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Chapter 6: The Internet 1
Intrusion Attempts An intrusion is any access to data or programs by hackers,
criminals, or other unauthorized persons
Looking for open ports is one of the most common ways of gaining unauthorized access to a network-based computer
A port probe (or port scan) uses automated software to locate computers that have open ports and are vulnerable to unauthorized access
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Chapter 6: The Internet 2
Securing Ports One of the easiest steps to
enhance your computer’s security is to turn it off when you aren’t using it
A firewall is software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer
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Chapter 6: The Internet 3
Virtual Private Networks It is possible to secure remote connections by setting up
virtual private network (VPN) access to a remote access server in the corporate office
Access to a VPN is usually by invitation only. Employees who need to access a VPN are given the necessary instructions, addresses, and passwords to make connections
How will you utilize the internet in your IT professional career?
What is the Web?
• an Internet service that offers a vast collection of documents, graphics, digitized video clips, and sound files that can be accessed by following links
What does VPN stand for?
• Virtual Private Network
What does ISP stand for?
• Internet Service Provider
The Web & Email
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 9
Web Basics The Web is a collection of document, image, video, and
sound files A Web site contains a collection of related information
Internet & The Web
• Internet: a vast network designed to transfer data from one computer to another
• The Web: a collection of document, image, video, and sound files
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 11
Web Basics A Web server accepts requests from browsers
A Web page is the product or output of one or more Web-based files displayed in a format similar to a page in a book
A Web browser is client software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages
Every Web page has a unique address called a URL
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 12
HTML Set of specifications for creating documents that a browser
can display as a Web page
• HTML: Stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. Predominant markup language for web pages.
• XHTML: Stands for Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language. Family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of widely used HTML.
• DHTML: Stands for Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language. Collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated web sites.
http://www.w3schools.com/
http://www.w3schools.com/
HTTP
• Stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol– networking protocol for distributed, collaborative,
hypermedia information systems– it is the foundation of data communication for the
World Wide Web
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 16
Web Browsers Help you access Web pages
Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available
Popular browsers:– Internet Explorer– Mozilla Firefox– Apple Safari– Netscape Navigator– Opera
Do you have a favorite browser?
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 18
Web Browsers Helper applications extend browser’s ability to work with file
formats– A plug-in is a type of helper application (ex. QuickTime,
Flash)– A player is any helper
application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 19
Cookies Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored
in a text file on computer’s hard disk– can be used for authentication, storing site preferences, shopping
cart contents, etc.
Your computer does not have to accept cookies
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Web Page Authoring Online Web authoring tools
Web authoring software– Adobe Dreamweaver– Microsoft Expression
Web
Text editor
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HTML Scripts HTML scripts can perform complicated tasks and respond to
user actions– HTML forms– Server-side script– Client-side script– Java applet– ActiveX control
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Search Engine Basics A Web search engine is a program designed to help people
locate information on the Web by formulating simple keyword queries
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Search Engine Basics A Web crawler is a computer program that is automated to methodically
visit Web sites
A search engine indexer is software that pulls keywords from a Web page and stores them in a database
A search engine’s query processor looks for your search terms in search engine’s indexed database and returns a list of relevant Web sites
Link popularity is measured by quantity and quality of links from one Web page to others
A meta keyword is entered into a header section of a Web page when it is created and is supposed to describe the page contents
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 24
Citing Web-Based Source Material
To copy a passage of textfrom a Web page, highlightthe text, click the Editmenu, then select Copy.Next, switch to your owndocument and use thePaste option.
7 Citing Web-Based Source Material
Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 25
For APA formatting I recommend using Purdue Owl to help with citing sources
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 27
E-commerce Basics Business transactions conducted
electronically over a computer network– B2C (business-to-consumer)– C2C (consumer-to-consumer)– B2B (business-to-business)– B2G (business-to-government)
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 28
E-commerce Basics Enhances traditional business models
Styles of online advertisements– Banner ad– Hover ad– Pop-up ad
• Click-through rate
Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 29
Online Shopping
In a typical shoppingsession, you connect toan online storefront anduse navigation controlsto browse through themerchant’s catalog. Asyou browse, you candrop items into yourelectronic shopping cart.At the checkout counter,you enter the informationnecessary to pay for theitems you selected.
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 30
Online Auctions An online auction is the
electronic equivalent to good old-fashioned yard sales, rummage sales, and auctions
You can expect to bid on new, used, closeout, overstock, or refurbished items at an online auction
Computer software takes the place of an auctioneer
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 31
Online Payment The most popular ways to make online payments include
submitting your credit card number directly to a merchant and using a third-party payment service such as PayPal
Online shoppers are justifiably worried that personal information and credit card numbers supplied in the course of an e-commerce transaction might be hijacked and used inappropriately
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 32
Online Payment A secure connection encrypts the data transmitted between
your computer and a Web site• SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)• TLS (Transport Layer Security)• S-HTTP (secure HTTP)
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 33
Online Payment Person-to-person payments
are an alternative to credit cards– The payment service is
the only entity that sees your credit card number
An electronic wallet is software that stores billing and shipping information
Social Networking & Professional Networking
• Social Networks– Facebook– MySpace– Twitter
• Professional Networks– LinkedIn
TED Video
http://www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_how_web_video_powers_global_innovation.html
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 36
E-Mail Overview Any person with an e-mail account can send and receive e-
mail messages
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 37
E-Mail Overview Basic e-mail activities
– Writing– Reading– Replying to– Forwarding
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E-Mail Overview E-mail attachments are files that travel with an e-mail
message
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 39
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Netiquette Internet etiquette
– Meaningful subject– Use uppercase and lowercase letters– Check spelling– Be careful what you send– Be polite– Be cautious with sarcasm and humor
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 41
Netiquette– Use smileys and text messaging shorthand
cautiously
– Use the Bcc function for group mailings
– Don’t send replies to all recipients
– Don’t send huge attachments
– Explain attachments
– Stay alert for viruses
– Notify recipients of viruses
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 42
E-mail Technology E-mail systems carry and manipulate e-mail messages
Three types of e-mail systems widely used today:– POP (Post Office Protocol)– IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)– Web-based e-mail
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 43
E-mail Technology Web-based e-mail accounts allow you to use a browser to
access your e-mail messages
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 44
Spam Spam is unwanted electronic junk mail about medical
products, low-cost loans, and fake software upgrades that arrives in your online mailbox
A spam filter is a type of utility software that captures unsolicited e-mail messages before they reach your inbox
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 45
Phishing Phishing is an e-mail based scam designed to persuade you
to reveal confidential information, such as your bank account number or Social Security number
If you don’t want to become a phishing victim, be suspicious of e-mail messages that supposedly come from banks, ISPs, online payment services, operating system publishers, and online merchants
7 Fake Sites A fake Web site looks
legitimate, but has been created by a third party to be a very clever replica of a legitimate Web site
Pharming is an exploit that redirects users to fake sites by poisoning a domain name server with a false IP address
Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 46
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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 47