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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

DOE & Clean Cities Program

Electric Vehicle Support Activities

Erin Russell-StoryClean Cities Regional Project Manager,Mid-Atlantic/Great Lakes Region

US Department of Energy

National Energy Technology Laboratory

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Presentation Overview

• Plug-in Electric Vehicle Basics

• Clean Cities Program Overview

• US DOE & Clean Cities Activities

• Clean Cities Tools and Resources

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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PEVs: Three Classifications

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV)

Extended Range Electric Vehicles

(EREV)

Plug-in Hybrids (PHEV)

A BEV, otherwise known as a pure electric vehicle, is powered by an

electric motor rather than a traditional Internal Combustion

Engine (ICE).

PHEVs are similar to hybrid electric vehicles on the market today, but

have a larger battery that is charged both by the vehicle's ICE and from plugging into an electrical outlet or

charging station

An EREV is an EV with a small ICE (or other secondary source) connected to a generator to resupply the batteries

and allow farther driving of the vehicle when the batteries become low. It

operates on stored electricity initially and then is powered by an ICE.

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Electrification spans all vehicle classes…

HeavyLight

Plug In

Hybrids

Pure EVs

Navistar EV

Ford Transit Connect

Smith Edison

Smith Newton

Azure Dynamics

Step Van

Odyne HEV

Bucket Truck

Azure Dynamics

Refrigerator Truck

Balquon HD Truck

Bright Automotive

Think EV

Coda

Automotive

Tesla Roadster

Nissan Leaf

Ford Focus BEV

Mitsubishi iMiEV

Toyota Prius Ford Escape

Chevy Volt

BMW Mini E

Smart ED

and many more….

Fisker Karma

EVI Truck

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Electric Vehicle Charging Overview

EVSE = Electric Vehicle Service Equipmenta.k.a charging unit

Volts Time Range Location Type

Level 1 120 volt 6-8 hours 2-5 miles/hour charge time

residential

Level 2 240 –V / 208-V 2-4 hours 10-20 miles/hourcharge time

residential, public, workplace, fleet

DC Fast Charge

480-V AC 20 min. 60-80 miles/20 minutes

public, commercial, heavy traffic corridor(i.e.; rest area)

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• Public charging stations are needed

– To make EVs and PHEVs more convenient– To increase their useful range.

• Stations must be deployed and integrated with consideration of daily commutes and typical driving habits.

• Public charging infrastructure is needed where vehicle owners are highly concentrated, such as:

• Shopping centers• City parking lots• Airports• Hotels• Office buildings

Charging Vehicles in Public and at Work

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• Most light duty HEVs, PHEVs and EVs have battery packs that can range from 36 to 300 volts.

• Heavy Duty EV battery packs can range up to 600 volts.

• Electric drive vehicles are designed with safety features that deactivate the electrical system in case of accident.

– Cutoff switches isolate the battery and disable electrical system– All high-voltage power lines colored orange.

• Manufacturers publish emergency response guides for hybrid-electric vehicles and offer training for emergency responders.

Safety Considerations

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US DOE & Clean Cities Activities

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Clean Cities

• Sponsored by the DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Vehicle Technologies program

• Provides a framework for businesses and governments to work together as a coalition to enhance markets

• Coordinate activities, identify mutual interests, develop regional economic opportunities, and improve air quality

• Deployment of alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies

Clean Cities’ Mission To advance the energy, economic, and environmental security of the U.S. by supporting local decisions to adopt practices that contribute to the reduction of petroleum consumption in the transportation sector.

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Alternative Fuels and Vehicles• Biodiesel (B100)• Electricity• Ethanol (E85)• Hydrogen• Natural gas

• Propane

Fuel Blends• Biodiesel/diesel blends (B2, B5, B20)• Ethanol/gasoline blends (E10)• Hydrogen/natural gas blends (HCNG)

Clean Cities Portfolio of Technologies

Hybrids• Light- and Heavy-duty HEVs• PHEVs

Fuel Economy• Fuel efficiency• Behavioral changes• Vehicle maintenance initiatives• Vehicle miles traveled (VMT)

Idle Reduction• Heavy-duty trucks• School buses• Truck stop electrification

Eliminate

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Clean Cities Coalitions

• 85 active coalitions in 45 states

• 700,000 AFVs using alternative fuels

• 6,600 AFV stations

• 6,500+

stakeholders

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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DOE / Clean Cities Five-Year Strategic Plan

Expedite the planning for and development of infrastructure and the targeted growth of the marketplace for electric drive vehicles.

Electric Drive –

Strategic Direction

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Electric Drive – 3-5 Year Priorities

A. Advance electric drive technology and market development by building strong coalitions of key stakeholders and partners –including Clean Cities coordinators, electric utilities, OEMs, technology developers, and governments to build “electric-drive ready” communities.

B. Support planning for electric drive infrastructure development in regions that are OEM “target markets” for deploying electric drive vehicles.

