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9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System. 2 Main Divisions: CNS and PNS CNS: Central Nervous System the bodies coordinating centre for mechanical and chemical actions. Brain and Spinal Cord PNS : Peripheral Nervous System - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System
• 2 Main Divisions: CNS and PNS CNS: Central Nervous System
the bodies coordinating centre for mechanical and chemical actions. Brain and Spinal Cord
PNS : Peripheral Nervous System all parts of the nervous system (excluding brain and
spinal cord) that relay information between the CNS and other parts of body . Not covered in bone.Has 2 divisions: Autonomic and Somatic
DIVISIONS of the NERVOUS SYSTEM
SOMATIC NERVES
• Voluntary control• Skeletal muscle, bones, skin
• Sensory somatic nerves relay info. About the environment to the CNS
• Motor somatic nerves initiate a response
AUTONOMIC NERVES
Special motor nerves that control the internal organs of the body
Has 2 Divisions: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Sympathetic: stimulatory, prepares body for stressParasympathetic: calming, returns body to normal
Together they operate as “on-off” switches
Neuron –Nerve Cell
• 2 difft. types of cells exist in NS.: Glial & Neurons
• Glial: nonconducting, structure support and metabolism role
• Neurons: functional units of NS (3 categories)– Sensory Neurons (afferent)– Motor Neurons (efferent)– Interneurons: link neurons within body,primarily in brain
and s cord. Integrate and interpret sensory info. Connect neurons to outgoing motor neurons.
Sensory neurons
• Carry impulses from sensory receptors to CNS• Ex eye photoreceptors,nose tongue chemoreceptors• Relay in clusters called ganglia outside of the sp. Cord
Motor and Sensory Neuron
Motor Neurons
• Carry impulses from CNS to effectors– Muscles, organs, glands
STRUCTURE of a NEURON
NERVE
Axonal Bouton-Terminal
Neuron Structure
• Cell Body (soma): Receives,processes and coordinates info
Axon: carries nerve impulses away from cell body Dendrites: Carry impulses, info to the cell bodyMyelin Sheath: insulated covering over axonNodes of Ranvier: gaps in myelin along axonSchwann Cells: glial cells that produce myelinBouton: end of axon, contains neurotransmittersNeurilemna: membrane surrounding some axons, promotes
regeneration of SOME damaged neurons, not grey matter
REFLEX ARC
SUMMARY
HOMEWORK
•PAGE 417 # 4-6