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THERES A SECRET TO PERFECT

COATINGS AND INKS:

HDK PYROGENIC SILICA

CREATING TOMORROWS SOLUTIONS

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2

HDK PROVIDES THE ULTIMATE

IN RHEOLOGICAL AND FLUIDIZATION

CONTROL

Contents

Product Performance and Expertise 3

Unique Properties 4

Rheological Performance 6

Preventing Sedimentation 7

Straightforward Processing 8

Optimum Effectiveness 10

Practical Examples 12

High-Performance Powder Coatings 17

HDK Product Guide

Leveling and Antisedimentation 18

Layer thickness 18

Hydrophilic HDK 19

Hydrophobic HDK 19

Automotive and Refinishing

Applications 20

Coil, Can and Corrosion

Protection Coatings 24

General Industrial Coatings 26

Floor, Furniture and Wood

Coatings 27

Printing Inks 28

Service 30

WACKER at a Glance 31

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HDK has the versatility to meet

the many different requirements of

coatings and printing inks. When it

comes to optimizing rheological

properties such as flow, fluidization

and triboelectric charging of coatingmaterials or powder coatings, HDK

pyrogenic silica gives you the selective

control you need. HDK will get the

most out of your products.

Targeted Product Performance

WACKER has been producing pyro-

genic silica for over thirty years and

has continued to enhance its unique

properties. These efforts have made

todays HDK exceptional. HDK isnot only a multitalented player, it also

efficiently optimizes specific qualities

in a wide range of products including

coatings, printing inks and many more.

The unique assortment of hydrophobic

and hydrophilic HDK grades gives

precise rheological control of all types

of coating materials and powder paints

to the requirements of the application.

When it comes to thickening, thixotropy,

antisedimentation, pourability andelectrostatic applications, HDK imparts

exactly the qualities you need for your

application.

Concentrated Expertise

An innovative, motivated partner to

the coating and printing ink industry,

WACKER SILICONES backs up its

unbeatable products with first-class

service. To satisfy the requirements ofthe market and our customers, we

research, develop and produce binders,

pigments and additives that continu-

ously improve product performance and

enhance applications. Our customers

can always count on expert, customized

support as well as comprehensive

technical service. We have a local

presence worldwide.

HIGHEST RESULTS FROM

EVERY APPLICATION

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4

UNIQUE PROPERTIES FOR

VERSATILE APPLICATIONS

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The numerous systems for pigments,

surface and powder coatings must

meet specific requirements in produc-

tion and storage and during applica-

tion. This requires consistently high

quality and efficiency. With HDK,you will reach your goals reliably and

economically.

Many Possible Applications

In close cooperation with the coatings

and printing ink industries, WACKER

SILICONES has developed a wide range

of hydrophobic and hydrophilic HDK

grades for numerous application areas.

HDK is the perfect solution for every

sort of ink and coating used on cars,

furniture, ships, parquet floors anddiverse printing processes.

Two-component solvent-containing

and high solids coating materials

Solvent-containing and high solids

baking systems

Air-drying solvent-containing and

high solids coatings

Solventless two-component and

UV curing systems

Water-thinnable coating materials

Powder coatings

Systems for offset, gravure, flexo-

graphic and silk-screen printing

Clear Application Advantages

With its unique properties, HDK

improves the important properties

of coatings and printing inks:

Rheology/Flow Control of film thickness and leveling

Antisedimentation agent for pigments,

fillers and matting agents

Control of flow and fluidization

properties

Appearance

No influence on color

High transparency, optimum high gloss

Less water absorption, improved print

sharpness

Additional benefits

Improved corrosion protection,

wet-adhesion, mechanical properties

Protection of metallic pigments

Charge control

High storage stability

Handling

No preactivation in solvents necessary

Rheology unaffected by temperature

profile

No subsequent seeding

Reduced spraying, dusting, misting

Improved stackability

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6

CUSTOMIZED RHEOLOGY FOR

PERFECT SURFACES

To adjust a coating materials

rheological properties, you need to

ensure that the binder, solvent and

pigments/filler ratio are perfectly

matched. As a rheological additive,

HDK gives perfect control ofperformance in every phase.

Perfect Leveling

In practice, coating materials are

exposed to a wide range of shear forces

during production, transportation, stor-

age and application. Production and

application entail especially high levels

of shear, which can influence the quality

of the coating. Very low levels also

have an effect. The goal is to achieve a

uniform, smooth surface once a coathas been applied in the appropriate

thickness. This requires achieving the

desired leveling while at the same time

preventing run-off. Here, HDK acts

as a thixotropic agent and fine-tunes

the relaxation rate of the viscosity in the

freshly applied coat.

Overview of the shear rates and viscosities that occur during a coating materials

lifecycle from production to application

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 102 103 104 105

103

102

10

1

0.1

0.01

Shear rate

V

iscos

ity

[Pas

]

Storage Transportation

Coating material production

Applicat ion

Controlled

with HDKControlled

with HDKControlled

with HDK

Settling

Sagging

Free-flowing

Settling

Consistency

in drum Application

Controlled by

binders,

pigments and

solvents

Packaging

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7

Another important task of HDK is to

prevent sedimentation of fillers and

pigments as a result of very low shear

during storage and transportation of

coating materials.

Custom Formulations

A coating material formulation must

balance very diverse requirements:

on the one hand, high viscosity must

be achieved in the low-shear range

to prevent sedimentation (this may becombined with a yield point). On the

other hand, the formulation must get the

leveling properties right while preventing

sagging after application.

