86-Stem Cell Cancer

8/2/2019 86-Stem Cell Cancer

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B Y: M O N A L I . R . B H A K T A

S E M : 8 T H

R O L L N O : 8 6

STEM CELL CANCER


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Cancer is a disease in which there is an uncontrolled growth of cells due to mutation in the

cell.

The agents which cause cancer are called carcinogens.

2 types of cancer:

1) benign tumor: donot spread

2) malignant tumor: highly spreading

Cancer is classified on the basis of the cell or tissue or organ in which it occur:

1) colon cancer

2) carcinoma

3) sarcoma4) leukemia


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Stem cell cancer:

Stem cell are the cell having self renewal and potency properties. Mutation in themcause the cancer.

The two major gene which are mutated are:

1) proto oncogene: converted to oncogene. Activation of gene

2) tumor suppressor gene: deactivation of gene


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stem cells (sc)

SELF-RENEWAL

i.e. replenish the repertoire of identical stem cell

DIFFERENTIATIONi.e. create a heterogeneous progeny differentiating to mature cells

EXTRAORDINARY PROLIFERATION POTENTIAL

HOMEOSTATIC CONTROLaccording to the influence ofmicroenvironment.

Stem cells progenitor cells maturecells


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cancer stem cells (csc)

SELF-RENEWAL

DIFFERENTIATION

PROLIFERATIVE ABILITY

ABERRANT REGULATION

Minority of cancer cells with tumorigenic potential

NORMAL

TUMORAL


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CSCs have recently been identified in several solid tumors,

including cancers of the:Brain

Breast

Colon

Ovary

Pancreas

Prostate

Melanoma

Multiple Myeloma


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The origin of cancer stem cells is still an area of ongoing research. Several camps

have formed within the scientific community regarding the issue, and it is possible that

several answers are correct, depending on the tumor type and the phenotype the tumor

presents.

One important distinction that will often be raised is that the cell of origin for atumor can not be demonstrated using the cancer stem cell as a model. This is because

cancer stem cells are isolated from end-stage tumors.

Therefore, describing a cancer stem cell as a cell of origin is often an inaccurate

claim, even though a cancer stem cell is capable of initiating new tumor formation.

Various theories define the origin of cancer stem cell they may be: mutants in

developing stem or progenitor cells, mutants in adult stem cells or adult progenitor

cells, or mutant cells that acquire stem like attributes. These theories often do focus on

a tumor's cell of origin and as such must be approached with skepticism.

ORIGIN:


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Chest x-ray showing lung cancer in the left lung.

Most cancers are initially recognized either because of the

appearance of signs or symptoms or through screening.

Neither of these lead to a definitive diagnosis, which requires

the examination of a tissue sample by a pathologist.

People with suspected cancer are investigated with medical

tests.

These commonly include blood tests, X-rays, CT

scans and endoscopy.

DIAGNOSIS:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thorax_pa_peripheres_Bronchialcarcinom_li_OF_markiert.jpg


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TREATMENT

A. Surgery

B. Radiation

C. Chemotherapy

D. Alternative treatments


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PREVENTION

Dietary

Medication

vaccination


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Documents

86-Stem Cell Cancer