEl'ON • .The highest '(leak ill

the Orent 1'eton rauge, nfar the hencIwntfr~ of Snako Ri\'cr amI lying npon !he uoundary bet\t'een Idaho and Wyoming~ It hns nn elerutlon of 13,S5~ feet abo\'e the sea about 6 OUO f~et abo\'e the cnlion shown in the \'ie\v at th~ foot oC'the peak, ~nd o\·er 7,OUO feet auo~e Jacksou's Luke, 'Thich stands under It on the opposite side. Our l"iew'is from the east looking directly west. .Although not the hin-best it is tb~ grnndest and most nlpine·like peak in tho "-:st. No others cnn shon" sneh ubrupt angles autl bol(1 outlines, wbere snoW' C\-Cll can ~est only in sl1Iall ]latches 011 the ledges. It gathers hon'e,'er, III great masses in the bottom of Ule grcnt caiion at our feet, ~,OUO feet below. So fnr ns Imo\l'lI, it \faS ilscendc(l rill' the first time hy Messl's. Stet"ensoll and Langford, on the ~!)th of .1111~·, lS7:!. .A full acconnt oC the eXIJloit occurs in

• r Scriunl~I'!N ~[onthly for J lIlle, 187:J. ~o, O. filE TUltEE TJ.;TONS, upright, including n, narrow ,angle of l"iew.

36 J~i2 SI~RIES.

No. 7. TI1I~ TrmEB TETO~~, oblong', illc1ndint! a witle nll~lc of ,"iaw. Views fr(lm 0110 of the summits of the lillll"stolle l'itlges

which 'C\I'III the tfe~lcf'Il fuot-hills of the Tcton mllge, nlul at nn elc,,"ntion of 11 ,;jUO feet. This is tho ut"crage lI~ight of tlle l'angt', onl)- the gratH.I penks ill tho distance rising aho,-o it. "·0 look clirectls ca!'t O\-cr It broncI. ~no\\-cot"el'ecl pin. tcnn four miles wide, Hluljust nt. thc fout of the 1'etous is tlle Gmucl Valiion, ~,OUO feet below the surfilce. ~o. 5 was mafIc froUl the othcr ~itle of the small but·te that lies·directh- uuder I he l\Jiddle T~ton. "

Nos. S, !l. l'..\NORA)llC YIEW J~ TIn: TE1'ON J:AXGB, looking ca~t and sonth, inclucliug n. "iew nf uuont 1!!0 degree~. ~o. 8 is the sam-e ns Xo.7: No. 91ookssOUlh o'-er t.he Wcst Teton niver, :mcl 111) its right-haud fork. Ou tho riAbt-haml side of the canun is :In expof;ure of o,cr ~,OOO fect of limeston(', ,cry

- lJearly Ilel'pelldi<:nlar. The distance rolls awns into tlle lJel" pehmll~' ~1I0W-(~0,-er(>d Illntean of the Summit range.

Nos. 10, 11. CAllI' AT TIlE l~OOl' OF TUE TnRF.E 'IETOi\S, in the Teton Dasin, ntHI h'n mill>s in a direct line f,-oll1 them. Elct";\tioll

, of camp, G,(i-W teet. l'Ionut Iln~-deu, the higbest Teton, rh;. ~ lug 7,11;; feet abo\'c it. .

~o. 1!? <Jnot"P OF ALL 'rUE ~n:)IDERS OF TIlE UNITED STATES GEOLO(HCAL st'JtVC\". A ~imultaneotts mel'till~ of 'nll of the diyisions 011 the 15th of ,Angnst, includillg FixtS·t,\fO persons in nil.

No. 13. Url'EIt FIRl::·HoLE D'\SI~, from tlle crater of Old l"~ithful, n. geueral view, looldu~ dowlI. III the middle distance is the Urand Gl'yser in ernptiolJ, aud nt the left is the ensUe. "'ilhi,, the ~c0l'e of this "icw nre all of Ule largest nnd most acti\-e l!eyscrs. (See No. 430, page 43.)

No. 1.J. CnATER ()F THE C~\STLE GEYSER nud tlle Beautifllillot Spring. Upon the west ~ide nnel mid wny in tlle Uppel' Basin. A cas· tle·liI,e fOt"m, built n., to n lIeight of forty reet by the dl"po~i. tion of the silica belel in t:olntion in the hot wnters of the gl'yser. The eruptions nl-e of long duratiou, lasting sometimes two ntH} thl'ee hotll'l:l, attniuing n. beigllt of one IJUudrcd to oue hunflre(} nml Bft.y feet.

Tbe circular bot slu-iug in the for~grollnd is about twenty· fit"e feet ill c.1inmeter. fnuuel-shaped to n. depth of forty teet, '''ith 0: beautifullY-fcnllop('(l border, olle foot in height, and mo~t delicately tilltelt iUI'ell amI )"ellO\\", upon a wbite gl'ouud. The "-ater is of n mo~t pcrfect certll~nn blue, sha(ted from nn almost black cellter to Jig-bIer nlld more delicate hues in tho more shallow f.ortiolls. (See No. 205, page 31.)

~o. 15. CnAl'Elt OF TilE GROTTO GEYSEIt, situated n~nr the Im-rcl' end of the' Upper Husin. An itl'Pgnlar monnd, full of l'iIlHOl1S ol'ilic('s, from \"bicll the water iN pl'(~iecte'l in nil tlin'ctioll:i ,lm-iug c~ .. n(ltions. 'file cI'upti\HlR nre (Inite uumCl'Ott~~ ~oiug otl' UI'al'ly c\"cry tbree hours. ('uch one Ins:ing about flftecil miuutes. (See al~o :XOf:. ~U7 anti ~O::;, p.\ge 31.)

~o. 16. CnAl'};U. OF 1'IIE AnCIII.TI';C1TUAL GE\'8Jo~n, ill flu.' .Luw('r Ha~ill, ~hO\fiug the ccntml I,ortiHIl olll~-, of a totnl wiell h of :Ihont sixty ft·et. The cit'('nlnl' Ol-ilice .-1'0111 wbich the gP~-Se1' issnc's is a\lout t\r('h-e feet ill cliilllH.'tl~". It i!; C!OIll'f;IIIII~- boiliug. "itb iaTl·glllar l'el"iot1~ of .. ·mpti.,", thro\rill~ to n. .height (If olle hundred fe~t.

9nF.AT Ji'.U.I-CJ oir Till!: YKLI.O\vSTONR.

37

:Xo. 17. TilE UPPEU Ii'ALLS OF 1'U& Yl::LLOWSTO~E, ouo ~lUlf mile a\)o,-e' tbo Lower ll'all~, nlltl photogl'althecl frolU n. pOint lIen1'l,r o~er it, nt n hl'ig-ht or -10t) teet abo\'o the l'i\'er. lll'ight, 110 feet. (!:lee No. 24:;, }lnge ~;.) _ . ,

~o. IS, 1.'IIE J.lOWEC l!\\LLS OF TllE YBLLOWS'l'ONF., 39, feet III helgbt; width of rh-el' at the brhik, ltIU fCl~t. l)hotogrnphell frolll n. point one-follrth of n. mile below the fa!ls, :lntl300 feet abo\'e. tho bottom of the caiion. The Ju-rpemhcul:u' walls ahont tho fetUS furm tbo "pper «.'Ull of tho Gnuul Calion. (See No. ~39,

, 1Sn scri(>~,) , , ~o 19 TilE IJOWER FALLS OF 'lInE Y~~LLOWSl'ONE. DI:;tnut,\",lew~ fl'om ... ., the t0l» of the cniiou, bl'in:.ting ill the bl'illinlltl,V color~ll and

castellated \vulls of the caiioll. (See No. 2"2, IS71.seL'l~S,) No, 20. 'rnE Glt.1.~D CANON OF TilE YELLO~VS'fO~E, from n.ll~tnt ~hrect

Ir o".cr t.he Lower ~'al1s nmllookmg down, At tins pomt the caiiou has nil u\"ernge depth of nbol1t 1,500 feet, nml of about the snme \vic.1th at the snrfhce, '1'he \-iew e":,brnces nearly

. one mile of it~ length. (Sce No. 2-18, 1811 serIes.) , , No, 21. 'l'IlE GUAND OANON, Sl\lue ali nbo\"e,.but, the shnpc of ,the Ylc~ IS

oblong insteall of upright, elUln'aC!lDg a very httle Wider, angle of \"iew. , ,

No, 22. TnE GRA.~D OA~O~OF TUE YELLOWSTONE, from l\ pOint one mile belo\v the falls. The \\'alls nre lUnch more nbl'ullt antI the cnfion ijUO f~et deeper thau the l~recelling.

~o. 23. TOWER F..u.LS, on Tower Creek, n. smull tributar~of the Yellowstone fiftcen miles below the falls nOll nbont ,,00 yards abo\'e tho j~nctiou of the streams, '!'hey nre 132 teet in beight, emer1rinrr froUl betwe~n gl'eat to\\'er~ of closely"cementell breccia that extend far up its cafion towarcl its source in

. l\IOUDt \Vashblll'n. (See 'No, ~3'3, 1871 sCl'ies,) ~os. 2-1, 25, ~O, 27, TUE 1'ERRACES A:"D DASINS OF, 1'H~ )[A.)[)(oTII ~OT

SPRINGS on Oardiner's Uh'el'. The ftr:st IS a. profile new from bel~w, the next two lJinl's,e~'e \"ie\\'~ froUl abo\-e, nmi the lust tl IIIOI'e extended \"ie\\". of uno of th~ slopes, ~hese springs CO\"t~I' an tlrC1\ of about fOllr s(lnnre mlle~, ou the 1'Igl~t-, hnlld side of Gal'dinel"~ Uil'cr, some three IIllles nbo\'e ~ts junctioll with the Yellowstone, '1'ho ten~l~el'{tln~e of the pl'lnciplll springs ,-aries from l~()O to the b01hllg'polUt, llud they hold ill solution a hu'ge nmollllt of calcareolls muttl'r~ which hns lJl'ell depo::;itell to n depth of lllUUY hllllllretl feet. Upon the :;Io[>es the <lepo::;it. tal\l'~ the f~l'lD ot: beal1til'ull~--scullopetl lmsins filletl with wnter of yurYllIg teUillelntnm, nccordin rr to their remotenC$:i from theil' sonrce. '1'ho oxi· dation of the Ulillernl sllb:;hlllces containcd in the water has stainell the lJa:-;ills to e,'ery conceifable ~hu(le of I't!cl nUll yellow fOl"llling rich contrn:;ts to the \"i\'hl grccns nUll lJlues of the '\\,n t«.' 1'9, (See :XO~. ~15 to t~J, 1811 sm'ies,)

Xo. ~S, 'l'uB C,\P OI~ LIUEC1'\", i\IawlUoth Hot ~jpl'illgS, ,A c:llcareollS monllll lorty-fh'o feet in Ilf.'ight, from the n}l~x o( whIch ~t oue time i~sl1el1 n. hot ~p1'ing, builtHn", lll) nllli growing lllg~er, until filially it (:Iosecl it~n'lt' up allll dicel out, thl'l'~ not lJe~Dg slltli(~ient furce to impel the wah'i' to n greatcl' height, (See Xo, ~~'i, 18il sel'it-8,) , ,

Xns,29 39,31. TUE I~OWI~lt lELLows'roNE \" ALL~W, a piluo~anllc l'le\V' , 'luoldn.' south fnull tilt'! Fir:;t Oaiitm, 011 the left IS tbe 'Yel-

lo"':\to~e Suowy I'illlgt-, extcudiu;; to Bllligrallt Peak, tblrty

88 187t SEnIES.

mill'S nwn~"; tli(lll comes tlle broad Ilnrli,like \"uJlt>,r, six ruil('s wide by thirty lou~, thl'ol1~h the c~nter of which Oo\\'s tho Yellow~tono Uh'Cl'. (See :Xo. 200, IS71 sel'ies,)

No. 32, BRIDGER MOU~'J'AIN, Mour. Elenltion, 9,000 feet abo,'e the sea, and 4,000 feet abo\"e Fort Ellis, distaut some three miles sonth.

No, 33. NEEDLE ROCK in Bridger CUllon-southern base of Bridger ~Iountnin, A: dctached mass of beautifully-stl'atine,1 limc· stones, weath('re(l iuto a sharp pinnacle, risiug somo t\\·o hun·' dre<l feet above the bet! of the cl'eel,.

Nos. 3-1, 35. l\IYSTIC IJAILE, Mont. In the mountains about. the head of the East Gnllntill Uh-er, tweh'c wiles sonth or Fort Ellis. As it is well Rtocked with most excelleut trout, it is quite a pleasure-resort, despite the dillicuJties to eUColllltCl' in reaching it. (See No. 197, 1871 series,)

No, 3G. CA:\ll~ ON ~IYS'J'IO LAI(E. No. 37, I>ALACE BUTl'}~ PAR1i', near tlle head of l\Iidtl)e Cl"-eli. .A most

romantic little spot, ill the \'ery heart of tho Gallatin )Iol1utains, distant nbollt twenty,th'e ruiles southwest frolU ~"Ol't Ellis. Palaco llutte, in tile distnncl', l'is~~ ueal'ls 3,OUO feet abo,'e the "nIll"'.

No, 38, PALACE BUTTE, one of the silurs of l\[ollnt Blackmore, ~Iont,t which has un ele\"ntioll of 10,13-.1: tect, nud this portion of it l'ises ulJruptJy u~al'ly 3,(lUO fE.'et nlJu\'e the \"ulley at its foot.

No, 39, .AncuED Ii'ALLS, on Middle Cl'eelc, just ubo\-o PuJnce Blttte. The fall DW ke~ two leaps of ubout fifteen teot each, O\'el' the lo\vcr of which spl'ings a natural arch, \\'01'11 out ot' the solid basaltic rock.

No. 40. FALLS ON :MIDDLE CREEK, about one wile nbm'e Palace Butte ~~ ,

~o. 41. TnE OASC.A.I>E, ucar tile sources of ~liddle Cre(·k. llut a ShOlt distuuce abo\'e lie the perpetual snow~ that leed the streaw. Reacbing tho brink, the "'titers are tirst hurriet! down a shul'p d~scE:nt of fh'e huudred feet, (the llortion inclnded iu tbo UbOfC \'iew,) aud theu descend in a 101lg series of fallg and cascades to the llUl'k-liI,e little l'alley b~)o\\".

No. 42. fiEA.D OF MIDDLE CREEK. '1'he hlrge nt!1l'lIithentcr Oiled with Ilerl~etual 8110\\'S, 1'1'001 which the creek is fed. The Cl'est is the dh-ide between the waters of tile East and tho \Yest Gallatin.

No. 43. PALISA.DES O~ 'l'DE WEST GALLA1'IN RIVER. Ga11atin Calloll bas a total Jeugtb of about forty miles, tlJo lo\rer portion of which is extremely willI nud rugged III its character. Ou tbo eustem siuu l'iKe thesu lUujestic walls and lliuuucies to a height of 2,OClO feet, .

No. 4-.1:. TRAIL IN 'YE~'l' GALLATIN CA~ON, through lhe dc-usc tiwber or fOI'('st gl'owth, which lta~ ill SOUIC I.JaCf'S obtaillctl a footing ullIong tIle imlllense musses of dib,.;s (bllt hun! falleu down fl'OlU the walls of tlae cHiion. •

No, 45. TRAIL OVEn 'l'llE lweI'S, in \\'t>~t Gnllnlill Caiion. ..At tbo foot of tho l'ulis:ult!s the! tmil i~ fOl'ced to the hrillk of tltu rh"er, amlo\'t'r huge gl'UlIitc bowJd~l'~, rOl' u clishlllCl· fif ubout n. Imlf mill', ftH'llIillg' the must, difliclIlt HIICI dang't'I'oll:; tru\'eliug the }mck ullel slHltll~ uuimuls JUl\'e tu t'UCOllllh~I'. 'rltc l'h'el' nt this point i~ bllt a 101l~ l)~I'il'~ of mpitl::, nn~nJl-!"illg twentyti\'e 1(.'et ill witlth aud tl'U ill tIt"l.t".

l:oi79 SERll·;d. 39

(Negath"cs 8 x 10,)

~o~, 3U;;, 360. GAt'EW.1.Y, OA.RDE~ OF 1.'[[E G()m~t Col" witbiu three or fuur miles ot' Colorado City. .A great wall of saUll::)tone rUIl· ning til) to 350 feet in hei~ht, through the center of which is a natural gattHfny of Rome ~no feet in \"hlth. The views nro frolll opposite sides; in the fir::;t \fe h~l\'e a ~liwpse of Pike's lll~nk, in the distance.

So,3G7. CAt'OEURAL UOCI~t GA.RDEN OF TUE GODS, Col., nu eUlI \'ie\y of the great noull in which is the gnttHfay.

~o, 80S. CA1'lIEDR.!L SPIRES, in the Gm'den of the Gods,·n. detncbetl runss of Sl)ires uml pinnacles, cm'{'ctl out of the pl'c\"c\iliuCl' retl sandstone which has bere beeu uplifted perpemlicuhU'ly. ~The tallest spire is about 150 feet.

I Xo. 300. LOOKING SOOTU from the Garden of the Gocls, toward Cheyenne .i\Iollutnin, an outlying spur, east of Pike's Penk.

No. 370. NEED[,E ROCK, lHen Eyrif, about one mile above the Garden of the Gods. Our \'iew is a mouolith, some 200 feet in heiCl'bt, ami 20 feet ill diameter at the base. In the sallle lleitYhborhood are Illauy other uxamples of the sawe peculiar n-;',\theriug.

Xo. 371. GLEN EYRIE, n Ilictnl'eRC]ue gOl'ge through \"bich Cnmp Creek cuts it~ ",uy to its junction with FOllutain Cl'eelt, nt Colorado City.

Nos. 3;2,373. GOLDEN CITY, COL. ViC\\" from t11e foot,hills west of the city, looking east o{'er the broad bas111tiu tubles, tlaukiun' Clear Creek l11,on either side. ~

~os. 3i4-37U. CLEA.R CREEK CA~nN, The route of the Coloratlo Centl'al Narrmv·Gauge Uuilroad to Blnckhuwk nnd Geol'getowu. Une of the grnlldest mHI most picturesque caiion~ of the mnny n-hich cut tb~ Foot Hill l':lII~e ut l'igbt. flugles. The \'ie\\'~ extenel up the caiion ahout eight miles, that behlCl' the elld of grading at the time tlH~Y W~l'e made. ~

No::). 380, 381. CANON C.\SCADE in "'cttel'fall ~UiiUIl, Ileal' Ogden, Utah, n c;l~cn(]e of sOllie 300 feet, rnlllllll~ duwll o{'er beautifully, strutified white qmu'tzitl's. Ahore it l'i~es Ogden .l[ouutain to a ht-ight of 9,'; lU feet.

:Xo. 3S:!. OClDI~N, U'J'..uI. b'rom the snme stamlpoillt fl'om which the 111'0-ceding \"ie\v was.llultle, looldllg duwll iutu ~nlt Lake Vnllev O\'er Ogden, distant abont tbree lIlile~, to Salt Lake anti l)romontory l'oint ill the extrl'1I1a distallct',

~o, 3$3. J..,OOKIXG NOR.'l'1[ frolll the tablo,lanLl back of Ogden, SIIO\villC1' the spur of the 'Yasatch :'tlollutains, lIIlIler wl.lich lie the IIot Sprillg~.

Xos. 38·1, 3R5. liEAD OF 1.n't'LE CO'!''1'ONWOOD CASON, looking IIp frOID ~~ntml City. Th~ ca~e>u i~ a~ollt tell milt!s h,a leugth, l'ising In the \'cr)' SUlUIlUt of tbe "usatch ~[olllltams, nlUl comes ont upon ~alt J.,al~e Vnllt_',}' se\'entl'en Iuile:i ~ollth of Suit Luke ~ity. 1~ is lIot~(1 u~ n Illilling-l't'gioll,.tbere beingsolDeofthe l'lchest sll \'er·mllle::) 111 the \Vc~t located uIH)n the Nic.1es of these 1lI0tllJtnill::). ~rhe little llIinill~,t()\\"IIS illcluclt'cl ill the "iews luwo un ehwntioll uf o\'el' 10,000 fc~t, mill ~1l0W lics itl their sta'cet:l until IUlIg illtu StllllltWl', 'rbese ,-iews were lIIade ,TUllO

. 20, Yl't the snow lit'S so thicldS n~ to rClltll'r the rOIHI:i lit-arty irnpussable.

~o 1'::1;2 51::1:11::=-::.

~o. 3~0. LOOI\IXG DOWN J.1T1'LI~ COl'TO~WOOl) C,\~O~ from Cl'llfl"l) H i::; from the IIl'l'dl,itou~ side~ of' thc taiiull, a::l ~ho\\'11 011 til~ left, t!Hlt th(~ fl'cquclI t It "'llanches UJ' Sllo\\··~li(les OCCIlI', witb !'lIch fatal )"C'~m1ts to tho~e who llIay IJ~ caug'ht by tlwllI.

~o, 38;, GnA~.'J'E l'EAJ\, .Ll'l".'LE COTl'O~\\"OOD C~\~fJX, abont half wily down. Jt.1"1~l':;·llcn .. ly :J,tlOl) fl'l"t abo\"(~ the crt.'C!k·ut its foot, and is a solhlmass of tile beautiful gl'Ullite cluuactl'l'it'tic of the caiion.

:Xo, 388, QUARUYING (iR;\~ITE in Cottollwon,l Ci,iinn, ~u\'entel\n miles south ot' SnIt Lake City, ful' the )[OI'RHIU Tabt.'I'lwcll'. 'fhe ~l'onlld is completely strewll with jlllm(,\n~e bowlc.1l!l's alHI detnclwd masses of grallite, which lan,-o falleu down {'l'om th~ walls of the ,caiion 011 either l:ii(ll~, SOUlC of which nre ft'OIll thll,t,r to forts teet ~qual'e. All the qnal'l'yinn' i:) coufined to splitting np thesc blocks. .,

xo~. 389, :J!I(). YH~W 'OF TUE 'VASATeII )[OUNTAIXS from the Twill lleaks t? the spur that ~eparntes Salt. Lal,e from Utah Lake. The TWill l'leaiLs fnll but a little shol't of ueing the lJighest ill

n the rnng<', not fill' from 12,OO() feet abo\"(" the s(,\n. Xo • .,91. Two YOUNG CINX,\:\ION DEARS, nbont two mouths olll cap"

tured ill the lUonntnins neal' OO'dcu. ' :Xo. 3!)~. POI~'r OF TDE l[OUNTArn-, tell ~uiles south of SuIt Lake Cit", _ near the flot Sulphur SPl'irws. .. , ~o, 39:1, "~~LL.U:D C.A~ON, ill the ab~\'e ~llnl' of the \Yasatcb l[OUllt,

:nus. Xo: 3!1.J. "'~LLAnD ,errY, firtceu miles uorth from Sillt Lake, a )[ormoll

nllage of S(lllIe OCto ~ol1lli. (h'el' the vilIaO'e U fTliUlllse of IllOa" I" J' t· S I I' ~ ~ '" &.

• 'l _ d\-er ,ny, 0 il t ~nke, IS had. . ~o . .,u.,. DE .. U: l~lYElt HOTEL A~D BRIDGE, the cros~illg 011 tho liue of

the old stagc·line fl'om Ogllell to MoutUlIlI. :Xos. 3UG, 3Ui. P.\XORA)f1C VIEW OF ~[ALADE,Utah, frolll thebluO:; back

of the town, loOtiiug sontb dO\\"11 tbe valley; a )[orlUou settle-, meut of abont 1,~OU inhabitants. ~os. ;JUS, 39U. 110I:.TNEU~ C'\~ON, Idaho, looking (]m{'Jl from the grent _ .hend. al!?,u~ Il!)(lwa~ ill t.he<m,iioll. (See ~0.175, 1871 s~l'ies.) ~OS', .j~~O, 401. POI~:rNEUF,CA4\?~, I?olmlg lll) f~'olD SIlHle stuIllI-pOlllt. ~C). JlL. POU.T~EUF l\10~~TAn,~, JYlllg to the east of the caiiUll. They

are cO\'ered With a tblck mantle of SIlO\" which f~ll durin'" , the night of tho 2(( of .JnIS. ' ~

:Xo. -103. ORATER nU'l"l'ES, Qt' extinct l"olcanoes 011 ] (t!nry'd Fork nea.r its jUlJcHoll with Snnlm lU\·el'. Th~~y aro IU'ouliucnt' lall'dmm'lts for llI~ny mih)s along the Hue or tho stage·l'oad. The l~lTgm' one ot t he t~\'O, as shown In one "ie\\", .·ises abnut iiUO !eet, abo\'c the }lImit, upon a base ahout 0110 nIHI u. hulf miles JU dUlInefl'r. Its cratel' is abont lJalf a milo ill diameter aud pne huncll'eel nUll fifty feet dee.,. '

~o, ,10·1. 1\.ENILWOR1'II C~\S'l'LJ::, a mn~s of {'olcallic saudstonc,.lying nem' the .hase o.t the untte, t.hat hus bec .... wn~h~tl llWUS to its

_ _ pres(tut 101'111; IS about fifty feet hi~h nIHI one hUllCh't·tlloug. ~o. 4U" • .A GROUI- OF C()Tl'O~\\'OODS ou the )lic.1dle l~'ul'k of the Tl~tOIl _ Hin'l', in the 'l'~toll Bn~ill. . . ~o . .f00. r)m)L~NENT CA).P 01.' TilE SUltVEY elUl'jng the explomtion of

the 'feton runge, $ituntcd :at the foot of the main caiion that comes down I'rolll the 'fhrl'l! TI~(()Il~, anti c1i:;tnllt in :111 nh'-Jine nbnnt tem miles "nun them. l~Il"'ntjull of t~nUlp, (;,640 fl'l't.

J81~ SEltlE~. 41

~os;. ·10; 408 . .A rA~OIU.:\(W \"[EW l:i l'Ug T~;TO:'i nA:\(tE, from n point , "hout set'ell miles west of thom, including nn angle of about . DlP. Elet'atioll of stnnc.1-poiut, about IU,OOO feet, and of the bigbest Teton, 13,8:;8 feet.. .,

~o. 400. TilE TUREE 'l'ETONs, from a Ilromment stnml-pOlut, IooklDg across the lett-hand cniion of lVest Teton Uh-er nnd o'-er the·, hrontl snow-cOl·ered plnteau, ex:temling up to the foot of the Tetons. The ,-iews ~os. -115 to -no ""ere made from nnder the other side of the small butte tlmt lies directly under the middle lleak. ' . .

. ~os. ·110-4:14. A CO)II'L}:;TE l'ANORA:,UW '"lEW, in O.\"esections, sn-eeping the whole horizon from n stnllll"point luwing au elet'ation of nearly 11,OO() feet. The Tetous occnps the first ,-iew, and the others sweep around and join it on the left. From their great ele,oatiou, and their abrupt, pointetl outlines, T'isible iu all directions fl'om great distances, ther- 11a\-e long been noted Inud-mnrkR for trn,-elers. The~" are describe(l for the first time in In"ing~s Astoria, as the Pilot Knobs. Only three peaks are seen from n. distalice, but tl~ere arp. really l\ score, grand in themseh"c~, ""ere the~" not on~rshmtowed amt hidden by their more mnjestic ueighbors •. To the south ROll southeast we look o\"er great canons and broad, snow-col'"ere(t platean Dlonntaiu"tops, to muneless anll nltlDberless l)eaks iu the <tim distnllce. To the nortb nre long serratetlmoltutain· ridges, rugged, bare, and suow-streaked. To the west are two grent snow-cot'erl"d sentinels, and beyond them the great ))l~\De oCthe Snake Hit'er. .All these ,-ie'~s w~re taken nbo~tt .t\l1guSti 1" l\"h~ll there \\"us the lenst quantity of snow lU

the yenr. Xo. 415. V[F.W IN TnE TETON' RA:'iGE, looldug west froUl t\ point abont

three miles from tho Tt~tons, nnd frolO the edge of the great canon that separnt~s thern frolO the abutting qnnrtzites.

~o. 410. VIEW I.OOKINtr NOitTlI to tile sllarpls-serratclI peaks Ising north of the Great Cuiion.