C. Provide coordinators, coalitions, and stakeholders with “best available information” about electric drive vehicles, technology, economics, markets, and infrastructure.

D. For coordinators and stakeholders, provide access to training about electric drive and plug-in electric vehicles, technology, and infrastructure on an ongoing basis.

DOE / Clean Cities Five-Year Strategic Plan

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Goal: 1 Million Electric Vehicles by 2015

“With more research and incentives, we can break our dependence on oil with biofuels, and become the first country to have a million electric vehicles on the road by 2015”

- President Barack Obama, 2011 State of the Union

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PEV Deployment Programs

• A number of programs, both regional and national, are being implemented by organizations to promote the commercialization of EVs

• These organizations work with the private and public fleets, potential retail customers and the manufacturers to promote the deployment of Electric Vehicles

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)

• Through the Recovery Act, USDOE is investing $12 billion in advanced vehicle technologies.

• This includes more than $5 billion to electrify America’s transportation sector, matched at least dollar per dollar by private companies.

• $2.4 billion to establish 30 EV battery and component manufacturing plants and EV demonstration projects.

• $2.6 billion in loans to Nissan, Tesla and Fisker to establish EV manufacturing facilities in TN, CA and DE.

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Transportation Electrification Program

• 8 demonstration projects will put 13,000 electric vehicles on the road

– Includes more than 4,700 Chevy Volts in more than a dozen cities.

• Grantees will deploy 20,000 additional electric charging locations , up from 500 before the project.

Clean Cities Pilot Program

– 600+ PHEVs, NEVs and Evs– Hundreds of chargers

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)

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Clean Cities ARRA PEV/EVSE Projects

LDPHEV

HDPHEV LD EV HD EV NEV

TOTAL PEVs

PublicEVSE Units

Private EVSE Units

Mixed EVSE Units

TOTAL EVSE Units

3 36 402 220 80 741 591 195 *18 804

*Mixed EVSE

Units maybe

open to the

public during

business hours

only

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Clean Cities ARRA Recipients - PHEV/EV Vehicles (by State)

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Puget Sound Clean Puget Sound Clean Air AgencyAir Agency

The Treasure The Treasure Valley COGValley COG

Utah COGUtah COG

CA Dept of CA Dept of Gen. Gen. ServicesServices

SCAQMD (Drayage)SCAQMD (Drayage)

SANBAGSANBAG

SCAQMD (Corridor)SCAQMD (Corridor)

North Central TX COGNorth Central TX COG

TX St Tech CollegeTX St Tech College

TX Railroad TX Railroad Comm.Comm.

MECMEC

W I Dept of AdminW I Dept of Admin

City of ChicagoCity of Chicago

CEC MI Green CEC MI Green FleetsFleets

State of INState of IN

KY Clean Fuels KY Clean Fuels CoalitionCoalition

Clean Fuels OHClean Fuels OH

DekalbDekalb CountyCounty

Triangle J COGTriangle J COG

VA Mines and VA Mines and EnergyEnergy

MD Energy MD Energy AdminAdmin

NJ COGNJ COG

GLICCGLICC

Greater New Greater New Haven CCCHaven CCC

NYSERDANYSERDA

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Clean Cities Recovery Act Awards-PHEV/EV Vehicle deployment by State

State PHEVs & EVs

Washington 594

Wisconsin 28

Michigan 11

Texas 7

Ohio 7

New York 5

Utah 3

Illinois 1

Missouri 1

Total 657

Madison Gas & Electric Dueco-Odyne Plug-In Hybrid Lift Truck

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Clean Cities Recovery Act Award Recipients and EVSE Units by State

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Puget Sound Clean Puget Sound Clean Air AgencyAir Agency

The Treasure The Treasure Valley COGValley COG

Utah COGUtah COG

CA Dept of CA Dept of Gen. Gen. ServicesServices

SCAQMD (Drayage)SCAQMD (Drayage)

SANBAGSANBAG

SCAQMD (Corridor)SCAQMD (Corridor)

North Central TX COGNorth Central TX COG

TX St Tech CollegeTX St Tech College

TX Railroad TX Railroad Comm.Comm.

MECMEC

W I Dept of AdminW I Dept of Admin

City of ChicagoCity of Chicago

CEC MI Green CEC MI Green FleetsFleets

State of INState of IN

KY Clean Fuels KY Clean Fuels CoalitionCoalition

Clean Fuels OHClean Fuels OH

DekalbDekalb CountyCounty

Triangle J COGTriangle J COG

VA Mines and VA Mines and EnergyEnergy

MD Energy MD Energy AdminAdmin

NJ COGNJ COG

GLICCGLICC

Greater New Greater New Haven CCCHaven CCC

NYSERDANYSERDA

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Clean Cities Recovery Act Awards-EVSE Units by State

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State EVSE Units

Illinois 316

Washington 137

North Carolina 108

New York 99

South Carolina 32

Ohio 32

Utah 11

Wisconsin 10

Missouri 10

Connecticut 8

Texas 4

Kansas 3

Total 657Public EVSE, Capitol Square parking garage, Columbus, OH

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Electric Vehicle Community Readiness Planning (FY 11 FOA)

• $8.5 million

• 16 projects

across 24 states

and DC

• 1 year projects

to facilitate local

partnerships

• Results: Publicly

releasable Plans

• All Plans due to

be complete by

3/30/2013

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Purpose: Advance community-level preparation for plug-in vehicles

Attendance: 150 people in attendance and 700 on-line attendees (local governments, utilities, Clean Cities coalitions, auto dealers and others).

