8. Paradigm Shift Genap 2013-2014 TG

8/10/2019 8. Paradigm Shift Genap 2013-2014 TG

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GEOFISIKA EKSPLORASIParadigm Shift

Dr. Ir. EkoWidianto, MT

Semester Genap_201! 201"

Program St#di Teknik Geo$ogi %ak#$tas Tekno$ogi &e'#mian

dan Energi (ni)ersitas Trisakti

8


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PARADIGM SHIFTIN GRA IT! DATA"TILI#ATION


3/22

LE$T"RE MATERIALS

%& INTROD"$TION '%()a& De*ni+ion

,& Geophysi-a. Me+hods and +heir /ain app.i-a+ions-& Le0e. of Pe+ro.e1/ In0es+iga+ion

2& REFLE$TION SEISMI$ '3()a& F1nda/en+a. of Seis/i- Re4e-+ion Me+hod,& A-51isi+ion-& Pro-essingd& In+erpre+a+ione& E6er-ise

7& GRAIT! '7()a& In+rod1-+ion and genera. app.i-a+ion of gra0i+y da+a,&Paradig/ Shif+ in Gra0i+y da+a 1+i.i a+ion-& Gra0i+y and Pe+ro.e1/ Sys+e/d& Ti/e9Lapse Mi-rogra0i+y Te-hno.ogy for Reser0oir

Moni+oring

:& MAGNETI$ '%()a& Genera. App.i-a+ion of Magne+i- Da+a


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Reso1r-es $.assi*-a+ion Sys+e/

So-ie+y of Pe+ro.e1/ Engineers e+ a.&; 2


5/22

%s+ E(PLORATION

2nd

DELINEATION

7rd DE ELOPMENT

:+h PROD"$TION

Pe+ro.e1/ A-+i0i+iesPhase

XPLORATIONPHAS

D V LOPM NT &

PRODUCTION

PHAS


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Fre51en+.y 1sed of geophysi-a. /e+hodsfor s1rfa-e re-ording and +ypi-a.app.i-a+ionGeophysical

method

Physical property

measured

Typical applications Comment on

applicability

Seismology Seismic wave velocity,seismic impedancecontrast, attenuation,anisotropy

Delineation of stratigraphyand structures in petroleumexploration

Exploration seismology is themost widely used geophysicalmethod in petroleumexploration.

Gravity Surveys Rock density contrast Reconnaissance of large-scale density anomalies inpetroleum and mineralexploration

Gravity survey are generally lessexpensive ut have lessresolving power than seismicexploration.

!agnetic Surveys !agnetic suscepti ilityor the rock"s intrinsicmagneti#ation

Reconnaissance of thecrustal magnetic properties,especially for determinationof asement features

$eromagnetic surveys arewidely used in oth petroleumand mining application fordetermining large, deepstructure.

Electrical andelectromagneticsurveys

Rock resistivity,capacitance, andinductance properties

!ineral exploration %hese methods are used mostfre&uently in mining explorationand well logging 'resistivity, S(,and induction log)

(Lines and Newrick, 2004)


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7

GRA IT! AND MAGNETI$ ANAL!SIS $AN ADDRESS ARIO"S PETROLE"M ISS"ES'%)

ISS"E GRA IT! > MAGNETI$ TASK INTEGRATED ?ITH

Source Rock DepositionWhere were the source rocks deposited?How deep are the source rocks?

Depth to magnetic basementRegional basin enhancements

Seismic dataRegional geology

Source MaturationWhere are the cooking pots and fetchareas?What is the present day heat in!u" intothe basin and how much dose it #ary?What is the thickness of the crust?What is the o#erburden?

Depth to magnetic basement$sostatic residualSediment thicknessDepth #ersus density modeling

Regional structural modeling%urie point &regional heat !ow'Delineation of #olcanic

Seismic dataWell dataDensity and (elocitydataHeat !ow data

Hydrocarbon MigrationHow much relief is there on thebasement?What are the shape of the cooking

pots?)re ma*or #ertical conduits near surfaceareas?)re ma*or lineations present and how dothey relate with more recent geologicfeatures?