~o. 4~7. VIEW LOOfi:ING SOUTH acrns~ the grl'nt sUOw-co\"eretl plateau, thickly scattered o\"er trith rugged anll precipitous mouutain-ppnks. . . • •

:x o. oilS. YIEW' sOt"TnEAST. .A contnination to the left of the prece(llDg TieW', Rhowing the two leR8er 'I'etons anel the head of tb~ Great Cniion. In the foreground is tho (,Ilge of tbe preCipice, tbnt drops clown pe.·pendiculal'ly 2,000 feet to the caiion below. '

~o. 410. l\[ot:NT n~YDEN, or tbe Gt'eat Tetoll, the highest of tbe Three Tetolls, tun-iug an ele,-ation of13,858 feet above the sen. It is ncnl'ly 6,nOO feet nbo,-e the bottom of the Grent Caiion, as shown in the ,"iew, and O\-er .,000 feet abo\-e ,Jackson's ~ake, on the o.,po~ite si,le. Immediately in frout is the Grent Canon, sweeping m'olll1fl to tho north alltl east, showiug the full tlel)th or O\oer 2,000 feet. On the ~!lth of JuIS, IS;~. i\Iessrs. Ste,"enson amI J.Jnngronl sl1cceetlcd in reaching its Rtuumit, after n. series of mORt tbrilling nth-entnres antI huirbf('mlth esculles; and as tbey were, in all probnbilits:, tbe onlr white men who ct'er accomplisbetl tbe ascent, chumetl the' right to lIame the mountain.

~o . .,J~O . .t\: vmw' T.OOJ\:INO DOWN TTIE SOUT« FOUr\: OF TET(J~ RIVER, t breo lUiI(:s abo\-e the juuction.

42 J~i2 SERIl::S.

No. 421. CA)(P A)IOXG TUE P[XE5I, Ilt tho f\lrki of \V~~t 'r\ltO:l Jth'er, of the pbotogral.hers of the surnay .

No. 42~. l\IOOSE UA)ll' of the photograllberR, in tbe Teton Oaoiill, tlnee mill'S llbo~e its lIl\lnth. So lIumed from. tho Idlliug of thl'e(! mOORe close br. One of the swall ones is hnugiug by tile tent. _

!io. 4~3. PHOTOGRAPnlXG I:i nlOU PLACES. A common eXllel'ieuce among the l.'CtOIlS. The series includetl iu Nos. ·.no to 4U were taken f.'om this point.

~o. 424. C.A:\ll' OF -'.rUE SURVEY, lll)oll Uithlle Fork. Secoml day fl'OI11 tbo TI)tons, going north.

yos. 4~5, 4!!6. HENRY'S LAKE, Illnbo, n shallow bo(ly of water, about tllI'eo by two miles in diamctcr, auc.1 full of slllull, scattere(l islands, aud the source uf Hem'y'::I l"ork. It i~ well slocl~e,l with most excellent trout. .At tbis point nrc fonr remarka.ble }lasses through the mugt", T,rghl'o aile) Hett Huck, 011 tile east ;lIul we'St; HaYllohl~, or the ~(atlisolt, on the Borth; aut! Henry's Lal~e, 011 the sUlItll. Elcnltinu of )aJ~p, 6"W2 f~et; Tygllee Pn:;s, '7,003 feet; Hl'tll:ock Pns~, 7,~;1 feet; nay" Holds, 7,011 teet.. The "iew is tal~en fl'Olll the north, looldug ~outh, ot'er Suwt('Ws mncb.

:Nos, 4~7-430. P ..1.NOnA.:UIC YIEW' OF UEXRY'S IIAKE, from a point on the enst side, lwtween R.lsnohls antI Tygh~e {,'ilsses, embraciug n. ,-iew from Uayuolc.t::l Pass, Oll tile right, pust Het! Hock und Henry's Laltc l'asses, t.o Tygbee 011 the left. In the celltel' is Sawtell'::I Penk, a. wclt. c.ldlnetl extinct ~olcallo, 10,000 tt!ct ill Ileigllt, with n. Cl'atel' 1,00'0 feet iu deptb, auc.l one aml n. 'half miles ncross its lougest diameter.

No. 431. SA ,,"TELL'S RAXCU, at the nortberll eud of Heury's Lake. l\Iessrs. Sa,,-tell null \VtU"tz, the pioneers of this region, ba~e built theUlseh-es t'el'S cOUltortuble quarters by the side of n. 't'ery tiue, large spring. The,\" catcb large quantities of fish fl'olD the hike, fOl' which they fint! a rently ullll'ket in Yirgillia City amI the wining-towns. Large. gume of all kiutls is abundant.

1'IIE GEYSER DASINS O~ FIRE I10LE RIYER.

(See 1$; 1 series.)

The grent geyser tieltls 011 the Fit'e Hole B"anch of tbe Madison Uit'er are dh'icled into t,,·o bnsins, the upper and tbe lo\\"pr. about t~lJ uailes apart. -The lutter is lIJuch the largest, but tho forUler contnins nearly all of the great Rpontiug ge~Sla.'S. The lower bnl'Oill is noted for the size, beauty, antI unntbel' of still Ilot-springs, which ppssess n. s~ .. elle benuty of tbeir 0"'11, rh-uling ruidy tile mnjesty nud pO\l"~r of the tlllluderiug' gessel's.

No . .13.2. )IUD PUFFS, Ol' Hot l'Itul Spring, in tbe LO\f'~r Geyser BaSin, u. mass of pUl'e white boiling Dlud, sputtering nt "I Ih-cly' rat~, anti throwing it ont all arouml, forming tbe miMed bank about i~ ,

No. 4:S:J. CRATER OF TilE ARCIII'I'ECTURAL GEl"SEU, Lo\fC" Rash., at the u(Jp~r ellli of no \'nllc~' tlJat t'xteIHI~ np fl'UlI1 tile Pil'e Hole Uin·r.

HS72 SER1E~. 43

No. 43-1. TUE GREAT llOT SPR.INGS, mitlway betwl'Nl the Upper anll IJower nl\sins, nlUl 011 the we:it side Firo Holo niver, a \"'1\st accumulation of si1iceol1~ maUt!r, built llJl fifty feet abo\"'e tho river, upon the summit ot' which m'e three ,-ery largo boiling 8[ll'iu~s, the l"rg~st b~ing !!,jO fc~t in dialUeter.

No. 435. VIEW I~ 1'U£ UPl'ER FlUE HOLE llA.S(~, lookillg up thc ri\"'er. Ul,on either sillo are the high siliceous bnuks, bortlcl'etl "'ith numerous hot Rpl'iugS anll ornamental bonlerings. III the distauce we get n glimpst' of the Bce,llh'c iu eruption.

No. 436. VIEW LOOK(NG DOW~ IN FIRE HOLE, from same stnUlI-lloiot as abo\'e.

No. 437. CRA'l'ER OF THE CASTLE GEYSER, ncar ·\'iew, from between it amI the Beautiful Dot Spring lying ne~t the rh'er.

No. 438. DEAU'l'IFU'L HU1' Sl'lU){G am.I cmter of the UasUe, saID& as No. 295.

No. 439. CRj\TER OF TUE OLD,FAITnFUL, a~ the upper end am1 southern end of the basin, so named from tlte regularity of its eruptions, occurriug once an hour with but vel"y slight \"'ul'iations. (For ,"iews of the eruptions, see stereoscopic sedes, Nos. 546, 547.) It ha~ built lip u. 1Il011lHl about t\l'euty f~et in height, "ith SOIllO most benlltifnl caulillo\ter,1ike formations, ex· quisitely beaded, 'With thousands of )Hmrls, and, "hen wet nfter t!he erul>tiolls, each one glistens nod sparkle:! like the real gem. TIll' orifice is a.bout three feet in diameter.

,Nos. 440,441. OLD FAl'l'l1FUL IN ERUPTION; not as good as the ster. eoscopic "iews, but still ~h'iug l\ good idea of the torce aud

graotleur of the up,lift to such gl"Cnt height (lOO feet) of so large a bOlly of hot water.

No. 44~, CUATER OF '1'UE DEE·HIVE GEY'SER. On tho opposite side of the rh'el" froUl the Custle nnd Olll l·'aithful. A '-Cloy sym· metrical COlle, about five feet iu height ntul six feet in «Ham· eter at its bn:ic. It is must beautifully beaded all o\"'er its exterior slll'face with small pearl-liko drops of silica. Its eruptions are of great fOl'(!e, throwing a stream fully hl'O hun, dl'ed feet ill height, nllli holding it 111' with IJerlect stealliness for l\ pel'iocl of frOID ten to ·fifteen minntes.

:No. 443. eR.A'fElt' OF 1'lIE GIANTESS GEYSER. It h:~s a large, (leep ori· tice, twenty by twellty·fi\'(~ feet in diameter, nllli whell empty showing a lll'(Jth of eighty feet. o nt' ,'iew r<'lll'eSents it ueal'1y full, just pre\"ious to an emption. In 1870 its eruptiOIlS were 1't!cordcfl by Lnngfonl us being o\'er ~OO feet in beight.

No. 4·U. ORA-'i'EIt OF 'l'DE GRAND GEYSER. Nearly opposite the Castle, and so lUUUl!ti from the great force aUti power it displays ill its erl1(ltions, \'nryiug from 150 to 250 fcet in height, :h'or a simce of tt>1t feet abont the crater the surface is elegantly udorned with hr.nlltifully·scullopelilittle resen'oirs, tilled with the clear. tntnspm'ent wntel'S 'rolD the gl1yser .

.xos. ,1-15,4·10 • .A DlS'l'A~'l' vnnv Ol~ 1'](E CAS'l'L~ IN ERUPTION, from acrONS the rh'er, ncar the Ginutcss, about 750 yurlls clistant. This eruption lasted fully two bOllrs, allll a\'emged 100 feet iu beight; it wus nccolJl(lalliell with a loud rumbling noise, mill Nhook the earth near by. In tbe fOl'cgrollud is oue of the small hot spl'il1g~, so IlUmCl'Oll:5 throughout the basiu.

So. 4.&1-. TURll..1.N GEYSER, luJjoiuiug the Ul'Htlti, within a few feet, the orlullllelllntioll~ alJUut thelU being itlt!ntitml. The eruptions m'e not ,'ery great, uot llIoro than twcuty 01' thirty ft!et ill height.

44 lei2 SEIlI ES.

:Xo. ,liS. TilE HnO'l'TO, n nenl' "iew of the cl';,t<'r, showing t.llc beading mul crystalline wltitelless of tho \\'uol~ mil$S. (8ee ~os. 2U7, !?HS, 1871 sl'l'ie~,)

No, ·UU. Ho'r SrRING HA~IN, ~iUlitnr to those in ::\09. 295 and 44;;, but most I.leHutifnllr sealJn()ed anel betlcl~cl. Is about fi~o fect in diameter. Occnsiollal1~' it o\-ernms its basin, aud then reeelles to n considerable depth, but lle\'Cl' <'jecting its waters as ,·io. lCllUy as n. g'eyscl"

TilE )UJDIOTII nOT SPRINGS ON GARDINER'S RIVER.

A sflries .of t'S('h-e n<'gnti\Tes maclc by .J. Ohrissman, of Dozeman. Mont. Til<'y Al'e fully de:;cl'ibed in Nos. 214: to 231 of the 1 S71 s(~l'ies.

Nos. 4;;0, 451. GROUP OF LOWER BASINS, 011 the main terrace. Nos. 452-45-1. GROUP OF 'fIlE UPPER BASl~S, on the same terrace. Nos. 455-4;;7. GnOlJPS OF' S)ULL, FLOWING SPRINGS, aud sulphur

\"'(~nt~, lmck of the Great Centl'ul Hot Spring. . Xo. 458. TOE OJ..P OF LIBERTY. (See No. 227.) :No. 451'. PALLS O~ '1'I1E nIGII'1' l~onl( OF GARDINEn.'s RIVER, in n,

de~Jl, dark, almnst iUlpeuctrable gorge, nbout two wiles abo\'e the spI'jngs.

:Nos, .tOO, 4n1. l"ALLS ON TUE LEFT FOIn\: OF GARDINER'S nlVER thl'ee miles nbo,'o the springs. in a deep gorge, across th~ end of which 1'1lllS n. basaltic wall, O\~er which tumbles the wnter in a eascnd6 a,bout eight,\' teet ill height.

No. 40!? E:'I[JGnA~1' I)EAK, "ie\\" frOID .notel~l"~ 1'UDCh. (See :So. 204, lS71 serit's.)

Xo. 463, )[OU)iT BLACKlIORE, Mont. Twenty-fhg e miles sonth of Boteaunn, lying ill the hl~nrt of t.he Gallatin range. \Villiam Blackmore, esq" a ,,,,calthy English gentleman, deepJ):' intcrested in tho IH'ospel'ity ot' onr institutions, l\CCOmll~lllied by his estirna!>le wife, came to BozeouUl to accolllpany the sur,'t'y a~ a gllest, lea,-iug her there uutil his return from the tl'ip to the head of the Yellowstone. Unring his absence,she gre.w suddenly ill, and e:tt>irt'(l before he cOlllt1 reach her. In m~mor~' of this sad e"ent, nilc.l also the .bigh estimation in which )[1'. Dlnctnllore is heltI, this UlOtllltnili hns been namell ns abof'c. Elt'n,tion, to,OUO ft!et. .

No 4G4. llRIDGER. l\10trN1'~\l~, the sunthcr'n spnr of the Gallatin 1\fonntnills, o¥erlooking the hl'ond amI fertile "llllcy of the Gnllatin. ]';Jc,'atioll, 9,UU2 f~l't. .

Nos. 405, 406. BRIDGBll, CA~O~. DricIger Cl"(lek ettts dowo <leep throt1gh bcautifully-stmtif1ed IiUlestolU~:!, exposiug IH~1'fectly "utical \"'3H8 011 the 1I0J'th~l'l1 side.

Nos, 461, 408. TUB :NEEDLE, ill llridgcf Cniion.A detached mass of )'ock, wcathercc1 into a sharp pillllnc)e. .

No.4GO •. M AJOJt PEASE'S nANCII, 011 the Yellowstone, three miles abovo . the .I!'jrst Oniion. Large (h'o\"'es of cattle m'e her(U~d here,

Olld as the winters are cOUlpnfati\"'e)y milc.l, requil'e but little caloe throughout tho wholo year. .

Nos, 4.0, ,HI. Y.ALLEY OF TilE YELLOWS1'ONE, )OOliillg sonth from tbe First Caiicm, salUo as No. !!UU of 1871 series, but frow a higher Rtallc1'point.

No. 472. :\Innw LAJ\:J!~, tu-eh'e miles south of Fort ElIi~. (Seo 106,)

1-72 SERlES. 45

No. 4,3. !\[YSTlt: LAKE, lookillg' LIp fl'om tl!c promolltOI',r extending ont into tile lakl', auuHt lllid w.,y Oll (lie right-llilutl side.

Xo. -J;4. Jil'STlC LA.KE, from saUie plnce, lool.:iug dOWll toward tue outle t.

Xo.47,j. PA.LACF. llliTTE, all l\Ii<1tlle Creek, near its source, one of tile spurs of MOllllt BI"ckloOl·e.

~o. 470. CA"P I~ PALACE BUTTE PARK. Upon the ~eall of ~riddle Creek, ali(I alJOllt t~e sontheru ua se of Mcnnt Diackmore, is sOllie of the graudest alld most picturesque scenerr to LJe fOlllld iu ~rolltaua. There are lIlauy littl e park·like vistas, iIltersperst'd with rugget! calioIl scenery, tilled witLt cascades.

No. 477. Tm: TWIN BUTTES, lyiug LJnt a short distance nbove Palace Butte, and rising lip neatly 3,OOU feet ubo\-e tlie rugged caiiou at their feet. .

No. 478. ARCHED F.u.Ls, directly undel' tue Twin Bllttes. The creek aooulJ(ls for nearly its WilDie) leugth in falls, ca~cndes, and rapills. The auo\-e i:i in a deep, dark gorge, !lowillg over H,

dike of basaltic rock, nllll 1lll,ler" "atllral arcbll'ay thrown Ollt from the top to the bottom of the rail; is abont tuirt.y feet iu ueight. .

No. 470. FALLS ?iEAn TilE HEAD OF "[IDDLE CREEK, aud at tue foot of the long cascade f.howu ill Xo. 41 of tlJe 11k 14 st'ries.

~o. 488. VIEW IN i\lrDDLE CREEK CA~ON, showing its sonthern face. Xo. 48t. VIEW DOWN MIDDLE CREEK CAXO~ from saUle stnull.point. No. 4S:!. HEJ..D OF ~lIDDLE CREEK. A view S1IOWillg' the large umplJi-

theater lillell with SUOII', anll froUl w~ieu )Iiddle Creek fi"i1~ its sources.

Xos. 483, 48·1. VIEW NBAR THE ~IO];1'fI OF WEST (hLLATIN CAXON. A limestone mOllutaiu Oll tlie east s icle of the calloo, lying' directly upon the yolciluic rocks, an cxp0::ieu face boruering the rh"er, showi ng' the line of jllllction.

No. 485. THE PALlSADES OF TIn: \YES'!' G.l.LLU'IN. Towering castel. lated walls and pinnacles of grnu ite l'bing to a li eight of 2,UOO feet above til e I' irer.

Xo.486. TI!AIL OYER TilE nOGKS. No.4Si. TRAIL THRO];GH TilE WOODS of Wt'st Gallatiu Caiion. (See

Nos. H nUll 45, 11 x 14 series.) Xo. ·188. BLUFFS on the head uf tLe West Gallatill, aLJont GO miles nuo"e

the tlIolltll of the rauoll. Xo.480. SHADOW LAKE ou the SlllBIlIit of tLe lli"i,le, between tue West

Ga llatiu nud the Yellowstoue. Elenltiou nuove t~e sea, 0,347 ti.Jet, Huel 4,33:! feet a~o \-e Yellowstone at Boteler's.

The following views, froU} -lUtI to 500, illclusive, were maue by J. UUl'iSSUJall, of Bozeman, Mont., who accompauieLl Proj;,ssor Haydeu's <liris ioll of the sllITey, null yisited those loca l. it ies not l't!<lchell by the photogntpilen; of tile survey.

:-'-os. 49U, 4UI. CJ.XO?i OF 'J'![E UrrER )[Alliso~, LJetll'eeu GibLJolls'. Fork and the Fire Dole Hh-er. It is here along' series of swift cascades, Howing- uet\fceu yerticn l walls of trachytie rock.

:-'-os. ~O~, 403. PULPI'£ HOCK, in une of the small sille cniions of the )[j(J- . elle Caiiou or the ) fmlisoll. .:\. c1 etacued ma~s of lime~tone from tile 1I101lntaiu sill!?, about 150 feH in ileig ilt~ pulpit-like in furm.

XII. -t!)J. ~ VIEW tiN THE ~IADISOX beluw tIl e Grt.>at ~Iiddle Cntiou. Xo. ·W.'. A YIEW LOOK·E'iG liP to\farll the ;\liddle Caiion frollt odo,,-.

,i .' ,I

:i

L'I'PEB F .\lf_'i 010' 1"In: Yt:I.l.0.W5TO~E.

- -- '::..:.:...---_. --- - - . _. __ . __ .. _--

46 1872 SERIES.

No.4U6. Unm.\ULlC )UXl~G ill A1d(~r Gulch: IIcar Y'irginia City, ~I()nt. (Snme us 10U.)

No. 497. lIELE~.A, l\(o~'1'. A Ih·cly, thrh-ing city of nbO!lt 5,00U i_ubabituuts, s\1~taincd chictly by tho milling opcratlous Cill'1'lell ou cxteusi\-ely all nl,ollt it.

No. 408. TROliT CREEK Ii'LU)IR, carrying the wate1' so llCCeSSnl'Y to t.he mincrs, lIen1' lIel('ua,

Xo.4U9 • .A )Io:x'rA~A RANCII, comfortable if uc~ e~(l~n!lt, and tho hOl!lO of lllany well-to·do p(,l'~OllS eugaged III nUllIug or stuck·rals, ing. '

No. uno. TnE SUCCESSI~CL IIU~TF.R.. Fred. not~ler, who accoID1lnnied the sl1n-ey as hllutttt', l~illed, within an area of fifty feet diameter {hoc hll'Cl'e elk, beforo bl'eulif'ast. rl'he yiew sho'n"s them as tllcy fell,o""ith tho hunter in the center of tho gr~nll. The loentity i~ on Yellowstone Rh-el', about three IlJlles abo\"e tLe Grent li'alls.

So. tiOl. A YOUNG lIOOSE, domesticated 011 ~Iajor Pease'$ ranch, on tho Yellowstone.

:Nos. ti02, G03. lIE4\D OF A~ OLD FElIALE MOOSE and olle of the young ones, 1i:i1led at the cnmp at tlJe Tetolls. (8t'o No. 422.) ,

:Xos. ti04-507. GROU11S OF FOUR YOUNG DUFFaLO CALVES, 1101ucstlcate(1 Oll )Iujor Pease's rancb. They are about four months oltl, alUi of the'renl monntain·bison t.ype, beiu~ caught high up in the nlollotains about the head of East Fork. Tlll'ueu in with tLe cows ~f the cattle-berd, they yers remlily tuok up with the new 'regime. _

Nos. UOS, u09. Gnoups OF Y~UNG ELK, caught a~ UI.e samc time and plac~, aud uuclcrgoJlrg the sume c.1omestlcatIOtl. ..

No. mo. GROUP OF ALL TIlE ME)1nERS OF TUE SURVEY,. tal~eu In Fire Hole Basin the day after the simnltnueotls arrn-al of all the different di~isions.

Nos. 511,512. "THE DIAIIOND nITCH," or tbe operation of" packing" ~ JUule. The ent.ire transportation of the surl"ey was etfected by packing, each mule carrying on an nn?rage about 25.0

,pounds, and so arrnuged upon the pack-saddle or apm·tJo by u syst.em of" hitches" as to withstand all the \'icissitudes

. of mountain tra~e1ing. ' Nos. u13-525. l\hSOELLANEOUS GROUPS of the members of the party by

. "wesses" au(I by corps di~isious. .

BTEREOSCOPIO VIEWS.

Nos. 490-492. CLEAR. CREEK CANON, Colo. No. 493. LITTLE COT'JONWOOD OARoN, Utah. No. 494. GRANITE PEAK, Little Oottonwood. No. 495. QUAUR'YING GRANITE for the Mormon temple. No. 490. GRA~ITE QUARRY in Little Cottonwood. Nos. 497,4HS. CANO;,-q CASCADE, near Ogden. No. 490. 'VILLARD CANON, ten miles north from Ogc.1en. No. uOO. PORTNF.UF CAgON, Idaho. Xo. nOlo CANON OF TilE MIDDLE FORK OF TnE TETO~ RIVER. No. 502. CAllP at tt.1 fuot of the TIJl'ce Tetons. No. n03. HAYDE~~S PEAK, or tlJc Great Teton. . Nes. Je j-:11.J.. TUE 'fUR'J-:E TEl'ONS ami the runge {loOIll tbe two stanc.1·

I,oiJlts of N'os. (j ancl 7 of 11 X 14 series, au<l sweeping the whole horizon ill ll:mol'amic sel·ics.

IB72 SBIUE::;.

No. 5l,j. I' nO'l'OGftl\l'IIIXG IN InCUI PLACES. Nos. 5lG-5:H. S-rUDms Oil th~ IJt"t't l"OI'k of'l'eton Uh-er. Nos. G:!:!-52!). ~TliDIES 011 tbe HiA'ht FOl'k of 'fewu Ui\'er. ~o. 530. Vn,w dO\\'Il the nig-llt I,'ork. Xo. 531. DI!-:~RY'S IJAKE, Idaho. No. 53!!. k:)AW'1'I~LL'S U,\NCO,.OIl II~nr~"s IJatte. Xos. G:Ja, G34. IN'l'EIUOR OF St\W'1'ELL'S RA~CU. No. 535. MUD PUFFS, Lmvet'li'iro 110le Basin. No. 53G. Ho'!' SPR(~G POOLS, Lower }'it'e Hole D11Siu. No. ua8. S)(ALL GEYSER CR.J.'fER., Lower Pil'e Hole na~hl. No. 530. OR~Al[J.;NTAL HOT SPRING, Lower ~"il'e lIole BiLsin. ' No. 540. CRA'fER. OF FOUN'l'.A.IN GEYSER, Lower }"il'e Hole D'LSiu. No. IHI. GENERAL VIEW of Lower l~it'e Hole Basiu. No. 5-12. S'l'EJ.?tI JET in Lmfer Fil'e Hole Basiu. No. 5-13. UREA'r Bo'!' SPRING, between Uppel' untl LO\'fer Bi.lSiu. No. 544. UPl'F.R FIRE HOLE BASIN, looking lip. ·No. 545. UPPER FI~E BOLE BASIN, looking down. Xos. 5-10, 547; OLD FAITHFUL IN ERUP'rIO:.'f. Nos. ti4:S-!j50. ORA1'ER O~ OLD FAll'BFUL. No. 551. CRA.TER. OF THE DEE-HIVE GEYSER. No. 552. CRATER Olt' TUE GIA.NTESS GEYSEI~. No.5u3. CRATER OF THE GRA.ND GEYSER, No.oiJ-1. CRATER OF TilE GR01'TO GEYSElt. No. 55J. THE GROTTO IN ERUPTIO~. No. 5:'>0. SOUNDING THE GR01'TO. No. 557. DISTANT VIEW OF THE OASTLE IN ERUI'TION. No. 558. CRA'fER OF TIlE CASTLE AND Ho'l' 8PRI~G BASIN. Nos.5u9-503. HOT SPIUNG POOLS OF l'nE Ul'PER DASIN. No. 5(i-1. TOWER FALLS.

47

Nos. 5(;;,)-507. l\(A)()IOTU ilOT SPRINGS, ou Gurdiner's Rhrer, Low'er Dasins.

Nos.50S-ti7:t J\[AlDlOl'l( HOT SPRINGS, on Gar(liller's Ri~er, Upper Hasins.

No. 574. CA.P OF IJumU'fl", at )Jammoth Hot Springs. No. u75. E)nGnA~'l' l ' EAIL, frow Botele1":J. Nos. ~170, u77. V· ALLEY OI~ l'IIE YELLowSl'O~. Nos. 57:>-58"'. BumHER CANOS, ncar Fort Ellis, )Iont.. No, 585. l\IySl'IC LA.KE, tweh·o miles south of Fort :Em~. ~o, ti80. PALACE !JUTTE, l\Ihldle Creek. No. 587. PALACE HUT1'E PARK, Middle Creek. No. u88-50:3. VIEWS I~ 1,'HE Ul'PER CA~ON of Middle Creel\:. Nos. tiU-1, ti9:;. AaOUED l;tALLS, J\liddle Creek. Nos. 5UG-5!J9. OaSKADE of l\liddle Creek. No. 600. i\IOU1'U OF \VEST GALLATIX CASON. Nos. OUl, OO~. TnAIL IN 1,'lIE WOODS. ~o. (;03. 'l'ltAILOYER TUE ROCKS. Nos. 004, 6U5. ,P,ALlS.llJJ::S OF THE "TEs'r GA,LLA'l'IN. Nos. 000,601. VIEW IN 'l'UE l\hDDLE OANON. No. 008. C,UIP ON 1,'"E. 'VEST GALLATIN. No. G09. UPl'ER OANO~, 'Vest Gallatin. Nos. oro, 011. SHaDOW LAICES on tile Didc.le. Nos. Ol~-(j14. ~'AL'LS O:i OARDINER'S nlVER, near Dot Spriugs. Nos. 615, ow. Ul'PER .3IADlSO:.v OA.goN. No. 6J 7. IJOWER l\L(D1so~ CARON. No_ fHB. HYDRAULIC l[lXING I~ ALDER GULCII. No. lHD. l\hNEltS' C~\'DI~St in AhlCl' Gulch.

48 18;2 SER[ES~

Xo. G~(). nEAXER IIE.\D norms. No. G:!I. UU'!' Sl'UlNG:i HOTEl.,llenr lle]cna. ~o. (j:!~. 1'uOl'l' CnEl':K CA~O~. No.O:!J. llELL,GA.'l'E CASON. No. G:!·J. AYAL'\~WllE O.\XO~. No. 025. MOUNT.A.I~ CEDAR. Nos. 0:!6-630. llAN~'\CK l~nJ,\xs.