There are many other parameters that

make adjusting the rheological proper-

ties of a coating material a highly

complex task:

Binder polarity

Binder molar mass and molar massdistributions

Choice of solvent (solubility parameter)

Base viscosity of the binder/solvent

system

Volume fraction of the pigments

and fillers

Interactions between components

Use of additional surface-active

products (wetting or dispersing agents,

etc.)

Reliable Solutions

These factors al l influence the rheologi-

cal properties and therefore affect the

selection and dosing of rheological

additives. The wide range of HDK grades

offers a solution for every demand. Theinterfacial situation energy of any system

can be adjusted to the required value

with hydrophilic HDK for non-polar

systems through to hydrophobic grades

for more polar systems. For example,

through the choice of a particular HDK,

it is possible to shift the emphasis either

toward control of film thickness or

toward optimum leveling.

CONSISTENT QUALITY

BY PREVENTING SEDIMENTATION

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Equipment Fineness of grind [m]

Hydrophilic Grades Hydrophobic Grades

HDK N20 HDK T30 HDK T40 HDK H15 HDK H18

Dissolver 0 5 10 25 60 75 30 75 30 50

Horizontal (Netzsch) mill 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5

Three-roll mill 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5

Grindometer Measurement in Accordance with DIN ISO 1524

STRAIGHTFORWARD PROCESSING FOR

EFFICIENT PRODUCTION WORKFLOWS

Economic and smooth processes

increase production efficiency. There

is a clear advantage to using HDK

to create easy-to-process products

precisely tuned to specific coating

and printing ink systems.

Delivered Ready-to-Use

According to the available data,

pyrogenic silica, if used appropriately,

does not have adverse effects on

health or the environment. HDK can

be processed efficiently: it can be usedwithout additional treatment before

being integrated into production. There

are no restrictions on the temperature

at which it is incorporated.

Formulating is made easier by the

uniformity and consistently high quality

of HDK. The rheological efficacy of

HDK depends on how finely the pyro-

genic silica is broken down. That means

that with better dispersing machines,

Accuracy of measurement 5m.

To obtain optimum colloidal particle dispersion, the mixing equipment must be selected

to suit the agglomeration state of the particular HDK grade.

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9

higher viscosity values can be achieved

for the same HDK concentration.

Efficacy does not depend on the pure

dispersion time, but rather on optimiza-

tion of the shear forces.

To atta in optimal rheological stabili ty,it has proven useful to first incorporate

HDK into a high solids binder/pigment

phase. HDK grades with large surface

areas (>200m2/g) should be dispersed

with bead mills or three-roll mills. In

some cases, a powerful dissolver may

also be adequate.

On-Location Around the World

With its three production sites, WACKER

is one of the worlds top-three manufac-

turers of pyrogenic silica. You can count

on high production and distribution

capacities, short lead times thanks toon-site warehousing, convenient import-

ing through distributors and logistical

support. Additionally, we provide you

with special container sizes, optimized

cost-saving solutions and simplified

recycling. As we see it, that is also part

of being efficient.

Dispersing HDK

Effect of energy input on the rheological performance of HDK during dissolver dispersion

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Viscos

ity

[Pas

]a

ts

hearra

teso

fD=

0,5

s-1

Circumferential velocities

Time [s]

9 m/s

Dispersibility by grade: to obtain optimum

colloidal particle dispersion and a storage-

stable highly efficient product, the mixing

equipment must be selected to suit the

agglomeration state of the particular HDK

grade.

20m

20m

More compact

agglomerates

with HDK T40

More compact

agglomerates

with HDK T40

HDK N20HDK N20

8 m/s 5 m/s 3 m/s

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10

OPTIMUM EFFECT WITH

VARIOUS POLARITIES

Coating materials are complex

multicomponent systems. Besides

the viscosity of the binder solution,

it is mainly the phase volumes of

the disperse particles and interac-

tions between them that determinethe rheological behavior of colloidal

dispersions. The highly branched

aggregate structure of HDK is

responsible for its high surface-to-

mass ratio. This lies behind the very

high capacity of HDK for particle-

particle interactions and volume

immobilization of the binder solution.

Hydrophilic HDK

The rheological propert ies (interaction

potentials) of HDK in coating materials

are governed by adsorption processes

on the HDK aggregate surfaces. This

can be understood by reference to theDLVO theory. Hydrophilic HDK grades

with adsorbed polymers on the surface

behave like macromolecules with high

molar masses. The solubility of these

adsorbed polymers determines the

intermolecular interactions. Thanks to

the polarity of the hydrophobic HDK,

the adsorbed binder molecules have

different solubility parameters from the

non-adsorbed molecules. This is the

reason for the sought-after reversible

particle-particle interactions. Due to theinterplay of inherently polar polymers

and induced dipoles of hydrophilic

HDK, the adsorbate coating becomes

highly compact in the presence of

somewhat non-polar solvents, and the

Van der Waals forces predominate.

These interactions result in the formation

of a three-dimensional network that,

with sufficient concentration, can have

the nature of a permeating gel. If the

formulation contains a larger amount of

polar solvent, steric stabilization of the

HDK may occur. This is where hydro-

phobic HDK shows its strengths.

Hydrophobic HDK

The DLVO theory also provides a useful

tool for understanding the particle-

particle interactions of hydrophobic

HDK. In polar coating materials, the

completely covalently bonded hydro-phobic layer used by WACKER can

be regarded as a kind of barrier layer.

