The Protestant Reformation

9th Grade Social StudiesFall 2011 Unit 3

Martin Luther began a movement to reform

the practices of the Catholic Church that he believed were wrong. Reformation leaders did not intend to destroy Christian unity but rather redefine it.

Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism produced a dramatically new religious map.

Catholic revival, and new tools such as the powerful Jesuit order, preserved much of territory for Catholicism, but it could not stem division.

The result was a period of confusion and considerable conflict, including concern

about witchcraft.

The Big Picture

Why we study this unit:

Martin Luther's protests over the abuses in the Catholic Church led to a permanent split within Christianity.

Nearly one-fifth of the Christians in today's world are Protestants

The Reformation's questioning of beliefs and authority laid the ground work for the Enlightenment.

Essential Questions:

1. How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism?

2. How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings?

3. What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?

Essential Questions:

4. What were the effects of Protestantism in England?

5. What reforms were made in the Catholic Church?

6. What were the religious and social effects of the Counter-Reformation?

Units:

Last Unit: The Renaissance Current Unit: Protestant

Reformation Next Unit: Absolutism

Learning Activity/Assessment

10/28: Protestant Reformation part 1

11/1: Causes of Reformation chart 11/1: Divisions of Christianity

notes 11/1: Religions chart 11/3: Luther Flowchart 11/3: Spread of Protestantism Qs

11/3: Spread of Protestantism Qs 11/7: Actions/Reactions notes 11/7: Luther/Calvin Diagram 11/7: Reformers Chart 11/7: Protestantism Spreads to England Qs 11/10: Henry VIII video notes 11/10: Tudor Family Tree 11/14: Actions of the English Monarchs 11/14: English Reformation video notes 11/14: Elizabethan Settlement ppt. 11/14: Counter-Reformation part 1 chart

Learning Activity/Assessment

11/14: Counter-Reformation part 1 chart 11/16: Problems/Solutions Catholic Church 11/16: Counter-Reformation ppt. notes 11/16: Effects of Counter-Reformation chart 11/16: Unit Review

Protestant Reformation Terms

Protestant Reformation

Indulgences Martin Luther Theocracy John Calvin Predestination Henry VIII Annulled Elizabeth I

95 Theses Charles V Edict of Worms Zwingli Anglican Church Act of Supremacy Mary Tudor Edward VI

Counter-Reformation Jesuits Ignatius of Loyola Council of Trent Francis of Sales Teresa of Avila Inquisition

Counter-Reformation Terms

The Catholic Church had gained political

power, wealth, and began to focus on more worldly concerns .

Common criticisms included financial corruption, abuse of power, immorality and heavy taxation.

Above all, the selling of indulgences sparked widespread criticism from Martin Luther.

1. How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism?

Martin Luther challenged the basic beliefs of

the Catholic Church in his 95 Theses. Luther believed faith alone was needed for

salvation and rejected good deeds. He believed Jesus was the true leader of the

Church and denied the pope's authority. Finally, Luther thought that the only source of

religious truth was the Bible.

2. How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings?

Calvin held similar beliefs to Luther on

salvation by faith alone and that the only source of religious truth was the Bible.

He believed that predestination determined one's afterlife and it could not be changed by one's actions.

He established a theocracy, where the government was run by church leaders.

3. What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?

Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church for

political reasons. After the pope refused to annul his marriage to

Catherine, Henry declared himself the head of the Church and denied papal authority.

After his death, England faced religious fighting under Protestant King Edward VI and Catholic Queen Mary.

Finally, Queen Elizabeth created a compromise between Protestants and Catholics, which restored peace.

4. What were the effects of Protestantism in England?