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7R MP3 Review
1. What are the steps of the scientific method?
• Problem• Gather information• Hypothesis• Experiment• Observation• Conclusion• Repeat
2. What can be done to make the experiment more valid?•Repeat•Increase sample size
3. A student wanted to test whether salt affects the growth of plants. He gave 10 Plants in group A water and 10 Plants in group B water with 5mg of salt. After 2 weeks the plants in Group B Died.a. Independent variable•saltb. Dependent variable •growthc. Control group •Plant Ad. Experimental group •Plant Be. 3 Constants •Type of plant, sunlight, temperature, amount of soil
4. What is the length of the object below?• 8.9 cm
5. What is the volume of the liquid below?•8.9 cm
6. A student placed 10.5 mL of water into a graduated cylinder. An object was placed into the same graduated cylinder. The water level went up to 16.5 mL. What is the volume of the object?•16.5 – 10.5 = •6.0 mL
7. Convert the following measurement:8.498 L = _______ mL
•K h d u d c m•8498 mL
8. Determine the volume of an object with the following dimensions:L = 1.56 cm w = 4.3 cm H = 1.757
•V = l x w x h•V = 1.56 cm x 4.3 cm x 1.757 cm•11.78•V = 11.8 cm3
MICROSCOPE9. Label the compound light microscope below.
eyepiece
arm
Coarse adj.
Fine adj.
Body tube
nosepiece
Objective lens
stage diaphragm
mirror
base
10. What is the function of the diaphragm?•Controls amount of light used11. Explain the difference between the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment.•Coarse: focusing under low power•Fine: focusing under high power12. Why can’t we use the coarse adjustment when using the high power objective? •You can break the objective lens or slide13. When making a wet mount, why should you lower the cover slip on an angle?•To avoid air bubbles
14. What is the diameter of the field of view below?
a. In millimeters = •7.0 mmb. In micrometers =•7000.0 um
15. An object is observed in the field of view below. In which direction should you move the slide in order to center the image?
•left
22. An object is observed in the field of view below. In which direction should you move the slide in order to center the image? ____________________
16. How does a specimen appear when looking at it under a microscope?•Upside down and backwards
17. The diameter of the field of view is 2000 um. What is the length of the object in this field of view?a. Millimeters:•1 mmb. Micrometers:•1000 um
18. The diameter of the field of view is 5000 um. What is the length of one of these objects?
a. Millimeters =•1.25 mm b. Micrometers = •1250 um
CLASSIFICATION
19. What are the 7 levels of classification from largest to smallest? •Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
20. How do we name organisms? •Genus species
21. KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES
1. Archaebacteria UnicelluarProkaryotic
extreme environments
2. Eubacteria UnicellularProkaryotic
Bacteria found everywhere
3. Protists UnicellularEukaryotic
ameba, paramecium
4. Fungi Mostly multicellularHeterotrophs
mushroom, mold, yeast
5. Plants MulticellularAutotrophs
trees, grass
6. Animals
MulticellularHeterotrophs
humans, dogs, insects
22. What is homeostasis?•Maintaining a stable internal environment
CHEMISTRY23. Identify the part of an atom being described:a. Positive charge•protonb. Found moving around nucleus•electronc. Negative charge•electron
d. Found in the nucleus•Protons and neutronse. No charge•neutronsf. Smallest mass•Electron
24. What is the difference between an element and a compound?•Element = simple substance that cannot be broken down into anything more simple•Compound = 2 or more elements chemically combined.