This prevents undesirable colloidal

stabilization of the HDK. The effective-

ness of this hydrophobic layer depends

on the difference in polarity from the

ambient binder and solvent. WACKER

has developed a comprehensive range

of hydrophobic HDK grades to suit

different polar coating materials. Their

capacity for interaction is controlled by

quantity and type of the layer (molecularstructure, chain length).

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High Solids Systems

A high solids system is generally a

coating material that emits roughly half

as much solvent in the processed state

as the corresponding low solids system.

Solids content can be increased withoutraising the processing viscosity by:

Using solvents that greatly lower

the viscosity

Using reactive thinners

Hot application

It is also possible to reduce the mean

molar mass and narrow the molar mass

distribution of the binder. Average molar

masses are typically 800 1,500 g/mol.

Since film-forming agents in high solids

systems have a lower equivalent weight

than those in low solids systems, which

is the same as having a higher number

of mostly polar functional groups, they

have a higher surface energy. This

phenomenon can lead to undesirable

colloidal stabilization effects if hydro-

philic HDK is used, and its efficiency

is reduced. Hydrophobic HDK grades

are extremely effective in high solids

systems, and provide a particularly

stable thixotropic effect.

Non-po

larliquid

High thixotropy Low thixotropy

Van der Waals interactions No particle-particle interactions

Hydrophilic polar silica Hydrophobic non-polar silica

Polarli

quid

Low thixotropy High thixotropy

No particle-particle interactions Van der Waals interactions

Hydrophilic polar silica Hydrophobic non-polar silica

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1212

PRACTICAL EXAMPLES

OF SYSTEM FORMULATIONS

Medium Oil Alkyd Resin System

Example 1 shows the rheological

performance in a medium-oil alkyd-

based top-coat formulation. Hydrophilic

HDK N20 and hydrophobic HDK H15

are compared.

In less polar systems, the rheological

performance can be adjusted with

hydrophilic HDK and the system remains

stable on storage. In example 1, the

thixotropic properties of hydrophobic

HDK H15 are even more distinct. This

could be interpreted as indicating that

the hydrophobic modification of HDK

H15 results in an advantageous volume-

filling binder absorption, which also

provides pronounced control of thixo-

tropy as a result of polymer bridging.

Properties

Coating material White alkyd resin top coat

Binder Medium-oil alkyd resin

Pigment Titanium dioxide

PVK 18 %

Gloss Satin finish

Solvent Aliphatic/aromatic ratio 83 :17

Solids content Held constant at ~53 %

Dispersion Bead mill

Flow times (based on DIN 53211) After storing 24 h at RT

Without HDK 38 s/4 mm (120 mPas at D = 500 s-1)

0.7% HDK N20 58 s/4 mm (160 mPas at D = 500 s-1)

0.7% HDK H15 68 s/4 mm (170 mPas at D = 500 s-1)

Leveling test (acc. to AS

TM 2801 on glass) in terms of doctor blade gapWithout HDK ~30 m after 1 and 28 days

0.7% HDK N20 ~60 m after 1 and 28 days

0.7% HDK H15 ~70 m after 1 and 28 days

Example 1: Graph of thixotropic properties of the coating materials obtained by measuring

the recovery of the quasi-stationary viscosity after previous intensive shearing

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Viscos

ity

[Pas

]

Time for viscosity recovery [s]

32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 100

Optimizing rheological performance of a classic medium oil alkyd

resin-dilutable top-coat system (white)

D = 0.5s-1 D = 0.5s-1

HDK H15 1 day HDK N20 1 day

HDK N20 28 days

Control 1day

Control 28 daysHDK H15 28 days

D = 500s-1

Example 1: Rheological performance of a classical medium oil alkyd

resin-dilutable top-coat system

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1313

Data High-solids system

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) [g/l] ~430

Binder Type Polyacrylate polyols

Polyester polyolsCuring agent: HDT

Molar mass of polyols [g/mol] 1500/1200

Acid-value of polyols [mg KOH/g] ~7.5/16

OH value of polyols [%] 4.5/5.4

Solvents Type Esters/glycol esters

Flow times (based on DIN 53211) [s/4 mm] ~23

Amount of HDK based on formulation [%] 1

High Solids, Two-Component, PUR,

Clear-Coat Systems

Example 2 depicts the rheological

performance of a high solids, two-

component, PUR clear coat system

(automotive refinish) with the followingsystem parameters:

In this very polar, high solids system,

the formulation containing HDK H30RM

shows optimum wet-film thicknessuniformity with slower viscosity relax-

ation, which assists leveling. HDK

H20RM shows a more pronounced and

faster thixotropic performance. With

these two grades, it is possible to fine-

tune the properties according to the

desired profile.

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Viscos

ity

[Pas

]

Time for viscosity recovery [s]

65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

Rheological performance optimization of a two-component PUR clear coat system

(VOC ~430g/l) with hydrophobic HDK

D = 0.5s-1 D = 0.5s-1

HDK H20RMSag resistance:wet ~125 m

HDK H30RMSag resistance:wet ~55 m

HDK H15Sag resistance:wet ~25 m

Control

D = 500s-1

Example 2: Rheological performance of a high solids, two-component,

PUR clear coat system

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14

Epoxy Resin Systems

Example 3 shows that HDK H18

also offers maximum sag resistance in

solvent-containing and solvent-free

systems.