Magnetic in#ersionDepth to magnetic basement(ertical fault identi+cation

,radient analysisRegional depocenter and sediment path enhancement

Well and outcropdata

-opography

Remote sensingSeismic dataSe.uencestratigraphic analysisSeismicity


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8

GRA IT! AND MAGNETI$ ANAL!SIS $AN ADDRESS ARIO"S PETROLE"M ISS"ES'2)

ISS"E GRA IT! > MAGNETI$ TASK INTEGRATED ?ITH

Reser#oir /redictionWhere are the thickest sediment?Where are the highest sand probability?Where was the sources of

sedimentation?What is the in!uence of tectonic on

deposition?Ha#e the sediment depocenters shifted

o#er time?

What is the compaction history of thesediments?Do the sands ha#e lateral continuity and

connecti#ity?

Depocenter and sediment pathenhancement0

$ntegrated basin modelingDensity in#ersion/ro#enance &magnetic lithology'

determinationSedimentary magnetic analysis/aleomagnetic analysis$ntegrated #elocity analysis &1 D

and 2 D'

Seismic data

3ithology data &outcropand well'

Se.uence stratigraphicanalysis

4iostratigraphic data

-rapWhere are the ma*or structures?What is the structural grain?

)re faults in the sedimentary section?)re lateral porosity changes present?

Residuals and enhancements1 D52 D structural5stratigraphic

modeling6ault identi+cation 7 gradient

analysisStructural in#ersionDensity in#ersion

Seismic data8utcrop information

-opographyRemote sensingSeismicity


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TE$HNOLOG! APPLI$ATIONIN OIL AND GAS IND"STR!


10/22

De0e.op/en+ and Prod1-+ion Phases@Pro'$em statement

90 How we can build reser#oir modelaccurately?

10 How we can monitor and image thedynamic properties of reser#oir until+eld termination?

20 How we can optimi:e production?

:& Ho e -an i/pro0e +he Re-o0eryFa-+orB


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?ha+ reser0oir proper+ies do ean+ +o predi-+B

The -ri+i-a. reser0oir -hara-+eris+i-

Stati* properties+90 6luid phase &oil and gas

percent'10 )real e"tent of the trap20 Depth;0 -hickness

0 /orosity

D nami* properties+

90 Well deli#erability10 Reser#oir

connecti#ity20 /ermeability;0 /ressure change


12/22

M1.+i9di-ip.in approa-h for reser0oir/ode.

GeologicalModel

Geophysical

Model

GeochemicalModel

Petrophysical

Model

GeomechanicalModel

FluidModel

ProductionLoggingModel

TracerModel

Well test

Model

RESERVOIRMODEL

RESERVOIRMODEL Tracer

Data

ProductionLoggingData

FluidData

GeomechanicalData

PetrophysicalData

GeochemicalData

GeophysicalData

Well testData

Geological Data


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13

Data Processing Algorithm

Physical Properties Extraction

Reservoir Monitoring Technology

Data Visualization

Integration of Dicipline

E&P Technology Development


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ProCe-+phase

$ri+i-a. s1,s1rfa-einfor/a+ion

Te-hno.ogyIn0o.0e/en+

9' "ploration /ro#en /etroleum System and /lay Resources information

Geophysi-s ,eology %oncept Drilling

1' Delineation -otal hydrocarbon #olume )real limits of petroleum reser#oir Deli#erability

Geophysi-s ,eology %oncept Drilling

Reser#oir

2'De#elopment

%ompartmentali:ation "act locations of de#elopment wells

Geophysi-s De#elopment

,eology Drilling

Reser#oir;' /roduction Hydrocarbon saturation and pressure

changes 6low restrictions and channeling

/roduction Reser#oir Geophysi-s

Oi. and gas opera+iona. phases and Te-hno.ogy In0o.0e/en+


15/22

Some aspects which drive gravityutilization

Improve Recovery Factor ar!"are # InstrumentationMulti Dicipline Approach

Efficient Time $apse Technology forReservoir Monitoring Pro%lems in &eophysical Ac'uisition!ue to &eological con!itions

(ocial Pro%lem


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http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/4d4/what-is.html