1.878 SERIES. , The fo]]owing iH from the American iJonrnul of .Art~ nlHI Sciences, vote "i, Decelll hl'r, 1813, anll affords an e~celhmt iutrotlnction to the 8el"ie~:

['"ife,l Sttrtea Geolo!lictll Sttrrey of the Te,,"i1o"ie:~, F. Y. HcrYllell, Geolo· gi,'I1 i" 01"'''00. PllOt"ortll'lI:'1 of 18;3.-\re hlwe l'ecci~ell un intcrt!:itillg ~l'lcction from the photogmphic views tnlicn by Professor llaYllclI':t SUl','e.r in Oolor'ado thi~ SlHumer, nud hnstcm to lay bufol'O th~ J'ender~ of tile JnnrUlll some 1lCCOliUt of the opemtiutls of the sun'e,)' in this cIe· partment.

'fhp. phutogrnpbie 'l"ork W3R this sear aguill in the elmrge of :\[r. W. ll. Jacl~sou, who hn~ appl'o\'cd ill itl'la\'iotls c:ullp,ligu~ hi~ skill as a workman, his enterprise nml i)er~i~tence as nn t'Xplol'~r, nnd hi:; good jlUIglU~nt ill tb~ sel~ctiOil of hili sultit'cts, To hi::! party \\"!l'e joined, tlur'iug lIIost ,of the Sllmmer, the collcctOl's iu lIatural hhstor.\'. Tiley began work urar the Clltl of :\[a,'·, ahont IJoug':; Pl"ak; th~ snow pre· \'clltcd them f!'OlIl I\~cellclillg the mountain it~t"It' so (.I.u-I,r. Tht'ir ,-iews of the Ill'al" hmre'-l"I', nud of the l>eautit'ul little Estes Pm'k nt its foot·, 'were n'.'y ~llcccssflli. ~l'he~' then Illo\-ed sOllthwUl'l1 through tile l~rout l'Uuge U~ far ns Gra)"s Peak, getting the whole pallOl'a1l1U. ou tho \fny, nuel taking fl'olll Onl.Y's itself at. cOllnected sel'h!s oi" \'iews nt'UlUll! the hol'izou. 'fhe snme was done again fa'OIll Pil,o',s Pl"ak, to which the party lIt'xt mO\'4,l'd, \-isiting on their WHy Chil!ugo Lal(l', llt'ar Creel" tho Platte CaiiulI, alltl the rellllll'lmhle tmcts of fnutasticall,r-worn sllmltitouo known ll~ llonumellt Pal'l~ nnd the Garden of tho Gatls_ Fl'OlIl thcl'e th~y trn"Cl'~t.'tI Sourh P.\l'k~ flnd aftt'r u~ain tnkillg panonlluie \,jcw~ from )l011llt Lincoln, jt,inctl ural' Fail'pla)' tho pilrty of the chiet:., of the surn'y, allli aCct"np;tlli~11 thcm tu \\-e~tol1 Pil:3~, Twin Lakc:t, alltl other Jluinl~ 011 the \,;,]It.'1' of the Al'Imnsils, aCI'O:iS the Xation,ll mngu :11111 into the Elk~lonlitHins, ami tillalls "l) thc Arl~aIlS:t~ mltl l>eyolltl it~ ht!atl· wuters to the :Uonnt of the Holy Oms:;, rctm'lIillg thcllce to Uelln.~l' mul bl'caldllg up 011 the 5th of Scph'mblor. l'unol'ulllie ,'i~\\-s wel't~ talieu from Ila Pinta, MUlIIltaill, ill the Natiunal rangl', allli from ""hitc Hock l'IOlilltllill, in the Elk gl'oup. •

l'lre total nnruber of ,-iews taken dnring the campaign i~ uemly 300, lmlf of. th(!m being stel'coscopic, halt' the l'emcliullt.'" oj x·::; inch 1,I.Itc:;, aud the rcst the Inrge 11 x 1,-1 iueh plates, Tht.'y hlit'ly C.,,'(!l' the I'C:.!'iOli trn"I!I'::;lacl, ill its nlrions nspecls. Th~ interest:t of :-;uit.'lIcO \n~ro c:1pccial1y cllll:iilll!retl ill the ~clcction of ~nbjeots, ami it wa~ dC:iigllla.1 that the P~lIIOl'lunio views should cOlllbine, wit,lt the clrnwillg:; of )11'. lIulllll's, the al'ti .. ~t of the snrn~y, (tlmwings, it is bt'lie"ctl, l'al'l!I~- ~'l"ah..·.l fur their t:HllIl'l'ehellsh'l'lleS~, llllllute llC<:lll'llCY, 3Ull lll'tistic tl'llth of l'XP1'Cs:iioD,) to make th~ reported facts thoronghly I'l'liahle. allcl tl) hl'ill~ LJl'flll'U the IIPl'l'chellSion of ll)n~rs of natm'e, whcthl'l' tiu' Itl'l' lJuilltt.r Ul' Ilt.'l' hlstury, till' gl'Clllll s(:euery of the grtu,dt.':3~ Imt't of the Hl'cliy .\lu,,"tuilJs. The higil .,alloralllil~ ,vill net'd, ill IHll't. to l>~ jlU]gell by th~il' intcnt to dis.,1.1,\- tho structure of l't'gious which ftnr h.l\'O \-i:iiu.,tl, 01' can loXpcCt to \'isit. 'fhe lells i~ far bchincl tlJ" ese iu it:t pO\\'t'l' to apl'l'eciutc the {listalll~l'S in such '-iew~, ami to (1i:ico\'el' the t~ll' off Ulill faint, ..:\.ut1 while rlll~I'C i~ plenty of fmblimity in scenes \rhCI'O heights of l:!,nuO, l:J,UOO.mul Il,fJUO l'ect count by scores, aUlI' \"ast nWl'hitheutcr:i uIHI dee!' gUl'gl!,s are

4 PU

50 1673 SERIES.

on C"CI'S llUlUl, th~y fire not 1lI'rcil';(')Y l,;cfurcNquc in the propel' sell~r; thl'Y nn~ not mnuugeuhlo into .,icturC's, 'fhoso who ha\'o ~t!t~n uutil, gin~ th~ pl'('f~rellcc in this respect to the Siena X~\'alla o\'~r tho Cnlo, ratlu lluulItaills, E~p~ciallr the grC'nt "olcmaic pl'alt:li uf the \\ r~t('l'n const, rui~illg their majestic i~olatcil CtlllCS froID l\ lo~' basr, fire IIII))"e llowerfully hnlll'e~si\"e than rnngl's where lines of pealt:s nUtI Cl'l"~t:-\ of immen~e lHlt equnl altitude nscelHl from buses already at 7,UUO to lU,UOU fect. Thrre are few summits ill Ctlloratl0 which ure liftell Ulore thnn 6,000 feet abo\-e their immelliato sua'rotmdiugs. The bmTt!uness of these moulltnill~, too, us l'egal'ds uotb while snow nm) green t'egctutiou~ in the lUa~s, d~trnct~ from thrir eH~clh'en~ss. .

.t\ huost e\'erpt'hel'e the snow lies in Sllllllll(!r oulS iu lin~s find pntches, ,,'bich, thuugh of 110 sUiull ab~()lllte dimclIsiollS, are petts as cOlllparcd "'ith th~ great monntaiu,mnsse~. The only markell eX(~rl'tiou thi~ SUllItnl'I' (WhE."1l the snow wa:; lUnch Ics:;, to be SUl'e, than the 1l\'(lrngc.l) "'flS the eastern nmllilitbentrr of one of the grent peaks of the Elk :\JOtllltaills, whcre there is an tlubroh:en sheet a full milo wide, nml cO\-erillg lJalf n mile of dowllwClrd sIOl)C. This does not appenr muong the ,'ic\\'~ tukeu; the sm'\'ey wcre al>le to RPI,rofich the ruonutuin Olll~' from the rear. ]~\'eu ber~, of com'se, is no glacier; the sno\\" renches the ntlh"y belm\", oulS us walcr, aftt!l' collectillg iu ono of those illten~ely green lnk~s ,,'hieh dot the hif,tb slt'IJlIs of these Dlol1ntnin~, ns uf the Alps; the eOIUl»ine<11J(lnnty macl grallIlenr of the Swi~s il'e,I'i\'ei's is altC,lgeth~l' wunting. A.t the same time the c\'ic.len(!es of former glaciul nction ou fill hllmC'lI~e s('nll' are almndnnt nml sh'iking, nllti "iews of tbem m'e aUJollg thc most "nluable of JUr. Jflcl~sull'8 pictures. ThC're is, for eXRlUl'lC', the llictnrc (taken from 1,3(10 ft.lC't nbo\'c it) of the ~rea(, gl:lcici'"t)"ougb Icading 110\\-11 from the JIol~- c .. o~s !\(oulltnin, nnc.1 tilled for miles with t'ocl,cs mOlftmwces 011 thl" gl'alJcI~st ~eillt'-shccp,bncl~s uJl to 5U feH high nud hmldl'ec.1s of fttc.,t lon:r, ~lll 1'0\1lId~a nIHI sl1loothC'll, amI cro\vtlillg oue ullother so clO~l'I>' n~ to be almo:it ilD(la~sa1Jlc. The UC'Ill'er "ien-s, taken froUl nmid t IU~t'e 1"id~l's thelll~eh'e5, and showing tlle fulten UJllb~r with wbich tlal" ~l'nces bet"'ecll them nl'e tllled, gh'c a lh'ely scn$e of the delights of tm\'(~ling alDong th(!lll. Ulle of the 1l10~t stl'iliing pictures of the $l"l'ifs is that of this Holr Cross l\Iountnin it-selr, with its ~'hite cros..~, 1,fJUU teet long, on its front. It 'vas to gnin this ",jew that the pat'ty <"l\ mentionC'd ill our Octobcr nnmlll"r abo\'C', p.200) haa to climb nll (hIS, witb 50 llotlllds of npparntns 011 each IUnu'~ buck, nud thell to spend the night uenr the Slllllwit. without food or shelter. Qther illlPOI't;llJl. glacial "iews fire tbol'c of the grent 1110l'Hill~S at the ensteru bn~e of the ~ntioual l'Rllge, nlong .AI'I,ansn:; Yalh'y. 'rhe most renuu'kable of th,em, stretching out from the month of the r~gnlnl' aml dcepIY-l)(Illetmtmg \"nlles of Clear Cl'~l"k, Itre two or tlll"eO miles loug nml 7UO feet high, and frolll the opposite IIflights secm n~ l'('gulnr us milway cmbault:mellts. Tho Twill Lal\:cs, a te\t' mill'S fluther up tbe \'allcy, the Im'ely situntion RlHl bcnnty of \\'hich aue well iIInstrutetl by n sel"ics of \"iews, IIro thcmseh-es 1\1:-;0 interest, ing l'(,Slllts of glacial nctioo, ncstle(l betwceD "fist mora inC's in fi'ont mid \'aster moulltaius behind. ]~\'en the IUll'row bnr thatscparat(ls them is but a tCl'lnhml ulol'aine,'dropped nCl'O~S their bu~in 1Jy II th!uk of tbr retl'l'atiug glacier.

III the th .. e~ more ensterly rnngcR thC'ro is grcnt nniformitl' of mil, teritll; almost e\'~l'ythiug is grnllite nud gneiss j nud tho "I\l'ict~' is thllt of el'ulled form. In the ~atiollul r:llIgr, esp~ciully, there js not u tract' of l-iCtlilllNltal'S rock through its \fholo exteut of SO mil~s. With th~ Elk 1tlountnius tile cnse is "~rs ditl'C'l'ent, aud sOUle ot' their strilcillg

1873 SERIES. fi1

ntHI pfcnliar featnres nre brought clcarly to light hy these "ie\\'~. 'flu"y lun"e a womlel'ful \'al'ietl' oreolol'iug nl~o, ",hidl IInhnl'.,il~· photogI'fI)llll' is unable to prf!t1nce. Fl'OlU the tol' of Italian )IOllUtain, for l'x:lmph', (~O nametl frOt!) its lll'{·sclIting' iu hrillialley the Italian colors, r(ld, white, IIIHl gl'eeu.) uem'ly tho whule struetnrr. of the gl'Ou(l CiLlI be reml in the contmsts of coloring: tlJe light gmS uf the gmnitic nnd

'eruJlth"e IIndeu::;, ",ith the lI11ml»t>"h"ss Jlenk:i of sandstone about it, tile f;.trntn CCtIl~JtiCllOU~I)' dipping nway ill e\'cry direction, mad ill t\\'o sll:utl"s of rl"d, n lighter tlud n. clnrl~er, the lattt'r II rich marOUll color. There m'e f~'\" mort! h~nllti"lll scen~s than ttae Grand 1'eocalli, nli f;.l"en froUl the month of thp short "nlltoy (some three mi1C'~ long and ;L mile broad, bet\\'een high \\'nlls) ,,'bich leculs frolll it dO\fll to tht! E:Ist Hi\""er, a f'nst psrnuHtl, 2,7UO fc~t high, of DlO:)t r('gnlar form, ill buro steps anti COnr~(l8 of maroon l"C'c1 ut the !\UlIllUit, aud with the ~alllC (:.,)or ulushing, as it w~r(l, with n most l,eculim' l'tll'Ct, th .. ougb th~ thill, gl'ass,f c:)\'erin~ of itl-\ lowcr sl()p('~.

Desides thl's!:! !,nuul(lr ,'iews, ilInstratit'e of the gpograpby aOtI geology of the rt'giou, thet"e is Ule usnal proportion, ill the nsual vnrit>t,r, of minor itellls or ~eell~r:r, sm:h as w:lter-falls, lakes natuml

, lJl'idges, Lit~ of I'u\'ille, ami stl'angt! I"Ocl\:,f\)rllls. CUIl~picuous muong tl!l"S~ hast at'e the ulmost incredilJI~ shflpes of crodell sandstone colulDos in lIolllllIU!lJt Pm'k.

,V. D. W. (Yegntit'es 11 X 1-1.)

Nos. 40, -17. LO~Gts PEAK, V(EW FRO:\( ES'l'ES PARK, on the northwest, dishlut u1Jout t\reh'e llIile$ from the snmmit. The l)ark is nhont funr by sh: miles ill (IinUll'ter, lyiug' inside the toot,bill r:lIlge nlltl cluse uuder the main rang~. Being well sheltered nlld en~.r of nccess, it is proving to be n most excE'Ucnt pas,' hire for Inl'ge herd~ of cnttl(l. A few fiullilies IUl\'e nlso ~l'ttlE'tl hl'rt", nUll takell tip pcrmalll'llt home~teads. It is (Illite a plc'asUI'e"rr:;o .. t, allil as tlau onls pmcticnlJle route for ;t:i(:l~llt1i"g the lwnk Il"ud~ up fcolII this ','aller, it is tle:;tillcll to hl'come It fi,,'oritc ~toppiflg'fJlace fOl' heultb·st'l"ker mid tran-Iel'. The Big 'l'hoUlp~on, tll'aining all tltis region, is all

. ~Xf:l·lI~nt trunt·stn'ulll, utili ill Sl·Uliun nfl'ortls Ulost e::tct!lIeut ti:'\hing. . . •

Long's Peak: ns Sl"C'O from the plains. is the most pronliIlent .in the front ran~C', .. ising shul'ply.high nbo\-e the -surrOllmling )leaks. It, elevation is l-l,~i 1 teet, and nbout O,:3UO it· .. t nhu\'e tll(~ park. Comp0:icti cllth't!J~' of the pl'imith'e rocks, it hll:i lmhl, Ilccitlcll Otlt1iIl~~, gl'('l\t \\,:111~, fI;ul deell caiions, anti nhollt its Ilorth W~!'ih'rn .b:um Ilnl'ticllhu'ly are said to be gUI'gt'M allcl Caiiolls nuwlIg thc.~ 'gl'amlest 011 the cootinent.

It:-; summit i~ tlh'idetl hato two slml'p ~rest8, the Illost west(,I'n (lIW bl'illg the lJighc~t lIud most difUcul( of nacent. The tmil leuds directly lip ttl thubei'·lill~, nml theu passt!s nrol1Dll to the north nlHl west, ft"olll'which direction ouly tilt! sUlDmit Clll1 he r~:lc1wd. ~o. 47 is fmua l'rosl,ect )[olilltain, standing i~olatct1 011 the sOllthel'll edge of tllo purk, nbout J ,UIIO feet in height, nlltl nfiul'llillg llIost t.!l:(~ell~llt lUIlIOl'alDic "iews.

No~. ·lS-im. I.o:SGt$ Pg,\K, n pllllomUlic \'hm-, ill three sections,frolll the slllllUlit or tla!:! tlh'icl~, l»t"twl'en th!:! \\':~tllr~ of till" Saint ' .... uin IUIII thu BOllhler, sutltlwast about tell Illil~s froIU the llenk. In t!IC first, or Il'ft:luuHI "jew, we flrt.' luoking no little nOl'tlt

52 1973 SI::RI ES.

or n-eR t, ~h o" ' ill~ the lin r. or s.ha rp ~ lI uwr ('H'~I!) th aL ('X l l'lltl ~onlh "'a n1. .A moll {! tltem rises the Sa ill t Vrain, f1 <1\\'ill~ dOWIl through the dt:t' p ~ol'ge ill th e t;{, III ('1' or r" t~ de\\'. 11\ No. 49 the }I('al;; ocenpies lIl·ady lit e whole " ie\\' , but it is onl y the lIlo!'t l'a~t('r l .\ of t he Lwin SlIllllllit s, t he il ig h e~ t ouC! iJcill:.! hl'YOU<i nud hidden uy i t . Xo. GO is il ll ex tl'lI ~ il)lI or the "jew l'ast w;mll,r, g.j l'ill ~ U ~ a g lilllP:k or I h r. flIlI g-e, Iy i 1Ig" to I hp 1I0 rt It or Estl'S Pill'I. . III th e. C(' lIt er, i' IOli li t Lill)', i\ ddgt, or g lll'i s. sic schhHS <lm1 quart zi te:o:, ri s{':o) abollt ~1[jOO feet ahob.! tlto platean, Thl~ rOI"t'grOlllul of tlH'~(' three dl~ \\"S is clial"llcter· is tic of:1 l1 th e cOll llt ry lyi ng- itl ~i llt~ the foot,hi ll :" a gn';It pia , te'all o r gr;1IIitt' ~ . ~ Cilllled and fU1"I"o\\" ('d into ll L't' )l l'iI\'i1lcs :\llll ca iiolls, amI co\'t: I"L'd to a grl':\t l's tellt wi th tlell ~c gron's o r pil '~ .

Nos.51-ti3. A PANOTIA)UC VIEW OF '("U E UOLOUADO on "FRON'f RANGE, liS ~(,C II from 13 alll Moulltain, abollt tll!"l' e l11il t:~ \\"e~ t froll l til e , , ' :u'd Illiuiu{!-tl is tri(;t , I'lllhntcillg- a d e\"\' from Loug's PI'al. Oil th e nor th, 10 lll'OIr Ara pahu all t lt e f:Olll h, 111 Ihe l"orl·:.!TOl1 lul i:-; o ll e u f t he-li ttle Slw\,· f"etl laIH'!';, f:O Illll1l l'rO IlS thrnll ~hol1t . tl.t(~ UloUlllaill !'l, :Iutl funuin g- n jllt!a ~: tll L "aril'ty to th e 1I111110t·

OilY of 1IIllIlIw ril':'5 SIW \\'·\\" ltite 1)(.'; tI .;~ . Alt hullg-Ll t h is "i ew was llIath- latc i ll JUltt', it wi ll bl~ St'l' U Ihat tl,c hi ll ·:,ilh·s arc h ~a'· i1.r dra pl'(l ill a Illil 11 ti e of snow, lyilt'g nr'y th·t,p through :dl the l"orC':-l t. The ili l1icl1 lr ," of I"l'Ht"lt ill g t.:\·l'lI thi s altitude wa~ ·n r.! gn'at, n',cl1liri llg 1I10St lat)()r iolls Il l1lUg il1:,! throll ~h the thick t indll.'l' anci el l't' P dl'iflS. At th e I~X tl'l'lIlt! it' lt i ll til e ti rst "ic\\' a re the t\\"o :; ital"p cn>s ts o f HUl ith's rt'.ilk, III th e Ct'utl'r is n ullIlIiler of' gnwtl pt,: tk :" hilt nanH:- h.' ~:::, In 1'"0. 5~ lhe large rOIlIHlt~t1 sllul lllir o f "Jim" P C'I\;;. is IIlOSt proOliuC'ut. III the In.:;t o r tli e sl'l'i t's the eye i ~ c:lI' r il' t1 p a s t AlI(~ulJolt to LOlI g's P eak) a way to th e 1I 01' Ih ailou t tHIS mill' S. This lala' has nil t'1t:!\' ;lIioll or 1 ~,O( IIIIl'l't , <11111 the j\\·CI'·

a~e l.J (> i ~ht of the I'nug'c is SOIllt'. ~,(IUU ft,t.:'t nl.Jot"e it , }fos, {j~ -5G. TilE f'IWX'l' RA.i\GE,a }I i..1l1ol':tlll ic ,iew froll! Prugl'l'c t :\[on n t;...

ni H, auout t,,-o m ill'S 1I 01' tl! of th e ~ol'th llollhler. 'I' he lirst ,' jeW' to the left is oYe r til e broad pIn t e all , bonie r· ill~ the rangl', to James Peak, cli!' tallt auotlt tn-tllty lIIiles . . T ho m'xt dew iii a cOlltillllafiull o f tllc panor:llII:1. Ilort Ii U'ufll nClOSS tI.Je lI t.'adwatt'l's of rh e DOllhl er. Among'the hills ill the di s tnll tt:' lire tile t OW I1 and the falllou s uliups o f Car· illou, The to,"u of !\litldl l! DOllldt'1' alll l the reduction,wod.s are uhout fvnr lIIile:\ bdo\\, i ll th e \·alley. BerOlltl the l.Jill s the Yc'ry tip olll.Y of Al"apnlJO ca ll be H'l'l1. In No. :ili, Smi th Peak::; are. again Sli OWlI, Hllt l n portion of lit e Brl ld .)[o lilltaiu s , from lI l'a r whidl the pre viuus ~t:' rit's Wl're tal'l'lI.

No. 57, CASTLE HOC K, lX BOULDER CA~ON, lh'e miles below ) (illtlle Bonltl cl') 11 1;':1 1' th e lIeful of" the cHiio ll , It i:5 :1 so li tl III ass o f ~rallit(', stfllHlin g ont cl t' t fl(: ll ec\ fro lll the \\;\.11 13 of th e c: aiioll , the rh'l' [' tle~c riuillg a ha lf t in:le nuont it , !;\\'rellill g" t lo:·:!! to it$. baSt!. It i~ tonit-al ill rorlll, r i ~ illg to :1. lI ci::; ilt uf abu ll t 2[;0 f('e-t, nutl i:5 uUrll call ed Hn.r·S tal'i~ Hoc l~ .

No, 5S. BOULDER UA ~O :-;. Close tluth: r tlie lOire!' s itle o f Castle nock, the rh-e r Iiu g":-; its s id es so closely til :lt th e l"o :l(hnl,\' is f{JfCCU (Q it!:l1I the !:i tt"<:::IIlI, ns s liowll ill the " kw, ami '(l ll tl\\' ,luw ll the 0 l*po~i lc !'it lc ulltil til e salllc l'ulJtiiliollS O(;t' lIl' a;pti ll, Tile ruuliway is :J. lUO:-;t CX(;e llc ll t UII(', unilt uuly ath'l' c;rea t

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1873 SEItlES. 53

labur aUfl expen~e. The cniion is abont sef'cnt{'e.u mil{'s in lell17tu cntth.., de~~) dC)Wll thl'Oligh the wetunlorI>hl~ rocks of

0' ~. I. ' I r b -the foot,hills, so t nt III sOllie JlIClce~ tue SIC I?:i 0 t e callOll l'i:)c up u~nrly 3,OUO tt.a~t abo\'e its bed. ~he Ci1~iboll mines. at tbe head of thi:t cailon, arM among the rlcl!e:;t III (Jol()r,ltl~, ntHI tho transport"atioll b~tween thelll aud rlllirmul COIllIUUIll'

cation pnssto~ through this caiion. . In tlJi:s view the ~ides or Ci,sUe Rock rl$8 lll) abruptly to

its fnll hei1rht, showin lT tho perpennictllar fnce 011 Ule left. No. 59. CARIIJOU. A lIIinillg.to;'u of some 300 iuhabitants, sitI!ate'l1

hi .. ,h l:p 011 the ,'oot hill:3, nbnnt the lIealhvaters of tile )hddle n;l1hIel'. Its elton'tion i~ O,W7 feet, being T"el'~' lI{'ar the tim· hl"r line. It is tlu~ scene of coushl~rnhle mining actiT"its, the hills all nbont being deeply fnrrowed with milws aUlI prO:5-pect,hules. The Carib,un mine, from whic~ the l?ca!ity takes its lIarue, wn~ sold to a cOlllpnuy of fOl'elgn caplt,lilsts n,r 83 000 UOO ami it iN said to lu'o\'e n gootl iuve::ltment. There ~\I'e ~th~rs in the ~mme lleighbo..tlOOd which are sait! to be equully promising. The ore occlirs iu fissurcs between the guei~:ies amI CjlUH'tziteM.

Nos. 60-62. J,\.)Ii:S PEAK amI the rau!;o nOl,tbu-ard, n pClnoramic view froni a high puint east of the peal~, at uu ele\'ation !>f l:?,~O,O feet. the t,euk btillg 13,~8:J feet llbo\'c tlle sen. It lS on the nUlill dh'itle, which, at tlli~ POillt, turos shal'ply to the west, (lescribill" n grt!nt nrelt arouud to Omy':; Peak ami l\louut RO:lalie. t"'Like the I"('~t of the range, it i:oj of metclO1orphic rucl" gneiss and ~chi~t pl'edollliuntiug. To thc lefc, ill ~llo distance of the first T"iew, is a RIHu' of Purrs's Peak, ,,'blCb lies close tu llel'thond Pass. In tho uext \'itHv we IHwe a contilluation 1l01"thwartl, showing a def!p, suo,\\",ftlletl \'alley amI IHltntoroUs Inke~, lIot Jet ft'e{'tl fmm their icS bOllllagl·. Lc:ulilw np to tlw l'itrht is the tmil frum tilt, ~onth Ihmltter, on·r tot"':\lidcllc l'al'k,o .A. wagoll,mlltl is ill the COlll'::I~ of c~ollstruc, tiOll that \rill aft'ortl easy ac(~e:i~ to tha 11:H'k. 'l'uis i~ lwown 11M jnuws Pa:)~. III So. O!! the \-icw is due north ton"anl .dfilpuho \\'ho~e s'lllCll'e,toPl)l'll slllllmit ,001l1s lip in the elistance th~ nho\re the surrolluding l'nnge; and f"I'OIU It the mountains sweet) down in ullclntutillg' liut!$ to the foot,hills, that apllNlr almost as a rolli.ng prairie.

No. 03. FIWZE~ IJAKE, NE~n l~OO'l' OF J.\llES PE,U\:, tho ~onl"ce of Full l-tiver. Oue of tholl~lUHls ~ilUihu', scattel'ecl all o\'cr tbe JUountain r,\llfre; SUlall lm:-;ill~ tilled with tho 'l"uters fl'OfIl tue 1II1'ltiurr SUo\r: alill rlllllaiuiu!!ice-iocketl ulltil fat, illt,) the :;Ulll-~, ~ I .

1Ilt'I'. The\" will ;\\·t'rage 1'1'0111 two to t Il'ce aCI'~::t III extent, amI ral'l'l,r"t·xccl!tling n half mile ill ltmgth: III thi$ \'iew \l"e tiee olle of the gt'cnt SII()\\",fie\cl:l that l'~IIUlIll all SlllUlllel' long, fl'ellill" the thull~alHl:i or little lH'ool~M tbat gather together illto t~o gl'l'at streulIls, whh:h water the plaiu~ aud tl'ans, iOl"lu the willlerlle:;s iuto smilillg ganlells. .