Example 3: System Parameters

Data

Binder Type High solids epoxy resin

Epoxy equivalent [g/equiv.] 588

Hardener Type Polyamidoamine adduct

H-active equivalent [g/equiv.] 160

Mixing ratio 100:27

Solids [%] 61

Solids by volume [%] 56

Solvents Types Aromatic/methoxypropanol

Dynamic viscosity (D= 500 s-1) [mPas] 350 non-thixotropic

400 450 thixotropic

Total HDK based on formulation [%] 0.35 0.7 1.4

Flow test: dry-film thickness [m] 55

Dispersion Bead mill

Adjusting the rheological properties of a two-component, high solids epoxy coating material

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Dry-f

ilmt

hickness

tha

tcan

bea

dditiona

lly

ac

hieve

dw

ithou

tleve

ling

[m

]

Thixotropy value (differences in viscos ity between non -thixotropic

and thixotropic systems at D = 0.5 s-1) [mPas]

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Measurements taken

15 minutes after mixing

components A and B

Achievable dry-film thicknesses

without leveling:

without HDK H18 55 m

0.35 % HD K H18 85 m

0.70 % HD K H18 110 m

1.40 % HD K H18 240 m

HDK H15 HDK H18

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1515

HDK

in Water-Dilutable CoatingMaterials

It is more difficult to select a grade and

dosage for water-dilutable systems

because the optimum rheology depends

on multiple factors. Therefore, prelimi-

nary trials are necessary. WACKER

SILICONES technical service is happy

to advise you in the selection of

appropriate HDK grades and new

development products.

Possible Influences to Consider:

Electrical surface charges of particles

Electrolyte content of pigments,

fillers, etc.

pH

Absorption of binders on the HDK

surface

Absorption of other surface-active

additives

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

So

lven

torwa

tercon

ten

t(%)

1 2 3 4

Conventional coating

(independent of relative humidity)

Time (min)

Water-dilutable coating

(at 30% relative humidity)

Water-dilutable coating

(at 60% relative humidity)

HDK for water-dilutable systems

Hydrophilic HDK HDK

V15 / N20 / T30 / T40

HDK dispersions HDK A2012 /

XK20030 / A3017

basically stabilized

HDK D2012B / D3017B

acidically stabilized

Hydrophobic HDK HDK H13/H15/H30/

H30RM

The slow evaporation compared to solvent-dilutable systems requires a carefully

controlled rheology profile

HDK FOR RHEOLOGICAL CONTROL

IN WATER-DILUTABLE COATING

MATERIALS

Specific

Solutions

WACKER SILICONES has developed a

wide range of organically modified silanes

which allows us to provide appropriately

modified pyrogenic silica upon request.

Active reinforcing fillers for especially

scratch-resistant coatings or improved

corrosion protection are one example.WACKERs technical service works with

you to fulfill your goals.

Source:

BASFLac

kiertec

hn

ik,

2002

,Vincen

tzVerlag

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HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL

POWDER COATINGS

When formulating powder coatings,

even small amounts of HDK improve

flow and fluidizability. And that is

exactly what is required for efficient

usage and simplified electrostatic

application.

Free Flow

Hydrophobic HDK is especially suited

for improving the flow properties of

powders. During mixing in, it accumu-

lates on the surface of the individual

powder grains and separates them from

one another. The powder can thereby

flow freely, which ensures better edge

covering in the melting phase.

Because of its high specific surface area,

HDK can bind moisture on the surface

of hygroscopic powders. This drying

effect further assists free flow and is best

achieved with hydrophilic HDK grades.

Efficient Application

HDK works outstandingly in only small

doses; 0.1 0.3 % (by weight) is enough

to bring about the desired effects. It is

best if these highly d ispersible pyrogenic

silica are introduced during grinding

(8,000 12,000 rpm), but under no

circumstances before extrusion.

The advantages of HDK are apparent

at every stage:

Faster, easier sieving

Simple application (spraying,

fluidized bed)

Retains the electrostatic wrap effect

No influence on film formation and

hardening

High-Performance Toner

For over ten years, WACKER has

developed special HDK grades for

toners and continues to further develop

them. These grades optimize the toners

flow properties, regulate tribo chargingand stabilize the formulation. As a result,

the toner particles stay mobile, toner is

transferred more easily, the image carrier

is cleaned more effectively and the

printed image is sharp. Detailed infor-

mation on this topic is available from

WACKER SILICONES.

HDK for Powder Coatings

Standard products HDKV15/N20/T30/

H15/H30

Highly destructured HDK H2000

products Other grades availableWithout HDK: lumps form on the sieve With HDK H30: no lumps on the sieve

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HDK N20 Standard product for non-polar to semi-polar pigmented water-dilutable

coating materials

HDK T30 & Standard product for non-polar to semi-polar transparent systems and

HDK T40 water-dilutable coating materials

HDKA3017 Ammonia-stabilized HDK dispersion also for transparent coating materials

HDK D3017 Acid-stabilized HDK dispersion also for transparent coating materials

HDK H13 Standard product for semi-polar and polar coating materials

Also used in p igmented, water-reducible systems

HDK H15 Standard product for semi-polar pigmented coating materials

HDK H30 Standard product for semi-polar transparent and water-reducible systems

Innovative new HDK for water-reducible coating materials.

Please contact our technical marketing.