17/22

http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/4d4/what-is.html


18/22

-)%-$%S Regional

reconnaissanc

e

/etroleumsystemanalysis

/lay analysis

stablishinge"plorationfocusand ,@,e"penditure

/rospectidenti+cationand risk

assessment

3ease and ,@,

ac.uisition

-ectono

stratigraphicframework

4asin Modeling

/rospect Riskreduction

Drill sitedecision

&lesscomple"

prospect'

)ssetdelineation

and

de#elopment

Drill sitedecision& comple"imaging'

Reser#oirperformancemonitoring

nhancereco#ery

Gibson, R.I. & Millegan, P.S.; 1998

PLA!IDENTIFI$A

TION

PROSPE$T$APT"RE

PROSPE$TE AL"ATIO

N

RESO"R$ESAPPRAISAL

RESER OIRMANAGEME

NT

USE HIGHE ES!"UTI!# G $%IT $#D '$G#ETI( D$T$


19/22

Gibson, R.I. & Millegan, P.S.; 1998

PLA!IDENTIFI$A

TION

PROSPE$T$APT"RE

PROSPE$TE AL"ATIO

N

RESO"R$ESAPPRAISAL

RESER OIRMANAGEME

NT

"SE HIGHER RESOL"TION MAGNETI$ DATA

M),A -$%B-$3$C)-$8A

Regional depthto magneticbasement

Regionaltectonic

analysisuler

decon#olution%urie pointanalysis

Detailedbasement

interpretationDetailed faultand

lineamentanalysis

Delineation of#olcanics saltand

shale

Detailedintegrated

1D52D modeling faultingbasement

structure#olcanic

salt edges andsediment timingDepth slicingand

lineamentanalysisSedimentary

magneticanalysis

Detailed 1D 52D

modelingin#ersion

$ntegrateddepth

migration &pre

or postack'Magneto startigraphy

Aone published

M),A -$%R S83B-$8A R EB$R DF

1G km spacing< 7 km grid9 7 < n-%ontinentalgrids

older sur#eys

1 7 < km spacing9 1 km gridG0< 7 1 n-Modern digital

sur#eys marinesur#eys

digiti:edolder analogsur#eys

G0< 9 km spacingG09 7 G0< n-High resolutionlow altitude sur#eys

G01< 7 G0< kmspacingG09 7 G0< n-High resolution

low altitudesur#eys

4oreholemagnetometer


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20Modifed rom Gibson, R.I. & Millegan, P.S.; 1998

GRA IT!DATA

PLA!IDENTIFI$AT

ION

PROSPE$T

$APT"RE

PROSPE$T

E AL"ATION

RESO"R$ES

APPRAISAL

RESER OIRMANAGEMEN

T

THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN GRA IT! DATA"TILI#ATION

! "SING THE HIGHER RESOL"TION OFGRA IT! DATA

GRA IT!"TILI#ATION

$sostaticresidualRegionaltectonic

analisis4asin and

depocenter

enhancementRegional

modelingDigital data

integration&with remotesensing etc'

Semiregionalstructural 5stratiigraphicmodeling

-arget spesi+cenhancements

3ayer strippingfor

impro#eddelineation ofe"ploration

targetsSensiti#itystudies

tied to densityand

lithology

Detailedintegrated

1D 5 2Dmodeling

&with seismichori:ons

densityand #elocityinformation'

/orosity 5pressure

predictionSalt edge 5 base

determinationnhanced#elocity

analysis

$ntegrated 2Drock propertiesand #elocitymodeling

$ntegrateddepth

migration &preor

poststack'4oreholegra#ity remoteporosity

detectionDetection of

shallowha:ards

$ntegratedreser#oircharacteri:ation

4orehole gra#ity

Ti/e9.apsepre-ision

gra0i+y ;in-.1ding for$ar,onS+orageMoni+oring

GRA IT!RESOL"TIONRE "IRED

9 7 < m,al1 7 1G kmwa#elength%ontinentalgrids

satelitegra#ity

airbornegra#ity

G01 7 9 m,al9 7 < kmwa#elength%on#entionalmarine

and landsur#eys

G09 7 G0< m,alG0< 7 1 km

wa#elengthHigh resolution

land andmarine

sur#eys

G09 7 G0< m,alG01 7 9 km

wa#elengthG0G9 7 G0GG

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8. Paradigm Shift Genap 2013-2014 TG