No 0-1. GEORGETOW~. ..c\. ,"ie'" froUl the ~ulIllllit of tho trail leading fa'um the ndley beit)\\" to Empire, at all elevation of about one tholl:mllli feet nhu\"c the creek. The town bas :1. pOllulatiull of ahout 3,UUU illbauitmlt~, tlae ontgrO\vtll eutirt!ly of "he Yet's cxtell~h'e millill~ nlltH'atiulI~ carriecl 011 ill the iUlllIt!cliato udtrhbol'honcl. It lic:i on Ull'IU' Cl'eek, :about tifty Illiles tIue \\"c:~t rrom lJl?u\'cr, aUlI ut the head of thij 0Ileu \'alley,

54 )8;3 SERIES.

likc caiion. Dac'k or the to\fn the stream fOI'k~, I.(':w('lI\forr It ~IOlllltnill stmuting betwt'cn, nu\1 pas~(·~ np in l'lIpitlIJ'II~(:('''tliug entions to tho "('l'y baso of Gr .. y':i Ulltl 1'm'I't'y's Pl)al~~. Upon the left is Gl'iflith )Iolllltuin, o\'et' which n. \'l'I')" ~h·t·l) alllt sinuous traillt'nl1s to Idallo Springs nud to Chicagu J...al~~. Tho 'elenltioll of Georgl'to\\'u is S,41~ f{'~t. Bl~illg so lIe:ll' tbe well,ku()Wll G ral"s Penh: l'egioll oft hl\ mOllutains, 'it is nllwh fl'eqll('uted by .,leasnre,seel\eI'N nud tOllrist:), the mil· road fruna DCII\'pr nflordiug t'a~y m:ceS:-1.

Nos. 65-70. A l'.A.~On.A.:\IIC YIEW OF l'UE l<'no~'r R,.\~GE OF TilE HOC:KY l\(OUN'l'AINS, FHO)I NEAU GI~.A.l"'S A.~D TORREY'::; PEAI(S,' sweeping the hnl'izoll ill e\'er)" directioll, nne) ill<:ilUlillg tile 3(iOO in th" nhO\'e six \'icw:04, which CIIII he.ilJjllcellu~l'lhcl' n!\ oue. The nt'~.a emht'ncl,ll is ubuut on~ hUlIc1red mltl fifty miles ill dial1letm', extellcling from Long's Pl!ali 011 the north to Pike's ill the southemit, to :\Iollut Lincolll ill the south, :unl the Bille Uh·cr MOllntains to tlae \\,f!~t. 'file ~t.nlltl,poillt is upon ].(cCll'Jlnu :\lolliltain, lL ~pllr rllllilillg 1I00'thwill'Cl frolll Gray's Pca)" extending e\'elll nully clo\\"u to Leanmwol'th l\Iollntain, back of Geol"gt'towu. Thel'o nt'O st'n'ml rich mil,tos npol1 it, at Ull tolo\'atioll of l~,UUO fet~t, IUlcl UpOIl the sumlUit, in thl~ unre ~l»nces mnong tbe ~1I()w,dl'in~, am frc· cllleutJy,occUl'ring Rtuk~s, marking ~Ollle OlW'~ "claims," Iu the fh:)t \'it~w, :Xo. O.j, Ul'l~ the twin pl'nli:;, (;a'as amt 'fOl'l'€'y, uamecl from the t\fO colhlhomtCJl's ill science, wlao hll\'c dono so much for theil' mlU~f, nOlollgthe~e 1I1f1lllltaius. They are \'tor~' lltoarl," of l!t]llal height, Gmy beiug 14,341 ft·et nnt! Toney 14,330. 1;'1'0111 peak to lwak the dishmce is neiu'ly lL IIIi1e, uoct tlarollgh thili ~iuld)e is a "pas:i" fa'om Georgetown to the inining,towlIS ou tbe Hlue Uh"er. 'fhe tl'ail I"UOS lll' the long ridge towlu'd GI'aY, IUld tucll turns to the t'ight. Its course can be set:n by looking ~ha .. ply ",hfre tho ISlIo\\",bunl,s cut ncl'OSS it. The combiug cl'e~t of ~now at the sUlllmit fI'e· (Juentls Jies all snmmel', allli it thcn becoUle~ neCtoS8nl'S to tllllllt>l nuder it, so tLaat tho pack,allilllill~ llJay pa:;~ O\·er • To the right of TOl'l'e~', own)' in th., (li~tallce, ncross ~lilldle l'>~\1'li, ure the Blue ni\"l~r MOllutains, theil' glittt'l'iug SUO\V-fi~ldl:S ulone making tilem \"i8ihle. •

Iu the second of the ticritls, ~o. 00, is a wilderuess of snow· strl'llli(ld lUoulItaitl StllIIUlitS. III the fOl'cgrollntl, lookiug awns dowil iuto the \·ullfY 2,OOU feet betow, is the miuing. l"t'gion tbat ouce ga\'e Bal"el "ilIe a name aud prominent place ill the milliug IlislOl'Y of tile ~\Test. No. 67 is ,'ery lIelll'ly tlue lIort1l, looking dO\fll on the spur of Mount :\IcClel. lun, nlld c1h'ectly opposite fl'UtII Gl'ay'e; Peuk. Beyond, Jamel:S Peak, nud tile rnllge about it. In the distnnce, we can clisC~I'11 ilwny off upou thc horizon Long's P~ak, ami the range runlling lft!st fl'OIll it, t'ol'lllillg tile bOllntlary between X01'tb. E\ud :\JithJle Pm'lis. Nus. OS aud 00, elll'l'y tlle \'iew urollud to the emit ami to ·the twin llenks, E,'alls nnd Rosalie, wllicb. lie allll()~t directl,r betwe~1I Ollr point of view nnd Dl\U\'er. Tht'y Ul'l~ d~tat1tecl f .. olU th~ lIJuiu Dlotlntnill l'nuge amI stnud ont thuu it to the em'lt, nlld ure eons~qlleutly tLae mo~t pl'OUliueut, ns t-lcc.m fl'UUl Dcn\'el'. To the left, ill tho lust ,·jew, is a t'~ulUl'lmhle squure,tuPllt:'tI IIl0ulltnill, mIlled 'l;'uble :\Iotlllt· aill. net ween it mltI oUt'staod'lJOiut is Argentino Pn~s, o\'er

1t;73 SI-!RIES. 55

",bich a ta'ail has \I(!en consh'udell into the ,'nllt"- of the Uhw, "ia Snak~ lUn!r. 'l'ho ~Ullillait of tho .,a~:i 'i:; uhuut l:J,lOO It.'l't. ubu\'c the Sl'a, ~o,'O COUll'ldcs tho pillloramu, nlill bl'illgs us nrollllli to whm'u wo COlllllH!lICl'll, rhe higb, IlrOlllilll"lIt. point in our \'jew being tho ~lImlllit of )[Ulillt )lcCldlalt. urul connects hy a low salhll~ with Gra," nUll 'l'ur .... 'y, l'lcClelluu is lmt'l littlo belo\\" Gmy, beillg L3,!:!:: tc~t biJ!h,

~o. 71. CUICAGO J..,AJi:ES. Lsing nt the foot of 1\I011ut nosnlit~, tbe SOl1rce of Chicago C .. ~tk, uUII the most t>ietul'e~tt"e IIlUulltniu lake ill Colomdo. They are high upon the mountain, just at tho \'el'~e of timber,lille. hu\'illg;tll l"lenltiou ot' 11,HHJ feet, the tiluumit of Ummlie, sbuwu ill tbe ,·iew,.ht·illg !!,:3.J::; feet higher. Another lnkl', of ellunl ::;ize nUll SlllIIO chamctCl'is· til:S, lit'S up on the plateutl, on'r which the eascmle flows. }'I'OUl thu higb I)oint ou the left n dozeu lakelets Ulay h~ seeu s(mttel'e,l nbont at tUO'el'ent ehwations ill this salll~ \·iciuity. '1'lIi:\ loweL'luk~ contains mauy trout, not l'ery lllrg~, but most deliciolls, the wllter in wbicb they lh'e COlUing dir"ct from tbe IHlre snows uho\'e, nuel retaillillg lUI icr cuhltll'ss,all tbe sunlmer, The lakes nre cJistalit fl'OIl1 Ueol'getuwll Hud I,labo Sprillgs ubout sixletHl mill's, the lal'lt tin, of which are o\'t~r a ,'ery rOll~h trail; hnt, notwithstanding tbe dimcnltie~, lIII\ny tfll.\'elel'~ \'i~it tbis phu:e, both 101' thu r.ne :;ceutH'Y Ullli tor &

1IlPSS of the best tro\tt. in the lIIOllll tn i Il~. ~os. 7~, 73, ERODED SAt'tDS'l'OXES l~ )[Oxu)n~:'{'l' P,-lRrc, Sitnnh?fl

lIpun a SllIull tributlu'y of l\IOIl1tlllrllt Cl'<!ek, ubunt uinu milp.s nortb of Colorado City. 'I'h~ Dt>u\'er uud IUo (iI'uIH.l~ Hail· roml, a nal'row'gauA'e road, l'lIIlIIing south froll1 Dellt't'I', plllises IWI'OSB the lower eml of the plIl'h:. The I .... st illh!rcdt· iug grollp:i, howen'r, lie hawk two ClI' three lllil .. ~ frolll it. l;'or eomplett' descl'iptiou, ~<!o XO:l. 15'-WU of l<i'O sl'l'i<!s,

No. 74. GATEWA.Y '1'0 l'nE GARDE~ OF l'ln~ GODS, about thl'u~ miles aho,'~ Colonlll0 Cit,\". '£\\'0 \'t>l'fical wnlls of red lilluth;tcine, 3;JO tl'et ill hl'ight., tho spact:! lJ~t\\'(,'~1l them b<!illl! a lll'l'fl!ct gntcwu,y. .For (lll'lhl"l' dl':i(:riptilJlI, Sl'e ~o, au:;, I:;;:! ~ ... l'il'S.

Xo.75. C,\'J'IIEDI:AL ~PllU~S, in thl~ Uartl"11 of th,l~ GUlI~, just ill:;itle the gateway shown iu the 1'1'C\"ilill~ \"il'\\', talllllillal'l·t~ ami ~ph'e~, neellie-like iu their Pt.>I'tt-ct ~ylUlUctl',\". Thl'Y un' th~ i'ernunfits of the same tll'lift('" ~tl'tltn. of l'l'tl snut1:;tollc~ thnt "m'nt the walls of the gntcwuy. 1'he tallest $ph'e i:s about :!t.lO fect iu height" '

:Xos, 70-78. A PA~WR.A'l[[O VIEW Ol~ l'[I\E'S PEAK, in tllrm,~ ~t'(·tiou~, witb its east~rn Split'S; fmll1 the \\'~:;tCI"1I edge of the J[e~a, lyillg bl'twccU tb" tOWIl of Culor.ulu Spl'ing's nud th~ UUl'tlcll of the Gods, III ~o. 'iU we han~ that. pUl,tion which extl'lHl:l out to the l'dgeut' the plaill, a l)()M Pl'OIllOl1tor,r,liI~l' h~atl,lmJ(lt kno\\,,11 us Cheyentlu l'[oulltaill, ha\'ing all l'l~\'ntioll of 4,01)0 t~et. ubo\'e th~ plaiu. It has IInlllY pictlll'l'::lqU" Il-atllrt'~, nud isslu'e to cmgage the uUulltioll of the tra\'l'lel', Along its 1I01'tit f1lce, Rill' exhmdiug hehilld it, ure Cheyt'uue Hluillear Caii, OilS, extrelll~ly wild uUlI l'Ilgged, alld pietlll'csc}ue gorges, the fll'~t'lIalllccl ha,"illg se\'ural \'<!I'Y 6110 wuter,t'all!i and cascades. In thfj lIIirldle di:;talll:~, nhullt three will'S aw:\.\" is rhe oM tllWIl of Vulul'Clclo City, hllilt ill J;o;;j!), Ilm'illg tht:! tin .. t. IlaYIi of tile Il Pil"l~'S Peak" excitemeut. . ..:\1tlwllgh LJl'llshiug up aud

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im(ll'm'ing under the influence of the influx of ~1lI11,11\('I' tCllll'i~l~ Yet it iR lll'h .... O"l'I'~hadowet1 ill' mon~ Jlrch'lItjllll~ I'h'uls, 'The tOll'll of C~'lol'Ucl0 Slu'iugs lic's auout. t\\'o Iuill':( to tht! cast. nuel )lflllitOU, whel'l~ tho t1(ll'ing~ m'(", the :-::lIJIl' c1h;tfl"Jico \fest. 1·'01' c1escription of ~prillgs, ~ee Xu, 151, l~;U sl'l'il's. 111 the sl'eolHl "jew wc hal e the iult:I'lIlet1iate l'Ul'tiull of the rallg<'. with Cnmcwu':i COliC ns the prulllim'lIt lwillt, III the michlle (1i~talll:c arc. some of th~ uptl1rucll I:'trata, which form a portion of tbe Gnnlen of thc GUlI~.

So, 78. PU(E'S PEAK, flsseell Inoldngu\'l'l' th~ walls (Ii' the Garlh'lI or tlte GO(I~, nUll dishtllt, iu nil ail',lillt!, ubout ten mill'S, It~ dcnl, timt flll()n~ the ~C:L is U,~lG, feet, nlHI aho\'c t:uIOl:~Hlo City 7 S24: n.· ... t. It i~ ('lIth'l'lr c1etnl'iwtl froUl the malll I'nllgl', 1~ iug some scn'>lItr,lin" miles to tbe ~nst of it. \yith its ~P"l'S, it forlUs the' sunth('u$teru botl11l1nl'Y of Sout 11 , ParI,: ,A bout two ltIile~ llC'yoml the g;ll'd~lt, the FOllutUtll qlll lluuille 1Iows dowu thl'ongll lL uurl'o'" rugged caiiulI, kU?Wll us Ute Puss, on!!' which lL l'ond Ilus b~l~lt cou::;ll'lIct"d llIto f:iolltb P;U'k.

'I'he peak o1ft:'r~ no great t1itncnlti()s in the a~celtt, nnd Jntl,ly n good truil hali b~etJ built to the Slltllllllt, $0 tilat Imcltlle·lluimnls lUll\" be lIst'tl tllt! ~util'c elistance. •

Thc SigIUlI,Sl'l'\'icc D11l'('illl of the Ullited Statl's ,Auuy haye e~tabli~hetl a statiou npClll the slllUmit, amI tile obscl'\'cl'S hnt'e tnkt!1l np tht'il' l't'~itlllllce tbl:re, isohtliug tbcUlscln.·s cOllll'let~lr, tal' lL long nncll1l'tl ill'y winter.

Xos.70-84: . .A P ANORA:'IIA J~ S}X :;l::CTlO~S FRO:\l 'J'IIE StT:\D~IT OF )[ ~tJN1' JJI~C:OLN sihllltt·tl Ut'Oll the we~te"ll e~tL, ... ltl(~ 01 South 1 ill'k, " '.. "d' 'I " I' I tllilrlnl t ' tletach~tl fruOl tlae mUlli l'tlll~C t)1' tue t\'lC l~, W IIC 1

'=' .I , P 1 ' h('l'e turliS nbrl1(Jtly to the we:;t, to T~lllles~eo , :1S:';, nltc Its junctiull wilil the Sawntch mugu. Jt~ dc,'utuUl, b~' care, fulh',computed IIIl'flSltl'em ... nt~, i:; fOUUlI to bc 14,~ni ft!d, '{'crr much less than WIlS snppose," fUf IL long tilUP. It is thc hi!! hp~t point in that Sinn' or clmtitm,ltiem uf the ~<ll'k l',mgl', which extend as far sonth as Buffalo Peaks, l'UlllJlug IUlr;,llel to t.h" Snwntch muge 011 the Oth()f side of tlt~ AI'kn!l~ns. At its feet, t'xtending ea~twal'd, is South Park, comln'lsl~lg f;OIllC ~,5UO tiql1ill'e l1lill~~,in extent, nllcl bnt1ullt!t1 oll.t.he <11~· tant hcu'izon l>y the luft~' con(\ of Pike's Penk., The floor of the pilrk is COllll)~st!cl of.l\~t1in~entar,\· rock~~ \"illCh IUl\'e h~en liltetlilcarly to tLJe t't:l'Y SUUlOllt or :\[ount Llllcolu. A. sectlon through the 1lI011utuil~, as I'en~~led upo,u its sides, ~ho\\,g, ~r~t, at its bn~l', micu SChl~h;, llasslllg up 10tO quartzItes. 'rlten COIllt'S llenrly n thousand f~et ;of Ihue,~tones, ,in the u»l'~r 1101·tiol1 of which occur the richest· slh'er,lUllles. ..:~ I hill, hl\'Cr of decolllposed silndstone fonow~, cilllpetl by n ,hl"o of }U;t'phYl'itic rock, furming the summit of t~o 1l1011lttnin.

I ... ouldllg to the soutu, in ~o. 79, ~\'e see ~1~nIlt Bl'uss, 10,ng f~tIllCllI::l 1'01' its gt'l'nt wenltb of slh"er·benrlUg rocl,s. 1ho tomaH bni1tlhws near tile ~ummit on th~ left CO"~r the )Ioose ll1illE~ the l'icl~st on the 1I1onntuiu. Its wbole fiteO lll\~ ul'eu l'lo,,,~c1 nml flll'rowed O,'C,lr by th() prospec'tor, allll is fait'I.,"", c'o\'et'l'd sometimes by those Ntleldng lt~W .lt~n'I(!pnwllts ut tlw precions miul'ral. ACI'OSS its fnee two long hu()s (';1n he u'u(!t'II: the llPPl'I', a \\'a:,!on,roac1 thnt h:l~ hll l'lI ('Olt:.;t."uc:teel jl'ltW tile nlllloY l>t!low to the \'t'l'Y SUlUWlt of )lomtt 141!1Culll,

Hi73 SERIES. 57

"in the low sntlllll~ which s('pal'lltps tho two 1l10nntnin~. 1'lto IctW~I' Hit" iN the olel "tm il" thut. W.lli tl'U \"t·lt!ll It)' h:u'cly Httle u j;ld~s," laclt'll with ~Il\lplil'S for til" tIIinel'li I!'oing lll', Ulltl WIth t-::lCl,:4 ut' m'l' going down. Away to the exh't!llIe left is n l'OI'tiun of Suuth Park, allel ill th,e di~t:lnc~ 011 tlu~ right the coutillllatioll of tho l'i\uge uloug it~ uxis to the Dutti,to l'~nk~. ~o. 80 is more to tlH~ 'n~st. 1'he fonogrollucl iii the contin

uation rmlll Dros:c to IJineolu. At tile right urc the bllildiug~ of tlw ~lolltC1.Ullln mille, ouly one lUlIulrcll teet below the ~ullJltlit, nUll the higlll':it mille ill the Unite(l States. In the distance ili .. he Sawatch mnge, I~'iltg west of tb~ Al'lmmil1:4. 1'he pr()lIlin~llt peill~s ill the rungu ure Grund, Elbt!l't, 1 ... 1, I'lllta, mul H;1n"ul'll, the highest mountains iu th~ whole UC)cl~r lIolllltaill chain. .

In tht! Ilcxt \'il~w, n\\"ny in the (listnllc~, is a di~taut \'i~\V of the llluulltain of tlw flol,\' C"O$~, (lOG.) The def'p ulIIphitheu· tcr at 011'1' f,ol't i~ the Itl'lUl 01' Munt~ulll~Q' Gulch. Ucyomt, in the mill,lIe di:4allcP, lil'~ 'rt!une~~t!e !')n::;s. ,i\ronncl to thu lIorth, ill ~u. S~, the pl'Ullliuent lluint. in the \'i~\\' i~ Qnundury Peul" a ft!\\' fl't't only bt'low Liltculn. Away ill th.., di:itancti is tile nlll~ H.i\'(~r range. NI), S3, thl! fiftb in Ule ~l'l'i~s, lunks dowlI a Spill' of r ... ilu:oln, O\'er Montgomery, 3,500 ft!et l>t!lo\\', 011 the Pta ttl', so fur b~lo\V Ill') to be out of Mig-Itt, acrO~i Uoo~iel' PU~li, u contilleutalllh'ide, the higb~~t pOint of which is 11,3U4: ft!t't nbo\'c the !:lea, nnd so into thc nLHe~' of the Blne. In th~ dhstnnec on the horizou nre Gl'UY nuel 'I'ol'I't'y'~ 1'(,>"llks. Tht! hl:(t \'jew ut' thi~ sCI'ie::l louks ea:4t, over SOllth l'~lI'k, rikl~':i P,'nk luuming up gmnell.r sc~t"elltyth·e miles aWal.\. In tlll~ ct'ute1' is Sih'cI' Heel:.;, n prumiltl!lIt p('ak from the park, of 13,8!H I'l'£'t el~\'iltinll. III th~ ,'aHc.\' bl·low h; the Plattu nin'I', t1owill~ lluWIt throngh Fairplay, nhout hfch'e lIIile~ di:;tunt~ At the font of tim NIHil' of ~IOllllt Lillcutll, which I'm'l1Ili tile! COI'l'g'I'u'md, i:i the \'iIIa~e of QIUu'tZ\-me, hul't~I,\' (U:i(!t'I'lIihle, situutt!d jn~t ill tile ""fl~l' t'(lge 1)1' the forl':;r· gl'owrh. A gl'l'at UlUIlY luillel'S climb lII' thi~ lJ~nk ~\'cry till'" fa'ont thl~ town.

X os. 8il-88. 'illE SA WA 1'<:11 R .. \.NGE, a pnuorn mic "ie\" in fonr sections, .'ml>l'Ucillg ubout l~O d~grt!e~, fl'OUl lL point u liulo Slillt" of ""l-:itOIl'~ Pm~s. The clenltioll uf the ~tnuct,pniltt is 1l,UOO feet, or nlluut 2,5UO "e~t nhc)\'c .thu Al'lmmm~ Ui\'er, jll~t lle, low. No, 85 IUlJk::l ~onth to llnft;LI" Pl~ .. ks, a \\'ell·lmowlllillUl· llIill'k, Ol~Cllpyillg th~ extreme soilthel'lI end of the' Pill'li: l'Ultgc. 'flat! next i:i of the Al'knll:m~ '''illlt'~-, ~xteltc1ing st>uth· wm't1 a!i f;u' n~ PUlicho PtlSli. In lite Cf'ltter i:i i\(ount Hall'\'unl, the higlll'l:'t ill the Hucky )[ollntnin:4. Nn. li7 lonl.::\ \\'f~t nCl'll$1i the Al'latll~;\li to th~ Twiu Lakt'~, abullt fl-II lllil~s c1istilllt. BC'\'ulltl them ~xtl'ud:i the "Illl~y or mliiult of IJake Crl!ek llI) to i:e·el ~ICll1lltailt PHS~, Oil th~ slllllmit of tlt~ rnugl.,\ The:;e IlIlw~ IH'C in the tl'Ongh ()l' ht!ll or nn old ~lcu:it!l' thnt ()Jte~ tlll~cl till' ,"allt-y, On' the right i~ nil illllllen~e latt!ral 1II00'nine hllllllClillg the lal.:e 011 thut silll!, nud 011 thl' Oth~l' i~ unorlll'r or h'~s pl'omilH!lIce. UPtHt l'ith'~I' shh- are Elbf-"rt nlUl JIll Plata Pl·;I1~:.;, till' two uext ill twight to IIm"·1l1'l1. III the Just ,·i ... w. Inuldn~ lIl·al'l~· lIurrh ru Te.'llll~:-:~we Pas~, nt the ('x· tn~Ule right, W~ :Sl'c'ill tho di~t"lIcl! tile )IOllut ot' tb~ I:llJly

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Cro~~, nnd nt th~ t~ft Graud or )ras~in.t: )folilltnills, Wll0l'l' IIt~i;.!ht is 14,3(;$ ft!et. Tellll~S~t'C l")a:;s i~ )U,.ul:> fl'ct abure l"t'a ,1t-n·1.

~o. S9. TlIl~ CPI'JW. 'i',nN LAKE. Lal~e Cl'("ek l'j:.:es in the Ill'n .. t of th~ Saw:tteh .... lIge, lleHr ned ~Ionutnin Pass, nlltl ttowillg down n ,'alle~' ot' \\'Olulerflll glaci:tl erosioll, ~I1lJltie~ itself iilto the UPI'Cl' Lake, tht'n nc:l'OSS n. UlIITt)\\' lH'el\: whidl sl'l'urates them iuto the Low~l' Lnke. The fOl'lIIel' is nllOnt olle ilntl n IUlif lI1ilc~ long, amI tim lust, thrce milt's in It'ugtlJ. nlHI occupy the tl'tlugh or bed of nil old gIHcit~ .. that ollce fillf'cl tlJi~ \'nlle~'. 'j'Lwy lIl'C well 8tocl~ed with tl'Ol1t, and, hl?ing SIIlTollllltec1 by :501lJl' of tlJc grandest lllo11lltain SCt'ul'ry ill the Terl'itoI'S, al'e (l(:lstilled to become n Hl\'orite plt'HslIl·e·l't·~()l't, A eOlllfurtnblc laul1se of enteJ'tailluwut is ah'eHd,r ~stabli:)llt.'d h,\' the Me~~r~. Dl'l'1'Y, \fho b~l\'e uoats nut.! otlIel' facilities fol' Inke-HslIiug. (8l-~ Xo,87.) .

:Xo. DO. l\lor~'l' IJ ARVARD. .A. l'i('\\"" looking sonth 011 the Arkansas I:h'l'l', fi'om a hluft' 1,HOO feet high, opposite the mouth of CI~i1l' Creek. , l\I0I111t Unl'nU'd, lying in the l'HugH west, of the ..:\l'I\an~as. amI latitutlo 380 ,45, has Hn ele\'i! tion of 14,38-1 It-d, the higilt'st ill the UocliY ~loulltClinH 'rithill the limits of tlee Ullited Statc:;. It was nntllecl by Prof. J. D. "'hitney, who ,'h;itcti thi::. re:;:iOlI in UWU, ill houor of the weH,lwowll ~eat of )('urning ill New England. In the tli~tallce ueyond ure the ~pu .. s of Yule, its summit ueiltg ouscuretl by a lllass of cI(Juds.

At the base of H~lr\;ar(t is a splendid exhibition of enor-1Il0n~ glncial action, ill the great lateral mOl'aines that sweep down to the hauli of the ri\""er •.

·Xu. 91. lJOR.AI~ES ON LA PL.\'l'A CREEK. .A grand display of grent glacial pmf"er. Upun ~ither side of the cl,~t!k are t\ro In teral lllUl'niues 3 half wile n));1I"t, thl'ee Ulile:-4 in It'ngth, Rn(l al'eraging 5(JU feet ill h~jght, as rt'gular as if plo\\'~tllll) hy Titau~. Tile griluite walls of the cHiioll nbo\'e m'e gl'ouucl aud polished tiO tillJoothly us to ~Ih;ten in the t4l1l,li~ht. Age~ past n. ~)aeier filled this caiion fh"e hllJHll'~tl to eight hlllltiretl feet ill dl'ptlJ, nlHl t\H'uty lUiles in length, di$cbargiug itself into the ,'alley of the Arlmnsa8, ns sbowu ill tlJi~ "iew, leu\'ing tlJese mute \fitull~~e~ to attest its nndent glol'Y.

,All the caiions ulong tbis fUll;!e COli tum ample e"ideuce of the saUle tl'elDelltlqus tOl'ce hUl'iug bet-I! ut work llpOU their walls:

Nos. 02-9;. PA.NORAl(lO VIEW OVER TOE SU1BUl'S OF 'I'IIS SAWATCII . RA.NGE, f1'olD the tol' of La Plata, at an t-ie"uliou of 1-l,30j

"t'~t. Thl' Nel'it>s is in six sections, embn.eing llJ~ whole hodzou. La Plata. lies ill the cellter of the 1'.llIge, ill the midst of n. ntilt wilderness of mOllntain l.caks, and we,look O\'er their summits ns O\'er t.he buge uillo,vs of n grent sell.

In uplJl"Onching the mountain \f"e ure cllablt>tl to ride ,,'itl,ill 1,500 t't-et ot' the ~UlDllIit, the reNt of tilt! Ulicc~nt being easily nccompli::;beti 011 foot, the huge block:o; of glll'i~=" of 'fhiclJ the llloliutniu is compo~ed, lwillg so disposccl ns to "fiord e~cclJt'ut footing', IiIw a grt'nt t;lnir\f:lY.