HDK H20RM Especially developed for polar systems and high solids formulations

Alternative to H15 for pigmented coating mater ials, with the additional

advantage of a monomolecular trimethylsilyl coating at generally lower

doses than H15

HDK H30RM Especially developed for polar systems and high solids formulations

Alternative to H30 for optimizing f low in transparent systems

Has the additional advantage of a monomolecular trimethylsilyl coating

at generally lower doses than H30Also suitable for fil led water-dilutable systems.

Step 1

18

HDK PRODUCT GUIDE FOR

COATINGS AND PRINTING INKS

Good Leveling and Protection against Sedimentation

HDK N20 Standard product for non-polar to semi-polar pigmented systems

HDK T30 & Standard product for non-polar to semi-polar transparent and

HDK T40 water-reducible systems

HDK H13 Standard product for semi-polar and polar coating materials

Also used in p igmented, water-reducible systems

HDK H20 & Standard product for semi-polar pigmented systems

HDK

H15HDK H30 Standard product for semi-polar transparent and water-reducible systems

Innovative new HDK for water-reducible systems.

Please contact our technical marketing.

HDK H18 Standard product for polar systems

Extremely pronounced thixotropy with quick recovery of viscosity after

exposure to shear stress even in highly polar and high solids systems

HDK H20RM & Especially developed for polar systems and high solids formulations

HDK H30RM Pronounced thixotropy with quick recovery of viscosity after exposure to

shear stress even in highly polar systems with the additional advantage

of a monomolecular trimethylsilyl coating

HDK H30RM For transparent systems. Also suitable for filled water-reducible systems.

HDK H20RC Especially developed for polar systems and high solids formulations.

Pronounced thixotropy with quick recovery of viscosity after exposure to

shear stress even in highly polar systems with the additional advantageof an alkyd coating

Step 2Layer Thickness and Prevention of Sagging and Running

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HDK HDK HDK HDK

V15 N20 T30 T40

BET surface area

ISO 9277/DIN66132[m2/g] 150 20 200 30 300 30 400 40

pH

IS

O 787-9 3.8 4.3 3.8 4.3 3.8 4.3 3.8 4.3in 4% H2O dispersion

Tapped density

DIN EN ISO 787-11[g/l] ca. 50 ca. 40 ca. 40 ca. 40

Loss on drying

ISO 787-2 [wt.%]

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Automotive Segment

Coating segment OEM automotive solvent-dilutable clear coating materials

Desired rheological profile FLOW & LEVELING where

ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES also needed

Stable rheology in the ring line

Stable rheology in the baking phaseResin Polyol Polyol Polyol

Polyisocyanate Blocked CAB

polyisocyanate Melamine resin

Solvent Esters Alcohols Alcohols

Glycol ethers Glycol ether esters Glycol ethers

Glycol ether esters Aromatics Aromatics

Aromatics

HDK grades HDK H30RM HDK H30RM HDK H30RM

HDK H30 HDK H30 HDK H30

HDKT30 HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 %

Coating segment OEM automotive water-dilutable clear coating materials

Desired rheological profile GOOD FLOW & LEVELING where


Highly pure rheological additive to avoid graying of aluminum flake


Stable rheology in the baking phase

Resin Acrylic dispersion Polyol

Melamine resin Polyisocyanate

Polyester

Solvent DI water DI water

Glycols Glycols

HDK grade HDK H30 HDK H30

HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 %

Remarks Synergistic effects with associative additives such as

PUR thickeners are possible.

New specialty hydrophobic grades are available on request.

Coating segment OEM automotive solvent-dilutable top coating materials




Stable rheology in the baking phaseResin Polyol Polyol Polyol

Polyisocyanate Blocked CAB

polyisocyanate Melamine resin

Solvent Esters Alcohols Alcohols

Glycol ethers Glycol ether esters Glycol ethers

Glycol ether esters Aromatics Aromatics

Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H30RM HDK H30RM HDK H30RM

HDK H20RM HDK H20RM HDK H20RM

HDK H20RC HDK H20RC HDK H20RC




HDK N20 HDK N20 HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 %

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Clear Coating Materials Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Clear Coating Materials

Step 4Water-Dilutable Clear Coating Materials

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Top Coating Materials

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Coating segment OEM automotive water-dilutable top coating materials




Stable rheology in the baking phaseResin Acrylic dispersion Polyol

Melamine resin Polyisocyanate

Polyester


Glycols Glycols

HDK grade HDK H30RM HDK H30RM

HDK H30 HDK H30

HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.6 % 0.1 0.6 %

Remarks Synergistic effects with associative additives are possible.


Coating segment OEM automotive solvent-dilutable base coating materials



Flake orientation control


Stable rheology in the baking phase

Resin Polyol Polyol

Polyisocyanate CAB

Melamine resin

Solvent Esters Glycol ether esters

Glycol ethers Esters

Glycol ether esters Aromatics

Aromatics Alcohols


HDK H30 HDK H30

HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.9 % 0.1 0.9 %

Coating segment Water-reducible base coating materials

Desired rheological profile GOOD FLOW & LEVELING

Flake orientation control

Highly pure rheological additive to avoid graying

Stable rheology in the ring lineStable rheology in the baking phase

Resin PU dispersion Acrylic dispersion

Melamine resin

Polyester


Glycols Glycols

N-Methyl pyrrolidone


HDK H30 HDK H30

HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.8 % 0.1 0.8 %

Remarks Synergistic effects with associative additives are possible.


