90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

CentreCentre

Undermount

Undermount

PEELPEEL

‘‘V’ Hinge

V’ Hinge

Artwork

Artwork

‘‘Z’ Hinge

Z’ Hinge

‘‘V’/’Z’ H

inges

V’/’Z’ H

inges

‘‘V’/’Z’ H

inges

V’/’Z’ H

inges

CONSERVATION CONSERVATION MOUNTING AND HINGINGMOUNTING AND HINGING

CONSERVATION CONSERVATION MOUNTING AND HINGINGMOUNTING AND HINGING

FRAMING MYTHSFRAMING MYTHSFRAMING MYTHSFRAMING MYTHS

Mal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF Adv

EXPLAINEDEXPLAINEDEXPLAINEDEXPLAINED

This seminar is based on two ABT articlesThis seminar is based on two ABT articlesunder the general headingunder the general heading

FRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINEDFRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINED

This seminar is based on two ABT articlesThis seminar is based on two ABT articlesunder the general headingunder the general heading

FRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINEDFRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINED

Tapes and hingesTapes and hingesTapes and hingesTapes and hinges

Ref: Conservation Mounting Ref: Conservation Mounting by by

Joanna M KosekJoanna M Kosek

Mount boardMount boardMount boardMount board

FRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINEDFRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINEDFRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINEDFRAMING MYTHS EXPLAINED

ENEMIES OF ARTWORKENEMIES OF ARTWORKENEMIES OF ARTWORKENEMIES OF ARTWORK

Paper and fabrics are essentially organic by Paper and fabrics are essentially organic by nature and nature and

such it will degrade over timesuch it will degrade over time

Paper and fabrics are essentially organic by Paper and fabrics are essentially organic by nature and nature and

such it will degrade over timesuch it will degrade over time

The rate of degradation will depend upon the The rate of degradation will depend upon the following factors:following factors:

The rate of degradation will depend upon the The rate of degradation will depend upon the following factors:following factors:

Relative HumidityRelative Humidity

Light Light

HeatHeat

Acids and AlkalisAcids and Alkalis

Biological Problems – Insects and Mould Biological Problems – Insects and Mould

Techniques and Materials used in FramingTechniques and Materials used in Framing

Relative HumidityRelative Humidity

Light Light

HeatHeat

Acids and AlkalisAcids and Alkalis

Biological Problems – Insects and Mould Biological Problems – Insects and Mould

Techniques and Materials used in FramingTechniques and Materials used in Framing

The environmental factors initiate degradation mechanisms that The environmental factors initiate degradation mechanisms that include: include:

hydrolysis, oxidation and cross linkinghydrolysis, oxidation and cross linking

The environmental factors initiate degradation mechanisms that The environmental factors initiate degradation mechanisms that include: include:

hydrolysis, oxidation and cross linkinghydrolysis, oxidation and cross linking

RELATIVE HUMIDITYRELATIVE HUMIDITYRELATIVE HUMIDITYRELATIVE HUMIDITY

Major problem that contributes, influences and triggers many Major problem that contributes, influences and triggers many of the factorsof the factors

Major problem that contributes, influences and triggers many Major problem that contributes, influences and triggers many of the factorsof the factors

FATG’s Normal Conditions:FATG’s Normal Conditions:Out of Direct SunlightOut of Direct Sunlight

Temperature Range 10C - 25CTemperature Range 10C - 25CRelative Humidity 40% - 60%Relative Humidity 40% - 60%

FATG’s Normal Conditions:FATG’s Normal Conditions:Out of Direct SunlightOut of Direct Sunlight

Temperature Range 10C - 25CTemperature Range 10C - 25CRelative Humidity 40% - 60%Relative Humidity 40% - 60%

Defined as the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can hold at a Defined as the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can hold at a given temperature.given temperature.

Defined as the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can hold at a Defined as the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can hold at a given temperature.given temperature.

100,000ml100,000ml100,000ml100,000ml

Cubic MetreCubic MetreCubic MetreCubic Metre

= Equilibrium == Equilibrium == Equilibrium == Equilibrium =

50% RH50% RH20C20C

50% RH50% RH20C20C

8.56ml8.56ml8.56ml8.56ml

Cubic MetreCubic MetreCubic MetreCubic Metre

COCKLINGCOCKLINGCOCKLINGCOCKLING

If artwork is hinged in such a way that it If artwork is hinged in such a way that it restricts expansion and contraction -it will restricts expansion and contraction -it will If artwork is hinged in such a way that it If artwork is hinged in such a way that it restricts expansion and contraction -it will restricts expansion and contraction -it will