Our first \'iew is a little \r~$t of son'h, along the n~is of the range, o\'cr a ~l'eat nm~:) of llJollnt:.iu Ilcalis. In this alld the next ,'jew to the Icft, Suo 0:1, al'C tiCCIi the uUll'hithc:'tCl'::;, Ol'

1 ~'3 SERIES. 59

llemls of tlJe cations, flowing eithE'r wny, those on the right iuto the rncific autl tho~e on the left into the Atlnlltic. III thelU originated the great glaciers. To the l'iglJt, in Xo. 9-1. we ha\""o nuother glimpse of l\!Ollut Hnn"ant, sOlllewhnt dimly, a::5 it wus OUSClll'etl. uy a storm. Oil the h'ft nrc the Buffalo l>enks, Ulltl a little to tlJe I·ight of them is Pike's Peak, lIE'llI'ly a burull'ed mil~s UWU)'. In the following \'ie,," we look down acrO!'iS llJe lIwl1th of Lake Creek Caiions, 011 the Al'lmlJsas, to tbe range about l\(OllUt Liucoln, in the distance. No. 96 cnrries tlJe "it-w nround to tlJe uOlth. Prominent on tho right is Elbert's I)l'ak, Ilumed fl'om one of Colorculo's gon'rlJo,,~, aud \Vhich is 14,3:!-1 feet high. Next it, ill tlIe (listallce, aro the Grnntl aud Uoly Cros~ Mountains, ntHt on tbe left the same wilderness of umueless peaks, III tho last \'iew o}' the series, No. 07, tl.le eye follows up Lnke CI'eek to its souI'ee, about ned :\[olllltuin Pass. lleyoud tlJe pass t1. little wny is Gl'izzly l\[ouuhlin, so ultlUtnl fl'OIU the Dumber of ul?ar$ seen auout it, nnd awny in the distance, to its right, nre the Elk llotllltains; tlJe glistelliug white face of Snow iHass, with thc Capitol and SOl'ris still tal'ther to the right, being distinguishable.

No. 98. SNOW MASS MOUNTAIN AND ELK LAKE. TlJe Elk J\[ountains lie ,\""e~t of the Sa\\'utclJ mnge, occupying n triangular spac~, bouudetlupou two facea by the Graml nlllI Glillui~on Rh'ers, and upon tlJe otlJer by the uanin rango, iuclosing nn areu. of nbout 400 squnre miles. The center ot' the ruuge (the Ileak hi ollr "ie,\"" being one of tlJt' highest points) is compolled of granitic rocks ns " \:ore, nbout \rhiclJ, upon e\'el'y ~ic.1e, are tippet{ lip the seclhueutnry l'Oclts iuto curiollsly-castellated lU()nutaill~, to nn nhuost eC)tlnl ht'ight. '

Upon the oPl'ol:lite fate of this mountain, as shown in the ,"il'''', i:5 n similar uWl'hitheuter flllt>tl with sno,,', un iUlInellse mHS:i, uue mile in length b,\' n. half mile in bl'endth, aud of great (It'pth. It is tbis feature that ~in's it its grcat promilIence, us ~;eel1 froUl the (·ast. 'fhe Inke ill the foregroUlul is nbuut olle hnllth't'cl t\crt.'s ill extl?ut, uccnpyillg all olel glacier .. bcd. titillueHl'cr is au es:poslll'O of glacicrslIloothed gl'anite, with n stmucled bowhlt'l' l'(!stiug Ul)OU it. The height of SUO\V' l\Ia~5 i\[otllltniu is 13,UOl "t!~t.

No. 99. l\LuwoN lloUN'l'AIN,lyiug " little south of east from Suow )[ass, fmlll Ileal' which this '"it>w wa~ tuken. Ele\'ntiou of stUlIlI-l.oint, 1!!,30() feet, The lUoliutniu is entirely of selH-1Ut.·utm'~· l"ock~, with tho exception of n few dikes, lying in wcll-deliul'd ~tl'ata of Cat:bOllifcl'Ol1S snrulstollt!s ot' n dt't'p l'ich mamou color, dipping to the 1I00'th.' 'fhe loug lmr,'OW l'itlge l'llUlliug Ul» 10 tlJe 1II0uiltnins s<t:}Jclrntes tlJe 'faters ot' Hock C .. e~k fl'om tlJose of l{oal'ing Fork. Ele,'atioll pf :\[uroou ~[ountnin, 14,000 feet.

No. 100. TI:E..1.~l'RE l[OUXT.l.(~t a ,'jew looldng in nn opposite direction, or llil'l'ctly \f"est f!'OUl the sUlue stulItl.point, ;L'i ill the preceding \'iew. It is thl' ItlO~t welitcru spur of the Elk llountniu, lying west of I:ock C.'eek. It~ bl'oad l'idge,likt> sllllllllit has au "'Ie\'utiou of about 13,~50 te~t.. Almut it~ southet'u f&lce the illflu~tril)lIs lu·ospector has ullca!'thetl ~OfllC ,'cl'y dell ~il\'t'r,ol'es, ntHI nh'ccLlly 'Illite n :iettlcllleltt of Ulh'~I'~ bas collectt.'ll tOl' the pm'pusc of \\'ol'ldllg them. '1'he lU()lIIuuin wus uamed ou accuuut of this wealth which its l'ocks coutain.

60 1873 S~R(ES.

~o. 101. A VlEW OF TDE ~lOr~TAINS LYING NORTll AND WEST FIW'( SNOW l\(ASS olle of its '1t'lll~H Bhowing npOll the l'xlI'CI\II' rio·M. A litt'le to its Jt·ft is the CUl'itol: olle of tlw Pl'Ollllall'llt )J;'lk~, IlS seen from the east, ali(I whose t'I,C"atlioll, i~l 1:',~,:.!~» tel't. Th~ st.'atinet1 l'ocl~s sllown in the YIe\\' Hl\'C U!l'll Ill,

\'e.-tetl h\' Romo cOll\'lllsion, Ulatt occurred in all inn!l'se ol'tll'r fa'om tllO'~e Ilt'nl' b~', h~ phlce. Coming tlo,,"u fl'OI~1 the SIIOW, 1ieltlt:; nt the fuotofthc p~;lks is Hock Creek, tutllbhll~ on'r the J'Ot:li~ iu (l, IUO~t beuutifnl s~rit~s of casCluleR, fully uno fl'Ct in hl'iO'ltt:. IlIIlIIediutelS above the Cuscmles is l~lk Lake, (XO, 9$,) llct7>w tbt~ cI'~ck tlO'\""~ down tbl'ongh a Ytn-y del'p gm'gt', :mtl nstill :Jeeper nm\ ll:ll'lwrcaiioll to it~jullCtiOIl with the ,Ga-antle.

~os. 102-104. A PANOltAlllO YlEW' OJ.. .. TilE ELK M<?UN'l'AI~S, I~l thl't!e Rections froUl Uf'ur 'Vhitc nock J\IonntnUl~, emhrnc:JlIg tht' sontherl~ half of the horizon. The first vicw is of 'Yhite Hock, 10okiuG' west from a louO' spnr 01' shul'p didding cre~t which s(!l'nrates two hll'O'e nrupt.ithentel'S, oue 011 tbe right llchotH~h, illO' iuto East nh~!r till tho 1I00't.h, nml the OthCl' ,ia. Tt.>(l(~alli Cl~t'k 011 th~ south. This mountain i~ n portioll of the mai!l grnuitic curl' l>xtt'ndiIlO' llurthwnrtl to th~ Snu\\, Mn::s, Capl' tol, alltl Sopl~i~, nnd it:; ~o nnmed f1'oll1 n lllilt:;S of Iight:colm'ell rocl~ di~hltegl'Rtillg illto snlld, tbat bl't'Hkl'l out upou Its summit.' The lu!iO'ht of \Yhite Hoel, is 13,847 th-t. In the south, ns showll iu N';,. 103 is tbe beautiful pYl'nwitlallllOtlllt~lill Teoculli, tlt'rh'illg its u'ume f~om. tbe Aztc~ fltlcrifieilll, p,HUlUid, or teoce,l/i. Its uppcr portIOn IS of bl-autlftlll~'-strntifictl ~alUlstoue, ri~ing by stt!ps and broken .Into III any Ilttl~ sh~I'p pIIl~mcles mid to\\'ers. It is best seeu trom the opposite sille. (:See No. 31 oftbe following'v x ::; series.) The tllil'tt ,"iew cmbl'lwes some of the bigbl"st nml IlIOst conspicllons of the sillgl1lnr salldstone peaks ',,"hich sllrrouud the cellter ?f the ran~e. Chief nmOllO' them is Castle P~ak, from tbe weird to\l'e .. ~, by which its c~Utl'ut pryamitl is flanked o~ eithel' ~icle., It is It.

hright, rich rell, distinctly ~alllled by Its s,trnttficatl?U, R1lltll ri$ing up in sharp l>lade-hli8 crests to t Ie ~Ullll1l~t. s ele,utioll is 14,100 feet, nntI that of 'reo(mlh l3,~,-1 feet. This side of Cnstle Penl, Ene two Jesser pyrnmitls, ,"el'y charnct~ristic or thc system, nlHI pl'es~nt their pecnlt:ll'itit>s 1I100:e c1istilletlr. Awny ill es.tl'eme dlsblllce the brond ~tllUmlt or Grizzly uut! the sharp crcst of L ... 1>latl1 m'o distinctly Ewen.. ' .

No~. 105, 1UO, 107. TilE MOU~T OF 'l'tIE HOLY. CROSS, tbree news, showillO' fii'st tile nllproac,:lw:i fl'Oli1 a cli~tance, theu the c~o~s

, il~cll·, f~OUl n, higb l'oiut inltllctiiatel.r opposite; mHl ~hll'd, the Rocllea 7Il011tOlll,etW, or Sbeep,Bnck(!t! UUdiS, shoWIl In the \slilt'S of tbe fh'~t "iew. .

Tbe following extmct!\ from n. lI~t.ter, by Pl'Of. \V. D. ~hltner, of Yale College, wbo uCl:illlll'Cllliect tll" [lilrty to the Slll,l1l.llIt ?f,the 1ll01lut, del'icl'ibes the sel'il-s pCI'!"ectly, nUll SOUle of tbe t1t1licnllle~ encountered in f;ecnrill;,t the l'iews:

l\[O~DA. Y, Allgnst :!-lth,-1.'he 1'Iollnt ,or the Hol,\' Cl'O~S ~las been thorongh)\" tlolla nt IU$t but nt n cost of tlllle and tabol' wluch 'fili; IIOt at all nnticipalet1. It :uay he 0111,\' afwr )"fAill'~, if at all, that nnutitt!l' l?:ll'ty will trS to l'('ll(,:1t, the n~cellt; still, SUUlt! lJl'iuf l't'cltal of OlU' expcrwllce IlIay lIot b(' withont itt:; \'Itlue. . ' , ,

Thl'l"\! i~ n hl'U:\cl \-anl'l', Cilfl'yllIg a \"('r.v II(',,,'S t:l'l,t!h:, ",luch l'tlll!i ~1a" rectly dO\fU frow tile waiu peak, a little ellst of uurth, to Ilcal'ly the sIte

1873 SERIES. 61

of the cnmp at "'hieh my I{'tter It'ns begun. This \-nll~s ",as form~rl,r the bell ot' II glacim',nncl its bottoms nlHI it~ :o;itit's, lilt to a thon~IIt1t1 ted 01'11101'0 nho,-c the bottom, nre l'ollmlNt nlHl ~(:nt'l'll by the action of th~ iCt'. Per)U1l':i tbere iii IIOt in 0111' whole country snch nn e.1hibiricln ot' whnt the French call ,'oelle, mOllt()m,iea, or "sheep-backed rock:ol," that lonk in the di~tilllce, nanu~I.r, like l\ flock of enormuus ~heep lying "0\\'11 ill l\ I)[1Sture. As all example of this particllhu' kind of glacial Hctioll, our trip ccrtaiul,Y has fUl'uished uothing to compare with it, e\'en dista.ntly. Tilke such a nllley, with the ~heep'\lllclit:; l'ising Illlywbel's from t~1l to tift,r feet o\-er it, or brok'·11 ridges tbnt ntlol'll no cOlltinuolls patbwllY, and witb lhe interstice::l filled with fallt'u timbel', nutl yon will I'l~lulily (lercc.h-e tbat trn\"eliug in it is no pnlitime; yet nil ntleml,ts to ~cale tbe mountaiu mnst stnnd in some .. elution to tllis \"lIlley, nod tllnt :although the l'illge on neither sille reaches the penk without u deep hollu" iuterl"ening.

\Yt'Il, our attempt WtlS mmle up tbe ",estt'rn ridge. It was not har(t to nscend from the creek-\"all~r to the ellgs of the l'idlte, but tbere the fallen timb~l' grew 'forse aUlI WOl'se, nUll twice the tl'uin trns tUl'Detl hack, 011 both arlUS of the ridge, aud bml to cum)J :at e\'eniog nt hardly two bmlfR' distullce from ,the stalting-poiut. A lighter p~U'ty Ill'xt day, well armed with axt's, (mt their wily thl'Ollgh, anti renched first a higll poiut at the edge of the l'iligp., 1,3JO fe~t ubo\"e the nlJley, aUlI commanding a spleodi(l \'i~w both of it, '"ith its glacial l)ilenOlUeull, lLutl of the [It'uk bcyond; how Sl)I~IHlid, lit·. Jn~ksou':ll.hotographs, taken froUl the spot, will by nml by ~bo\t'. Two cour~es were uow open: Oll~, to },lunge into the ,'nIle.\' 011(1 wOI'k up it us fur ;lS 110::l!:Sible below; the otber, to Inbor along th~ edge to 1\ point ueurly oppo~ite the I)cnl" mitt try to' get tlo",u ther~. It. wns, perbuJl::l, one of tlJO:3e CUSCli whel't!, which~\-er ultel'lHlti\'l1j olle tnlies, he will be sorry not to ha\'t~ taken th~ othN·; at lllly rate, we rouk, nft~l' cnl't~flll c,,"~itl~ratiou, th~ lil'St, nlHl woultl all '"is6 auy other p:n'ty by all mealls to ta')" the st!colltl, which is probably practicable. For the pillug~ wus a IUllg and se,'el'e one, alltl, "'ith oltr utmo~t eHarts, \fe could get but n. mile up through tbe lilUt!.\', lel\\'illg hV9 bOlli'S amI a half of hUl'l1 ~cralDhling lJetwet'u OUI' tinal camp nlLtl the lJottulll or th~' peak, with the heu\'y gt!otletic auc.l photo~rnphic UPIUL· ratu~ to ('ators. Nor \\'a~ the food for the;, nu;muls sl~mciclltly abUlulaut Ululnutritiolls helow.

Next {]ny, setting out soon nfter daybreak, tbe·ascent wns nttcOlpte(l by t\VO parties; th~ I.hoto£rrllphic CliUllJiug to the mul of the S.,nthl~l·n )'hlge, n~ beiug 5UU fm~t lowel', nIHl othel'\\'i~(~ more ~n~iI.r 'Ic~e~~ihlc, and as including the venk it&!Jf ill,the panorama. Unl'ol'ttllllltl'I,r, the weather \l'a~ 1I0t IU'Ollitiolls. A sbowery urt~rllo()n the dilY iJt'fOl'e IHltl. ended ill a rcliny uight; and though the clotltl~ bl'ok~ ill the JIlIH'uing, yet the flying mist· hung ubout the high SUlUmi.ts ull day 101lg, ol!~cill'jllg the ,'iew. Dotll ()artit's \fere cUlIIlJl"Jled, instead of r~tlll'llillg to CUUlll, to do the best they could nt tiruhel',line, with 110 \\'l'ap~, 11tHI ulll,v'tlJ~ IUllcb thuy llllcl tnltell ill theil' puckets, nUll to tinhdl theil' wurk 011 tbe .. ulluwiug morning. FOl'tlluately tbe night WitS lIeithel' windy 1l0l' cold; but thh,ty hOlil'S UII Ill) pro\-i:liolls but a pocket,hmch are ~I't'tty luU'd upon 1I1l'1I, sOllie of "holll ha\'e dOlle 5,000 feet of cliwbing with tllirty 01' furty pOllu.ls of ilJsu'utUcnts on their backs.

'I'hu tollowing duy wus II. fill(! Olle;, h~re, although the horizon wus much ob:o\clll't'ti lIy flyiug ~t<~I'm::, null lit .. Gar.hlt!f wn~ able to l:Sig-ht Iti:l IlUi uts, nud l\h'. Jacksoll to mul~6 bis IHlllol'umic ,-iewli iu til1l~ to l't!tllrn to CilUI., ill "nh' St'H::SOlt. One;, 01' tlw Jlhotogruphs iu pm'tien1'lr sllows tinely the Cl'O:iS that gh'~~ IIl1l11e to tile peak. It::; c:tllt:;e lies ill the CI'O,.,~,seall1~ of the gueiss, wbich cut one nuotber on tllat (ilce at ue,,"'l' 'll'ight angle,

·SI\'.LN!lOlf "I'lvoml.T. Co'

62 1873 SERIES.

oue of the bOl'izontal 011('9 Imppeniug to be broken out to ~tlch a llc'l'th ;U; nllows thc sno\\" to lic along in it. •

The mouutain itself, like the whole of the mngo to which it ht!I()II;!~, is of pI'imith'e rock, gnci::;s; the s~dimelltnry h~ll~ cap ~ome of it$ Halik, inn' hill~, I1IHI abound 0\'01' tow;uc\ the Elk )[unntaills, as well a~ ill thl' YI~ley 'Which Iit~S thhi sitle .01' the Hlue H.in~l' \'llllJ!(', hut. they .It) lIlIl

nppcal' nl1y\\'h~l'e near the summit. It is not precisely in the muin r:mg-l'~ but rathel' COIl~titutcs a sicla brancb, or spur stl'iking otl' to the 1I01'th· west, aml is the most 1I0l'tbe~l'u spnr of the l:)awCltch mug-e. Neal'ly it~ eutire tlminnge flows into Eagle Uh'el', or the Pill~Y, a~ it is ~"IIIc1 11m':, called, ullll ~o iutu the Gmutl. The beight of the mount i~ H,t i(J (h,t ubo\"'e tide-water, au,( t.hat of the I~ft·hallc.l peak, in Xo. tU5~ fl'OUl which the "iew of the C1'OSS, No. 1O0, \TUS made, abollt 300 ft'~t 10\\'(''', 'fhl! perIlf~llCliculal' arm of the C1'OSS IS 1,uOO feet ill lcngth alld fully ;)U frl't ill brt>adth, the SUO\V I.\·ing in the cre\'ice fl'Olll uO to Wit t"c.'t>t ill elt~Jtth. The hOl'izontal al'm "ul'iea with the seasons ill length, but nn~l'llg~~ ~·UII f~et.

(Negnti\'es 5 X 8.)

:Nos. 1-3. nEXDEZYOUS CA.llI', 011 Clenr Creek, four ruite~ northwest frolll J )eU\'(!I', II delightful :;pot, .in th~ lUhl:\t of a gro\'e of cotton· wooII~, with gr(~at \\'hll~·:,;pl'eac.1ing Ill'lUS, l'e$elllblilig the ei'st, ern ellll. 'rite \'ie\f:i :U'e IlHHlu in cnl'ly ~pl'ing, bt>fore the trecs put forth theil' lea\'p,::;. In this caml) the membel's of the slll'\'ey collectt'd to orgi\lli7.~ ullel equil) Ilu' tlle season'~ camphil!n.

Nos. 4, 5. L(J~G'S PEAK, "!"O1ll lowcr el1(1 of Estel:5 Pnrk, No. O. Lo~tr's PEA Ii:, 1'1'OIU Pl'o~pect Mou1ltnill. No. 'i. :\IOU~T L[~COL:,{, from Hoo~ier PilSg, looking acro~s Uontgomcry

Gulch, Lo the cap-like sllU1wit. (See ~()s. 'i9-8-1, 11 x 1-1 series.)

Nos. 8-12. PA:,{ORA)U. FRO)( SUlDII'!' OF 2\lOU:-tT LINCOL)!". (See 11 x 14: ~el'ies.)

No. 13. llE,\D OF ~rO~TGO)IERY GULcn, as seen from n<~ar IToosier Pas~, showing that portion of tlle rllllge which COllllects Lill-

. colli \fith Qmuulm'y. No. 14. BEAD OF BUCKSKIN GULCH. About it are many sih·er'D\ille~

that aro pl'otltably \\"ol·lu~cl. llnck~kiu Ul't!t!k il'; u. slllall tl'ilJotnry of Clem' Ureek, llminiug thl! snuthel'u face of Bl'Os~ mu} Lincoln.

No. 15. TUE NOR'l'U OR RIGHT nA.ND WALL OF BUCK.t:;KIN GULen, aud . tlle toot of ~Ioullt nI'OS~, showing, ill a well,defined sectiou, the contact of "the Clunrtzites with the gneissic l'ock~ below, nnel the limestolles nlJo\'e.

No. IG. HE.lD OF ~losQul'l'O GULCH, lying next south to Bocltsldn from a high point looking down into tlle alllpllitlleuter, anel UI' to the crest of tho dh-ide which separntes the walel'S of l)latto lIud tho A,'lmllsas. To the left ot' the monntain btttt(', in the center, is :Mosquito Pml~, a trnil only, l~nding on~r to 01'0 City amI California Gulch. The clcnltioll nt the Slllllmit 01' the I"u~s i:-; 12,200 fcet.

No, 1 i. DEAD OF S..\.CRA)lEN'fO GtiLCn, Ising lJed sonlh of l\(OSqllitO. Fl'olU the ~aUle stand·point as the pl·ec.:etlillg. PI'omillt:llt in the \'jew nre the lOllg slopes of q\\artzite~, whit:h brenk ,lo\fll ~lI(1ilellly a1l(1 lca"e the great ba~hl 01' amphitheater bet ween it anel thl~ granites of the main raug~.

1873 SER(E~.

No. 18. rrO~sEsnoE.lloCNT'\IX, S(J1Itllf:a~t rrtll" J' ... fUlles,. unci 1lI t~e same !'a!I.!!'! wi~" ttl': I'" I ,,' 'I ""'Jllt tell amphitheater lU tLn uphtte:.. 11m':""".. ' '" ...... :i. All Ycn' much tbe iDl(lt'~ssi'JIl I,~rt I" .. :& I,:,.·'· " '""':"uahliu'" gnr;tic scale, in Ull", xitle: CIt' II", '~JlI'"'',:,;''' .: .. ,.. 1'"fllI n .,~

I . tl t' 1 I. • t e amp 11 lea 01' IS cOllll"ls,:, IIr ~r:allir,~ IS .• : "'tr f)f thu lillle~tollt~li resting 1l1.OIl it. '1'1":rt: at.: ~. , H • '.' ·:I.il'!i nnll ruille~ abont thl) IUQnlltain, lSi ... , ill u". :1" ~ ~." ,':"" :iih'erup uu thc.lUonnt;Lin t>lu\·;tliUlI . ., • ,., ...... , .•.• ~,,"I\i hicrh

No. 19. LOOKI~G NOR1'U FRO)t NE.Ut II fJHiU::ilf',Y. ", 0

1 L· I 1 S ' , " .~.". atH mco 0, nU( ncrO:i:i, :WI·ilIJJI:'"., '.. ·'1, tI, Cro~s skin Oulchc~. . ,., III, .".", ':,,1 fluck-

'No. 20. l\[OltAI~E O~ 'rUE SOt:'l'(l HIDE t,JI r,.\ 1'1 \'1 I _ .. junction witb the .Ark;ul:ia~. (~,.,: :-t". !"·~/rJ· '''J:F:K, nt it~ ~o 21. l lEW OF 1'nE ARKANSAS !t(VJ';I:, ItI:J.~'''''rJ t J,." " :("rie~,)

1",· L k I . . tt" • " nUl .a.\\"1Il a 'Cl:J, \\' It're tlH! !-ilr,::. ... ;1' ". , ,·,ta C.'eul, f·• 1 t· II I 1."", ... , OI\tnlrlg CUSCRl e or u , ant Uilllk,·,. h" "1' ", ,Itt·.vn to a f 't J • <II .... , • o A"raUl e. ' , I, 'j'I'''' 'Wull:5

No. 22. THE TWI:.l I.lAKES, R distunt ~i('\\', :t-4 ;,,~, ... ", • " ~UO fh·t a~bo.\'e th~IIl, .. 011 ,on\! fir f.l1f~ "1"" '. :/~ > "!"\'ation or

. Fur de~cl"lptlt)n, see ~o, 8!J of Im:\';,,:,., ,,,.,, , I ·t. E'b~l't. No. 23. THE UPPElt 'l'wl~ LAKE. ,. , No~. !!-l-!?U. TilE l'WIN LAI\:ES, a I,anorall,h: \.j,:w ..•

Sawe ns No. 22. ' " '. ".\ """':tions. No.2i. NA.TURAL BRlDGE, on Twin IJakl: (:r",·k II I'

I ' I 'f • ./, '\ ake, 'm'mcl by a great gmuile: "''''''.11:,. ;> •••• " .II",,·C the nnel RIl~Pt'lJcll"c.l O\'c~ a dC~I:P, g',r~,~ m,.: ';'1 ~, ..... , -d",anded flows the cre~lt. It IS tho r\!~II't "1' ~!."'J'I. ,.. ... ·1,·,· widell

No. !?8, FALLS ()~ Tw(s LAKE CRI';Jo:K, ill lim ":111", " .• hnng~ the .~u~.I't!lIdt!~1 bt)",ltic:r "":",;"";") .. • ., ····"r which numher, thus "I(!W helUg 111:111,: 1',."'11 al,- '. • ':-'·'·,:.lill'" . ttl f· II 1 I l' I ' ". , .I' ,., ), Ie n $ alll t Ie )1''' :';-I~ lU~IIJz.c "!"I':":lh.,· , . ' ',,\ ... iutu.

~o. 20. A GlC,\~n'E nti'1"I'R"~SS, 5UU fl!I:t ill I":i,,,.' "' . .' ~ ... ·'\·.v \'al'll~ . I I " I \r II ... '.,' .. " .' In ... a '6 v~'ce ~ a . cy, IIl1s JII'r"'" ".LI:'~ 'I? ,. ' .:. "",Iway

:T. 1'()lIl1(~t!fl 011 alHl poh:dlt'tl ".~' glu.::nl : ':1,."" '. ".Ii bl!~n Nos. 30-3-1. P ANOR.U[A. FUO~[ SU)[)II'l' (JI: L.\ I'r • .' •. , '.,

Nos, 0=!-U7 of 11 X 14 l:5~I·il!~. J. -" , " "I. (St!c No. 35. A)(Pllll'IIEA'I'Elt O~ WES'1'lm~ 1·'.\1:;.: IJI' ":"

t• l' I '[' ' '\ ". ,. seen I'Om Lt'( ~l ollutnlll Pal'l~. If. Ii .... 'II , " \ ';';1=; n!J t' . t '1' I I' . . ...... . '

('1111> ylllg III 0 n~' or. {l~'t:l', n • .r·jI",t:, .. :-,~ : / .. ':;,lilol1 nhollt the month of wlawh l~ all .·xll:I •• i ..... , '·"rrll~lm tel'millal mnrHill~:5. Elc\'ariull f,1 ":'44' J.;'" ,. ' .. ··.·,a( nuti ,T 3G!' J-' I' .• ." •. . ... '0. • \ED \0('1\: • ,\LLS, upon tI, ~ullllI tl'il"'.: .... , ". '.' t tl }"11')1 "T ,~ , I, •. ".. , o ~ ~ • (?~lUt.llll::l. 1m sa'III!"1lt,., .... 'n",. . ':OJ alllong ;ll'e (Jill'bullltCI'Ollli, brokt:ll III' illl .. , .",': I, ...... h".,· flow t· I . 1 I ' • .. " , .

"9" _ orlll~, UI!t of IL ( all' C, ;IIIllUl'tt mar' ... ,. 'Nt ". 1.~t'~lIat\!d No.3,. TEOCALLI, ft'?111 ~he Aztec tef!CI,lli, II,. 1al:r:n·'i •. ~ 'I,..

a I ways bml t III U. pyralfllt lal limn, :u,,,,, ..' .' I,., t wera clo:wl,\" l't'selllhlel'4. b :silllatc·i( 111"'" :, ,. I... • '/'"llIltuiu It?t:k <?l'eek, UO,wing' !utl) I~i1:it Itin:,·, '''0\ ..... : .. ''',' "I' Ht!c1 (:Sl'e ~ o. lI):j of J1re\"loll~ !{HJ·it::.,} /. . ~ J7' fe~t.