Solvent-Dilutable Base Coating Materials

Step 4Water-Reducible Base Coating Materials

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Base Coating Materials

Step 4Water-Dilutable Top Coating Materials

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Coating segment OEM automotive solvent-dilutable filler coating materials

Desired rheological profile ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

ANTI-SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES

Resin Polyol Polyol

Polyisocyanate CABMelamine resin


Glycol esters Esters

Glycol ether esters Aromatics/alcohols

Aromatics


HDK H20RC HDK H20RC

HDK H13 HDK H13

HDK H15 HDK H15

HDK N20 HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 1.0 % 0.3 1.0 %

Coating segment OEM automotive water-reducible filler coating materials



Resin Polyol

Melamine resin

Solvent DI water

Glycols

HDK grade HDK H30RM

HDK H30

HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.5 1.0 %

Remarks Synergistic effects with associative additives are possible.New specialty hydrophobic grades are available on request.

Coating segment OEM automotive solvent-dilutable underbody protection

coating materials



Resin PVC plastisol Polyol

blocked polyisocyanate


Glycol esters AromaticsGlycol ether esters

Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H20RC

HDK H20RM

HDK H13 HDK H13

HDK H15 HDK H15

HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 1 % 0.3 1 %

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Filler Coating Materials

Step 4Water-Reducible Filler Coating Materials

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Underbody Protection Coating Materials

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Automotive Refinish Segment

Coating segment Automotive refinish coating materials polyester fil ler



Resin UP

Solvent Styrene monomer

HDK grade HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 1 %

Solvent-Dilutable Clear and Top-Filler Coating MaterialsCoating segment Automotive refinish solvent-dilutable clear coating materials



Resin Polyol

Polyisocyanate

Solvent Esters

Glycol esters

Glycol ether esters

Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H30RM (top & clear coats)

HDK H20RM

HDK H20RC

HDK H15

HDKT30 (top & clear coats)

HDK N20


Coating segment Can coating materials solvent-dilutable



Resin Epoxy resin Polyol Epoxy resin

Melamine resin Blocked Phenol resin

polyisocyanate

Solvent Aromatics Glycol ether esters Alcohols

Esters Aromatics Glycol ethers

Aromatics

Isophorones

HDK grade HDK H13 HDK H13 HDK H13




HDK dosage 0.1 0.3 % 0.1 0.3 % 0.1 0.3 %

Can Coatings

Step 4Polyester Filler

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Clear and Top-Filler Coating Materials

Step 4Solvent-Dilutable Systems

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Coating segment Corrosion protection coatings solvent-dilutable



Resin Two-component One-component PVC copolymerEP Zn dust EP Zn dust

Solvent Alcohols Aromatics Aromatics

Glycol ethers Esters Esters

Glycol ether esters Ketones

Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H18 HDK H18



HDK N20

HDK dosage 1 2 % 1 2 % 0.3 1.5 %

Remarks Prevents undesirable reactions in coating materials containing

metallic pigments

Corrosion Protection Coatings Coating Materials

Coating segment Corrosion protection coatings solvent-dilutable



Resin Epoxy resin Polyol Alkyd resin

Polyisocyanate

Solvent Alcohols Esters Aromatics

Glycol ethers Glycol esters White spirits

Glycol ether esters Glycol ether esters

Aromatics AromaticsHDK grade HDK H18 HDK H18

HDK H20RC



HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 1.5 % 0.3 1.5 % 0.3 0.6 %

Coil Coatings

Coating segment Coil coating materials solvent-dilutable systems

Desired FLOW AND COATING THICKNESS where

rheological profile ANTI-SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES also needed

Resin Epoxy resin Polyol Polyester PVDF & PVC

Polyester Blocked Melamine resin Plastisolspolyisocyanate

Solvent Alcohols Glycol ether esters Alcohols Esters

Glycol ethers Aromatics Glycol ethers Glycol esters

Glycol ether esters Aromatics Glycol ether esters

Aromatics Isophorones Aromatics

Isophorones

HDK grade HDK H18


HDK H15 HDK H15 HDK H15 HDK H15

HDK N20 HDK N20 HDK N20 HDK N20


HDK dosage 0.2 2.0 % 0.2 2.0 % 0.2 2.0 % 0.3 1 %


Step 4Solvent-Dilutable and Water-Reducible Systems


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Coating segment Corrosion protection coatings solvent-dilutable and

water-dilutable



Resin Methyl and phenyl Methy l-6-phenyl Ethyl sili catesilicone resins such silicone resins such

as WACKER SILRES as WACKER SILRES

Solvent Alcohols DI water Aromatics

Glycol ethers Glycols Ketones

Glycol ether esters Water

Aromatics




HDK dosage 1 2 % 0.5 1.0 % 0.2 2 %

Remarks Prevents undesirable reactions in coating materials containing

metallic pigments

Coating segment Corrosion protection coatings water-dilutable



Resin Acrylic dispersions Urethane modified alkyd emulsions

Alkyd emulsions


Glycols Glycols


HDK H30 HDK H30

HDK H13 HDK H13

HDK

H15 HDK

H15HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.5 2 % 0.5 2 %

Remarks Synergistic effects with associative additives such as PUR

thickeners are possible.


