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8/2/2019 7 Fundamental
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The 7 FundamentalPrinciples of The Red
Cross and Red Crescent
Movement
A historical perspective
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I) Origins and historical analysisof the 7 Fundamental
Principles
II) Full Text of the 7
Fundamental Principles
Contents for thispresentation
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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As early as 1875, Gustave Moyniersuggested that the RC should
observe the following 4 Principles:1 Foresight = preparations in advance
2 Solidarity = Mutual ties between NS
3 Centralization = One NS per country
4 Mutuality = assistance given to woundedregardless of nationality.
I. Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
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In 1921, the revised Statutes of the
ICRC were modified and incorporatedfour Fundamental Principles:
- impartiality, political, religious and
economic independence, theuniversality of the Movement and theequality of its members.
I) Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
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In 1946, the League's Board ofGovernors confirmed the four 1921principles, supplemented by anotherthirteen principles and six rules ofapplication.
Those Principles are known as the"Oxford Principles"
I) Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
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In 1955 Jean Pictet defined andanalyzed all the values which guide
the work of the Movement. He listed17 principles in two categories:
a. Fundamental Principles, which express the very
reason for the Movement's existence and inspireand influence all it does;
b. the organic principles, which concern theMovement's structure and how it works.
I) Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
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The Movement's seven FundamentalPrinciples as they stand today wereunanimously adopted in 1965 by the20th International Conference of theRed Cross, which also decided thatthey should be solemnly read out at
the opening of every InternationalConference.
I) Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Click your mouse to continue.
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In 1986, the 25th InternationalConference of the Red Cross (in
Geneva) reaffirmed the importanceof the Principles by including themin the Preamble to the Movement's
Statutes; their drafting was slightlyamended, and is as follows:
I) Origins of the7 Fundamental Principles
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Fundamental Principles
Humanity
Impartiality
Neutrality
Independence
Voluntary Service Unity
Universality
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End of this presentation.
This presentation can be complementedwith the set of slides entitled Analysis
of the 7 Fundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
End of Presentation
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Analysis of the
7 Fundamental
Principles
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I) Binding Character of the 7FP
II) Analysis of the 7 FP
Contents for thispresentation
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The Statutes of the Movement
underscore the obligation of all thecomponents of the RC RC Movementto act at all times in compliance with
the Fundamental PrinciplesFurthermore..
I. Binding Character
of the 7FP
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the Statutes of the Movement recallthe role of the ICRC to maintain anddisseminate the FundamentalPrinciples, and the role of theFederation to assist the ICRC in thisrespect.
Furthermore..
I. Binding Character
of the 7FP
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the Seville agreement recalls thatNational Societies have a key role toplay in upholdingand disseminatingthe Fundamental Principles within theirown country.
I. Binding Character
of the 7FP
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States are not required to respect the
Fundamental Principles of theMovement, except in the context ofthe International Conference.
I. Binding Character
of the 7FP
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The International Red Cross Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to
bring assistancewithout discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield,
endeavours, in its international and national capacity,to prevent and
alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. Its purpose is to
protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. It
promotes mutual understanding, friendship, co-operation and lasting peace
amongst all people
Humanity
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HUMANITY
it recalls the origins of the Movement: "born of adesire to bring assistance without discrimination to
the wounded on the battlefield"it recalls the double dimension of the Movement:the national and the international one
it defines the mission of the Movement: "toprevent and alleviate human suffering wherever itmay be found"
it defines the purposes of the Movement
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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Impartiality
It makesno distinction as to nationality, race, religiousbeliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavours to relieve
the suffering of individuals, beingguided solely by their
needs, and togive priority to the most urgent cases of
distress
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IMPARTIALITY
The Movement makes no discrimination - andthis does not apply only to people it assists or
protects. Non-discrimination is the refusal to applydistinctions of an adverse nature to human beingssimply because they belong to a specific category.
Impartiality means that, for the Movement, the
only priority that can be set in dealing with thosewho require help must be based on need
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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Neutrality
In order to enjoy the confidence of all, theMovementmay not take sides in hostilities or
engage at any time in controversies of a political,
racial, religious or ideological nature
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NEUTRALITY
the purpose of complying is to enjoy theconfidence of all. It requires confidence of all in
many contexts, i.e. not only in armed conflictscontexts.
the Principle of Neutrality prohibits a componentof the Movement from taking part in hostilities.
the Principle of Neutrality prohibits the Movementto engage at any time in controversies of apolitical, racial, religious or ideological nature.
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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Independence
The Movement is independent. The National Societies, whileauxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their government and
subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always
maintain theirautonomyso that they may be able at all times to
act in accordance with the principles of the Movement
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INDEPENDENCE
resist any interference, whether political,ideological or economic, capable of diverting them
from the course of action laid down by therequirements of humanity, impartiality andneutrality.
balancebetween the NS status of auxiliary to
public authorities in the humanitarian field andtheir submission to national law, on the one hand,and the need to maintain their autonomy, on theother hand.
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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Voluntary
Service
It is a voluntary relief movementnot
prompted in any manner by desire for gain
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VOLUNTARY SERVICE
The Movement is a volunteer-basedorganization
Volunteers provide a vital source of motivation,inspiration and initiative. Volunteers help tomaintain the human quality of the RCRC servicesprovided.
Voluntary service, is also a source ofeconomy. Itallows NS to provide services with minimumfinancial resources.
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
Principles and Values. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
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Unity
There can be onlyone Red Cross or one RedCrescent Society in any one country. It must be
open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian work
throughout its territory
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UNITY
As States have agreed to the FP, they have anobligation to ensure that no other NS can be
created on their territory if they have alreadyrecognized a National Society.
a National Society has to open its membershipwith a broad base in the population as a whole. It
has to recruit its members from all the ethnic,social and other groups in the country.
a National Society has to be active in all parts ofthe country.
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
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Universality
The International Red Cross and CrescentMovement, in which all Societieshave equal
status and share equal responsibilities and duties
in helping each other, is worldwide
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UNIVERSALITY
The RCRC Movement is worldwide.
All National Societies have equal status in theMovement.
All Societies share equal responsibilities and
duties in helping each other.
II) Analysis of theFundamental Principles
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