~o. 3~. GOTIIW :UO(;);·L'.UN, Eu:,t ~{h'ul', a 1"'~IJt ":,.' fot'fU, AS \\"(,11 n~ a most IUsU'uc:lin: "I" ',., '. ,.:. ·"i,'mtaill t . f tl . . (J -. 'I.... mse 0 . Ie m?lIutalll I:; I"da"t~'J'1 i i 1.i"~:I' .' ,..' Ir·'~. 'flau lJilll~1 ot. t'I'Ul'fl\'u roc,k, cCJ\'t"'l'el willa I.i,'~ I '.' ,.:. '."''', flt!t.p :agatu tmrlUulllltt!tl With tht! ,'olc • .,,;.: ""' .... , .. x:lIC:h i:l na i t. Elenltion, 1!!,4:08 fcet. <. ". ':.{ it:i :lUW.

64 1573 SERIES.

No. 30. WRITE UOCK l\IOUXTAI:\, n portiou of the grnnitic core of the Elt~ Moulltain, lying SHme six 01' eight milt·s cast of GotLic l\Ionlltnili. (St'6 !\o. IO:! of 11 X 14 ::;t'rie$.)

No. 40. EAS1' UIVER PA~S, looking' aCl'oss tht'! hpact of East Rin'r and the puss that renches tho head of Hock Url'ek.

No. U. YIEW' DOWN EAl=T RIVER, frolD the pass, st)(~wilJg GotLic l\Iountniu nnd Crpstrd Butte ill the distance.

1'0.42. A SPUR OF TUE ELK l\IOU.NTAINS~ ISiug near the 'hond of East . lU~cr,showiu~ grauitic eruption, with scdimcutary bells Iyiug

up Oil either tlCluk. No. 4:3. LOOKL'lG SCtU'l'H ACROSS ROCK CREEK, towarcl the Snow !\[ass

"nd CH1lito1. (SalDe as No. 101 of pre'dons Merie~.) No. 44. TREASURE MOUNTA.IN, ami yiew down the callon of Rock

Creek, towlll'(\ the Gr;md. No. 45. YIEW SOU1'1I, ACROSS EAST RI\ER PASS. No. 46. ELK LAKE AND SNOW MASS MOt:.N'fAl~. No. 47. ELK LAIn::, ~hHdo\V "iew. No. 48. TnEASl.Tl(E l\IOUN1'AIN. Xo.40. SNOW ~IASS ~IOU~'J'AIN, from the south, ShO\fing a portion of

tbe SlJo\\"-fh·lll, frulll which it derives its unme. No. 50. CASCADES O~ UOCK CREEK, tumbling OOWII the rocks.n height

of 5(10 fcrt, frow Elk Lake, u-lJiclJ lic~ ill n )arg~ amphitlJeuter ubo,·e.

50.51. A PICTURESQUE FALL ullon the rigbt-haml branch of Rock Creek, Huwillfr o'-cr nhno~t c()ill-bluck shale$, nUll rnllllillg diagonally th~ol1gh them, ullder the tilt1~, i~ a "ery distinctly mnrkett tl"nchytic clike. -

No. 52. FALLS ON ROUle CUEEfC, a few rods abo'-e the filrmer. No. 53. ORo-Urrr, Califol'llia. Gulch, 011 the \\"e~t.erll tilop~ of the Park

range, Hnd dil'ectl~· opposit-tl the vie",- shown in Nos. LG aud 17 of this series. It. is n mining towII, pure and Nimllie.

No. 54. GRAND OR l\IASSIVE l\IOUNTAI~, froID uear mouql of California Gulch.

No. 55. AnKAXSAS VALLEY, loqking south, connecting with the (lr~vions "ie\\" fl'olD SelUle stnnd-l'oint, sho"'iugl\!ouut Elbert ou the right, then La Plata aud Bnrt'ard.

No. 5G.· A DLUFF OF PALEOZOIO SANDSTONES, 1,500 feet in height, on Eagle Rit'er, 01)(1osite mouth of Roche lIontonlJ~e ~rt'ck.

No~. 57,58. UOCltES l\(oUl'ONNEES, near foot of the 1\Iount ot the Holy Cross, the fil'st looking Ull and tbe other dowlI the ntllry.

No. 59. DIS1'A.N'!' VIEW OF 'CUE MOUNT OF TUE HOLY CROSS u.1Il1 Hoche ~loutoulI~e Vallej.

No. 60. MOUXT OF THE HOLY CROSS. Nos. 61-64. P ANORA3IA, from near tbe Uonnt of the Holy Cr~ss.

STEREOSCOPIO VIEWS.

Nos. G40, GU. I.lONG'S PEAK, from Estes Park. Nos. 642,043, ESTES PARK. -No. 644. LONG'S PEA.K, from Prospect 1\[ountain, Estes Park. No. 645. LO~G's PEue AND LILLY LA-KE. No. 6-10. LONG'S PEAK, from uear head of Little Tbompson Rh·er. No. 047. LONG'S PEAK from sOllthensteru base, head of the Sa.int Vrain. Nos. al8, 640. THE OOLORADO OR FRON1' RA.NGE, from Bahl llountaiu.

near Gold BiII.-No. 650. CASTLE ROCK, BouMel' Callon.

~os. ,;:;1. Ii.;:!. YJl~w l~ llOLLDEU. CASO~. neal' Uastle !tocl,. ~ o. (iJ:t 1:0ADWA Y t;~DER CASTLE HOCJ(. );0. 05-1. llOt*LDER (JA~ON, looking up from Castle Uock •. );08. 6.;;;, (j,:m. Is THE s~nw, 15tb of June. );0, OJ;. UF,ORGETOWN, UOLO.; "ie\\"' fram trnilleal1in~ to Empire. ~o. OJ8. YIE\v DOWS CLEAR CR1~EK, fl'Olll Empire truil. . ~o, OJ!). YIEW lookin~ down Empire nml GC()l'gctowll trnil. ~o, 660. GRA.Y·S PEAli:. ~ O. 001. 'JoRnEY's l),EAK. ~o. UU2. LOOJH:'4G DOWN CLEAR CREJ':K from near Gray's Peal,. ~o. OO:J. i\IO{j~TS .ROSALtE A~D E\·.~:iS: 1'1'010 near Gray's Penk. ~o. OU,I .• T~\)(ES PEAK. So, U(j,j. !'_\RRY'S P.EAK. ~os. GOU, OU7. FROZEN LAJ(E, uear Jnrnes Pfak, June 1,j. !'os. (jU~-G;·l. CnlCAGO Ll)(ES, i\Ionnt Uosnlie.

65

~os, Gj,j-6i8. ERODED SA~DSTO~ES OF )IO~t:)IENT PA.RK, Ilear Colo· rado Springs.

~os, fijO-081. GATEW..t\! OF TUE GARDE~ OF l'nE GODS, nenr Pike's Peak.

~ os. 08''!, 1i83. CA.'rREI:U.\.L SPIRES, Garden of the Oods. ~o. OB·!' PIKE'S PEAK, from the Gar,hm. ~ o. 6$.j.· UTE PASS, from Colorado Springs to Sonth Park. Xo.OBU. UTE FALLS, in Ute Pass. ~o. OS7. )IOl.iNT LINCOL~, frOID Hoosier Pass. ~o. G88. HEAD OF ~[0l'iTGO)IER1 GULCH. ~o. OS9. HEAD OF B{jCKSKl~ GCLCH. Xo. OOU. YIEW IN BUCKSKIN. ~o, mH. HEAD OF .iUosQurro GULCH. ~o. flO:? HORSESIlOE !'[OUXTA.IN, from ht'low. :No. 603. 1l0RSE..:UOE .i\IOLNT.U~, from nbo,·e. ~o. 60-1. ORO CITY AND OALIFORNIA. (~ULCI[. ~o. G03. ~IOUX1' HAR\·A.RD, and ,"ie\\"' down ..;.\.rkausns Ril-er. ~o. 006. F..1LL~ 0:'4 TUE ARKANSAS. So. 007. CASCADES I:f TIlE CASO~ .OF LA PJ..AT.l. CREEK.

-Xo.098. !tEO nOCK FALL~ Elk l\[onntains. ~ o. 6DH. CPPER TWIN LAKE, nellr l"iew. SO. 7UU. LOWER TWI~ TJAKE, distant '"ie\\"'. :So. 701. UPPER TwIN IJAI(E, distant ,-iew. ~o. 702. FA.LLS O~ LAKE CREEK. ~o. 70:3. ~iTCR'\'L BRIDGE OVER L.l.Ii:E CREEK, ncar the fulls, aUll thl'ce

miles alJo,pe Upper Lal\e. ~o •• 0-1, TEOCALLI, Elk llolmtains. ~o. jO,j. ]~LK: LAKE AND SNOW ~I:!ss, shallow l"ie\V. So. 70U. J~LK LAKE AND SNOW !\[A,SS l\IOUNTAL.'f. ~o. 707. 1.'REAsURE MOUl'iTAIY, from near SnoW' ~rnss. ~os._'08, 709. SNOW :MASS i\IOUNTAL'f, from tbe south. ~o . .to. )IA.ROON lIoUNTAI:-f. -~o. ill. CASCADES on the Lcft Fork of Rock Crek. c

~ os, 7t!, 713. LOWER FALLS 011 tho Right Fork of Rock Creek. Xo,714. (JPl'ER FALLS 011 the Right Fork of Rock Creek. )lo. ; 15. J)ISTA:'4T VIEW OF l'fiE .MOUNT OF TUE DOLY CROSS. ~O:i. 710. 71i. UOCHES lIOUl'O:'4~tES. '~o, ;18. ''THE )IOt..rNl' OF THE HOLY CROSS.

5 I'fi

18';'4 SERIES. (Segnti\"es 5 X S,)

C(\L01UDO,-)litlellc Pari,. 1';t( Bel'tlloml J}n~~; (hclice In 81111 .Tltilll

. lJlillin:.r,re~i.,u, I'ift th~ BhlP. Hh'el', Ir()(l~ier PHS~, nnet the Hio OI':lIlII.-" iIlCltl(lll1~ all 11f)int:; of iJlt~rE'~t, in Aah')opp. :1Iul Dokt· .. ·s Park, "uti abol!! the bead of Ihe Sau Migllel. The La PInta )Ioulltnin~ ouel the re'· mal'l,alJle pn'hi~tol'ie ruins ill the caiioll of the ~Ianco~ a 1111 nbnut EI IJatc', takiug iu~ finallY', on the wny I.mcl" tbe lJonl1~ncnt Hm!lis, betwe<'11 eu:· ora(10 Cit\"" a1l(1 Df>Un'I" No. 6,1. llERTnOt:D 1'.A~~, lonldng norlh. H~jght. of pn~~~ ] I.:U:1 ft'N,

Yic\\, made from point 8UO (('ct alJO\'e IO"'t'st point ,,1' pa~:-:., James' Peak. with nn elenltion of 13.2S~J f(>(>t, i:; liNn' till'

, ceuter, "'hile n\\'a~' iu the distuul'c oil the .Id't ill th~ group nrouncl AI';l}mhoc P(>ak. -

No. 00. DERTU01:D PASS. looking SQulh. lip toU'al'el the heml of Clenr Creel" ,rhem'e Yiel~'~ l'n~~ cro~!-'~s the r:tllA"e to )lh1tllc Pal'k,

Xo. Oi. GRA:\D JJAKE, near the head of the Gr:mu -lnn'r a lit I abont ten miles west of Long's Penk. It is a clear, cold~ deep sheet of U'nter, about tU'o 811el a bnlr by one nnd a half miles in exteut aull abOnlldilllr iu tront. In the di~tallcc is Round Mountain, from t11e base of which to the hllce, n distance of about {hoe milt·s, is OtlP. of tbe grandest exhihitions of gla(;ial s(:oul'iog to be seen iu the Rocky l\Ionlitnius.

:So. OS. F[SHER)IAN~S CADIN, 011 Grand Lake, the l'esirlence of a hermit fisherman, situated near the outlet of the lake.

Nos. 00, 70, H. ',"EST FRon FOOl' OF ROUND MOUNTAIN, looldn~ down the t'allt''f of Roches l\Ioutonnees to GralHl Lake in t11e distHnce. This \"aUey ''''as onee the seat of imme~se glaciers, which wore down and polished All the granite ridges that are seen glist~uing in the slluligbt throughout its entire'lengtb.

Nos. 72, 73. FALLS AT THE FOOT OF Roul-t"l) ~10UNl'AIN. The Grand Rit'er is here but a hrawliug brook, faJliug dowll the mountain in continued series of cascades ODd falls, oue of whicb, of about 00 feet fa11, is 8hoU'n in the t'iew.

No. 74. HOT SPRINGS, l\IIDDLE PARK, at tbe foot of Mount Dro~s, on the north bank of Grand Uh'er. The temllpratnre of the ~prings ranges from 109 to 116 degrees; the water coutnin~ 8ull)hur, iron, magnesia, and othel' miuernl llropertics~ snit.l to pos~ess remarkable cllraUt'e po,,'crs. Ele,"ation of springs, 7,725 feet.

Nos. 75, 70. LOOKING UP GRAND HlVEIt FROl( THE HOT SPRIXGS. Middle Park,o\'er the site of the pfospecth'e county-seat of Grand County, to bc known ns Grand City, some of tlle buildings of which nre to be seen at the riltht of "iew :So. ';0.

50S. 7;, 7S, 81., VlEW DOWN TOE GRAXD UlVER, C.-om Ilt'nr the Hot Springs. 'Ihe rit'er bere cnts throogh n monntain of solid granite to a depth of 1,500 feet, nnd' for a distance of about thrt'6 miles.

1~i-I Sl::RIES, 67

:So" ';0. EAS1' PROJ[ NEAR TilE StT3DUT OF lIoUXT BROSS, back of tlle Hot SPl'in:ts in llidttle Park, looking up Grand Ril"er to mountains in the (lilU di::ttance about I.JonA~s Pt'nk.

~o. SO. "-EST l:'RO)( NEAR TUE :::;UlllIl'r OF l\(OUNT BROSS, lIiddle l'nrl~, looking (lown the Gmuti Rh-er through its first tlt'ep caiion to the Dlue ni\"fr i\lonntains in the distance. Tbis "iew looks o\""er the Spt'int:ts ami to\vll,site ami the trails leading ''''est down eae!h ~hle of the cniion.

~o. S:? VIEW IN i\hDDLE 1).\.RK, EAS'l' FROl( THE l'[()UTII OF BLUE Un"ER, looking 11., tlle broud, rel'tile ,"alleys and graceful ctlrt'es of the Grand Rh'er.

:So. 83, VIEW UP TilE BLUE UIVER, from its intt'r~ection with the Grnnd in i\liddle Park. In the di~tnnce ure tho Blue River l\Ioltntnin~, the highest point of which, on the rigbt, is lIount I'>oU'el1, 13,398 ft~et high. .

S"os, S4! S5. NORTH ACROSS TUE GRAZiD Rn"ER, frOID the mouth of the Blue Uh'er, i'Iiddle Park, showing in thc Ulilldle disb,nce or peculiar mt'sa of corboniferotls limestone.

~o. S6. YIEW DOWN TilE GRA~D HIVER from the mouth of the Blue Uit'er, ~howing Gore'~ Cniion in the dishuice.

Nos. Si, SSt GORE'~ CASON. View neur its month, looking down. Tbe Grnnd Uit'er here Illukes its first entry of the tmiion, flowing quietly Ilml smQothl.\· through the UI)turne(l beds of sandtitolle that lie UI) ugainst the Ulore massive rocks of the caiion proper.

S"os. SO, 00. GORE!S C.\XON. Grund Rh-er, through the northern eud of the Blne Uh'er )(ollntains; tbe ,r-nlls,.of ~o1id granite, rise hro nnd three thollsaut1 teet uenrly -YC1'tically n.bo\'e the rit'er,

... 'Yhich rush~s throngh in a series of 'oalDing, dashing rapids. ~os_ 01, 0:3. VIEW OF THE BLUE RIVEn, from Ilear Ute Peak. anel frolR

an elu,'ntion of o'-er I,U(JO feet abon~ tbt' rh'er. Ou' the right, . in the distance, are the ~purs of the Blue Uh'er .l\Iouutains, l)('arly ousctlred b)' ~tol'lII,clol1(ls.

:x 0,93. VIEW WEST ACROSS TnE BLUE nIVER, from tbe side of Ute Peak. ~o. 04. LONE ROCK, nt tbe entmnce to Plt'nsnnt Pnrk, a region co,"ered

with fantastically-shaped red snndstone~, about forty miles sonth ot' Den~er, nnd lying just onbdlle the Front range.

S"os. 05, 96. PLEASANT PARK. A group of rocks 'bearing resemblance to a rtlillfd, fortiHed city.

~o. Oi. PLEASANT PARK, looking west over a group of the sandstones to the granitic Front rangt'o

~o. OS. PLEASAN'!' PARK, genel1l1 vie\", looldllg south towart.l Lone Rock.

Sos. !JO, 100. PROFILE HOCKS, in Pleasnnt Park. :Xos. 101, 10~. TADLE'LANDS neal' the Colorado Di\"ide, fifty miles south

of Denver; ele\'nted plntenns of sandstone lying lJOrizontally nntl cnpped with basalt. They a~ernge SOO fee~ above the t'alley.

:Sos. 103, 10-1. IJAKE O:f THE COLORADO DIVIDE, looking norN1, a small body, balan.!ed, as it werE', 011 the dit'itie, at on elet'ation of ,,~m:4 feet, its flrninage equully divided between the Arkan~ns and the Plutte.

~o. 105, YII:;'V SOU1'R FRO)( COLORADO DrnDE, down l\Ionnment Creek. Thu l""ie\v is too extended to admit of lDucb definition in the detail.

So!o:. 100, lU7. VIEWS, showing the contact and bending Ill' of the Triassic beds ngninst the granites.

68 11);4 SERIES.

~os. lOS, IOn. Ymws; ~bO\fitlg It ppcnlin, .. congtolller:i~e IIlllctl! np uf hu'ge ungular ma~$es of granit(l .• \\'~st bauk of )101111111Cllt Cn't>1t WH~ the flidclc,

So. 110. SOLITARY Ht.''f1'E of ~:\Ilel~tolle, in the yal1('~' of )fllllt1l1l1mt Crepk.

~os. 111, 1l~. ~J\Tt.;r._\L ARCU, llIIClt'l' the Citadel Jt:t(:k ill the Culorac1" J>i\·id('.

Xos. 113-11i. l\[o~t7)lEN'l',PA'U(. Yari()l1~ ~tl1c1il'~ nmml~ the f:lIItu!o:til' 1Il0lltllUents, that Ill'e flll1y dl'~m'ihecl in tit • V;i;J ~('I'it':-:.

~o.l1S. CASl'EI.LATJm HOCKS, npar )lullnmt'llt Park; dt'Ii<:atel.,· tillh,'cl. cl'l~nlll~'-\\"Ilite sl'&I(I~tCllle, \\"~iltlJ(,'l'illg into horizontal IiUl':O:. pl'est'lItillg, from n llistance especiallr, ((nite a castellated Httl'pa fa 11('('.

~o. 119. CASTELI.ATED TOWEl:. 100 ft'ct ill beigbt, of the S~,I1lC cream,'-'wbite sumlstolle as 11S. ' •

No. 1~0. STUD\" of picturtasqne pine ntul cn~tellfltetl rocks, with SUit ~Ilinill~ tbrou::rh tbc brunches of tlae treE'.

No. 121. SA~ Lns YALLE1" AND LAIn:, with the Sienn Dlauca ill the distanc,~. San Lui~ Yalles i!o\ nn immense arid plain, ",itb thl" exctal'tioll of the country bonlerinlt the few streams from tIJc JII,0l1ll_taills :unl tn'o 01' thl'c'e stngllant hlkfS, of which the YIC\\' l~ 011(', th:lt 11m forllled by them. It is fiO b,r 150 miles in extput, nncl Nupport~ nH~t hpl'd~ of cattle.and flocks of sheep along its eastel'll felge. 'rhe hi~lle!\t peak of the Siel'm Dlullcn, as ~(,fU in the distance, is 14,J~O ftaet.

So. 1:!~. TlIE nTO GRASDE, n "iew about olle mile below Wagon-'Ylleel Hap, n wild, pict'l1I'e~rJlle gorge, 't'ilere the J'in~r lias forced it:-e wny through :, '-olcauic riclge, two to tllree thousaud f~et ill height.

No. 123. "-AGON-WUEEL l;A.p, ~hmt'ing Hit,' nearly columuar stratification of the basaltic billfl~ bordering t,lle st.ream, wllich, de~pite the ruggl'd cllnracter of its sUl'rOt1U(Uug~, flows cnlmly nml quietly uuder the ot'erhangiug blufJ"s.

So. 124. ANTELOPE PARIC, iu the T'alJey of the Uio Grandta, n ~eneral T'lew, looking down frOID upper eDd of purk. It is me-relr- on expansion of tbe '-!tHey of tbe rifer. It is noted as tt. ·fine fisbing l'e~ort and for tile excellence ofit!o\ past.uragc, altbou~b its ele.,-atiou, 9,000 (t"ct, is too great to mhnit ot' out-dOOl' ,,·intering. '

~os. 1~5, 126. BRISTOL HEAD, Antelope Park. .A. prominent headland of basaltic matedal jutting ont ou the 100l'er eud of tbe park. It is so called by sorne Euglisll rel':illents of the pnrk, as sug· gest:iug a resemblance to tlleir nath'e landmark.'

Nos. 127, l~S. LAKE SANTA MA.RIA, under Bristol Head, Antelope Park. nn e3tremely beautiful sbeet of water. about one mId n. bal" miles in lengtb, aud occnpying a drcliuless poct~et at the foot of tile blua: It is n. fln-m'ite I'e~ort for nil the gamc of the .. egiou, ducks, geese, amI antelopes bC!iug fonnd iu consider· able numbers.

~o. 129. TRACHYl'lC HLt"FFS, ,on the Rio Grande, at tlle month of IJn~t Trail Creck. Tbe tl1H'''~'te is expo~e.l 0\'01' II cou~idt"l'Rble pOI'tion of the lUollntains, and is particularl." noticl'nble ill being -banded iuto bright tints of green, btl1~, '-iol~t, nnd y(>lIow.

So. 130. TilE UIO GUAXDP., nt Lo~t- Trnil C'n·('k. The stl'ram hns becomc so (lifided Rmong its mRu.}' tl'ibntarics tllnt. it is bel'c

l~;" SI::IUES. Q9

hnl'llly ~norc.~ t.lmll n Illotlutn.in brook. S~at· by is Jennison's, 01' Unr~':; Uutlln, n til'-odto stoppillA',ptnce beforo t.~l'(l:ising tho rnllA'e mto 1l1\1~Cl,t~ Park. 'fhe (alenltic)Il here ill 0 H()O feet.

~t), ] =U. Tlu~ LtlO GU.\'~DE, neat' C.ur'd C.,bin, 10Jkilltr Ill' to the summit of the range_ Pat'c mile~ l\hOl'e i~ Poltt CI'eek, \fhere the ruml hal'tls \t'cll to the right to (~roS8 tho dh-hle. '

~o. l:t!. C'\~()N OF THE Uto G IL\~Dl~, nt Bin!r iteml, n sllort distallce helm\" Unrt"s Unhin.

~o:-:. l:J:J, ]:l-l, 135. YIEW O~ 'filE ',",UITE ]~AnTJt nlYER wllere the tl'ilil from fJos Pinn~ to Alltelope Park CrO~Sl'R' tbo 'V'hito l~al'th i i:; a hau'1~ome"ittle pocket of no ,-nllt>y, SUl'l'OlllHlell by blgh \t'ulls of tlle \":lrlOllMh',cnlol'etl tra('b'"te~ cllnracteristic ot' this region. The rh-ero caiious deepl\=, both ill enterio'" alHI len,-ing tbis ,-nth',-. ". D

So. laG. DA!(En'S PAlm', louking sontb from no [l'lint on Galena :'IIonnt· nlll, nbont J ~C1UO feet nhot'o· HO\nlrfh·iIIe. 1lI1tuediateh· 1.leto\f i~ tilt! ,tmnl, H, inn feet in nltitl1de. In lhe tlistnnce i"s Snlt~lfl ~rl)llntain, 1:;,:31i0 rl~et hi~h, about ~bc '1lIi1e.~ distant. On the Id't nre the ~pllrs of King SoloJUot' :lnll Kendall ~l()lltltnitls, unci 011 thn dght those of 'rower )[onntain. Tue park PfOPPl' i~ nn~ lIIi1e~ bclo\\', hut the unnm is O'eneralhnpplictl to thnt pnrtion of tbe \"nlh~\' ot' the Uio In; ..:\uitDl\S l~'~ng bt~t\\'c('n Sultan )(uuntain nnd'the Elll'clm Glllch, thl'ee JUltes nho\'e Ho\\";u'II:it'i1Ie. Hnkcl".:l !)iu'k is the center of the fnmon~ San .lmlll mining.rrgiou.

So. J:;;. ll.\Ju:r:'s PAUK. A. \"iCHV luuldn~ db,,'n from the mouth of Annstrn Gulch. 'fltb Animas i~ lim'e c:lo:'\ch' confinecl bet\feell high w:,l1~ of clal'l~ "OICflllic rocks, t.hat tire \\"cntlu~rell ioto llIan~- t'allta~tic pilllllu:lc~~. .

~Il. 13.,. A!:RASTltA HeLen, louking np fl'OlO nnl'O~~ the Animas which l~ hl'l'e ~tlllk fur Ollt, of ~ight, in the ;:I)I'~e rlUlIliu': nCl"O~S the forl'g'roalltl of the l'il ,-ine. 'f:16 wr~:;!i:; ot' the 0171 l\rra~tl'H~" that ,,"cm put in some t:\fch-e or fOIll"tl'CIl :r~al'~ a"'o ill Dal~el"s time, have gh-en the ~nlcll lt~ Il:t III l'. " It \ya; ~lso wOl:I~cd in thnt tim~ for ~'olc1 in pl:u~er~~ hut with no Sl1(,c(ass. 1t JS 1l0W more fll'-omhIS IW(l\\'l) t1I1'on~b it~ sih·er·mioe~

_ \,'hieh :arc nlllon:,:- the richest ur tllis l'l'giOll. ' ~(" l:W. TOWER ~~OUXTa!N, Cl)ll~o~itc ll?""nHlsT'ille. Upon its nearly

l'erpf.>lHhculnr ':tf:e uf 3.(100 feet nro l)X)JO~l).t a IIltmher of cl'mrl1.-\'('ill$, h'i\"er~ill~ its wbnle lellA'tll. The olle cuttin"' dc~wn clia~ouully fl'Olll tho Jcft i::l thc )Iammoth loc.le. l\lost ot the others Ilre clailllP(} us minel'lll-bl!Rl'iug ,·eins.

S'l. 1.J.~)' DAKEI:"S P ,U!K, a:'\ ~f'lm fmlll the Rnllllllit of Sllltlm 3IOImtain lIt'arly ·l,flUO 'i'et uho\'o it. In the 11i~hlDce al'C thp. UIlCOJU~ pn~l'e ~(unlltnilU~. 'fhe .Auimu:i I"i.s(·s IIt'ar thf.>llI. ·amI comiu CF

~ollth" l't"cch'cs Cnnllill~ltnlll Cl'l,.~k frolll the. l'i:.:ht, a; ::;een i~ t!le nuw, Rllll, tltr'll, neat'el' the t',)l'e;rl'OtIIHI, frolll the IHft, Cem~lIt nnd )TIlIl'J'l11 Cn!eks, tho main Sh'Pl1II1 tUl'tlil1"' sharplr

_ to tltn right, Whl'l't' it. elltl'I'~ the f'umnus cnunll of tlJu~.A.n;nllts. ~I)~ •• l.ll, 1.t:? }.J:~, J.t l. .A l'AXIIR_UHf.! YU;W ]:1:0)( S(;T;l'AX )loux'l'

AI~. The. ab,)\:,~ Itmr llttlllbel'S, with ~Cl. un, S\t'cel) the elltln~ IWl'IZUIl 'l'Il!ll tho Ct'ntel' (If t'"~ 8i\1l .TlULU llotll1tnin~, I hc llIu:'t I'II~ANI Ill:!:::; ul" 1II1l1lIltaill-lw:!t~~ of the whole Jhl!k~' )[ol1lltain l'illl~la, Tht~ lit!:-;t of tltn :l"on~ li"l'i('~ looks 1II1I'thwl":.;tl'rI,'- into thl' ma~~ of hi:.rh IH'ak~ nhnllt. the hends ul" )l itlt'l':Il Huel CI'IIIC'1l1 Cn.'('I\~; :t f:nliclm:::-;s ()I' "lIl(~allic O\"(~l'-

iU 1£114 SERIES.