Step 4Solvent-Dilutable and Water-Dilutable Systems


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General Industrial Coatings

Floor Coating Materials

Coating segment General industrial coating materials solvent-dilutable



Resin two-component Polyol Alkyd resin/

epoxy primer Polyisocyanate Melamine resin

Solvent Alcohols Esters Aromatics

Glycol ethers Glycol esters Alcohols

Glycol ether esters Glycol ether esters

Aromatics Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H18 HDK H20RC HDK H20RC



HDK N20 HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 1.5 % 0.3 1.5 % 0.3 1.5 %

Coating segment General industrial coating materials solvent-dilutable



Resin Wash primer Physically drying Physically drying

PVB type polyurethane resin PVC/PMMA

copolymer

Solvent Alcohols Aromatics Ketones

Aromatics Alcohols Aromatics

Esters



HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 0.8 % 0.3 1.5 % 0.3 1.5 %

Coating segment Floor coating materials solventless and solvent-dilutable

Desired rheological profile VERY GOOD FLOW & LEVELING where

ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES needed

Resin Polyol Two-component Chlorinated rubber

Polyisocyanate epoxy resin

Solvent Alcohols Alcohols

Glycol ethers Glycol ethers

Glycol ether esters Aromatics

Aromatics


HDK H20RC HDK H20RC HDK H20RC

HDK H13 HDK H13



HDK dosage 0.1 1.5 % 0.1 1.5 % 0.1 1.5 %


Step 4Solventless and Solvent-Dilutable Systems


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Furniture & Wood Coating Materials

Coating segment Furniture and wood coating materials

Desired rheological profile ANTI-SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES

ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

Resin UV-curing UP UV-curing Solvent-dilutable

modified polyether alkyd resinand ester acrylates

Solvent Styrene Aromatics

White spirits

HDK grade HDK H13

HDK H15 HDK H15


HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.1 0.3 % 0.3 0.6 % 0.3 0.6 %

Coating segment Furniture and wood coating materials

Desired rheological profile ANTI-SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES

ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

Resin Alkyd resin/ Polyol Acid curing system

cellulose nitrate Polyisocyanate Alkyd resin

Urea resin

Solvent Aromatics Esters

Esters Glycol esters

Alcohols Glycol ether esters

Aromatics

HDK grade HDK H30RM

HDK H20RC



HDK H30HDK N20 HDK N20 HDK N20

HDK dosage 0.3 0.6 % 0.3 0.6 % 0.3 0.6 %



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Ink segment Offset printing



PREVENTS EMULSIFICATION AND SCUMMINGANTI-MISTING

Resin Combination varnish Heat-set varnish

Linseed oil varnish Hard resins

Resins (usual ly alkyd resins) Alkyd resins

Solvent Paraffinic, naphthenic and Paraffinic, naphthenic and

other aromatic hydrocarbons, other aromatic hydrocarbons,

mainly Cl6-Cl8 mainly Cl6-Cl8

HDK grade HDK H15

HDK H20

HDK N20

HDKT30

HDK dosage 1 3 % 1 3 %

Ink segment Flexographic and gravure printing inks

Desired rheological profile Low-viscosity or pasty printing inks used in flexographic printing


ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

Resin Cellulose Polyvinyl- Vinyl chloride Polyamide

nitrate, often butyrals such copolymers resins

as a binder as WACKER such as

mixture with PIOLOFORM VINNOL

co-binders surface-

Polyester coating resins

resins

Polyurethanes,ketone resins

and maleates

Solvent Ethanol Ethanol Ketones White spirits

Ethyl acetate Ethyl acetate

Ketones





HDK dosage 0.3 2 % 0.3 2 % 0.3 2 % 0.3 2 %

Printing Inks

In addition to their rheological perform-

ance, HDK grades fulfill the following

requirements in printing inks:

Problem-free transfer of the ink

onto the print medium

Better print image through sharp

half-tones

Fresh printed images do not smear

Regulation of water balance in

offset printing inks

Step 4Offset Printing

Step 4Flexographic and Gravure Printing

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Ink segment Water-reducible printing inks

Desired rheological profile Liquid or pasty printing inks used in flexographic printing


ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

Resin Mostly acidic acrylic resins

Solvent DI water

Glycols

HDK

grade HDK

H30RMHDK H15

HDKT30


Ink segment Silk-screen printing



Resin Vinyl chloride Epoxy resin Oil-dilutable Polyvinyl

copolymers Polyurethane varnish butyrals such

such as Alkyd resins as WACKER

VINNOL

PIOLOFORM

surface-

coating resins

Solvent Ketones Esters Hydrocarbons Ethanol

Alcohols Dipentene Ethyl acetate

Glycol ethers

Glycol ether

esters

HDK grade HDK H20RC



HDK N20 HDK N20

HDKT30 HDKT30

HDK dosage 0.3 1 % 0.3 1 % 0.3 1 % 0.3 1 %

Ink segment UV printing inks

Desired rheological profile Liquid or pasty printing inks used in flexographic printing


ANTI-SAG PROPERTIES

Resin Acrylic epoxy vinyl ether-dilutable monomers, oligomers and

prepolymers

Solvent

HDK grade HDK H13

HDK H15

HDK N20

HDK

T30HDK dosage 0.3 2 %

WACKER develops and produces key

products for technologies such as

electrophotography, laser and ink-jet

printing. If you would like to know more

about these innovative solutions,

contact one of our service engineers.

