8085 MICROPROCESSORProgramming and Interfacing

8085 MICROPROCESSORProgramming and Interfacing

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8085 MICROPROCESSOR—Programming and InterfacingN.K. Srinath

© 2005 by PHI Learning Private Limited, Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

ISBN-978-81-203-2785-6

The export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher.

Sixth Printing … … August, 2014

Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, Rimjhim House, 111, Patparganj Industrial Estate, Delhi-110092 and Printed by Mudrak, 30-A, Patparganj, Delhi-110091.

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Contents

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Foreword..................................................................................................................................... xv

Preface ...................................................................................................................................... xvii

Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................................xix

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSORS ......................................... 1–24Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1History of Microprocessors ................................................................................................... 2Microcomputer Hardware ...................................................................................................... 5

CPU ...................................................................................................................................... 6Memory ............................................................................................................................... 7Input/Output or I/O Devices ............................................................................................ 7The System Bus ................................................................................................................. 7

Microprocessor ....................................................................................................................... 9The Control Unit .............................................................................................................. 11Instruction Register (IR) ................................................................................................. 11Program Counter (PC) .................................................................................................... 11Stack Pointer (SP) ........................................................................................................... 11Temporary Register .......................................................................................................... 12Arithmetic and Logic Unit ............................................................................................... 12

Memory Organization ........................................................................................................... 12Read Only Memories ....................................................................................................... 13Flash Memories ................................................................................................................ 13Read/Write Memories ....................................................................................................... 14Microprocessor Memory Organization........................................................................... 15ROM Memory Interface .................................................................................................. 18RWM Interface ................................................................................................................. 20CPU Initiated Unconditional I/O Transfer ..................................................................... 21CPU Initiated Conditional I/O Transfer ......................................................................... 22Device Initiated I/O Transfer ......................................................................................... 22Direct Memory Access (DMA) ...................................................................................... 22

Methods of Data Transfer in Microcomputers ................................................................. 22Exercises ................................................................................................................................. 24

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Chapter 2 8085 MICROPROCESSOR ....................................................................... 25–49

Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 25Pin Configuration .................................................................................................................. 25

Power Supply and Ground ............................................................................................. 26Address/Data Bus ............................................................................................................. 26Clock Signals .................................................................................................................... 27Control Signals ................................................................................................................. 27Generation of Wait Signal ............................................................................................... 31Interrupt Signals ............................................................................................................... 32Hold and HLDA (DMA) Signals ..................................................................................... 35DMA Operation of 8085 Microprocessor ..................................................................... 36Serial Input/Output Signals ............................................................................................. 37

8085 Architecture .................................................................................................................. 37Register Block .................................................................................................................. 37Program Counter (PC) .................................................................................................... 39Arithmetic Logic Unit Block ........................................................................................... 41Control Unit Block ........................................................................................................... 43Interrupt Block ................................................................................................................. 44Serial I/O Control Block ................................................................................................. 46

State Transition Diagram ..................................................................................................... 46Exercises ................................................................................................................................. 48

Chapter 3 INSTRUCTION SET [INTEL 8085] ........................................................ 50–121

Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 50Addressing Mode .................................................................................................................. 52

Register Addressing Mode ............................................................................................... 52Direct Addressing Mode .................................................................................................. 53Register Indirect Addressing Mode ................................................................................ 53Immediate Addressing Mode ........................................................................................... 54Implicit Addressing Mode ............................................................................................... 54

Instruction Set ...................................................................................................................... 55Data Transfer Group ....................................................................................................... 56Macro RTL: (r1) ¨ (r2) ................................................................................................. 56ADD ................................................................................................................................... 73ADC ................................................................................................................................... 75SUB .................................................................................................................................... 77SBB .................................................................................................................................... 80SBB M ............................................................................................................................... 80INR .................................................................................................................................... 82DCR ................................................................................................................................... 83DAA ................................................................................................................................... 86Logical Group of Instructions ........................................................................................ 87

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ANA M .............................................................................................................................. 88ANI M ............................................................................................................................... 89CMP ................................................................................................................................... 92Branch Group ................................................................................................................... 98Stack Group of Instructions ........................................................................................ 112Machine Control Instruction ......................................................................................... 117

Exercises ............................................................................................................................... 121

Chapter 4 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING ............................................ 122–152

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 122Assembler Instruction Format ........................................................................................... 123

Label ................................................................................................................................ 123Opcode and Operands ................................................................................................... 123Mnemonic ........................................................................................................................ 123Operand ........................................................................................................................... 123Comments ....................................................................................................................... 123

Simulation of Time Delay .................................................................................................. 145Exercises ............................................................................................................................... 151

Chapter 5 SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORY ............................................................ 153–167

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 153Read Only Memories .......................................................................................................... 154

PROMs, EPROMs and EEPROMs ............................................................................... 154Read/Write Memories ......................................................................................................... 156

Static Memories .............................................................................................................. 156ROM Memory Interface .................................................................................................... 157Read/Write Memory Interface (RWM) ............................................................................. 158To Interface Memory to 8085 Microprocessor .............................................................. 158

Requirements ................................................................................................................... 160DRAMs (Dynamic RAMs) ................................................................................................. 163Exercises ............................................................................................................................... 166

Chapter 6 INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACE ................................................................ 168–186

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 168Unconditional CPU Initiated I/O Transfer ................................................................... 169

Programmable I/O Devices ............................................................................................... 170LED Display ........................................................................................................................ 170

LED Interface ................................................................................................................. 171Seven Segment Display ...................................................................................................... 171

Seven Segment Display Interface ................................................................................ 172Seven Segment Interface with Fold Back Address ................................................... 174Multiplexed Displays ...................................................................................................... 176

8085 Microprocessor : Programming AndInterfacing

Publisher : PHI Learning ISBN : 9788120327856 Author : SRINATH, N. K.

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