Huw, with ju.!'t n. ~ 1i ::! h t ollt cropping" of sl'ilitnl' lItary rock in 10\\,('1' lcrt-hand cor/ll"" 'fllt~ II l'xt ,-il!u', III·adr :-;n uth, :-;.lllIw :-: quite all ex tC' udcu !-; l1rfa cc of th e ~:l11l1 alllJ l illie !'tO I1 CR capp!'ll wilh 1[;1(-",1 ('. ~o. l -l:j( ·:ln i(':-; tLf' , iew :In;IIIHllo Ihcs('IlI th (,:I~t, WIH ll'l: lil e m01lntains gradllally fall :1W:1Y to th e Allillla :-. Ya ll t"\,, rudy lUilt·:-; 1H'lo\\', ~o. 1-11 lonl;:!>; illi n a g'1'f'at lIIa ~"i or II l.'c 'Ult> ·lil';l' qn:lrlzill' pr;d.:!', (If ;;1<:1 1 hdg llt, I,\ illg 1111 t h e I'aq sidl' of tile A llillla :-:. Th e lIH1 . ..; L pnJlU i ll t' lit p l~al \:-i or til l' ;!I'OIlI' arc 111'''-;11'1 1 or 1",(l0{) fl'l't ill iL l'i,:;o. lIt , :11141 lIIus t ot' tilt'lli )ll' r ii:t'fi ,r i ll ;H!cl'~!" i h li·.

X us . 1-1 5 , l ·Hi, 1·'7, PA1\"O I1,\)!C Yl EWS n :O)1 t'l"LT .\ =" :\lUI':\TA!\" Inot· i ll ~' IrC!' t. In 11 :l' hl'a d u r ;'I lil ll'nll CIt'd" :--untl, IU \\"; I,.,I _ \J:illl ' I ~. \-allt'y , Hlltl {':t !' t. int u tllt~ 'I u.lI't zi h.' grou p {'n :-: t CIt' the Allillla~ Hinf. 31arle \\ itl! a. l l'u~ of gr('a lt.' i· foc." length . th t.'sc " iews t'lIIlJl '[u:p' n. IlIlH.: h I('!'s \\' illl!. of <l uglc LilaH till: )In' ('l~dilJ g 1i l' l'it!~, hltt lJdllg- III' tl,{ ~ llctail to .a. IlIl1 ch hoitl t· r ~ t : alC',

~O~, }..I ~, ] ·1!1. Y!E\\' s Ar:on~ TDlIll:H I.I~F., :It the source of o ll e of Il l(' Hl:lill trib ut al'ie~ (If :"Ii i II (' !'a 1 l'l't'l'k, !-: how ill ::;' t.he s now· li' cI Ja k~ II't !' , SO 'IIIlIlt('rol ' ~ HtnOn g Lh e hi g- li rr s no n-·d ad pl'al;s nlil l l' ilarJllY'H' rI'atl' ti CI'Cs l :-1 s !t ol,' n ill Sos, 1-1 t :lllcl14:>, s tation J fI. 'rite nro'lI l ~lunlltili ll , (I ll lhe right ha tll1. ill No. 1'{!), is 13,SU ; fl' d . hi:rh. .

:Xos. lJO to l ;j;J. ~A~ ;\ [I( ;t"1.; r. LA KE. The Hio Srlll )1i~11 (' 1 i", Olle of t11('. l o\\'cl' lribllt:tl'il's fir the t;,,"ni :-,o ll l:in't', ' rising in t ljl' hcart of the Sa n .f nnn M(Jnu l;\ ill ~ , 1'1'0111 whi ch ns il cC li te r nuliat e all the prin ci pal s tream s of the S uuthwes t. Oue dew ~hows th e "cry !'onrcc o f tile fi\'Cr in Be:u ' Creek rn s:':, oppo:-:-ite th e he:1l1 o f Current Creek, OIIC of the princ ipal tributaries of the Anillla ~ , 'fhe 1"l;e i ~ s mall , not, 11I0n~ tll a ll a mile in Icngtu , :11,,1 well filled " itll tin c tl'UUt. I t occu pi(' s a litlle \' i1lhn' at t he funt of Lhe mOH lltai'II !'. a t an clevation of U,i:!U fcet •. a'&o\'c thc sen. Dear Crcc i.: p,iss, th e fi E' prC'.ssion in th e C(! lI te r of thc \' ie\", is t 2,GOU feet high. The slla rp peak 011 the I(' ft is st ation :~n, 13,SD'i ree t nltitwte, T ire fOllr pic" tures of thi s "ie.'" ditrr'r ollh' in elond e ffect. .

No. l J 4 . VIEW SOl'TH F RO)1 TnE SIl~:RnA LA. PI~ Al'A, Tllc La rJata Mouutain s are a group US t1H:m$eh 'es, somc di s tall ~C to the BO llth of Ih e Sail JU :IO Penl{s, .11111 are cO lUiu~ iuto genera t notice from th c g l' l.'at millera l wt'alt h conla;u e( l "itllin th e m. OUf r iew is from n poin t on t.hc wt!!:'t uank o f thc ·nio La Plata , :tlld ~OIUC :1,OOU 1<.'l.'t "bo\'c it. T hE' s tream can I;c se(> 11

in the dim di stallt'e, lIl(,fI,"1e rillg' {nray t.o the pla iu of th e San Jllt'lll R i \,(~f, 'f1iE' hod zoll cxtt.'IJd s OY('r iuto Xew ) [ ('x ico,

Xo. 1;);). TIm !:)IEHUA LA l'LA.TA. A "j cw l ookil1~ IIIl iuto the heal't of the pl'ill c ipal group of )lcal' !:1 promi nent aUlong wliic h is l\lount Bahcock, s:u lI:ln!ed 1'1'0 111 a ClIIi rOI'll ia gcntie lllt'l11 promi · I1r"tl~' t'o llll{'r. tt'li ~' i t lr the 1II;lIiI,:,:-,illtere.s ts of this I'l'(!·ioll. E lc \' atio ll of lli g hest poi nt, l-J,UUU f~~t.

AK(![EKT RV I XS IX SOtiTWEST£n){ COLOR ADO.

Dl't"'el' 1I Ihe SiC'rr:1 La lllat:, :1l1d til e Hio Sa n Jt1;11I li (':" a II e lenltl'<i plal l" lU , (;;nuw l!:J :-; th e J/c.';a l "t'l'ffc,lhroug: h widt h th e Hio Ite lo!'; iIIall t.:ns ha ~ cut a caliull sn,uc twenty·lh'c mil C's ill leng th . T hrong-haul 11';:-; caii u ll a pr(' .lds loti c people han: I('f[

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157·' Sr::mES., 71

trace~ of tlwit' former m:cnpancy of this l'I!:!iou in curiollslyC()lIstl'nctl'tl ho"sc~ of ht!wll stone, built in the cl'e\'ices of tbe \l"al1~ of the cafion, ill some cage:; SOU to·l,O.,i) feet ~,bo"e tbe ,-aUc.r- )(ost of thcse dwellings are 1I0W in l'ldn~, bnt enongh aro Ill't'f'cr\'ed to enablo tiS to study tuem with groat siltisthcriOIl. 're~t of the .lle,·m n:'tclc is a low volcanic Clme, t\l10\)11 locally ns lite Pt'ak, but npon the maps is pnt don'n as El flate: nlumt, wbich nre ndcn~h-e alltt "el'y illtcrt~sting' nrchitt'ctnml remain~. 'rhe investi~atioll of them extel1lh'll down the northcrD nlHt western drainag-e of this peilk some distance into Utnh. Fol':\ morc t'xtellflt,cl alHI detnileLl de:-:criptirm, ~('e the bullctins of thi:; SUl'n~,\" (h~"oted to tbe st11~iect, viz: 'rhe Pre-historic !tantains of the Sonthwcst.

No, 15ft CLIFF·nolTsE l~ i\lANCOS UA~ON, II two,~to .. .r bouse of h('\)tJ stolle, built ill a nano\V cl'e,"ice of the ~and~toue mesa SUO feet abo'-e the t'alle\" nt its feet. It is ill a fair state of prcsel','utinn, tbe o\'erh:\llgillg l'ock protecting it from tbe weatLwr. The grol1l1ll,t1t)or shows n f"I'''lt room ahout (j by {) feet sqnnre, and bnek of it two smaller ones. '[he storiE's Wl'ro n little less thnu 0 feet in Ill~i:.tht; the floOl~ing 'T'hich formerly Stl paratClI them hns c.1l'cayetl 01' heen re01o,'et1. 111-sitle, the 'wnlls of tbe front rooms of each floor hnve been phhiteretl with n fine :uIobic cemeut, (lniutett rell autl banded with ",bite, gh'ing thew quite a finished appearnnce. Iu front u sort of e::lphuUllle lms lip-en clellnell ont fl'OID the l'ock, SOUle 20 ft~et tong aUlIIn bro.ul, tbe only le\'el ~pot, about the place. ,

So, 1.11. CUFF'HorsE IN ~I.\~r:os UAXOX, huilt upon nn ,.~tensioll of the snllIe ledge ns tho bnj)lilllg mentioned in .xo. 1.;6. It is n~ry mllch smnllm' than tbat Olle, but shows l'XCCtlcutly tbe inacce$:dbility of its site ntltt its grent beigbt nho,-e tbe yalley.

Xo, l.j~. nE~U.lXS OF A OREAl' TOWN ill the cniion of the :'Iraneo:':, COil· Sil5tillg' of 1\':"0 circnl:ll' "'nils, the iuuer witb an inside ,Iiame" tl"r of :.!5 feet. nlul then n space of 5 feet betw('etl that :tmI the outer wall, tlh'ic1ed into six eqnnl :tpnrtmellts. oA portion of tho ont~itle \mlls still rCf11ain~, some 15 fl'l't in height •.

Xo, I,;!) . .A PORTIO~ OF THE WALLS 01? )JA~COS CA~OS, l1enl'ly 1,000 feet in heig-ht, ncar tbe f'ummit of which, in the :::pnce be, tWCE'll tlw stmtn, arc snmhrichClI some of the cnl'iou~I.r-col1-!-;tmetetl clilt',bollse~, ac;C(?~S to them being nttainnble OJlI~- h~nn eXh'ernelv hmml'llons l'oute from O'"Cl' tbc l)tllllmit or the blnt!' ubo,"c ·thN°e •.

Xo, Hill. ..:\. (H~XEI:AL Y[BW OF' TilE f:A~OX OF TilE )rAXf'OS near its (·l1trancc to the yallt'v of the ~llU .Tunll. 'fhe ulnn:i on either ~icle un' h'om 1,t1l)O 'to I,:!(JU fl'l,t in hpig'ht, -mul in l're\'iceli IIcar their snmmits nre built the Cm'inll:i clitl',hotl~es of this ~t>rit·$.

Xo~. )fit, H;:!. I:E)(AI:IU,J1LE la:r~s A'l' ..:\.7.TF.C Sl'r.I~G:-:, nt tbe foot of the ellsh'l'Il face of ete Pea!" colt~i:.;lil1g of' two ililinense stone fo\tmctnres, as sho\rn illClll!h ,oil''''', rl'sperth'eb·, wbilo about thcm ('xtellfl:; a !'cl'i(ll'l of' slllulh'itlt>tl illc1Ct:';lll'e~, intHcart'll uy hel\\'Y stolll"-waIiM rot' about n hnlt' mile in cithel' dircction.

~o. JH:t nl~[:;\:-; AnOU1' "fliP. IIEAf) 01-' 'l'1IF: )rcgL)IO UASOX, neill' Gte P~ak. In tho centcr or nll ilirlilitillgui:thalJlc naa:-;:o' or ruiu$ is

72 18:-.( SERIE~,

$I ('('lIlrnl drcnlnr tOtr('l' ~on1C :;0 {('ct, in dhtlllC!Il'I',I:UII:-;i:-;till"

of thrce walls \rithin one :lIIoth('.l", tho t'pnce Ill't\T'et'U till' t\r~ Ollft'l" OIH'~ hc.·illg ~l1btli\·itlct1 illtn IU:lIIT' slIIaH(,)' ;lPl",fllll'"'' ~imi!al'·t() lhe i\hUWOR TOWN'. ..

XO~. 16.1, 1(;;,;' BATTLE HOCK,O:.'i TUJ;; )rCBL~ro. F,'mlt nud 1'('111' "ic."\' of n detachp.(l remnnut of the ~lI1'I'ol1ll(1ing IIIC~n.~, n'h"'h i:: co\,~ .. ptl witb the ruins of walls, hon:;l!~, nutl tOn-liS. A tl'~II'i, tinn of tbe np.igh"ol'in~ lndinm; point!( it: out n~ IIl'ing tll!' ]a~t stron~hohl of the builders bl'fnr(' bl'ill~ finall~' ('Xl .. ~n("l .. ~' their conqtll'ror~.

SCI::;, 101), 16;. CAYB D\\"F.'.LtNG~. 1I1ilf n. miln back rtf Halttc Hoek i~ n. prominent h!uO~ in the facu of which I1UlIlr c,u'e:; h;"oc hl~l'll ",'t)nthcl'('(1 ont by ntmo!:phelic inllnelll'e~. Thr~o IUl\"c hl'l'"

ntiliz('d by the bnildt'rs (If that a~o fo\imply b~' wulliug np tlw lllonfh of tbe can~, Ica,'in~;l ~pncilll1~ room \rithin.

~(l, 168. "-,\'fCf('l'OW1::lt ox 'fIlE )IA~(;O~. This is a. (~ircnlm' ttl""c'!'. 10 H,'l't'in dial1letl'r, hnilt upon n. rock l"ome l~ ft'l't ill IIf'i;!" •• \ritb l'l'lfe(~tI~' ~ll1ooth )ll'rpclIllh:ulnr f~lC(,~, rCUtlcrilig the !-Oil,

}ll'rst.onrturc iJmcr~~!'ible ('xcept b.t' Jadder. OcclIll."il1~:I b~lIch hnlf,w'l~- Hp the. side of the caiion, it (:ollll11nncls nil oJIl dCl'I,I,,-,\\'ol'l1 t rail \T'indil1~ 11p pn~t it to the I,tall-an uboyc.

~('l", lGU tIll.:.!. TUB HO,"J,~;"rF.F.l' CA~l'L]~. A l'nilll'ti tOWIl Oil r Iii' lIon'lIwel'p, n. trihntary of the Sail Juan loving ju=-t \, ithin Colormlo, occl1J1,yillg n prominent rock~' blnU' o"C1'I()()I;:iIl~ tlal' u~nallr dr~- bell of the cl'ceok. It r.ouf;i~tetl (If n solid mass of l"l11ull hOlls('s not mpre than about (; by S feet ill dinmeter, nrmll~f'(l in n ~(,lI1icil'(:I('t the con "('l: si(le finsh "'itb tbe edge (If the rock~- blutJ", nlHI il1ncce~sible, "'hilo the COUCR"C ~h.lc, \rhich '\'rus tlepres~et1 likr. all nlllpbitllfmtel', \'fns occnpied b,mnch lowel' and It'ss imporiullt buildings, 1I0\f' nlruo~t nUl't;, (~ognizablc. 'Ihe must )ll'omincnt of tbl~ buildings sho\'fing in the '"ie\\" fire ~olid).r constructerl of wen,dres~ed I\tOI1(" Hud. lIot\\'ith~tnmlillg their exposed situntion~. nl'o \'fell pl'eser\"('(1.

Xos. 1.3 10 ~30. CA:lIP'STt:DIES; are a miscellaneolls collrctioll of \"ie\T'~ of the ctlmp nmI its j1('i',,,'mncl. f'ho\'fillg fully tbe intcriOl' wol'ldng lIf the ~ltr"ey while in the ficld.

Sl.'EREoscoprc YlEWS.

No. ,:;0. BEJtl'JlC'l'l) p,\SS, nOl'th. Xo~. 7!!1, 7!!~. UER.'1'U(lt.:'D PJ.~~, Fouth. ~o. 723. nJ.~nTnocD PAsfi, ~outhea:-;;t. N<ts. 7!!,j., 72:;. GRAND LAKB, 3lhhlle Pm'I,. Xo .• 20. }'ISllEJDIAN'S CAntN, Gl':lucl fJal,c. So. i!!7. );tALr .. s Ano,")·: (iRA~ll J.,.\ln~. No •• 28. HOT Spnl~(u~, i\lhllliH Pal'!,. ~o. 7:.!O. YlEW WJ-~~l' j-'IW)( Iff,.!' Sl·mxr:~. Xo. 7~(). YIl~w Kurr l~JW)[ 1I0l' SI'IH~G~. So. 7:;1. Yn:;\\". l'P Tim Ol:.\~f) Jo'lW)[ 'I'llI-; :\J(I{:TII (W 'filE IJi.n~. ~o. ':J!!. Ymw ('1' THI:: Hr.,'F, l"I:O~[ Ttll~ OnA~IJ. Xo .• ;J:J.: Yn:w l"J' Till': :'Ihl)JOl" }'IW)[ TUB OI:l\?\U. ~o~ •• :a, .;1,;. (iOlm's C,\~(lX, upper (mIl. ~(l8 •• :11.: .:; •• (;01:1-:'$ e.\XOX, ,'ic~w wilhin. ~o~. ~;JS, ~:H1. \m\\"~ O~ 1'ln~ Hr.uB NK\Jt. )1(I1"~T l'oWI·:LL, lonkin~ 11p. ~o~. ,,10, ... 1. 'JI-:\\"~ O:'i Tim HI,rE, Itl"klll~ \\'('st U('I'US;O: thc .. in'I'. ~o, ;.J:.!. '-mw DOWX TIm HI.n·: 1.°1:0)[ ~J-:,\ I: C'n~ 1'1:.\1\.

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);US, i-l:;-';'-l:J, Ymw::; ,\)(OXG TilE nocr~s OF PLE,\S.\~T PACK. ~o, i-lU. PI:UFrT.l~ HOCKS, Plemmllt P.u'k. Xus, .·17, ;·ltt 'filE LlDEI('TY <":,\1', l!len~;\IIt Park. ~0$";4t), ;;)U. TAnLl~·L,\XDS ox OOLOUADO DIVlDl'~, ).'0. ,JI. TnEE S'lTD\"' 0:" TA.nLE,rJ'\~D. Xo, 'J~. OASTLE HOCKS ON TilE DIYID1~. ~os. iJ3, i,;-l. ~'\]'t:n.AL AR(!fl l."~DElt O.\Sl'LE HOCKS. ~o. 7.1 ••• '-lEW snrl'll l-'RO)I DIYIDE. ~o. ';;fi. GEOLOGWAt~ S'l"{;D\-. ~o .• ;)7. S.\~DSTO);E :\loxu:nENl', nrnt· tlh'ide. ~os. ,;,)S, .m). S.\:.'\DSTO);E TOWJ:;R, IIcal' J)(ontUnent Purk. ~o. ';'fjO, PI);E TUEE A~D CASTELLATED HOCKS. ~ os. i(H- jlJ:t STrDIES '[x i\[OXU)lF.iS·r PARK,

73

~os. 'O~-j6C;' TilE HIO GnA~DE DEL ~OR1'E, belon' "-agon-lrhecl Gap. ~O~, ,fir -7fi!l. \\-,\(iO);,WIIEEL GAP, Hio Graude. ~os. ;iU, 'iil. A);TELOPE PARK. ).'05. ;i:!, i,:3. nnl:n'OI~ HRAD, Auh'lope Park. ~o. 7i4, ~OI!TJI OJ.' llRIS'l'OL flBAD, Antclope Pnrk, ~os. ;7,;-,77. f3':\'I~T :\(AltY'S LAkE. ttlHll:'r lll'istol lIcn(l. )."os. 7,$, jiU. YIE\\- ox THE H£O (iRANDE, nem' Lost l'mil Cl'el:'k. ~o:;. 'i'$(), '~l. YIEW OF THE HIO GI:A:\DE, neal' Pole Cl'celi:. ~o~. is:!, j~~t ~rJ[": l~IO (rItA,NDI':, ncar Lost 'rrail Orcel" ~o. 'is-l, D:\J~ER'S PARK, ,-ie\\"' N(llIth from aho\"'e JIo\y;\I'cls\-ille. ).'0, i$5. JJAKER"S PARK, from thl~ ulCluth of Arnstm Unleh. ~o.· ;8G •. AIL\Sl'R.:\. Gt:LCII, ni\I~t'I"tl Pari,. ~o. 7~;. YIEW l'RO)[ TOP OF St:L'L'A~ )IOUNTAIN. ~C). 785. llAncf)cli:. )IOt:);TAI~, ~ierrn. La Plntu . ~os. ,:;9, ,t.o, Yn;w SOt:l'lI FRO)I IJ.\ PL4\TA llot;Nl',\ISS. ~o. 'i!.H. I .. :\Ii:i~ S.:\.X )IUH:EL. ~ os. 'in:,l, i!l..j.. )1 EI:lln ~S RANCH, 011 the Hio l[nJlct)~. ~o::;. ;03, itlU. TWI :·STOltY C'Ll.Fl"-IIOti8ES 01-' TIlE U[O )(.\SCJS, ~o, i!li. la'I~~ IS TnE CLIFI"S OF l'JlE UtO )I.t~co:-;. ~o. ,ns. TOWEll I~ THE c..\.XOX ot·' 'filE ll'ASCOS, ~o. iU!). HLt'l-'fS (11-' 'l'HE )IANCOS, containing ruin~ . ~ 0:;. ~UO-~fJ:!. l:t-l);:O; .AUOt.iT l'n1:: lIEAD OF l'llE Mc EL)[(l. Sos. 80'3, 8(1-1:. Url);s l\1:Qt;-r l'lIE lIEGE~D"\ltY Iha'l'E ON 1'([P. j\lc-

EL)[t).

~o. SO:" Ut-l);S ~E'\'R 'filE I,E(;E);DARY Bt'l'TE •• ~o. snu. CAYl:~·DWELLIXrH:; X~:Alt IJEGENDAny Ih71'1'E, ~o. SO •• C.'LlFl'S )jEAn. TilE C:\"E·DWl~LLlXGS. So. 80S. "-A l'('II, T() WEn. );"os. SUn-Sll. l:rI~:-; O~ l'nE ITOYESWF.El'. Utah. ~O:5. Sl~-8:!:J. )lIS(:ELLANEOl'S l'1';nSOXAL'l-rROU1'S, iIlustmting nclll-

work. ~n:;. S~-I, 8:!.;. Tl!u,sr,'l·r.ATIO~. ~nlllllljt of Snltnn )Iountnin. ~(). R:!U, 'TnE )(r,:--;(')[EXT O~ SCI,'l',tX. ~ll. S:!i. TOl'O(H!.lPIIlC,\L WOI.:TC ~u. 'S:!s • .:\ l' D[:S~EIt. ~u. 8:!!J. ~KET('iiI:;q. ~o. i':UI. 'rr:rfI~"r LErTEU::;, ~o. 8:;1. Pt:TTt~t;' l'l' 1'J::XT. ~I). H:,t!. l:")LLl~(;' ('p nEDDJ~n, ~o. 8:J:I. ~Tl'FFJ~I' :, W_\R:]J.\G. ,. Xo. ~:H. TIlF. ~.,,~·l)LE'.\XD(.1I.::;. Xo. $J,1, TIm I'.V'ii:.\ XDI.U.S. ~CI. :-::':H. T:II: .\:'.11:1:.ro.

74 le7-1 SERIES.

~o. S:17. RlNCIIlNG TilE Al'ARE,TO. No. S3S. P .AcJn~a, }lllttiug tip the load. ~o. 839. J)ACIU~G, Sillchillg. ~o. 8,,[0. I' ACli:ING, the oU' side. ~o. 841. PACIUNG, the Ilcal' s!dc. , No. 842. JOlI::q', tho cook, bnl\llI~ $h'P.Iacl\~. ~os. 843, 8-14. SnOEI~G TIlE ~n-LES •. ~o. 8·15. 'fUREB nEAt'TIl::$, (rtf llJnle~,) ~o. S·llt NELLIE. ~o. 84;. Ooon FUIE~DS. No. 848. DOLLIE. ~o. 84!). &: Sl'CAl'l'ED~' )IIXEU. ~os. SJ()-SOi. )1J::;C~LLAXI::()n:; C:\)1(l'G1Wt~l'~.

1875 SERIES.

COLORADO, (;T~\J(, A~n ..:\ RJ7.0XA, inclnclillg n portion of the 'l'erri· tory '\'i~ited the pl'e\'iot1s season, lmt l'xtellll~c.1 southwest to the l\focluis rueblos, in ... \rizorHl, and \\'~8t to the Siel'm Abnjo, in Utah: a rfginn e~pp('ially rich in pl'~hil)tol'ic rellmins, n subject thoroughly ShO\\"11 ttl> in thi~ sel'lt's.

A llo"elty in this sea!';on's work is a series of 20 x 24 plates of prominent points ill the San Junn, Ullcolllpa~J'et and Uocl,y ~Ionntnins, the '\'(~rs first of this size e,'er made of that reo gion. Tbey gh'e n '-ery much more impl~es~ive idea of the ..pat grandem' of thos~ mountnius than any sllUlllel' ,-ie\, pOSe .;ibly can.

p;egnti,es ~O X 24,)

:So. 1. LA.KE S.\.N C1USTO\~ALt t\ bl~j1l1tirtlt sheet of water, soma two mile~ in length, lying within the C.liil)ll r~gion uf the J..I:lke Fork of the GUlluison, abollt fOllr miles nb,moe hLko Oity. It has heen form ell hy a gr.eat lmrth·slitle \rhieh 111\::; swept (\0\\11 from the mountains 011 tho cn~t. J\. well·huilt wagoll,road ha~ been constructed np the caiinn Jta~t this lake to the Ile'~ mining.regioll about tho heal' of the 1"01'1\:, nlHl thence into ]Julier's Park, o'-er n. pass 12,5-10 feet high, The nltitlllte of the lake is f),UOO feet.

So, ~. lJXCO)lPAGRE PEAK, a holdl," outlilled IIlllSS of trach,rte, U,~3;; feet ill height, nlUl the hig-hl'St- sUlllmit of the Uucompagre )[OtlutaillS, in Southwestern Colorado. Thc ~tallcl"poillt from which tbis vie," wn~ made is dh'rctl,\' enst of the peak, nmlabout 1~,5110 feet ill n1titudl~. The lIol,them fare is 1Il',uly '\'erticul fOl' o'"er l,OUfJ feet. 'fhe peak is nnmed fl'om the valley aml .. h'el' to tht' u.orth west of it, amI sig-nines, ill Ute llinlect, a rell ~flril1g, or red wutCl',

So, 3. n.\'Kl':r.:S PAJU~, a ,-iew from HIl ,'I~\-nte(l point. on the \\"c~t sitle of the Anirull~ I:in'r, which flows thl'Ot1~h the \"alle.,". III the distanco i~ ~Hltall ~rotlntain. 1:l.:3cm tCE-t in h,~ight, around (·ither flank of which m'p, tht:' clif1icult, trail:; It>>ct,UIIg' to the .Ani· ma~ Park, ami the JJIl Plata n~~i"n, At the foot of tho mon nt· nin is f:5iln~l'toll. c()tlnt,""~l'at ut' Ln. I'lata Cuunt)', a young hl\rn of llnrtlJ}" two years' gl"O\\"th, hnt, growing' mpidl)-. T"o slUe1tillg·work~, :·m\\,-mill$, lU'icl,-sul'(ls, nOll clltel"pl'ising mel'· c.:hauts am fn~t, lUuldng it the It:'aciing town of this ,-icinit.r. The town hll::; tll! elenltiull of 9.-IUO feet nuo\'c tho sen.