Step 4Silk-Screen Printing

Step 4UV Printing

Step 4Water-Dilutable Printing

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Verkaufsbros und Vertriebsge-

sellschaften

CUSTOMIZED SERVICE FOR

APPLICATION-DRIVEN SOLUTIONS

Compelling PerformanceThis brochure has shown you what

HDK can do for coating materials and

powder coatings of all kinds. To find out

more about HDK technical data, ask

for our product data sheets. WACKER

SILICONES can, of course, offer much

more in the fields of coatings and

printing inks. For our complete range in

this area, see our product overview. We

will be glad to send you a copy upon

request. Or just visit us on the internet

at www.wacker.com/hdk.

Customer-Oriented Service

Unique challenges require unique

solutions. That is why our technical

service engineers are here for you in

person. They understand your produc-

tion workflows and requirements and

know our products and their wide range

of benefits. With this background, we

can draw up exactly the solution you

need. In addition, our technical centers

in Europe, the USA and Asia have highlyadvanced testing and measuring systems

available for optimizing your products.

Just call us. We will be glad to help you,

wherever you are located.

Our Services:

Development of optimum rheological

performance in water-dilutable coating

materials

Development of hydrophobic HDK

grades, including reactive products,

tailored to your system

Rheometric measurements, rotation

and oscillation

Gas chromatography analyses

Surface tension determination

Electron microscopy (SEM, TEM, EDX)

Light microscopy

Metal analysis

Supplying economical and dust-

eliminating packaging and conveying

technologies

Global PresenceWACKER is present throughout the

world with production sites, technical

centers and sales offices. You can there-

fore count on our first-hand knowledge

of your regions markets and on our

ability to deliver precisely the products

and services you need. Quickly, flexibly

and professionally.

Our logistical network also extends

across the globe. At all our locations we

work together exclusively with highly

qualified, certified carriers who use the

latest equipment. Furthermore, all

delivery and transport movements are

recorded and evaluated by WACKER.

As a result, we can offer extremely short

delivery times and absolute reliability,

because we are only happy with our

quality if you are completely satisfied.

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WACKER

AT A GLANCE

WACKER SILICONES

is a leading supplier of complete silicone-

based solutions that comprise products,

services and conceptual approaches. As

a provider of solutions, the business divi-

sion helps customers press ahead withinnovations, exploit global markets fully,

and optimize business processes to

reduce overall costs and boost productiv-

ity. Silicones are the basis for products

offering highly diverse properties for vir-

tually unlimited fields of application, rang-

ing from the automotive, construction,

chemical, electrical engineering and elec-

tronics industries, through pulp and

paper, cosmetics, consumer care and

textiles, to mechanical engineering and

metal processing.

WACKER POLYMERS

is the global leader for high-quality bind-

ers and polymer additives. This business

divisions activities encompass construc-

tion chemicals and functional polymers

for lacquers, surface coatings and other

industrial applications, as well as basic

chemicals, i.e. acetyls. Products such

as dispersible polymer powders, disper-

sions, solid resins, powder binders and

surface coating resins from WACKER

POLYMERS are used in the construction,

automotive, paper and adhesives

industries, as well as by manufacturers

of printing inks and industrial coatings.

WACKER FINE CHEMICALS

is an expert in organic synthesis, silane

chemistry and biotechnology, providing

tailored solutions for its customers

in the life sciences and consumer care

industries. The range of innovative

products includes complex organic

intermediates, organosilanes, chiralproducts, cyclodextrins and amino acids.

With its comprehensive expertise,

WACKER FINE CHEMICALS is a preferred

partner for highly challenging custom-

manufacturing projects in the fields of

chemistry and biotechnology.

WACKER POLYSILICON

has been producing hyperpure silicon for

the semiconductor and photovoltaics

industries for over 50 years. As one of the

largest global manufacturers of polycrys-

talline silicon, WACKER POLYSILICON

supplies leading wafer and solar-cell

manufacturers.

Siltronic

is one of the worlds leading producers of

hyperpure silicon wafers, supplying manymajor chip manufacturers. Siltronic devel-

ops and produces wafers up to 300 mm

in diameter at facilities in Europe, the

USA, Asia and Japan. Silicon wafers form

the basis of state-of-the-art micro and

nanoelectronics used, for example, in

computers, telecommunications, motor

vehicles, medical technology, consumer

electronics and control systems.

WACKER

is a technological leader in the chemi-

cal and electrochemical industries and

a worldwide innovation partner to cus-

tomers in many key global sectors.

With around 14,400 employees,WACKER generated sales of EUR 2.76

billion in 2005. Germany accounted

for 21% of sales, Europe (excluding

Germany) for 31%, the Americas for

22% and Asia-Pacific, including

the rest of the world, for 26%.

Headquartered in Munich, Germany,

WACKER has some 20 production

sites worldwide and a global network

of over 100 sales offices.

With R&D spending at 5.3% of sales

in 2005, WACKER is among the worldsmost research-intensive chemical

companies.

06.

06

CREATING TOMORROWS SOLUTIONS

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6176e

/07

.06

Wacker Chemie AG

Hanns-Seidel-Platz 4

81737 Mnchen, Germany

[email protected]

www.wacker.com/hdk

Wacker ChemicalsTrading

(Shanghai) Co. Ltd.

31 F., Bank of China Tower

200 Yin Cheng Road Central

Pudong

P.R. China

Shanghai 200 120

Tel. +86 21 6100-3400

Fax +86 21 6100-3500

[email protected]

Wacker Chemical Corporation

3301 Sutton Road

Adrian, MI 49221-9397

USA

Tel. +1 517 264-8500

Fax +1 517 264-8246

[email protected]

www.wacker.com/hdk

Documents

6176_EN.pdf