25. Identify 2 examples of a physical property.•Color, mass, texture, shape, odor26. Identify 2 examples of a chemical property.•Flammability, reactivity, rusting27. Identify 2 examples of a physical change.•Melting, tearing, crushing, evaporation28. Identify 2 examples of a chemical change.•Rusting, burning
29. Identify the phase of matter being described below:a. molecules very far apart, move very fast•Gasb. molecules slide past each other•Liquidc. molecules packed tightly together• Solid
d. Identify the phases of matter below:
solid liquid gas
30. For each phase change below, identify how the material is changing.a. Melting•Solid liquidb. Freezing•Liquid solidc. Evaporation•Liquid gasd. Condensation•Gas liquid
31. Identify the parts of the periodic table being described belowa. rows•periodsb. columns•Groups/familiesc. Group 18•Noble Gasesd. Brittle•nonmetals
f. All elements to the left of the zig zag line•metalsg. Elements to the right of the zig zag line•nonmetalsh. Ductile & malleable•Metalsi. On zig zag line•Semi-metals/metalloidsi. May have properties of both metals and nonmetals•Semi-metals/metalloids
32.a. Atomic #•54b. Atomic mass•131.293c. # of protons•54d. mass #•131e. # of neutrons •77
33. Identify whether the substances with the following pH’s are acids, bases, or neutrala. pH of 7 =•Neutralb. pH of 3•Acidicc. pH of 11•Basic
CELLS34. What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? •Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living things.•Cells are the basic unit of function in all living things.•All cells come from preexisting cells.
35. Identify the organelle being described:
a. Semi-permeable• Cell membraneb. Holds organelles in place• cytoplasmc. Controls the cell• nucleusd. Gives a plant cell its shape.• Cell walle. Package and ship materials out.• Golgi bodiesf. Produce proteins.• Ribosomesm. Channels in cytoplasm that
transport materials. • ER
g. Contain enzymes that break down materials
• lysosomesh. Carry out photosynthesis• Chloroplastsi. Helps animal cells divide• Centriolesj. Produces ribosomes• Nucleolusk. Carries out respiration• Mitochondrial. Stores materials• Vacuole
36. What are the 5 levels of organization in a multicellular organism from smallest to largest?• Cells tissues organs organ
systems organism
37. Label the cell organelles below.33. Label the cell organelles below.
I
J
K
L
M A
H G
F
E
D
C
B
cytoplasm
mitochondria
nucleolus
Cell membrane Cell wall
chloroplast
ribosomes ER
golgi bodies
vacuole
DNA
nucleus
nuclear membrane
33. Label the cell organelles below.
N
O P
Q
R
S
T W
V U
centrioles
golgi bodies
cell membrane
ER
mitochondria
nucleus nuclear membrane
vacuoles
lysosomes
cytoplasm
38. What are the 2 types of passive transport?• Diffusion & osmosis39. What is osmosis?• Diffusion of water40. Explain 2 differences between passive and active
transport.• Passive = no energy, high low, with concentration
gradient• Active = energy, low high, against concentration
gradient41. Which way does water move when a cell is placed in salt
water?• Out of the cell
RESPIRATION42. What are the differences between aerobic
respiration and anaerobic respiration?• Aerobic = oxygen required, makes 36 ATP• Anaerobic = oxygen not requires, makes 2 ATP
SKELETAL & MUSCULAR SYSTEMS43. What is the difference between a ligament
and tendon?• Ligaments connect bone to bone.• Tendons connect muscle to bone.44. Identify where cartilage is located in the
body.• body parts (ears and nose)• Between vertebrae• ends of bones• skeleton of newborn
45. What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system? • Movement• Shape• Protection• Produces blood cells• Stores materials (calcium &
phosphorus)
46. Fill in the chart below.
TYPE OF MUSCLE
VOLUNTARY/ INVOLUNTARY
STRIATED/ NONSTRIATED
LOCATION
A. skeletal
Voluntary Striated Attached to bones
B. smooth
Involuntary Nonstriated Digestive system, blood vessels…
C. cardiac
Involuntary Striated heart
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM47. Identify the nutrient being described:a. build and repair •Proteins b. Primary source of energy•Carbohydratesc. Regulate body functions•Vitamins and minerals
e. What makes up most of the body
• Waterd. Store energy• Lipidsf. makes up most of
the body• Water
48. Label the parts of the digestive system.
pharynx
liver gall bladder
Large intestine
appendix
mouth
salivary glands
esophagus
stomach pancreas
small intestine
rectumanus
49. How is energy measured in food?• Calories50. How does chemical digestion occur in the mouth?• Salivary glands make enzyme that breaks down
starch sugar51. How does mechanical digestion occur in the
mouth?• Teeth break down food into smaller pieces52. How does chemical digestion occur in the
stomach?• Enzyme breaks down proteins
53. Where does digestion end?• Small intestine54. Where are nutrients absorbed in
the blood?• Villi in the small intestine.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM55.