~ll, .1. LAI\:g SA~ ~I[(;el'~I., 1lt'llr thc.~ hl'<l,l of 0110 of the IH'illcipat 1'0l'1,s of the San i\1i~ucl. Uin'l', (lowing IwrtIH\'cstcl'l.r into the GunII ilion, It is ortl'1l call1''. It'ish T.nke, 1'1'0111 thr~ abllnclance df t.'out in its "'lItt'l':;, Tim lIIcHllltllins Imck of it hl'1ong to tho Hltn JUIIIl gl"CltlP, the highe~t ,,(lint of which in thi~ "i~w is

76 • ijitl St:.:RIl::S,

the shnrp Pl'rnmic.lnl IW:ll~ in the cpuh'.'. kllown llS ~tHti()1I :;a em t.he mup, nnd i~ .in~t a litth' ~hol't of I·I,lIUt) fl'l'l. TIU'ln\\' dfpl'essioll to the ri~ht i~ Ut!at' l'l'!?cl, ra:-:~, with an ch'nltioll nt its summit of l:!.tiOO rel't. Elcnltioll of l:ll~e, U. i:?U f.!t.'t.

~o. 5. SA:>; ~hGt:BL FA.LtS. Heluw 8.1Il ~ligncl Lake the rh'c'I' clt'Stc'''Il...: n~ .. y mpiells in n series of Call$ nnd cascalle~, with n. elil!'l'l" ence in l'Ic.-\'ntiem of 1,UUU fCl·t within th .. ~c milt,~, Thi::, r,,11 is the first of n serifs of thn:e 01' lonr, out! 1)('10\" thl~ otht!', untl is nhont 00 ((I«.'t ill llt~ig-ht..

So. G. TIlE UNCO)(PAGRE ~lot~N"I'A.l~r-;, at till! heael of the L.11~!? Vurk or the Huuni:-tOII, JleHI" Ilnllllie'd Pt·ak. .\. Alimpsl~ of l'call~" Alpillc g.'illlclelll'. 'rhl~ Cl'etlt of the rall~c ill thl' <li.:..:t;l1H~e is nearly ].1,000 fel't hhth. amI CO\'Cl'l'll elecp \'t'ith SIIU\\" ti)l' ~,C)\l1I feet belo\\'. The stnuel'point is ju~t at tilllhl'l',liu\': a ~hort elistancu abo\'o tbe l'oati which Cl'O:$~CS t1H~ range 111..'.\1' by iutu Bn k<.-l"s Piuk.

~o. i. Ymw ON I.JA1\B FORK, lonldllg nil Snare Cl'cel~, Tld'llloint i:-: about t\Teh'o milt·s alltl\',! San l!l'istonll Lata', \\'lll"'l~ th ... canon of I ... uke Fork 01't'1I~ out into quite a It:lllll~l)llIe lit tll~ "nlh.y, caUl'll J)elu!'iull l'ill'k hy Ilnflllel"s ~lIl'\'('y Hi' tbis l"E'gioll ill 1:$;3, hut locall,\' 1.1IOWU us Cot(nlHfoml Yalll.'~'. ..At tlJe rig-lit is Cottonwul1(1 II ill, \Thel'e the \n\~OIH");ltllllakcs a dt"tOlll' high np Oil tlw hill!) to a\'oill an c~tJ'l!lllt'Jy rugged canon.

~o. s. ~rOt;Nl'lIAnv"\'RD, the bigh~st ~nlllmit of th~ Silwntch )(oulltaiu::. l.\'iug we:::t of the he;telwntel'~ of the Al'kan~as. It~ height i~ 14,38-1 fect •• Lying back so far from thc rivcr, it does uut llccnp.\· a l)l'omiuent po~itiou in the "j!?W, the snl'l'otlll<iin;,r foot,hilh~ ]lul'tially hilliug it. III the e1ist:Ulce is it ~lilll,,:)e n\" )(ouut Priuceton. ~(onut Ynlo is a littlu farther lJncl~, I1IltI (loes not show. In the foregl'olllHI is the ,.c\l'lmusa~ Hh'(!l', the stanel point being n rocky blll(1' ] ,000 f~et nbo\'e it.

~o. O. )[ORAtNAL YALLEY. On either side of J..I~" Plata Cl'c\'l" for n distnnce of nbout tbree miles, between the mOl1utnins ntHl the .Arkansas Hi\*er, are immense laternl 11l01'uin~, a\'erngill~ 000 feet in beight, mute witness(ls of the ~r(>at glaciers which ouce filled these ",alleys in the fill' post. 'l'hc ~ranitl' sid~s of tbe canon abo\'e, for :\ distan('~ of fl'olll 5UO to 1,000 t'('~t n bO't'e the creek, nre llt:epls gl'oo\"(~d n1l(1 l'uli~hl:d . by Hlc action of the ic~· stream.

~o. 10, TUB Ul'l'ER Twt~ LAKE. The Twin Lilli~~ of Coiol'.uJO nre r3~t becoming u fa,·orite pleasure,resort 011 m'('ouut of the benut~' of' the snrl'onndings nUll the alJUudanc:e of gaUl~, hoth in nUll ont of the \Tnter. Thry ure formed in the tl'On~h of an oltl glncier, terminal mornins dalUming' it ncl'oss, nraldllg, ill till? til'~t plar.E', tbe lower lal,e, alltl then s(.lparatill~ it from the other, l.'hl! lo\rer is two nntl a half milt!s IonA', Ullel till! nppN' (llIe nnll it hnlt" miles. 'flte \'i~\\" is 1'1'om the uarro\\, ned, dh~iding the Inl.: .... $, ICJoldllg up tlw \'allt".\' or thl.' L:tl~c FOl'k of the .\l'lmll~as, the moullt;lins lJe~'ell1cl ht'lt'll~illg to till' Sa wnteh I';III~~. A I tit nele rtf tl1(~ 1:, li"~, H.j,i j th'r.

~o. 11 . .AUGE~1'l~F. P.u~~ A~" OR,n"s PJ,ali:. a \'ic\\' frolll tilt! \\"(,~t siclu of tim. l'illlge', fmlll I he 1I1'1'l'l' Ii III it or t1"'l'·gl'Owth. .\

J~;:; SERU':S • 71

wClgon,romllms LJc~n cOlIstrllct~ll on~r the pas~, rcaching nn clenltil)lI ut the ~mlUll1it of 1;;,IOU feet, the lJi~hest wUgOll' l'oucl pass ill th~ United Stnte~, From it, magnificeut \'i~W9 (:lIn he had or the S.lwate:h ami I~lk )(ollutaill::;, ~\S well U:I the stll'l'ollluliug peaks of the maiu tlh'itl~. .Mo.-st IH'omineut uUlong thE'1ll i:t GI';1y'::I Pt!al~, us shown ill the \'i~\\*, 1.J.,3-l;J f~et ill hl·ight. .At it::J foot Cll'U some of the sih'el"llline~, fm' which thi~ rl·gi()11 i:il notell, clistiugnisht!ll by th<:ir "shafthous~s" ami" dnmps."

~o. I:!. GEORGETOWN, the capitnl of Clpar Creek Conntr,.pml center of th~ principal sih'er'prOlluciug rl!ginn, i:; situatecl 011 SlJIltil Clenr Creekt clos" to the Sno\vy rang-e, at all !?lenltioll of 8,-l1~ f~et. 011 three sicle~ the mouutains ri:;e up abruptly 2,i';oO fcet. l'he 't"icW' was mallu frulU a trail leading up th~ ~U!)t sid.-, 1,tJOO feet nbo\'e the town.

(~~gnth't!s 5xS,)

~ o· 2-10. SA~D' ui')1 PS, NEt\. R )[OSC.1. 1) ASS. 011 the east l:5itle of San I.uis Yullc.r, Iyiu~ up against )[o~ca and )Iusic Passes: is nn area some ten milcli iu lellgth nnd fonr or ti\'e in bl'eadth, covered with D10uutnins of tinel~',dl'iftet.l sand. Theyaree\'er changing, the pre\'niliug wt!:sterly winds coutinulllly tll'iving them np ngainst the mouutains, until, e\'cutnallr, the intel" ,-euing space will be el1tir~l.r co\'el'c,l.

So.2·U. SJ\.N OUI::;l'OV.1.L LA.KJ..!: a beautiful she~t of \'rater, formed br the damming ttl) ot' the IJake FOl"k of the Gllnni::;on by u. lunc.l,slidc. It i::J lIl-al'ly two lUiles iu lellgth, nud less than half u mile broad at its witle:st place. l~le\·atioll, O,OUO feet.

No. 2-12. ARGEN1',\. FALLS, 1mit' n Utile bclow San Cristonll IJake, nml about !)() feet ill hl!ight. Some elltel'I)l'i:;ing .uinel's, who m'o at \\*ork ulmost beneath t lae thll, 1m \'e coustl'uctcd U lJeat bl'itlgo across it.

~o. ~-l3. I.OWElt !;"AJ.LS OF LAKE FORK. Two rnile:i b~low .Argenta J..'nll::J the l'h'er mnke::J ~lIlothel' lenp about 50 feet, o't"er til" massi\'e gray trachytfS charnctcI'hHic of tbis l'egion.

~os. 24"', ~H;;. UXGO)ll'ACHtE PEA.K, l,I,~:.JJ feet ill height, ns se~1I from n. point abullt thrcu lIIile.s directly east from it. It i:s '" not~d Inudnmrk fl'OIll all the country about, standing h~ml mHI shouldcrs nbo\'a the surrollutlillg mountains.

~os .. 210, !!47. U~(JOJIl).1GnEJ as seeu fWIIl the bend of the CelJolln, tlcurl.v north of tha peak, aUtI showiug the \'cl'tical face of O\'er 1,000 fellt 011 this side of it.

Xos.248, 2,19. US«JOl(P.lGI!~, froUl the l)onthenst, showing' the usunl , route of USCCIlt.

Nos. ~JO, ~"il. CrxxlxGlu,')[ GULfm, f1'onl the cnmp of the miners of the l\[ulIlltaineel' nml ~ol'th Stllr lodes, .OU the smith sitlo of the g'ulch, I,OO() feet nbo\*e tlJe l"nlley. At the leJt is Riug Sololllon .lIolintnin, nUll on tho l'ig'bt Green aUlI cG.11e.ma. )[onutnills, wilh nocl~y Guleh b,ltwe(!II, up which is tim mute of the nal'~l.!:1 Park nlul Jlel :Norte wugull,roml.

So. ~52. O.nIP OF 'J'UE )lIXEHS or tho Xorth Sti\r Hllll 1I0l1ntaine~r Joclt:s, on Kilig Solonwu )(ollntaill, alJo\'e ennniu~hamGI11ch.

~o. 253, UUN~IXGll.\)[ UUL(,Il, looldllg d\)wu 1'1'0111 Hocky Gnlcll, shem", iug'rower .llolilltaill Oil thu opposite shlo of Ihkel";i P~.rkf aud alJo\'c 1l0w'lI'ds\'illc.

78 18;5 SERIES.

Xo. !!J .... CASCADES nt the heall of VUlIniugitam G Illcil, opposite til,· lIigblund ~Jnry mine. . I "

,... I)~:- ,It '(OU .... ·'I'Al'. TR.UL. len(llller rl'om the C:lIllp to the IHIIH'S 01 ... , O. _OJ,). .-'- .l .I... ., r."' I 1 t' I . the )luuntniIlPeI', ~ol'th Slar. &c" nrOllla, nn one u t ll~

spurs of King Sulomon ~[otllltaiu. . ~os. 2;;0 to :!Ul. .A l'.\xon,DIIC ,'IR\\" of the Sn~ JlU~n ,l\fo!lllt.!lIl:; from

the summit of King Sulomon Monntalll, l.l~ijOU tt!t!t III hel;.;ht: l)romillcut on thu horizou nrc tho cJnart~tl~ lll'aks ea.;t 01 the canon of the Allitlln~, Kelll1nll MOllutam, and tLJc h~':hl or Arastm Gulch, anll the illllnell:-;e Iltllll~~l' of [u!ilk$ lylU~ uhont tho heml of thc Cement and Sun )ltglll".1. , •

Xo. !!G:! . .A VIEW OF 1'lIl~ QUARTZITE, l'E.\l~S south ot ]Jllk<:I'S P.ll'I\, from Kill'" Solomon Monntalll. .,

Su.203. A C:\1IP at ll1C.~ loot of (Juullinghulll Gnleh, mlll~t, h.lIIg' Sole)· mOll l\follntnin. ,

:\0.2G4. BAKER'S PARI\, us SC'(!11 from a f!lile brlow lToW~l'I1St'_11I~, ~0~1\: iliA' np townnl the Slilimir. o[ til(! l'allgl~, (:see ~u. Jo.Jij 01 ISi-!- sel'it's.)

~o. !!GJ. TilE ANDIAS RlVER, near the mOt~th of ..:\rash'a Guh:h, look· iner dowll to\\'"Ul'll Sultan i\(olliltalll. .

So. 200. DAI?ER'S P .. uu\, looking south from a poill~ two 1lull's n,uon', IIo\t'un1s\'ille. 011 tim left. Ill'e the sno\\'"-tIPJ1e(1 SlllllUlltS ul Gnleo'l Kitw Snlolllon, allli K~ndall :\[onlltallls.

~o. 2G'. DE'AD c~~· AnAS1'R.\ GULCH, ll.ll~el'·:; Pm'!.:. (St!e SH. 135 of 187 4: s(~rie~.) _ .

So. !!GS. LAI~"~ SAN ~hGUEL. (See Xos. IuO to 153 o~ 18. 4 Rerles.) Xo. 2G!J, BOREN'S FALLS, in the Ln., Plata.' ~~n.nta~lJS a!J(1 lle:U" tbe

. souren of La PI:ita Hh'el'; IS abont It) f.,~t III height: ~os. 270; !!,l. HEAD Ol~ HORE:.;'S UULCII, southe1'll (;tce ol tite La

Pinta MOl1lltnill~. Xo. 37!!. GOLD·)n~ING IN BORE~tS GULCII. .. . ~o. 2i;t. BOREN'S CAJUN, tite hOl~e of the bel'lDlt-l~ke. UIIII~'I', \Tho,

, thonQ'h living alone, diHt!rs from the herUllt III LJelllg n~ry glatt to s~e t'isitol's.

Xo. ~'a. BAT1'LE UOClI\: ON TOE i\IcEL)IO. (See Xos. 163-10;:; of 1874 , series.) .

2\0.275. RUINS at the junction of the l'IcElmo am1 Hot'euweoJl., consl.~t· iug of a great square rock pcrcited upon a cowmnudlllg pomt of the w(!sa, upon which nre t.ite ruins of.'" ~l1(lt.'I·~tr~tctl\l'e. Below and close under the rock are the rums 01 nuuther bnihIillg. .

Nos. 276, 277, 27~. CANON OF THE SAN J,UA.."'{.-A few wlles 1JC'1~'" tbe month of the Rio De Cll(~l1y IInmeuse great wulls of d51 rk-brown sandstone hem the rit'er clo$ely in, antI wll,ich gl'O\Y ill l,..jo-ht aUlI cfO\ftl still closer 111)Oll the river tlUUI tilt'S cui· mh~ate in the grent canon of the Coiormlo.

:So, 2;1). PUNClI A~D ,JUDY, two solitnrs I~nobs left stnnc1in~ tl)101: ,t1!C edrre of the tnLJle·hllul$ LJord(!riug tho San .Jnnn HI\'c,', .Illls riv~r nfion1s au e:tcdlcllt stul1y of the Slllldstones of titlS re·

gion. c.1' I 1.' ~ :So. !!80. CLIFF RUINS in the rocl~s of t.he mesas bor ermg t Ie dO "_all Juan. . ,: 1

:So. 281. OAS,\ DEL Bco, a ruin occnllying a. .I~l'C'a! Sellll?,u'Ct! Ill' ea,'C', 2JO feet in diamet(!r, 011 the sonth Side ot the J\l() _Sun J~lfill.

1\os.282 to. 286. UUINR Oli' A CAVE-'rOWN, in thc lower calion of. tlal! Uio de Oh('llr con!\i~tiug of n scril'S of "OOIll~ or htHl:-oC'8 III n. long cn\'e'liIi~ cl'C!\'ice in the sit1e of tbe bll1n: Th4.'Y nt'"

1"87u SERIES. 79

ncarly G001 feet in leugth, a ground pilln showing them a~l counected in one solid mass. A. central tht'ee·story tower 1:5 a llromiut'nt feature among them. The town is elevated about 50 feet above the valley, while the overhanging bluff extends up some 200 feet abot'e it. The abol'"e ft~e \"ie\Ts show the town from every point and in all its details.

Xos. ~87, 2~S. RUINS IN l\loN'.rEZIDIA. UA~mf. Betwee~ the ril'"er :Uancos and the Colorado Clliion is a wide waste of arid, desolate. cOllntry, without auy til-ing stl'eams, es:cepting 1\ few that rise iu the Sierra Abajo, and are ~oon swallowed up by the dry plnins at its fcet. The drainage tesulting frorn winter rains is carried oft' throngh the numberless calions which intersect the plateaus in every direction, and are per •. rectJy dry e~ceptiug tlnriug the rainy seasou. The )Iontezuma is the principal one of these "washes" debouching into the San Juan, auel which, with its ramificatious, occupies all the country betn'een EI Late nnll the Sierl'a .A.bnjo. Throughout its wnin braueh are scattered inuumerable ruins of towns, both in '\"allej" and npon the blutl~, curious little cliff-houses, towns, amI temples. No. 287 represeuts a large mass of rnins, a peculinr t(~ature of wbich is 1\ series of large stones Aet upon eud anel projecting 5 to 1 feet abo\"e the s~rfuce. :No. 288 is a near \"iew of the group.

:S0.2S!J. RUINS IN JIONTEZIDIA OA8o~, situated upon one of the maoy isolated buttes, or mesas, which OCCllr thronghout the canon, and consisting ofa long building subdivided iuto eight smaller rooms, with n round tower at one en~ and a la~ge squ~re inclosure at the side. Its most pecuhar feature IS the ~Ize of the stones forming the walls, being very much larger than any et'er obser\"ed.

So. ~!!JO. "AI'OR-ToWER. Extendiug north from the rh'er San Jnan from opposite the mouth of the D~ Chelly, is a canon which runs up to the base of the Sierra Abnjo. From the brackish llClture of the water which occurs in one portion of it, the calion is kuown as Epsom Creek Olliion, the water tastiug like that salli. The main caiion bas not many ruius, but all

. its side branches contaiu large numbers Df tow-ers and cliff· bOltSes. Our T'iew is of a square tower upon au inaccessible rock, cOlDmanding a wide view.

Xo.291. CAVE-HOUSE in one of the side callons of Epsom Creek. . Sos. 202, !!93. CLIFF-HOUSES. Nearthe bead of oneof these side cnllons,

nearly on the divide between Epsom Creek and the Colorado, is {1, large group of cliff,holtses, plasterecI np high in the ctevices of the walls bordering the caiion. No. 292 is a near view of onp, and No. 293 a distant view showiQg se\"eral.

Xos. 201,205. UA.VE ROCKS. Between the Sierra A.LJajo and La Sal, in the great basin·like depression fldling to\f'ard the Colorado, are t, number of red and white ~andstolle buttes, wh.ich dig. (llay in a marked wanner their tendency to weatber into grent circular C~l'"es, affording the favorite building·sites of the prehistoric man of this region. These particular rocks, however, give 00 indications of ever haviug been occupied.

. III the distance on the right is the Sierra;La Sal. ~o. ~OG. VIEW SOUTH FROlI TE'QUA, showing Se·clll11n-~-way and ][0-

qui f three l""iIIages of tile lIoqtiis, situated midway between the SIllI Juan aud the J.,ittle Colorado Rh·ers, aLJont one hUD-

80 .11'('(1 lIlil.,~\\'~~t uf Furt ])l'tia I1C'(\, ill .:\ rizu~~a. ,1'11,:,\' '1t'~'11 i '\ nearly thc t!ntia'c ~nllllllit or n uU'~a about (,UU )l'ct III 1H'1;.:.IIi, anti so unrruw nt tue ~CJl1thl'.I'1i ,eud, lI~al' )fOqlll, that (lilt! ":111 reach ncl'OS;S fhuH OlW p~rl'l'lHll(:lllal' face to t I!C otlll'1'. .

X "!li. 1'11£ lIor:;(o~ lll-' 'rill:: {,!.\l'lTAX (){o' 'r~,C~~" A, l'ho\\,llI1! ~I:l' IU'(:1I1I:,r ~ o. - art'hih~ctl1l'e uf' the :Uuclui::1, .Al'.ee~:i 1$ al\\'''~':$ glllllt'tI h." h,III.

cll'l'~ to tllC ~ccullCl ticlflr, alltl th(\II(~e .lIy :HUII~ ::m:l';-;~ llt!t~II,!" . thu bni!dillg to tiu! third l'tm i~:; anti tbe l'ClUJ., '1 ht,y 11\',,' 1:1

tllO u1'per "~turil'~~ 1'1'~"1 "illg tlw 10,,"l'l' ullt.:S tOl' \\tll'k'l'OIlI\l~ nuel ~tOnlgl'. . , . I l'

:So. ~WS. )h)('Uf, .A Il('al' \'il'\\' of tim "illt'ge', ~htl\nll~ lll, t 1(\, c 1:-,t;lI!C'" ~.;, ~~IG. upun the lil'~t hl'lIl'h llt,!ow thl' ,l'IIIIIIlHt ul!hl' mC.'~;1 Ilro the "Itat and ~hE'(~1l l'OlTllI::;. IIItO WhlCli ~Iwy ell l\'? till-II' nUcli~ e\~cry uight, 'I'he Sllllllllit~ npoll which ~he "Ill",~c'$ ilre built:tt'(! tl~\'uill ur l:\'{'U thl' ~hght(\::it trace ot \'l'gr-.tatlOIl. 'Yutcr is enniccl up in l:ll'g'c ('m'thl'!l .in~:; fnm' :o'I'IJIIg:-; at the foot of the lU~:)at allcl tlwil' woocl 1'1'0111 the llll;~a:\ ~Ollll! li",' (11' six miles a \\'u ~'. ., "1

So. :!Utl. SUE l'_U"L,,,\,\\,BE • .A "ieW \\'it,hiu t~IC (~Olll't of .oB,e III tilC ,':1 . Illgl!S 11[1011 am~~n alwut ,t-IX 1ll,lh'~ \n's~ ot ~"".'lll:t. ~ ] I,I~' huu:,('s ilrc :ICCl'~~Il.tlc ollly h'lIll1 WI tlllll, tIll t)llt!"uh: \\ •• ll:qllc, scuting it pel'feet blallk. , , _,,' '.

SI', JUII. )loo·sn,\.-~l,:l[. "POll thl' l'xt('Ul'llIll of the !"I('::;:I, .~ncll"'tlltllb hOlm

She.panl.n.w·l'l'. It is hill'll to dil':'tillgIU$ 1 If ta,(Hll Ie roc~:o; np:m \rhich it is lmilt. In tilt! distalll.!e we look out unull the Paiutell IJl'~('l't ulIII (hc ph,ills of the Littlc~ euJ~l'jlllo.

Xo jUl. SIIOXG·A·l'AU,W££t Huothl'l' uf the M!\'CU )[O'llllS plwhl~!;~ :\, - . :;hol't distallce wc·:,t (If SIll',p:tllla,\\,Pl't n[llJll it :::1'111' ut thl~

::i:lwe mesa tllnt it i:; built UpOll. , :x "0" 1I0l'~E (I}' Tim C.\PI'1',\~ O}.' SllOXG·,\·l'..1.U·WEE, lIllllt of llll" - o. ,) -, dre~sell stum', .anti plilstel'NI O\-CI' \rith Utlobi~ mol'ti:r, us nil

the otlIer:; of th~ ~~n~u "ilJng~s are ul:o:o. ~~:t1'1~: all of tlIu lmihliugs ure of tlll'ec stol'h~~, :tl'l'angetl ~ft(~l' thIS ~cnt!r:ll style. sume fuw bciug lletncllt~d, llUt Ulore 11't!clllelltJy 1lI ~olltl bJocl~~. 1 .

:x s 30:3 to :m3. Guoel'S OF TIn; )[E)[uERS OF TIlE srn':EY eug;lgel III ~ 0 • the (\sploration of thc Hnuth ~t"~t. 'fite la~t new l'cpL'c~euts

, il lUountain CXll~riellcl', ill which it wngoll IS tal\:~tl to PU?Cl'S, packed llPllll the backs of Il~ule~, and ~O. tl'nIJSI!Ol'~cll O\'~l' !1~e morc rugged llnl:)se~, where It would bc Itllposslble to clr •• " It.

STEnEOSCOl'lC SERIES.

~os. 900, UOI. SA.N CUIS1'OY.r1L L.\'!i'E. ~o. 9U!t ARGE~l'A }'ALLS, IJaim E ork • .xos. uO:J-uun. LOWER FALLS OF L_\I~E FO.UK. ~os. 907, 9US. USCOlWA.GHE jIOl!Xl'AIX, f,rulU the east. ~os. 90U, 910. UXeO)1PAGnE )loux'l'.\I)i, ~1'01ll th(' sOl1th. ~os. 91l-Ul;;. U:'iCOlIP.\.(mE )[OCXl''\'I~, 1.'orn the Iwrlh. _ Xos. 914, mae YJEw:)oC('l[acl'o~s fll'IIi'OUCrl'c!I~, frotll llt!al' t: J:Clllllpllgl'".

Xo.91O. lh'O)i 'filE Sl::'IIlIl'l'. , ' Xos. !H;, ttiS. CUNXl~m(.\)r Ol'LC'U, from the Ihghl~llltl )J!ll'~' 1lIJ1~(!. Nos, 9W, !J~U, CGXNl~G·lI.D[ (lcu:Jl, Juoldug c10\\,11 fmm l,ucl\~' (,nIdi. Xo. !l:?l. Yn~w t:l' Cl~XXIXOII.\)[ (; 171.0Il, frolll 1Il'ill' 1I1I~-:ll'Cls\'lIl.,. '-TOS fI"'" f,'-") (~& )11' I': B '\ I\En'~ PAR 1\, neal' Howllnl:;nlll'. _" • ,, __ , • _.-,. ., .. 1.. • ..

~os. t1~·1, U:!J. I10W.\H()~\'1LLE, Ui!kl'I,'8 P .. l'I~.

1875 SER[ES. 81

Sos. D~0-92~. CASCADIo;S nt the benll of Cunningham Gulch. Nos. D:?!l-031. TRAIL TO TUE NOUTH STA.R lUXE, Clluuiuglmm Gulch. Nos. 93~, 9:J3. "'lEW FR<nt l'nE S(;)()UT of King Solomoll Mountuiu. X o~, 934-, 035. RAKEUtS P AUK, louking up from belO\f' Hmvnl'cls,·ilIe. NO!i, 930, 93;. llAl~EH'S PARK, "ie\\, on tlle .;\uiJUns, near mouth of .:l.l'as·

tra Gulcb. ' Nos. 938, 939 . .c\'RASl'RA. GULOH. Nos. 9,10, 9U. llOREX'S CA..~C.r1DE. La Pinta Mountnins. Nos. U-l~, U43. HEAD OF BOREN'S Gl'U1IIt LIL Platn )[ollutnius. No. 94-1, "PUNCH AND JUDY," h;olutetl saullstuue mouuUleuts of the San

Junu Rh·er. Nos. 9..15-9-17. VIEWS IN THE CA.NON O}' THE SAN JUAN, belO\v the

mouth of the Rio De ellell.\". No. 948. CAVE ROCKS, near the Sierra La Sal. Nos. 949-UJ1. Ih~l:,\S ut the juuctiou of the ~IcEIDJO Rnd Ho\-enweell

Oaftons. Nos. 952-95-1. CA YE·RUINS in the bluffs of'el'hnngiug the San Juan

Ril-er. ' No. 955. CLIFF-BOUSE on tIle San Juan. Nos, 950,95;. C..1.S..1. DEL ~CO, n rewlll'kallle en\"e·ruiu 011 the San Juau. Nos. 958-002. UUI~S OF A LARGE CA. VE·'IOWN in the )o\rel' caiiou of tbe

Rio De Uhell~·. No. 963. CAVE·HOUSE iu 1\ side canon of Epsom Creek. No. 904. RUIN IN l\ION1.'EZU~1A. CA~ON. contniuiug stones or uuusual

~- '

Nos. 965, 961i. RUINS IN l\fONTEZU)IA CAXON, t!lJcirelecl by large stolles set ulu'ight in the earth. .

No. 967. MOQul. :No. ~OS. VIEW IN SHE·P.1.UL-A-WEE. No. 960. VIEW IN TE QUA. No. 970. NUll,PAy·\,U. No_ Uil. O~ TilE LOOKOUT. Nos. 9i2, 9,3 . .A. BAKER.'S PAUI( :'IULK·C.\'R'1'.

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