COCKLECOCKLE COCKLECOCKLE

BUCKLINGBUCKLINGBUCKLINGBUCKLINGShould the artwork be

taped: at all four corners

or around all four edges then it will

Should the artwork be taped:

at all four cornersor around all four edges

then it will

BUCKLEBUCKLEBUCKLEBUCKLE

MOUNTBOARD STANDARDSMOUNTBOARD STANDARDSMOUNTBOARD STANDARDSMOUNTBOARD STANDARDS

Published in 2004 by the FATGPublished in 2004 by the FATGPublished in 2004 by the FATGPublished in 2004 by the FATG

Following extensive discussion between Following extensive discussion between manufacturers and suppliers in Europe and the USAmanufacturers and suppliers in Europe and the USA

Following extensive discussion between Following extensive discussion between manufacturers and suppliers in Europe and the USAmanufacturers and suppliers in Europe and the USA

Terms used are taken from both Terms used are taken from both Textile and Paper-making industriesTextile and Paper-making industries

Terms used are taken from both Terms used are taken from both Textile and Paper-making industriesTextile and Paper-making industries

Relate to the composition and characteristics Relate to the composition and characteristics of papers and boards used in framingof papers and boards used in framing

Relate to the composition and characteristics Relate to the composition and characteristics of papers and boards used in framingof papers and boards used in framing

Three categoriesThree categoriesThree categoriesThree categories

Cotton MuseumCotton MuseumCotton MuseumCotton Museum ConservationConservationConservationConservation StandardStandardStandardStandard

Mount PackageMount PackageMount PackageMount Package

Conservation HingingConservation HingingConservation HingingConservation Hinging

The Use of inappropriate Techniques and The Use of inappropriate Techniques and Materials Materials

Will damage artworkWill damage artwork

The Use of inappropriate Techniques and The Use of inappropriate Techniques and Materials Materials

Will damage artworkWill damage artwork

Under mount hinged to window mountUnder mount hinged to window mountalong the longest sidealong the longest side

Under mount hinged to window mountUnder mount hinged to window mountalong the longest sidealong the longest side

Artwork must Artwork must NEVERNEVER be taped be taped all along the top edgeall along the top edgeacross all four cornersacross all four corners

along all four sides along all four sides

Artwork must Artwork must NEVERNEVER be taped be taped all along the top edgeall along the top edgeacross all four cornersacross all four corners

along all four sides along all four sides

Artwork should be hinged to an Artwork should be hinged to an undermountundermount

Artwork should be hinged to an Artwork should be hinged to an undermountundermount

Tapes and AdhesivesTapes and AdhesivesTapes and AdhesivesTapes and Adhesives

Most methods of hinging involves the use of tapes and/or adhesives Most methods of hinging involves the use of tapes and/or adhesives Most methods of hinging involves the use of tapes and/or adhesives Most methods of hinging involves the use of tapes and/or adhesives

Classifies tapes and adhesives for mounting and framing artworkClassifies tapes and adhesives for mounting and framing artworkClassifies tapes and adhesives for mounting and framing artworkClassifies tapes and adhesives for mounting and framing artwork

Links to the Guild’s 5 levels of framingLinks to the Guild’s 5 levels of framingLinks to the Guild’s 5 levels of framingLinks to the Guild’s 5 levels of framing

Highlights 6 key points when hingingHighlights 6 key points when hingingHighlights 6 key points when hingingHighlights 6 key points when hinging

FATG’s FATG’s Tapes and Adhesives DocumentTapes and Adhesives Document

FATG’s FATG’s Tapes and Adhesives DocumentTapes and Adhesives Document

HINGING KEY HINGING KEY PointsPoints HINGING KEY HINGING KEY PointsPoints

Masking tape etc not suitable Masking tape etc not suitable Masking tape etc not suitable Masking tape etc not suitable

Upgrade to a better quality Upgrade to a better quality Upgrade to a better quality Upgrade to a better quality

Attach hinge to back of artwork Attach hinge to back of artwork (5mm)(5mm)

no part of hinge to overlap onto the no part of hinge to overlap onto the frontfront

Attach hinge to back of artwork Attach hinge to back of artwork (5mm)(5mm)

no part of hinge to overlap onto the no part of hinge to overlap onto the frontfront

too much hinge takes longer to reversetoo much hinge takes longer to reverse increased likelihood of damageincreased likelihood of damage

too much hinge takes longer to reversetoo much hinge takes longer to reverse increased likelihood of damageincreased likelihood of damage

Hinge paper weaker than artworkHinge paper weaker than artworkHinge paper weaker than artworkHinge paper weaker than artwork