Key Findings:• Partnerships must include government, utilities, private business,

non-profit organizations, retail, airports and others • Communities should have forum to share successes and lessons• Consistent permitting, installation and inspection protocols needed• Standardized training regimen needed for installers; emergency

responders need to be ready• Current financial incentives are available but limited• Multi-unit dwellings may require strategies, regulatory revisions• Neighborhood impacts for charging are a concern

Community Readiness for Plug-in Vehicles Workshop July 22, 2010 at DOE

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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DOE Near-Term Action Plan for Promoting Electric Drive Vehicles

Actions• Host quarterly webinars for Clean Cities coalitions, community

leaders and other stakeholders on crucial topics involving electric drive vehicles.*

• Include the newest electric drive vehicle models in NREL’s Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles guide.

• Update the GREET Fleet tool to include the per-mile electricity use and electricity generation mix for electric drive vehicles.

• Construct a database of national, regional, state and local initiatives and incentives for electric drive deployment.

• Update the Alternative Fuel Station Locator as new public charging stations become available.

www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities

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Clean Cities Tools & Resources

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Clean Cities Web Resources

Clean Cities

AFDC

FuelEconomy.gov

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Clean Cities PEV Publications

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/publication s.html

Table of Contents

Introduction 3

PEV Basics 4

Charging Basics 6

Benefits and Costs of Hosting a Charging Station 9

Charging Station Locations and Hosts 12

Ownership and Payment Models 14

Installing & Maintaining Charging Stations 15

Electrifying the Future 19

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/publications.html

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Clean Cities PEV Publications (cont)

Table of Contents

Introduction 3

PEV Basics 4

PEV Benefits 6

Buying the Right PEVs 8

Driving and Maintaining PEVs 10

Charging PEVs 11

Choosing Electric 19

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/publication s.html

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/publications.html

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EVSE Installation Model Permit

• Template can be used to develop standard permit for residential charging stations that allows for quick, safe installation of EVSE.

• The permit contains general reference to the NEC or electrical code used in the jurisdiction.

• All work and installed equipment will comply with requirements of the NEC or the electrical code used in the jurisdiction.

• The jurisdiction maintains the authority & responsibility to conduct any inspections deemed necessary to protect public safety.

• Installer shall also be responsible for notifying/coordinating any work with utility company where needed.

www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/vehicles/electric_deployme nt.html

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AFDC Alternative Fueling Station Locator

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/locator/stations/

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EVSE Across the U.S.

STATE EVSE STATE EVSE STATE EVSE

Alaska 4 Kentucky 20 New York 428

Alabama 38 Louisiana 48 Ohio 141

Arkansas 33 Massachusetts 310 Oklahoma 12

Arizona 229 Maryland 287 Oregon 570

California 2376 Maine 4 Pennsylvania 65

Colorado 117 Michigan 550 Rhode Island 15

Connecticut 116 Minnesota 100 South Carolina 181

Dist. of Columbia 94 Missouri 81 South Dakota 3

Delaware 8 Mississippi 38 Tennessee 422

Florida 681 Montana 0 Texas 851

Georgia 135 North Carolina 413 Utah 46

Hawaii 204 North Dakota 0 Virginia 182

Iowa 53 Nebraska 2 Vermont 14

Idaho 25 New Hampshire 34 Washington 860

Illinois 399 New Jersey 153 Wisconsin 115

Indiana 109 New Mexico 17 West Virginia 11

Kansas 39 Nevada 31 Wyoming 0

Totals By Fuel: 10,664* Station data last updated on 05/31/2012** Totals include all stations, not just those funded by DOE projects

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AFDC TransAtlas

http://maps.nrel.gov/transatlas

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AFDC Light-Duty and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Searches

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/locator/stations/

Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Websites and Contact Information

DOE EERE Information Center and Technical Response ServiceWebsite: www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/informationcenter.htmlE-mail: technicalresponse@icfi.comHours: 9:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. EST

Clean Cities Websitewww.eere.energy.gov/ccities/

Clean Cities Coordinatorswww.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/progs/coordinators.php

Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Centerwww.eere.energy.gov/afdc

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Websitewww.energy.gov/recovery/cleancities.htm

Erin Russell-Story

Clean Cities Regional Project

Manager

U.S. Department of Energy

National Energy Technology

Laboratory

Pittsburgh, PA

Office: (412) 386-7334

Erin.Russell-Story@netl.doe.gov

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