BLOOD VESSEL
FUNCTION
a. arteries
-carry blood away from heart-pulse
b. veins
-carry blood to heart
c. capillaries
-allow materials to be exchanged by diffusion-connect arteries to veins
PARTS OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
a. Red blood cells
-carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
b. White blood cells
-protect the body against disease
c. platelets
- help blood clot
d. plasma
-liquid part that transports materials
BLOOD TYPE
ANTIGEN ANTIBODY
a. A
A Anti-B
b. B
B Anti -A
c. AB
A and B None
d. O
None Anti-A and Anti-B
56. Label the parts of the heart below.
valve
Rightatrium
valve
right ventricle
aorta
leftatrium
valve
left ventricle
septum
57. What kind of blood does the right side of the heart receive? Where did it just come from? Where does it pump blood to? • Deoxygenated, from the body, to the
lungs58. What kind of blood does the left
side of the heart receive? Where did it just come from? Where does it pump blood to? • Oxygenated, from the lungs, to the
body
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM59. Label the diagram below.
larynx
mouthNasal cavity
lung
bronchi
diaphragm
pharynx
trachea
Bronchi
bronchiolealveoli
60. Why is the trachea made of cartilage?• Holds it open61. What are the functions of cilia and mucus
membranes in the nasal passageway?• Cilia = filter• Mucus = moisten and filter62. What happens to your diaphragm when
you inhale?• Diaphragm moves down (contracts)
EXCRETORY SYSTEM63. Label the diagram below.
kidneys
urinary bladder
ureters
urethra
EXCRETORY SYSTEM64. What is excretion?• Removal of cellular (metabolic) wastes65. What nitrogen waste does the liver
produce?• Urea66. What are the three functions of the
kidneys?• Filters blood, maintains water balance,
produces urine
NERVOUS & ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS67. A message sent by the nervous system is called
an • impulse68. A change in the environment which causes a
response is called a• Stimulus69. The sense organs that pick up a stimulus is called
a• receptor70. Muscles of glands that carry out a response are
called • effectors
71. Label the neuron below.dendrites
Cell body/cyton
axon
Terminal branches
nucleus
Schwann cells
72. Identify all missing parts of the reflex arc below.Sensory neuron
interneuron
Motor neuron
73. Fill in the chart below.
PARTS OF THE BRAIN FUNCTION
a.Cerebrum Voluntary activitiesSensesThinking, memory, reasoning, intelligence
b. Cerebellum Balancec. medulla
Involuntary activities
74. Label the diagram below.
A. cerebrum
B. cerebellum
C. medulla
75. The central nervous system is made up of the • Brain and spinal cord76. The nerves that branch of the spinal
cord make up the _________ nervous system.• peripheral
77. What is a hormone and how do they travel?• Chemical messenger that travels
through the blood
78. A. Draw a line from the name of the gland to its picture. B. Draw a line from the picture of the gland to its function.
IMMUNE SYSTEM79. How do antibodies protect the body
against disease?• Attach to antigen and slow it down so WBC’s
can kill it 80. Explain the differences between passive
and active immunity? • Passive = Temporary, get antibodies from
someone else • Active = permanent, make own antibodies
81. Explain the differences between an infectious and noninfectious disease.
• Infectious = caused by pathogen, can be spread• Noninfectious = not caused by pathogen, cannot
be spread82. How does HIV affect the body?• Attacks T-cells destroys immune system83. What is an allergy? What does the body produce
as a response?• When the body is sensitive to something (allergen)• Body makes histamines cause response