At Conservation level any self adhesive tape must be 12mm At Conservation level any self adhesive tape must be 12mm from artworkfrom artwork

At Conservation level any self adhesive tape must be 12mm At Conservation level any self adhesive tape must be 12mm from artworkfrom artwork

MOUNTINGMOUNTINGMOUNTINGMOUNTING

Consider 4 different mount stylesConsider 4 different mount stylesConsider 4 different mount stylesConsider 4 different mount styles

Shadow Float MountShadow Float MountShadow Float MountShadow Float Mount

Standard Overthrow MountStandard Overthrow Mount‘‘Clip Mounted’Clip Mounted’

Standard Overthrow MountStandard Overthrow Mount‘‘Clip Mounted’Clip Mounted’

Float MountFloat MountFloat MountFloat Mount

Inset MountInset Mount‘‘Clip Mounted’Clip Mounted’

Inset MountInset Mount‘‘Clip Mounted’Clip Mounted’

HINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTS

Number and LocationNumber and LocationDependent on size and weight of artworkDependent on size and weight of artwork

Number and LocationNumber and LocationDependent on size and weight of artworkDependent on size and weight of artwork

Hinges placed at corners may result in Hinges placed at corners may result in cocklingcockling

due to sideways stress due to sideways stress

Hinges placed at corners may result in Hinges placed at corners may result in cocklingcockling

due to sideways stress due to sideways stress

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

90

CentreCentre1/8 of total1/8 of total

widthwidth

90

90

90

90

CentreCentre1/4 of total1/4 of total

widthwidth

HINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTSHINGING - KEY POINTS

SHEAR AND PEELSHEAR AND PEELSHEAR AND PEELSHEAR AND PEEL

Hinge in ‘SHEAR’ Hinge in ‘SHEAR’ is considerably stronger than is considerably stronger than

one in ‘PEEL’one in ‘PEEL’

Hinge in ‘SHEAR’ Hinge in ‘SHEAR’ is considerably stronger than is considerably stronger than

one in ‘PEEL’one in ‘PEEL’

ShearShear

ArtworkArtwork

‘‘T’ HingeT’ Hinge

PeelPeel

‘‘V’/’Z’ HingeV’/’Z’ Hinge

T- HINGET- HINGET- HINGET- HINGE

Comprises two strips of paperComprises two strips of paperComprises two strips of paperComprises two strips of paper

Small gap on second hinge Small gap on second hinge allows for movement allows for movement

Small gap on second hinge Small gap on second hinge allows for movement allows for movement

Normally used when clip mountingNormally used when clip mountingNormally used when clip mountingNormally used when clip mounting

Most Common hinge Most Common hinge Most Common hinge Most Common hinge

T- hingeT- hingeT- hingeT- hinge

T- HINGE IRREGULAR SHAPEST- HINGE IRREGULAR SHAPEST- HINGE IRREGULAR SHAPEST- HINGE IRREGULAR SHAPES

Effective when hinging prints with Effective when hinging prints with irregular edgesirregular edges

Effective when hinging prints with Effective when hinging prints with irregular edgesirregular edges

Circular and semi-circular shapesCircular and semi-circular shapesCircular and semi-circular shapesCircular and semi-circular shapes Shape with irregular edgesShape with irregular edgesShape with irregular edgesShape with irregular edges

‘‘V’ AND ‘Z’ HINGESV’ AND ‘Z’ HINGES‘‘V’ AND ‘Z’ HINGESV’ AND ‘Z’ HINGES

Weak hinge because in PEELWeak hinge because in PEELWeak hinge because in PEELWeak hinge because in PEEL

Thickness of hinge can Thickness of hinge can indent artworkindent artwork

Thickness of hinge can Thickness of hinge can indent artworkindent artwork

Can be used with Can be used with ‘‘Pass through’ hingePass through’ hinge

Can be used with Can be used with ‘‘Pass through’ hingePass through’ hinge

Most often used when float mountingMost often used when float mountingMost often used when float mountingMost often used when float mounting UndermountUndermount

PEELPEEL

‘‘V’ HingeV’ Hinge

ArtworkArtwork

‘‘Z’ HingeZ’ Hinge

‘‘V’/’Z’ HingesV’/’Z’ Hinges‘‘V’/’Z’ HingesV’/’Z’ Hinges

‘‘V’ AND ‘Z’ HINGESV’ AND ‘Z’ HINGES‘‘V’ AND ‘Z’ HINGESV’ AND ‘Z’ HINGES

UndermountUndermount

ArtworkArtwork

Pass Through HingePass Through Hinge

HingeHinge

‘‘PASS THROUGH’ HINGEPASS THROUGH’ HINGE‘‘PASS THROUGH’ HINGEPASS THROUGH’ HINGE

Excellent HingeExcellent Hinge Excellent HingeExcellent Hinge

Strong Strong and and

securesecure

Provides Strong SupportProvides Strong SupportProvides Strong SupportProvides Strong Support

Tape passes through slits in support boardTape passes through slits in support boardTape passes through slits in support boardTape passes through slits in support board

Hinge secured on back ofHinge secured on back of support boardsupport board

Hinge secured on back ofHinge secured on back of support boardsupport board

‘‘PASS THROUGH’ HINGEPASS THROUGH’ HINGE‘‘PASS THROUGH’ HINGEPASS THROUGH’ HINGE

PASS THROUGH HINGEPASS THROUGH HINGESHADOW FLOATSHADOW FLOAT

PASS THROUGH HINGEPASS THROUGH HINGESHADOW FLOATSHADOW FLOAT

FoamboardFoamboard

UndermountUndermount

ArtworkArtwork

HingeHinge

Excellent HingeExcellent Hinge Excellent HingeExcellent Hinge

Strong Strong and and

securesecure

Provides Strong SupportProvides Strong SupportProvides Strong SupportProvides Strong Support

Tape passes through slits in foamboardTape passes through slits in foamboardTape passes through slits in foamboardTape passes through slits in foamboard

Hinge secured on back ofHinge secured on back of foamboardfoamboard

Hinge secured on back ofHinge secured on back of foamboardfoamboard

Foamboard glued to under mountFoamboard glued to under mountFoamboard glued to under mountFoamboard glued to under mount

PASS THROUGH HINGEPASS THROUGH HINGESHADOW FLOATSHADOW FLOAT

PASS THROUGH HINGEPASS THROUGH HINGESHADOW FLOATSHADOW FLOAT

CONSERVATION HINGINGCONSERVATION HINGINGCONSERVATION HINGINGCONSERVATION HINGING

Final Point to RememberFinal Point to RememberFinal Point to RememberFinal Point to Remember

Framers Role is to Preserve and ProtectFramers Role is to Preserve and Protectthe Artwork the Artwork

Framers Role is to Preserve and ProtectFramers Role is to Preserve and Protectthe Artwork the Artwork

Hence: the chosen method of mounting Hence: the chosen method of mounting should not interfere with the should not interfere with the

original condition of the artworkoriginal condition of the artwork

Hence: the chosen method of mounting Hence: the chosen method of mounting should not interfere with the should not interfere with the

original condition of the artworkoriginal condition of the artwork

CONSERVATION HINGINGCONSERVATION HINGINGMOUNTING WITHOUT ADHESIVESMOUNTING WITHOUT ADHESIVES

CONSERVATION HINGINGCONSERVATION HINGINGMOUNTING WITHOUT ADHESIVESMOUNTING WITHOUT ADHESIVES

There are a variety of methods of mounting There are a variety of methods of mounting artworkartwork

that do not require the use of adhesivesthat do not require the use of adhesives

There are a variety of methods of mounting There are a variety of methods of mounting artworkartwork

that do not require the use of adhesivesthat do not require the use of adhesives

These might include:These might include:

Corner pockets/stripsCorner pockets/stripsmounting stripsmounting stripsencapsulation encapsulation

These might include:These might include:

Corner pockets/stripsCorner pockets/stripsmounting stripsmounting stripsencapsulation encapsulation

Conservation Conservation Mounting and HingingMounting and Hinging

Conservation Conservation Mounting and HingingMounting and Hinging

Mal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF AdvMal Reynolds GCF Adv

FramingWorkshopsFramingWorkshops

Harlequin Frames, LincolnshireHarlequin Frames, Lincolnshire

Textile, conservation & 3D framing workshopsTextile, conservation & 3D framing workshopsIndividually designed to meet your requirementsIndividually designed to meet your requirements

Contact: Mal Reynolds GCF AdvContact: Mal Reynolds GCF Adv0167386024901673860249

mal@harlequin-frames.co.uk

FramingWorkshopsFramingWorkshops

Harlequin Frames, LincolnshireHarlequin Frames, Lincolnshire

Textile, conservation & 3D framing workshopsTextile, conservation & 3D framing workshopsIndividually designed to meet your requirementsIndividually designed to meet your requirements

Contact: Mal Reynolds GCF AdvContact: Mal Reynolds GCF Adv0167386024901673860249

mal@harlequin-frames.co.uk